Prepositions of PLACE 👉 IN / ON / AT / BY 👈 Common English Grammar Mistakes

Zdravo!Ovo je Ema sa mmmEnglish,

Hello! This is Emma from mmmEnglish,

back with another lesson

vratila sam se sa jos jednom lekcijom

on the mmEnglish Youtube channel.

na mmmEnglish jutjub kanalu.

Now in English, we say

Sad na Engleskom,kazemo

"The school is on Bay Street."

Ova skola je na Plaznoj Ulici

Not "The school is at Bay Street."

Ne"Skola je u Plaznoj Ulici".

"They live at 10 Park Road."

Oni zive na 10 Park Ulici."

Not "She lives in 10 Park Road."

Ne"Ona zivi u 10 Park Ulici."

"The museum is in the city."

"Muzej je u gradu".

Not "The museum is on the city."

Ne"Muzej je na gradu."

"I live at 300 King Street,

Ja zivim na 300 Kraljevskoj Ulici,

in an apartment, on the fourth floor."

u jednom stanu,na cetvrtom spratu."

These little words can cause lots of headaches

Ove sicusne reci mogu prouzrokovati mnoge glavobolje

if English is not your first language.

Ako engleski nije tvoj prvi jezik.

They're called prepositions

One se zovu predlozi

and there are lots of them in English.

i ima mnogo njih u engleskom

In, on, at,

U,na,(na,u,pri,kod)

by, with, for,

pored,sa,za

over, under,

preko,ispod,

of, to.

na,pri

They all help to give information about the time,

Svi oni pomazu pri davanju informacije o vremenu,

location or direction in your English sentences.

mestu ili pravcu u vasim recenicama na engleskom

in, on, at

u,na,(u,na)

and by

i pored

In this lesson,

u ovoj lekciji

we'll take a closer look at these

usredsredicemo se na ove

small but very common,

male ali veoma ceste

very useful English words.

veoma korisne engleske reci

And we'll concentrate on how you can use them

i koncentrisacemo se na to kako ih mozete koristiti

to give information about

dati informaciju o

the place or location of something.

mestu ili lokaciji necega.

Now, the bad news is

Sada lose vesti su

that there's no clear

da nema jasnog

way of knowing which preposition you need to use.

nacina znati koje predloge treba koristiti

In fact,

U stvari,

different prepositions can be used with the same words

razliciti predlozi se mogu koristiti sa istim recima

but this can change the meaning of

ali ovo moze promeniti znacenje

your sentence.

vase recenice.

Am I at the car?

Jesam li kod auta?

At the location of the car?

Kod lokacije auta?

Am I in the car?

Jesam li u autu?

Or am I on the car?

Ili jesam li na autu?

All of these sentences are okay

Sve ove recenice su okej

but the meaning is different in each question.

ali znacenje je razlicito za svako pitanje.

Most of the time,

Vecinu vremena,

you can't just guess the correct preposition.

ne mozes tek tako pogoditi odgovarajuci predlog.

It's not really a good strategy

To nije bas dobra strategija

to improve your English

da poboljsas svoj engleski

- unless you're a really lucky person!

osim ako si veoma srecna osoba!

The worst way to try and learn prepositions

Najgori nacin ta pokusas i ucis predloge

is to translate them from your native language.

je da ih prevedes na svoj nacionalni jezik.

This can cause lots of problems.

Ovo moze prouzrokovati mnoge probleme.

Prepositions must be learned in chunks of words

Predlozi se moraju uciti u delovima reci

or called collocations.

ili zvanim kolokacijama

Groups of words that are often used together.

Grupe reci koje se cesto koriste zajedno.

Like, "In the morning."

Kao"Ujutru"

"At night."

"Uvece"

"It depends on... (something)"

Zavisi od...(necega)

"He's keen on football."

On je vest u fudbalu.

Learning this way will help you to make

Ucenje na ovaj nacin ce vam pomoci da napravite

fewer mistakes with prepositions.

nekoliko gresaka sa predlozima.

Instead,

Umesto toga

pay attention to how native speakers

obratite paznju kako nacionalni govornici

use these prepositions.

koriste ove predloge.

How are they used in the newspaper articles

Kako se koriste u novinskim clancima

that you read or stories?

koje vitas ili price?

What words are they used with?

Sa kojim recima se koriste?

And pay close attention to the general rules

I obratite paznju na opsta pravila

that I'll teach you in this lesson,

kojim cu vas nauciti u ovoj lekciji,

so that you can make

da bi mogli napraviti

the right choices

prave izbore

when choosing prepositions of place.

kada biraju predloge mesta.

Let's get started with

Hajde da pocnemo sa

"in"

"u"

Now the best way to think about the preposition, "in"

E, sada najbolji nacin da razmisljate o predlogu,"u"

is being within something

je biti u necemu

inside the edges of something.

u uglovima necega

So let's start really simply with containers or spaces

Dakle,hajmo poceti jednostavno sa posudama ili prostorima

that are enclosed.

koji su ogradjeni.

I've got the key in my pocket.

Imam kljuc u dzepu.

There's some milk in the fridge.

Ima mleka u frizideru.

She left it in the top drawer.

Ostavila je to u fioci na vrhu.

There's nothing left in my cup.

Nema nicega u mojoj solji

Now, it's easy to think about all of these examples

Sada je lako misliti o svim ovim primerima

as being inside something

kao biti unutar necega

because the edges are really clear.

jer su uglovi veoma jasni

You can see inside them.

Mozes gledati unutar njih.

There's a clear inside and an outside.

Cisto je unutra i napolju.

Right?

Jel da?

Take our earlier example,

Hajde da uzmemo predjasnji primer,

I'm in the car.

Ja sam u autu.

The car has clear edges,

Auto ima jasne ivice,

I'm definitely inside the edges of the car.

Ja sam definitivno u uglovima auta.

We can use "in" with buildings or rooms

Mozemo koristiti u sa gredjevinama ili sobama

and places that can surround a person or an object

i mestima kojim mogu biti okruzeni osoba ili predmet

on all sides.

sa svih strana.

Can you take a seat in the waiting room please?

Mozes li zauzeti sediste u cekaonici, molim?

I've left my bag in your office.

Ostavila sam tasnu u tvojoj kancelariji.

Why don't we have a picnic in the park?

Sto ne bismo imali piknik u parku?

But there are lots of times when you need to

ali ima mnogo puta kada treba da

use this preposition

koristite ove predloge

when the edges are less clear.

kada su ivice manje jasne

So for example,

Dakle,na primer

with areas or regions or cities and towns.

sa podrucijima il gradovima i varosima.

I'm filming this video in Spain.

Ja snimam ovaj video u Spaniji.

I grew up in Melbourne.

Odrasla sam u Melburnu.

Holidaying in France is easy if you speak French!

Odmor u Francuskoj je lak ako znas francuski

Regolisa is a small village in the mountains.

Ragolisa je malo selo u planinama.

We're going for a drive in the country.

Idemo na voznju sirom zemlje.

Lots of people were swimming in the lake.

Mnogo ljudi je plivalo u jezeru.

Now, all of these nouns

Sada,sve ove imenice

have borders or edges,

imaju granice ili ivice

even if they're not really obvious or clear.

iako nisu tako jasne i ocigledne

We can physically be located

Mozemo se fizicki nalaziti

inside the edges of this space.

u ivicama prostora

Now when talking about groups of people,

Sada kada pricamo o grupama ljudi

you can often use "in".

mozes cesto koristiti "u".

She works in the finance team,

Ona radi u timu za finansije,

surrounded by people.

okruzena ljudima.

He got selected to play in the national team.

On je izabran da igra u nacionalnom timu.

But there's an exception for important high-level groups

Ali ima izuzetka za vazne grupe na visokom nivou.

where members are often elected.

Gde su clanovi uvek izabrani.

He's on the board.

On je na dasci.

Or they're on the committee,

Ili oni su na odboru

or on the council.

ili na vecu.

We can also use "in" with liquids and other substances

Mi takodje mozemo koristit "u" sa tecnostima i drugim substancama.

to show what they contain.

da pokazemo sta sadrze.

Careful! There's a lot of chilli in that sauce.

Oprezno!Ima monogo cilija u sosu.

There's too much sugar in soft drinks.

Ima mnogo secera u osvezavajucim picima.

Do you have milk in your coffee?

Imas li mleka u kafi?

Now the preposition "on"

Sada predlog"na"

is used to talk about the position of something

se koristi da pricamo o pozicijama necega

on surfaces

na povrsinama

or things that can be thought-of as surfaces

ili stvarima koje mogu biti ucene kao povrsine

like walls or tables.

kao zidovi i stolovi.

My phone is on the table.

Moj telefon je na stolu.

You can see a painting on the wall behind me.

Mozes videti sliku na zidu iza mene.

We live on the fourth floor of the building.

Mi zivimo na cetvrtom spratu zgrade.

Can you write it on that piece of paper?

Mozes li to napisati na parcetu papira.

He's spilled ice cream on his new jumper!

Prosuo je sladoled po svom novom djemperu!

Now, keep thinking about this idea of

Sada,stani misliti o ovoj ideji

flat surfaces

ravne povrsine

because it includes roads and streets

jer ukljucuje puteve i ulice

and rivers.

i reke.

The supermarket is on the corner of Martin Street.

Taj supermarket je na uglu Martin Ulice.

Nice is on the south coast of France.

Nica je na juznoj obali Francuske

Now the idea of flat surfaces also includes water,

Sada,ideja o ravnim povrsinama takodje ukljucuje vodu,

so rivers, oceans, lakes.

dakle reke,okeani,jezera.

What's that on the water?

Sta je na vodi?

Floating on the water.

Brodi vodom.

We'll take you out on the lake

Izvescemo te na jezero

- in our boat.

-u nasem brodu.

We'll be on the lake, in our boat.

Bicemo na jezeru,u nasem brodu.

Okay, now let's talk about the preposition "at".

Dobro,sad hajde da pricamo o predlogu(na,u)

It's used to talk about specific places or points in space.

Koristi se kada pricamo o specificnim mestima ili tackama u prostoru.

Sarah's still at school.

Sara je jos uvek u skoli.

I'll meet you at the bus stop.

Srescu te na autobuskoj stanici.

Turn left at the traffic light.

Skreni levo ka semaforu.

Now it's also used with public places and shops.

Sada to se takodje koristi sa javnim mestima i prodavnicama

For example,

Na primer,

I studied design at college or school or university.

Ja sam ucio dizajn na koledzu ili u skoli ili na univerzitetu.

Let's meet at the station.

Hajde da se sretnemo na stanici.

We have to stop at the supermarket on the way home.

Treba da stanemo kod supermarketa na putu ka kuci.

There was a crazy guy at the library today.

Bio je jedan lud covek kod biblioteke danas.

We also use it with addresses.

Mi takodje to koristimo sa adresama.

They live at 14 Eagle Road.

Oni zive na 14 Eagle Road

I'll meet you at the corner

Srescu te na uglu

of Beach Street and Park Road.

Beach Streeta i Park Road.

I had a coffee at Helen's house.

Imala sam kafu u Heleninoj kuci.

At her house, right?

U njenoj kuci,jel da?

Careful, not to confuse the preposition with another,

Pazljuvo,da ne pomesate predlog s drugim.

"with".

"sa"

I had a cup of coffee with Helen.

Popila sam soljicu kafe sa Helen.

That means Helen, the person,

To oznacava osobu

not Helen's house.

ne Heleninu kucu.

We can use "at" with events.

Mozemo koristiti"at" sa dogadjajima.

We met at a party.

Sreli smo se na zurci.

He's speaking at a conference later this week.

On govori na konferenviji kasnije ove nedelje.

So in all of these examples,

Dakle u svim ovim primerima,

the preposition "at" is used to talk about

predlog"at" se korist da pricamo o

specific places or points in space.

specificnim mestima u prostoru.

Okay I went through quite a few examples there,

U redu isla sam ovde kroz nekoliko primera,

but let's just stop and review the rules for a minute.

nego hajde da stanemo i pogledamo pravila ponovo ma minut.

"At" is one-dimensional.

At je jednodimenzionalan

Think of a map.

Pomisli na mapu.

When you're looking at a map, you're referring to a

Kada gledas mapu trazis

specific place or position in space.

specificno mesto u prostoru

"On" is more two-dimensional.

Na je vise dvodimenzionalan

You have a flat surface

Imate ravnu povrsinu

and you're referring to the position of

i trazite poziciju

something or someone

nekoga ili necega

in relation to that surface.

u odnosu na tu povrsinu

So you're recognising the space around you

Dakle prepoznajes prostor oko tebe

a little more when you're using that preposition.

malo vise kada koristis predloge.

Now "in" is the sort of

Sada"in" je vrsta

three-dimensional preposition.

trodimenzionalnog predloga.

So when you use it,

Dakle kada ga koristis

you need to think about

treba da mislis o

the position of something

poziciji necega

in relation to what surrounds it.

u odnosu na to sto te okruzuje

Now of course,

Sada naravno,

there are grey areas and many exceptions

ima sivih podrucija i mnogo izuzetaka

that will make you

koji ce uciniti da

scratch your head and wonder, what?!

protrljas svoju glavu i cudis se,sta?!

When you hear that expression, "grey areas"

Kada cujes izraz"grey areas"

it means that something is

to znaci da je nesto

unclear.

nejasno

It's not black and it's not white,

nije ni belo ,ni crno

it's somewhere in the middle

nest izmedju

but we don't know exactly where

ali ne znamo tacno gde

- it's unclear.

-nejasno je

That's a very common expression.

To je veoma cest izraz

Now there are many grey areas for prepositions

Sada ima mnogo sivih podrucija kod predloga

when you're talking about

kada pricas o

the place or the location of something.

mest ili lokaciji necega

It's on the corner.

ro je na uglu

Or it's at the corner.

Ili na uglu.

These two examples mean almost the same thing.

Ova dva primera znace jedno te isto.

The museum is on the south side of the city.

Muzej je na juznoj strani grada.

So this expression, on the south side

Dakle ovaj izraz na juznoj strani

or on the right side

ili na desnoj strani

or on the left side,

ili na levoj strani

it always uses the preposition "on".

uvek koristi predlog "on"

Your seat is on the left side.

Tvoje sediste je na levoj strani.

Now I said before that Nice

Dakle rekla sam pre toga da je Nica

is on the south coast of France

na juznoj obali Francuske

but Nice is also in the south of France.

ali Nica je takodje u Juznoj Francuskoj

Now there is a difference here

Sada imamo razliku ovde

when we're referring to the flat surface

Kada govorimo o ravnoj povrsini

and the region or the area.

i regiji ili podruciju.

So it's that spatial difference.

To je prostorna razlika,dakle.

On the south coast

Na juznoj obali

or in the south of France.

ili na jugu Francuske

It's a little hard to get your head around, right?

Tesko je da se orijentises malo,jel da?

But France is a space that has edges.

Ali Francuska je prostor koji ima ivice.

It's enclosed so we use "in".

Zatvorena je pa koristimo"in"

I'll see you at Melanie's house.

Videcu te u Melaninoj kuci.

So that's the place right?

To je to mesto dakle,jel da?

But I'll meet you in the kitchen.

Ali srescu te u kuhinji.

It's an enclosed room or enclosed space.

To je zatvorena soba ili prostor.

I'll meet you at the corner of Beach Street and Park Road.

Srscu te na uglu Beach Street-a i Park Road-a.

I saw it in the corner of the room.

Videla sam to u uglu sobe.

So that's an enclosed space, right?

Dakle to je zatvoren prostor,jel da?

How about this one?

Sta kazete na ovo?

Write it on the paper

Napisi to na papir.

in your notebook,

u svojoj svesci,

at the top of the page

na vrhu stranice

or in the corner.

u uglu

We say I'm in the car

Kazemo u kolima sam

and I'm on the bus or the train.

i u vozu sam ili autobusu

So there are also times when you can use

Ima puta kada mozes koristiti

two different prepositions

dva razlicita predloga

and the meaning is actually really similar

i znacenje je u stvari veoma slicno

especially between "at" and "on"

posebno izmedju at i on

Sarah's still in school.

Sara je jos uvek u skoli.

Or Sarah is still at school.

Ili Sara je jos uvek u skoli.

Now these sentences mean almost exactly

Recenice u principu znace

the same thing.

istu stvar

"In" school suggests that Sarah is

In school govori da je Sara

inside the school buildings.

unutar skolske zgrade

She's a student, she's learning there.

Ona je ucenik i uci tamo.

"At" suggests that she's at the location of the school

At govori da je na lokaciji skole.

but she could be inside a building or outside

ali moze biti unutar zgrade ili napolju

and she's not necessarily a student either.

i nije nuzno ucenik

She could be a parent visiting the school, for example.

Moze biti roditelj na primer.

I think they're at the beach

Mislim da su na plazi.

Or I think they're on the beach.

Ili mislim da su on the beach

"At the beach" is the place.

At the beach je mesto

"On the beach" means the sand.

On the beach znaci pesak.

But you can't use "in".

Ali ne mozes koristiti in

If you say "in" you need to use

ako kazes in treba da koristis

the water.

vodu

You can be in the water.

Mozes biti u vodi

She's in the sea.

Ona je u moru.

She's in the lake.

Ona je u jezeru.

She's in the water.

U vodi je.

One more two-lettered preposition

Jos dvoslovnih predloga

to add to this lesson about place

da dodamo ovoj lekciji o mestu

is "by".

je by

I'm waiting by the car.

Cekam pored auta

Put your bag by the door and sit down.

Ostavi torbu pored vrata i sedi

Here, "by" is used to mean

Ovde se by koristi da oznaci

next to something or beside or near.

pored necega ili u blizini ili do

These are all prepositions that give us detail

Ovde su svi predlozi koji nam obrazlazu detalje

about the location of something.

o lokaciji necega

They live near the school.

Oni zive u blizini skole

They live next to the school.

Zive pored skole

They live by the school.

Zive pored skole

So there are definitely a few

Ima definitivno nekoliko

confusing things about prepositions, right?

zbbunjujucih stvari o predlozima jel da?

To successfully learn to use prepositions really well,

Da uspesno naucis dobro koristiti predloge

learn them with the words around them.

uci ih sa recima oko njih

Don't try and learn them on their own.

Nemoj ih uciti posebno

The general rules that we talked about during

Opsta pravila o kojima smo pricali za vreme

this lesson, will help you to make better choices

ove lekcije pomoci ce ti da napravis bolje izbore

- most of the time!

vecinu vremena

Well I hope this lesson has helped to make a few things

Dakle nadam se da ti je ova lekcija pomogla da shvatis neke stvari

clearer for you.

jasniije

If you've got any questions at all,

Ako imate pitanja u svemu,

just pop them in the comments under this video.

ostavite ih u komentarima ispod videa

If you love this channel and you enjoy my lessons,

ako volite ovaj kanal i uzivate u mojm lekcijama

then please make sure that you subscribe to my channel

onda subskajbujte moj kanal

right here or here.

ovde ili ovde

And check out some of the other lessons

I proverite neke od drugih lekcija

that I've made in these playlists, right here.

koje sam napravila na plejlistama ovde

See you next week

Vidimo se sledece nedelje

and thanks for watching mmmEnglish.

i hvala sto ste gledali mmmEnglish

Bye for now!

Dovidjenja za sad!