Ethical dilemma: Should we get rid of mosquitoes? - Talya Hackett

708,732 views ใƒป 2023-01-31

TED-Ed


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Hyeryung Kim ๊ฒ€ํ† : DK Kim
00:07
Because of the pathogens they carry,
0
7420
2127
๋ชจ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์˜ฎ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋ณ‘์›์ฒด ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
00:09
mosquitoes are responsible for more human deaths every year than any other animal,
1
9547
5005
๋งค๋…„ ์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ชฉ์ˆจ์„ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์ด ๋นผ์•—๋Š” ๋™๋ฌผ๋กœ ์†๊ผฝํž™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ธ๊ฐ„๋„ ํฌํ•จํ•ด์„œ ๊ทธ ์–ด๋–ค ๋™๋ฌผ๋ณด๋‹ค ์น˜๋ช…์ ์ด์ฃ .
00:14
including other humans.
2
14677
2044
00:17
But very few of the 3,500 mosquito species
3
17180
3628
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์น˜๋ช…์  ์งˆ๋ณ‘์„ ์˜ฎ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฑด ๋ชจ๊ธฐ 3,500์ข… ์ค‘ ๊ทนํžˆ ์ผ๋ถ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:20
actually transmit deadly diseases to humans.
4
20808
2753
00:23
So what if we could get rid of the most lethal mosquitoes?
5
23644
3879
๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์œ„ํ—˜ํ•œ ๋ชจ๊ธฐ ์ข…์„ ์—†์•จ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ์š”?
00:27
Over the last two decades,
6
27899
1543
์ง€๋‚œ 20๋…„ ๊ฐ„ ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด ์‹คํ—˜ํ•ด ์˜จ
00:29
scientists have begun conducting experiments using engineered technologies
7
29442
4796
โ€œ์œ ์ „์ž ๋“œ๋ผ์ด๋ธŒโ€œ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด๋ก ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:34
called โ€œgene drivesโ€ that could theoretically do just that.
8
34238
4839
00:39
So, should we?
9
39577
1919
๊ทธ๋Ÿผ, ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
00:41
To begin grappling with this question,
10
41871
1919
์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด๋ ค๋ฉด,
00:43
we have to get a sense of how the technology works.
11
43790
2919
๋จผ์ € ์ด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด ์–ด๋–ค ์›๋ฆฌ๋กœ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:47
In the usual process of inheritance,
12
47126
2211
๋ณดํ†ต ์œ ์ „ ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ๋Š”
00:49
the genomes of each parent recombine randomly.
13
49337
3587
๋ถ€๋ชจ์˜ ์œ ์ „์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์ž‘์œ„๋กœ ์žฌ์กฐํ•ฉ๋˜์–ด์„œ
00:53
So their offspring end up with the DNA thatโ€™s a rough 50/50 mix
14
53299
4379
์ž์†์˜ DNA์— ๋Œ€๋žต 50%์”ฉ ์„ž์ด์ฃ .
00:57
from their parents.
15
57678
1335
00:59
But gene drives thwart this process and ensure they're passed on.
16
59263
4713
์œ ์ „์ž ๋“œ๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ๋Š” ์ด ๊ณผ์ •์„ ๋น„ํ‹€์–ด ์ž์‹ ์ด ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ์œ ์ „๋˜๋„๋ก ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:04
Gene drives are found in nature but,
17
64852
2336
์ด๋Ÿฐ ํ˜„์ƒ์€ ์ž์—ฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
01:07
using new gene-editing technology,
18
67188
2377
๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์œ ์ „์ž ํŽธ์ง‘ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋กœ
01:09
scientists have also begun engineering them in contained labs.
19
69565
3879
์‹คํ—˜์‹ค์—์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
01:13
For example, in a 2018 study,
20
73736
2961
์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด 2018๋…„์— ํ•œ ์‹คํ—˜์—์„œ๋Š”
01:16
researchers injected a gene drive into mosquito eggs
21
76697
3754
์—ฐ๊ตฌ์›๋“ค์ด ๋ชจ๊ธฐ ์•Œ์— ์œ ์ „์ž ๋“œ๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์ž…ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
01:20
that made females sterile when they had two copies of the modified gene.
22
80451
4713
์•”์ปท ๋ชจ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ณ€ํ˜•๋œ ์œ ์ „์ž ํ•œ ์Œ์„ ๋ฐ›์œผ๋ฉด ๋ถˆ์ž„์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:25
Such a modification would usually disappear quickly.
23
85665
2919
๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์กฐ์ž‘์€ ๋Œ€๊ฐœ ๊ณง ์‚ฌ๋ผ์ง€์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ์กฐ์ž‘์€ ๊ณ„์† ํผ์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:28
But it spread.
24
88709
1669
01:30
The modified mosquitoes passed the gene drive onto some of their offspring.
25
90711
3879
์กฐ์ž‘๋œ ๋ชจ๊ธฐ์˜ ์ž์† ์ผ๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์œ ์ „์ž ๋“œ๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ๋ฅผ ๋ฌผ๋ ค๋ฐ›์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:35
The gene drive, which they inherited on one chromosome,
26
95091
2919
์—ผ์ƒ‰์ฒด ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์œ ์ „๋œ ์œ ์ „์ž ๋“œ๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ๋Š”
01:38
copied itself onto the other chromosome in the offspringโ€™s sperm and egg cells,
27
98010
4505
์ž์†์˜ ์ •์ž์™€ ๋‚œ์ž์—์„œ ์Œ์„ ์ด๋ฃจ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์—ผ์ƒ‰์ฒด๋กœ ๋ณต์ œ๋˜๋ฏ€๋กœ
01:42
ensuring it was passed on to their offspring,
28
102765
2378
์ž์†์ด ์–ด๋–ค ์—ผ์ƒ‰์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๋“  ์ƒ๊ด€์—†์ด ๊ณ„์† ์œ ์ „๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:45
regardless of which chromosome they received.
29
105268
2794
01:48
This process repeated as all males that carried the gene
30
108646
3212
์ด ์œ ์ „์ž๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์ˆ˜์ปท๊ณผ
01:51
and all females that had one copy of it, continued reproducing,
31
111858
3670
๋ณต์ œ๋ณธ ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์•”์ปท์ด ๋งŒ๋‚  ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค
01:55
spreading the gene drive.
32
115736
1627
์ด ๊ณผ์ •์ด ๋ฐ˜๋ณต๋˜๊ณ  ์œ ์ „์ž ๋“œ๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ๊ฐ€ ํผ์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:57
As they did, they produced more females that had two copies of the geneโ€”
33
117572
3962
๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋ณต์ œ๋ณธ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•„์„œ ๋ถˆ์ž„์ด ๋œ ์•”์ปท์ด ์ ์  ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚˜์ฃ .
02:01
and would therefore sterile.
34
121534
2002
02:03
With a near 100% inheritance rate, the gene spread through the population
35
123786
5214
100%์— ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ์œ ์ „๋ฅ ๋กœ ์œ ์ „์ž ๋“œ๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ๊ฐ€ ์ง‘๋‹จ์— ํผ์ง€๊ณ 
02:09
and within 12 generations almost all females were sterile,
36
129000
4504
12์„ธ๋Œ€ ์•ˆ์— ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์•”์ปท์ด ๋ถˆ์ž„์ด ๋˜์–ด ๊ทธ ์ข…์€ ์‚ฌ๋ผ์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:13
and the populations crashed.
37
133504
2086
02:16
In 2020, the same team achieved a similar result
38
136757
3379
2020๋…„, ๊ฐ™์€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํŒ€์ด ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ์ผ์„ ํ•ด๋ƒˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
02:20
with a gene drive that made populations male-only.
39
140136
3253
์œ ์ „์ž ๋“œ๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ์ง‘๋‹จ์— ์ˆ˜์ปท๋งŒ ๋‚จ๊ฒŒ ํ•œ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
02:24
Gene drives have proven powerful in the lab.
40
144473
2461
์œ ์ „์ž ๋“œ๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ๋Š” ์‹คํ—˜์‹ค์—์„œ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์ž…์ฆ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:27
So, implementing them in the wild is a big decisionโ€”
41
147185
2919
๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์•ผ์ƒ์— ์ ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‹ ์ค‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:30
one thatโ€™s being considered because of how the fight
42
150396
2461
๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ์ •์œผ๋กœ ๋ชจ๊ธฐ ๋งค๊ฐœ ์งˆ๋ณ‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋Œ€์ฒ˜ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์ด ๊ฒฐ์ •๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:32
against mosquito-borne diseases is going.
43
152857
2502
02:36
Existing mosquito control measures, like insecticide-treated bed nets,
44
156068
4421
โ€˜์‚ด์ถฉ์ œ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๊ธฐ์žฅโ€™์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ชจ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ง‰๋Š” ๊ธฐ์กด ์ˆ˜๋‹จ๋“ค์€
02:40
helped reduce the number of deaths from malaria,
45
160489
3003
๋ง๋ผ๋ฆฌ์•„ ์‚ฌ๋ง์ž ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ค„์ด๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:43
the deadliest mosquito-borne disease, between 2000 and 2019.
46
163492
4797
๋ง๋ผ๋ฆฌ์•„๋Š” 2000๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 2019๋…„๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์น˜๋ช…์ ์ธ ๋ชจ๊ธฐ ๋งค๊ฐœ ์งˆ๋ณ‘์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
02:48
But fatalities have begun rising again.
47
168289
2377
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ง๋ผ๋ฆฌ์•„ ์‚ฌ๋ง๋ฅ ์€ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋†’์•„์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:51
Many mosquitoes have developed insecticide resistanceโ€”
48
171417
3003
๋งŽ์€ ๋ชจ๊ธฐ๋“ค์ด ์‚ด์ถฉ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ €ํ•ญ์„ฑ์„ ์–ป์—ˆ๊ณ 
02:54
and insecticides kill more than just mosquitoes.
49
174420
3045
๋ชจ๊ธฐ ์ด์™ธ์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ƒ๋ฌผ๋„ ์‚ด์ถฉ์ œ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋งŽ์ด ์ฃฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:58
In addition to the first-ever malaria vaccine,
50
178257
2586
2021๋…„ 10์›”์— ์‚ฌ์ƒ ์ตœ์ดˆ๋กœ ์Šน์ธ๋œ ๋ง๋ผ๋ฆฌ์•„ ๋ฐฑ์‹ ์— ๋”ํ•ด์„œ
03:00
approved in October of 2021,
51
180843
2252
03:03
many see promise in gene drives.
52
183179
2586
์œ ์ „์ž ๋“œ๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ์—์„œ ํฌ๋ง์„ ๋ณด๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:05
Experts are researching what it would look like to specifically target
53
185848
3379
์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ์ด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์น˜๋ช…์ ์ธ ํŠน์ • ๋ชจ๊ธฐ๋งŒ ๋ฐ•๋ฉธํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:09
the deadliest mosquito populations with this technology.
54
189227
3294
03:12
Like Anopheles gambiae, for instance:
55
192521
2670
์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๊ฐ๋น„์•„ ํ•™์งˆ๋ชจ๊ธฐ๋Š”
03:15
the species overwhelmingly responsible for spreading malaria in Equatorial Africa,
56
195191
4921
์ ๋„์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ๋ง๋ผ๋ฆฌ์•„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์ด ์ „ํŒŒํ•˜๋Š” ์ข…์ด๋ฉฐ,
03:20
which experiences the vast majority of mosquito-related fatalities.
57
200112
4296
์ด๊ณณ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ์ข… ๋ชจ๊ธฐ ๋งค๊ฐœ ์งˆ๋ณ‘์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:24
The idea is that, when a gene-drive-affected population
58
204533
3295
๋งŒ์•ฝ ์œ ์ „์ž ๋“œ๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ๋กœ ์ด ๋ชจ๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ฐœ์ฒด์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ์ค„์–ด๋“ ๋‹ค๋ฉด
03:27
of Anopheles gambiae drops low enough,
59
207828
2420
03:30
it would break the malaria transmission cycle.
60
210248
2711
๋ง๋ผ๋ฆฌ์•„ ์ „ํŒŒ ๊ฒฝ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋Š์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:33
But before gene drive mosquitoes are actually released into the wild,
61
213626
3587
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์œ ์ „์ž ๋“œ๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ ๋ชจ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์•ผ์ƒ์— ํ’€์–ด๋†“๊ธฐ ์ „์—
03:37
some big questions need answers.
62
217213
2502
์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ค‘๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:39
Like, could gene drives cross into and cause the collapse of non-target species?
63
219966
5255
์œ ์ „์ž ๋“œ๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ชจ๊ธฐ ์ข…์— ํผ์ ธ์„œ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ฃผ์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์„๊นŒ์š”?
03:45
It doesnโ€™t seem that many mosquito species interbreed,
64
225304
3462
๋ชจ๊ธฐ ์ข… ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ข…๊ณผ ๊ต๋ฐฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„์„œ
03:48
making this unlikely,
65
228766
1502
์ด๋Ÿด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์€ ํฌ๋ฐ•ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ํ™•์‹ ์„ ์–ป๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:50
but scientists are conducting research to be certain.
66
230268
2919
03:53
And how might a mosquito populationโ€™s collapse affect ecosystems?
67
233729
4588
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ชจ๊ธฐ ๊ฐœ์ฒด์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์ค„์–ด๋“ค๋ฉด ์ƒํƒœ๊ณ„์—๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น ๊นŒ์š”?
03:58
One team is examining the feces and stomach contents
68
238776
2878
ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํŒ€์ด ๊ฐ€๋‚˜์—์„œ ์‹์ถฉ ๋™๋ฌผ์˜ ๋ฐฐ์„ค๋ฌผ๊ณผ ์œ„ ๋‚ด์šฉ๋ฌผ์„ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
04:01
of insectivores in Ghana to gauge the role of Anopheles gambiae in local food webs.
69
241654
5464
๊ฐ๋น„์•„ ํ•™์งˆ๋ชจ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ด ์ง€์—ญ ๋จน์ด ๊ทธ๋ฌผ์— ์–ด๋–ค ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ฃผ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ณด๋ ค๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
04:07
And researchers are investigating
70
247285
1668
์—ฐ๊ตฌ์›๋“ค์€ ์ธ์œ„์ ์ธ ๊ฐœ์ฒด์ˆ˜ ๊ฐ์†Œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ณค์ถฉ๋“ค์ด ์œ„ํ˜‘์„ ๋ฐ›๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
04:08
whether suppressing populations could make other insects more vulnerable
71
248953
3587
04:12
or leave a niche open that a harmful species could occupy.
72
252540
3336
๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•ด๋กœ์šด ์ข…๋“ค์ด ์ฆ์‹ํ•  ํ‹ˆ์ด ์ƒ๊ธฐ์ง€๋Š” ์•Š๋Š”์ง€ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
[์ด์ง‘ํŠธ์ˆฒ๋ชจ๊ธฐ, ํ‘ธ๋„ค์Šคํ„ฐ์Šค ํ•™์งˆ๋ชจ๊ธฐ, ๋นจ๊ฐ„์ง‘๋ชจ๊ธฐ]
04:16
Scientists are also exploring alternatives to population collapse,
73
256585
3921
๋˜ํ•œ ๊ฐœ์ฒด์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ค„์ด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋Œ€์•ˆ๋„ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:20
like gene drives that instead make mosquitoes resistant
74
260798
3253
๊ฐ€๋ น, ์œ ์ „์ž ๋“œ๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ๊ธฐ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ง๋ผ๋ฆฌ์•„ ๊ธฐ์ƒ์ถฉ ์ €ํ•ญ๋ ฅ์„ ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:24
to the malaria parasite.
75
264051
1710
04:25
And others are developing countermeasures to reverse
76
265928
2711
ํ•„์š”ํ•  ๋•Œ ์œ ์ „์ž ๋“œ๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋’ค์ง‘์„ ๋Œ€์ฑ…๋„ ๋งˆ๋ จํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:28
the effects of gene drives if needed.
77
268639
2252
04:31
Meanwhile, some people have called for gene drive research to halt
78
271517
3879
ํ•œํŽธ ์œ ์ „์ž ๋“œ๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ์˜ ๋ถ€์ž‘์šฉ์„ ์šฐ๋ คํ•˜์—ฌ
04:35
out of concern for the possible consequences.
79
275396
2502
์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฉˆ์ถฐ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๊ฒฌ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:38
This raises another question: who should decide whether to release gene drives?
80
278149
5172
์ด์™€ ๊ด€๋ จํ•ด์„œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋” ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์œ ์ „์ž ๋“œ๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ ์‹คํ–‰ ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
04:43
Itโ€™s essential that communities, scientists, regulators,
81
283529
3337
๋ชจ๊ธฐ ๋งค๊ฐœ ์งˆ๋ณ‘์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ณ ํ†ต๋ฐ›๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ผ์˜
04:46
and governments of the countries most affected by mosquito-borne diseases
82
286866
4045
์ง€์—ญ ์‚ฌํšŒ, ๊ณผํ•™์ž, ๊ทœ์ œ ๊ธฐ๊ด€ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€
04:50
be highly involved in the research and decision-making processes.
83
290911
3754
์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒฐ์ •๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ณผ์ •์— ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:55
Conversations are currently underway at all levels
84
295333
2585
์ด ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ถ„์•ผ์˜ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ์ฒด๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•˜๊ณ 
04:57
to establish a system to manage this new area of researchโ€”
85
297918
3838
์ด์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์œค๋ฆฌ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
05:01
and the ethical questions it carries.
86
301756
2752
๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฉด์—์„œ ๋…ผ์˜๊ฐ€ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7