Can you outsmart a troll (by thinking like one)? - Claire Wardle

764,106 views ใƒป 2020-10-29

TED-Ed


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ฒ€ํ† : Jihyeon J. Kim
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๋งˆ์„์—์„œ ์‹œ์žฅ์„ ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ํ•œ์ฐฝ์ด๋ฉฐ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์ด ์ด๋ณด๋‹ค ์น˜์—ดํ–ˆ๋˜ ์ ์€ ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:07
Your town is holding a mayoral election and the stakes have never been higher:
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00:12
the outcome will decide the fate of a local movement
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์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์žฌ์ƒ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€์— 100% ์˜์กดํ•˜์ž๋Š” ์ง€์—ญ ์šด๋™์˜ ์šด๋ช…์ด ๊ฒฐ์ •๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:15
to rely on 100% renewable energy.
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00:18
One mayoral nominee, Joanna B. Greene, is a champion of this movement,
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์‹œ์žฅ ํ›„๋ณด์ž์ธ ์กฐ์• ๋‚˜ ๋น„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฐ์€ ์ด ์šด๋™์˜ ๋Œ€ํ‘œ์ž์ธ ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด,
00:23
while the other, Stannis Quo, staunchly opposes it.
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์Šคํƒœ๋‹ˆ์Šค ์ฟผ๋Š” ์™„๊ฐ•ํžˆ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:27
Heโ€™s announced heโ€™ll use whatever tactics are necessary to win the election.
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์ฟผ๋Š” ์„ ๊ฑฐ์—์„œ ์Šน๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์–ด๋– ํ•œ ์ „๋žต์ด๋“  ๋ถˆ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฐœํ‘œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:32
As the municipal cybersecurity expert, youโ€™re on high alert.
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์‹œ์˜ ์‚ฌ์ด๋ฒ„ ๋ณด์•ˆ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋กœ์„œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ „๋ฉด ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„ ํƒœ์„ธ์— ๋Œ์ž…ํ•ด์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:37
Election day is near and you suspect that Quo
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์„ ๊ฑฐ์ผ์ด ๋‹ค๊ฐ€์˜ค์ž, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ฟผ๊ฐ€ ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์œ ๋ฆฌํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
00:40
will begin pushing false information to swing the election in his favor.
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๊ฑฐ์ง“ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ํผ๋œจ๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•  ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ์˜์‹ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:45
Your job is to inoculate the townspeople against false information
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์ž„๋ฌด๋Š” ์„ ๊ฑฐ ์ด์ „์— ์ฃผ๋ฏผ๋“ค์„ ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ์ •๋ณด๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฏธ๋ฆฌ ๊ตฌํ•ด๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:49
before the election.
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00:51
One of the most effective ways to tackle disinformation
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ํ—ˆ์œ„์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”
00:54
is to encourage people to think about the strategies
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋กœ ํ•˜์—ฌ๊ธˆ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์œ ํฌํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์ „๋žต์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด๋„๋ก ๊ฒฉ๋ คํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:57
used by those who create and spread it.
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01:00
This might seem counter-intuitiveโ€” and potentially dangerousโ€”
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์ด๋Š” ๋ฐ˜์ง๊ด€์ ์ด๋ฉฐ ์ž ์žฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ„ํ—˜ํ•ด ๋ณด์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋‚˜
01:04
but as long as you donโ€™t create a โ€œhow-to manual,โ€
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โ€œ๋Œ€์ฒ˜ ๋งค๋‰ด์–ผโ€œ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด
01:07
active inoculation is an effective option.
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์ ๊ทน์ ์ธ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ์ด ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:10
A study conducted in 2019 used an online game to train people
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2019๋…„ ์‹ค์‹œ๋œ ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ๊ฒŒ์ž„์„ ํ†ตํ•ด
01:15
to think like a disinformation producer.
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(ํŠน์ •์ธ์„) ํ—ˆ์œ„์ •๋ณด ์œ ํฌ์ž๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋„๋ก ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ํ›ˆ๋ จ์‹œ์ผฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:18
When the participants were next shown the disinformation,
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์ฐธ๊ฐ€์ž๋“ค์ด ์ดํ›„์— ํ—ˆ์œ„์ •๋ณด์ž„์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ
01:21
their perception of its reliability dropped significantly.
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๊ทธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ฐธ๊ฐ€์ž๋“ค์˜ ์ •๋ณด ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋„๊ฐ€ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฝํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:26
But before you can teach your own townspeople,
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ๋งˆ์„์˜ ์ฃผ๋ฏผ๋“ค์„ ๊นจ์šฐ์น  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ์ „์—
01:28
you need to figure it out for yourself.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋จผ์ € ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ๊นจ์šฐ์ณ์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:31
What strategies would you employ if you were Stannis Quo?
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์Šคํƒœ๋‹ˆ์Šค ์ฟผ์˜€๋‹ค๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ค ์ „๋žต์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฑด๊ฐ€์š”?
01:36
In order to launch a successful disinformation campaign,
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์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์ธ ํ—ˆ์œ„์ •๋ณด ์œ ํฌ ์บ ํŽ˜์ธ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด
01:39
you must use evocative, and convincing content that will spread quickly
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๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ํผ์ง€๋ฉฐ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์„ ์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์ž๊พธ ์ƒ๊ฐ๋‚˜๋ฉด์„œ๋„
์„ค๋“๋ ฅ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:44
and create confusion.
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01:46
Itโ€™ll also help to take advantage of confirmation bias.
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ํ™•์ฆ ํŽธํ–ฅ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๊ฒ ์ฃ .
์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ง๊ด€์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ž์‹ ๋“ค์˜ ๊ด€์ ์— ๋ถ€ํ•ฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๋ฏฟ๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:50
People are intuitively more inclined to believe information
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01:53
that supports a worldview they already have.
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01:56
Many young voters in your town are in favor
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ๋งˆ์„์˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์ Š์€ ์œ ๊ถŒ์ž๋“ค์€
01:59
of transitioning to renewable energy and sympathize with Greene.
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์žฌ์ƒ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋กœ์˜ ์ „ํ™˜์— ์ฐฌ์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋ฆฐ์”จ์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์— ๊ณต๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:03
Rather than trying to change their minds,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค
02:05
Quo will likely focus on suppressing the youth vote.
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์ฟผ๋Š” ์ฒญ๋…„๋“ค์˜ ํˆฌํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์–ต์••ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:09
If you were him, how would you start?
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ฟผ๋ผ๋ฉด, ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•  ๊ฑด๊ฐ€์š”?
02:12
You might create fake user accounts to spread disinformation
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์ธ๊ธฐ์žˆ๋Š” ์†Œ์…œ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด์— ํ—ˆ์œ„ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ํผ๋œจ๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์งœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž ๊ณ„์ •์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:16
on popular social media platforms.
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02:18
You could even make one that impersonates a trusted figure.
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋ฐ›๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅํ•œ ๊ณ„์ •์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:22
From these accounts, you can deliver highly shareable, engaging visual content,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค๊ฐ€์˜ฌ ์„ ๊ฑฐ์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ๋ฐˆ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‰ฝ๊ณ 
๋งค๋ ฅ์ ์ธ ์‹œ๊ฐ ์ฝ˜ํ…์ธ ๋ฅผ ํผ๋œจ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:28
like memes relating to the imminent election.
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02:31
Thatโ€™s how you would like to go about spreading disinformation,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์•„๋งˆ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ํ—ˆ์œ„์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์œ ํฌํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:35
but what kind of disinformation would be effective
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์–ด๋–ค ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ํ—ˆ์œ„์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
02:39
in manipulating young Greene supporters?
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02:42
First, you could direct people to vote via text, a webpage, or an app,
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๋จผ์ €, ํˆฌํ‘œ ๋ฐฉ์‹, ๊ฐ€๋ น ๋ฌธ์ž๋‚˜ ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ๋˜๋Š”
์–ดํ”Œ๋กœ ํˆฌํ‘œํ•˜๋„๋ก ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์œ ๋„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:48
none of which are viable voting platforms in your town.
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02:51
The claim isnโ€™t too far-fetched.
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์ด ์ฃผ์žฅ์€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿด์‹ธํ•ด ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:53
An encrypted digital platform could actually seem safer to young people
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์ „ํ†ต์ ์ธ ํˆฌํ‘œ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ์•”ํ˜ธํ™”๋œ ๋””์ง€ํ„ธ ํ”Œ๋žซํผ์ด ์ Š์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“คํ•œํ…Œ๋Š” ์˜คํžˆ๋ ค ๋” ์•ˆ์ „ํ•ด ๋ณด์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:58
than the traditional ballot system.
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03:00
Perhaps you could also tell them that the voting day
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๋˜, ํˆฌํ‘œ์ผ์ด ์‹ค์ œ ๋‚ ์งœ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ•˜๋ฃจ ๋’ค๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ฃ .
03:02
is one day after it actually is.
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03:05
You could then pair this approach with a more emotion-driven one.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ์ ‘๊ทผ๋ฒ•์„ ์ข€ ๋” ๊ฐ์ •์— ํ˜ธ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์—ฎ์–ด๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:09
How about vilifying Greene and appealing to the young votersโ€™ values?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฐ์„ ๋น„๋ฐฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์ Š์€ ์œ ๊ถŒ์ž๋“ค์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜์— ํ˜ธ์†Œํ•ด๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ์š”?
03:14
You want to share information that taps into peopleโ€™s sense of civic duty
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์‹œ๋ฏผ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ์˜๋ฌด๊ฐ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ฃผ๋Š” ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๊ณ 
03:18
and makes them feel that the election depends on their sharing it
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ด ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ํ•œ ๋„๋ฆฌ ํผ๋œจ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
03:22
as widely as possible.
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์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์ขŒ์ง€์šฐ์ง€ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:24
Your fake accounts could circulate false accusations that Greene takes money
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๊ฐ€์งœ ๊ณ„์ •๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋ฆฐ์ด ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ๋ถ€ํŒจํ•œ ์žฌ์ƒ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๊ธฐ๊ด€์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
03:29
from local, somehow corrupt renewable energy facilities;
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๋ˆ์„ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๋‹ค๋“ ์ง€, ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€ํ•˜ ์ง์›๋“ค์„ ๋ง‰ ๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์žฌ๋ฏธ๋กœ
03:34
treats her staff poorly; or abuses stray kittens for fun.
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๊ธธ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋ฅผ ํ•™๋Œ€ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋“ฑ์˜ ๊ฑฐ์ง“ ํ˜์˜๋ฅผ ํผ๋œจ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:38
These inflammatory claims could lead people to question
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์„ ๋™์ ์ธ ์ฃผ์žฅ๋“ค์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋กœ ํ•˜์—ฌ๊ธˆ ๋ฆฌ๋”๋กœ์„œ ๊ทธ๋ฆฐ์˜ ์ง„์‹ค์„ฑ์„
03:41
Greeneโ€™s integrity as a leader and even initiate further conspiracy theories.
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์˜์‹ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด๋Š” ์Œ๋ชจ๋ก ์„ ์ œ๊ธฐํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:47
After youโ€™ve introduced these disinformation campaigns,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ํ—ˆ์œ„์ •๋ณด ์บ ํŽ˜์ธ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•œ ํ›„์—, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๊ฐ€์งœ ๊ณ„์ •๋“ค์€
03:50
your fake users should keep repeating them so they stick in peopleโ€™s minds.
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๊ฑฐ์ง“์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ๋‡Œ๋ฆฌ์— ๋ฐ•ํžˆ๋„๋ก ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:55
Finally, media coverage would further spread your claims
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ, ์–ธ๋ก  ๋ณด๋„๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์ฃผ์žฅ์„ ๋”์šฑ ์ „ํŒŒ์‹œํ‚ฌ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ 
03:59
and give them perceived legitimacy.
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๊ฑฐ์ง“์ •๋ณด์— ์ธ์‹๋œ ํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ์„ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:01
You could message a few local journalists
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ช‡๋ช‡ ์ง€์—ญ ๊ธฐ์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ด ๋ฃจ๋จธ๋“ค์ด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ธ์ง€ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณด๊ณ 
04:03
asking whether these rumors are true and express your concerns.
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์šฐ๋ ค๋ฅผ ํ‘œํ•˜๋Š” ์ œ๋ณด๋ฅผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:08
By the time an article comes out debunking the rumors,
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๋ฃจ๋จธ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์˜ฌ ๋•Œ ์ฏค์—๋Š”
04:11
peopleโ€™s experiences of the truth will have become so warped
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์ง„์‹ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด๋‚˜๋„ ๋’คํ‹€๋ ค์ ธ
04:15
that convincing them otherwise will be difficult.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ์„ค๋“ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑด ์–ด๋ ค์šธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:19
A disinformation campaign like this would pit citizens against one another
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‹์˜ ํ—ˆ์œ„์ •๋ณด ์บ ํŽ˜์ธ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์„œ๋กœ ๋Œ€์ ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ 
04:23
and exploit their values and fears.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜์™€ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์„ ์•…์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:26
You can't personally protect each individual from disinformation,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ง์ ‘ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค ๊ฐœ๊ฐœ์ธ์„ ํ—ˆ์œ„์ •๋ณด๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•  ์ˆœ ์—†์ง€๋งŒ
04:30
but you can equip them with the insights you haveโ€”
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๊ฐ€์ง„ ํ†ต์ฐฐ์„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ „ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ 
04:34
and encourage them to pass these tools further along.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ๋”์šฑ ์ „ํŒŒํ•˜๋„๋ก ๊ฒฉ๋ คํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:37
After all, community organizing is what elections often call for.
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๊ณต๋™์ฒด ์กฐ์งํ™”๋Š” ์ข…์ข… ์„ ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ์š”๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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