Prepositions of PLACE ๐Ÿ‘‰ IN / ON / AT / BY ๐Ÿ‘ˆ Common English Grammar Mistakes

6,440,913 views

2017-10-03 ใƒป mmmEnglish


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Prepositions of PLACE ๐Ÿ‘‰ IN / ON / AT / BY ๐Ÿ‘ˆ Common English Grammar Mistakes

6,440,913 views ใƒป 2017-10-03

mmmEnglish


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:08
Hello! This is Emma from mmmEnglish,
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”! mmEnglish์˜ Emma์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. mmEnglish Youtube ์ฑ„๋„์—์„œ
00:12
back with another lesson
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ˆ˜์—…์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:14
on the mmEnglish Youtube channel.
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.
00:17
Now in English, we say
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์ด์ œ ์˜์–ด๋กœ
00:20
"The school is on Bay Street."
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"The school is on Bay Street"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:24
Not "The school is at Bay Street."
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"ํ•™๊ต๋Š” Bay Street์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:28
"They live at 10 Park Road."
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"๊ทธ๋“ค์€ 10 Park Road์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
00:31
Not "She lives in 10 Park Road."
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"๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” 10 Park Road์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:35
"The museum is in the city."
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"๋ฐ•๋ฌผ๊ด€์€ ๋„์‹œ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
00:38
Not "The museum is on the city."
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"๋ฐ•๋ฌผ๊ด€์€ ๋„์‹œ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:42
"I live at 300 King Street,
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"์ €๋Š” 300 King Street์˜
00:45
in an apartment, on the fourth floor."
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์•„ํŒŒํŠธ 4์ธต์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." ์˜์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ๊ตญ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
00:50
These little words can cause lots of headaches
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์ด ์งง์€ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ๋‘ํ†ต์„ ์œ ๋ฐœํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:54
if English is not your first language.
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.
00:57
They're called prepositions
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋ฉฐ
00:59
and there are lots of them in English.
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์˜์–ด์—๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:02
In, on, at,
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in, on, at,
01:03
by, with, for,
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by, with, for,
01:06
over, under,
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over, under,
01:07
of, to.
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of, to.
01:09
They all help to give information about the time,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์˜์–ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„, ์œ„์น˜ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:14
location or direction in your English sentences.
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.
01:19
in, on, at
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in, on, at
01:22
and by
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and by
01:23
In this lesson,
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์ด๋ฒˆ ๋ ˆ์Šจ์—์„œ
01:24
we'll take a closer look at these
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด
01:27
small but very common,
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์ž‘์ง€๋งŒ ๋งค์šฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ด๊ณ 
01:29
very useful English words.
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๋งค์šฐ ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ์˜์–ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:31
And we'll concentrate on how you can use them
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ
01:34
to give information about
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01:36
the place or location of something.
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์˜ ์žฅ์†Œ๋‚˜ ์œ„์น˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:40
Now, the bad news is
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๋‚˜์œ ์†Œ์‹์€
01:43
that there's no clear
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01:44
way of knowing which preposition you need to use.
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์–ด๋–ค ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:47
In fact,
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์‚ฌ์‹ค
01:48
different prepositions can be used with the same words
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๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹จ์–ด์— ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜
01:52
but this can change the meaning of
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์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋€” ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:54
your sentence.
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.
01:56
Am I at the car?
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ฐจ์— ์žˆ๋‹ˆ?
01:58
At the location of the car?
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์ž๋™์ฐจ ์œ„์น˜์—์„œ?
02:01
Am I in the car?
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ฐจ ์•ˆ์— ์žˆ๋‹ˆ?
02:02
Or am I on the car?
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ฐจ์— ํƒ€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ˆ?
02:05
All of these sentences are okay
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ๋“ค์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์ง€
02:08
but the meaning is different in each question.
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๋งŒ ๊ฐ ์งˆ๋ฌธ๋งˆ๋‹ค ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:12
Most of the time,
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
02:14
you can't just guess the correct preposition.
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์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ธกํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:16
It's not really a good strategy
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02:18
to improve your English
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02:20
- unless you're a really lucky person!
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์ •๋ง ์šด์ด ์ข‹์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ์ด์ƒ ์˜์–ด ์‹ค๋ ฅ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ข‹์€ ์ „๋žต์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
02:24
The worst way to try and learn prepositions
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์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‹œ๋„ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ์ตœ์•…์˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€
02:27
is to translate them from your native language.
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๋ชจ๊ตญ์–ด๋กœ ๋ฒˆ์—ญํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:30
This can cause lots of problems.
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์ด๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:33
Prepositions must be learned in chunks of words
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์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด ๋ฉ์–ด๋ฆฌ
02:38
or called collocations.
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๋˜๋Š” ์—ฐ์–ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฉ์–ด๋ฆฌ๋กœ ํ•™์Šต๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:40
Groups of words that are often used together.
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์ž์ฃผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด ๊ทธ๋ฃน์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:43
Like, "In the morning."
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"์•„์นจ์—"์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ์š”.
02:46
"At night."
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"๋ฐค์—."
02:47
"It depends on... (something)"
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"๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ... (๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€)์— ๋‹ฌ๋ ค ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
02:50
"He's keen on football."
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"๊ทธ๋Š” ์ถ•๊ตฌ์— ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
02:53
Learning this way will help you to make
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋ฉด
02:55
fewer mistakes with prepositions.
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์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋กœ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ค„์ด๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:58
Instead,
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๋Œ€์‹ 
03:00
pay attention to how native speakers
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์›์–ด๋ฏผ์ด
03:03
use these prepositions.
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์šธ์ด์„ธ์š”. ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ฝ๋Š”
03:05
How are they used in the newspaper articles
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์‹ ๋ฌธ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋‚˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ
03:07
that you read or stories?
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?
03:09
What words are they used with?
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์–ด๋–ค ๋‹จ์–ด์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
03:12
And pay close attention to the general rules
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žฅ์†Œ์˜ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•  ๋•Œ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ์„ ํƒ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก
03:15
that I'll teach you in this lesson,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์—์„œ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ ๋“œ๋ฆด ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๊ทœ์น™์— ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์šธ์ด์„ธ์š”
03:17
so that you can make
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03:19
the right choices
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03:20
when choosing prepositions of place.
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.
03:24
Let's get started with
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03:26
"in"
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"in"์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค
03:28
Now the best way to think about the preposition, "in"
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์ „์น˜์‚ฌ "in"์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€
03:32
is being within something
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03:35
inside the edges of something.
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ์ž๋ฆฌ ์•ˆ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ€ํ๋œ
03:38
So let's start really simply with containers or spaces
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์ปจํ…Œ์ด๋„ˆ๋‚˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ •๋ง ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค
03:44
that are enclosed.
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.
03:45
I've got the key in my pocket.
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์ฃผ๋จธ๋‹ˆ์— ์—ด์‡ ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
03:49
There's some milk in the fridge.
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๋ƒ‰์žฅ๊ณ ์— ์šฐ์œ ๊ฐ€ ์ข€ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
03:52
She left it in the top drawer.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งจ ์œ„ ์„œ๋ž์— ๋‘์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:57
There's nothing left in my cup.
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๋‚ด ์ปต์—๋Š” ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋‚จ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€์žฅ์ž๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ง ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
04:00
Now, it's easy to think about all of these examples
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์˜ˆ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์— ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‰ฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:04
as being inside something
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04:06
because the edges are really clear.
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.
04:09
You can see inside them.
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๋‚ด๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:11
There's a clear inside and an outside.
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๋‚ด๋ถ€์™€ ์™ธ๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:14
Right?
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์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ?
04:16
Take our earlier example,
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์ด์ „ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:19
I'm in the car.
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์ €๋Š” ์ฐจ ์•ˆ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:21
The car has clear edges,
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์ฐจ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ์ž๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊นจ๋—ํ•˜๊ณ 
04:24
I'm definitely inside the edges of the car.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ์ฐจ ๊ฐ€์žฅ์ž๋ฆฌ ์•ˆ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ฌผ์ฒด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ๋ฐฉ์œผ๋กœ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์Œ€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
04:28
We can use "in" with buildings or rooms
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๊ฑด๋ฌผ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ฐฉ, ์žฅ์†Œ์— "in"์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:31
and places that can surround a person or an object
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04:35
on all sides.
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.
04:38
Can you take a seat in the waiting room please?
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๋Œ€๊ธฐ์‹ค์— ์•‰์•„ ์ฃผ์‹œ๊ฒ ์–ด์š”?
04:41
I've left my bag in your office.
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๋‚ด ๊ฐ€๋ฐฉ์„ ๋‹น์‹  ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค์— ๋‘๊ณ  ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:45
Why don't we have a picnic in the park?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ณต์›์—์„œ ์†Œํ’ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์•Š์„๋ž˜?
04:49
But there are lots of times when you need to
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
04:51
use this preposition
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04:53
when the edges are less clear.
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๊ฐ€์žฅ์ž๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋œ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•  ๋•Œ ์ด ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๋•Œ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:56
So for example,
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด
04:58
with areas or regions or cities and towns.
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์ง€์—ญ์ด๋‚˜ ์ง€์—ญ ๋˜๋Š” ๋„์‹œ์™€ ๋งˆ์„์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:02
I'm filming this video in Spain.
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์ŠคํŽ˜์ธ์—์„œ ์ด ๋น„๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ ์ดฌ์˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:06
I grew up in Melbourne.
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์ €๋Š” ๋ฉœ๋ฒ„๋ฅธ์—์„œ ์ž๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:09
Holidaying in France is easy if you speak French!
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ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์‚ฌํ•˜๋ฉด ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค์—์„œ ํœด๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ด๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์‰ฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
05:14
Regolisa is a small village in the mountains.
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๋ ˆ๊ณจ๋ฆฌ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์‚ฐ์†์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ž‘์€ ๋งˆ์„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:18
We're going for a drive in the country.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‹œ๊ณจ์—์„œ ๋“œ๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ๋ฅผ ๊ฐˆ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:22
Lots of people were swimming in the lake.
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๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ํ˜ธ์ˆ˜์—์„œ ์ˆ˜์˜์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
05:26
Now, all of these nouns
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์ด์ œ ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ช…์‚ฌ์—๋Š”
05:28
have borders or edges,
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๊ฒฝ๊ณ„์„ ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ์ž๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š”
05:30
even if they're not really obvious or clear.
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๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋”๋ผ๋„ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
05:35
We can physically be located
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ
05:38
inside the edges of this space.
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์ด ๊ณต๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ์ž๋ฆฌ ์•ˆ์ชฝ์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:41
Now when talking about groups of people,
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์ด์ œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ
05:44
you can often use "in".
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"in"์„ ์ž์ฃผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:46
She works in the finance team,
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋กœ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์‹ธ์ธ ์žฌ๋ฌดํŒ€์—์„œ ์ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:49
surrounded by people.
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.
05:52
He got selected to play in the national team.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€ํ‘œํŒ€์—์„œ ๋›ฐ๋„๋ก ์„ ํƒ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:56
But there's an exception for important high-level groups
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์ด ์ž์ฃผ ์„ ์ถœ๋˜๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ณ ์œ„๊ธ‰ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์—๋Š” ์˜ˆ์™ธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:00
where members are often elected.
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.
06:03
He's on the board.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ด์‚ฌํšŒ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:05
Or they're on the committee,
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์œ„์›ํšŒ
06:07
or on the council.
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๋‚˜ ํ‰์˜ํšŒ์— ์†ํ•ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:09
We can also use "in" with liquids and other substances
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ์•ก์ฒด์™€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด "in"์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:14
to show what they contain.
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.
06:17
Careful! There's a lot of chilli in that sauce.
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์ฃผ์˜ ๊นŠ์€! ์ € ์†Œ์Šค์— ๊ณ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์ด ๋“ค์–ด์žˆ์–ด์š”.
06:23
There's too much sugar in soft drinks.
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์ฒญ๋Ÿ‰ ์Œ๋ฃŒ์— ์„คํƒ•์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:27
Do you have milk in your coffee?
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์ปคํ”ผ์— ์šฐ์œ ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
06:30
Now the preposition "on"
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์ด์ œ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ "on"์€ ํ‘œ๋ฉด ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฒฝ์ด๋‚˜ ํ…Œ์ด๋ธ”๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
06:32
is used to talk about the position of something
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์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์˜ ์œ„์น˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:36
on surfaces
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06:38
or things that can be thought-of as surfaces
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06:41
like walls or tables.
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.
06:45
My phone is on the table.
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๋‚ด ์ „ํ™”๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ํƒ์ž ์œ„์— ์žˆ๋‹ค.
06:48
You can see a painting on the wall behind me.
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๋‚ด ๋’ค์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฒฝ์— ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:52
We live on the fourth floor of the building.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฑด๋ฌผ 4์ธต์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:56
Can you write it on that piece of paper?
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๊ทธ ์ข…์ด์— ์จ์ฃผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
07:02
He's spilled ice cream on his new jumper!
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ƒˆ ์ ํผ์— ์•„์ด์Šคํฌ๋ฆผ์„ ์Ÿ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
07:07
Now, keep thinking about this idea of
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์ด์ œ ํ‰ํ‰ํ•œ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ณ„์† ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
07:10
flat surfaces
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07:12
because it includes roads and streets
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋„๋กœ์™€ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ,
07:16
and rivers.
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๊ฐ•์ด ํฌํ•จ๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:18
The supermarket is on the corner of Martin Street.
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์Šˆํผ๋งˆ์ผ“์€ Martin Street ๋ชจํ‰์ด์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:23
Nice is on the south coast of France.
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๋‹ˆ์Šค๋Š” ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค ๋‚จ๋ถ€ ํ•ด์•ˆ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:28
Now the idea of flat surfaces also includes water,
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์ด์ œ ํ‰ํ‰ํ•œ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด์—๋Š” ๋ฌผ๋„ ํฌํ•จ๋˜๋ฏ€๋กœ
07:32
so rivers, oceans, lakes.
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๊ฐ•, ๋ฐ”๋‹ค, ํ˜ธ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ํฌํ•จ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:36
What's that on the water?
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๋ฌผ ์œ„์— ์ €๊ฒŒ ๋ญ์•ผ?
07:39
Floating on the water.
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๋ฌผ ์œ„์— ๋–  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €ํฌ ๋ณดํŠธ๋ฅผ ํƒ€๊ณ 
07:41
We'll take you out on the lake
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ํ˜ธ์ˆ˜๋กœ ๋ฐ๋ ค๋‹ค ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:44
- in our boat.
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.
07:46
We'll be on the lake, in our boat.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ณดํŠธ๋ฅผ ํƒ€๊ณ  ํ˜ธ์ˆ˜์— ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:50
Okay, now let's talk about the preposition "at".
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ์ด์ œ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ "at"์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
07:54
It's used to talk about specific places or points in space.
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๊ณต๊ฐ„์˜ ํŠน์ • ์žฅ์†Œ๋‚˜ ์ง€์ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:00
Sarah's still at school.
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์‚ฌ๋ผ๋Š” ์•„์ง ํ•™๊ต์— ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
08:03
I'll meet you at the bus stop.
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๋ฒ„์Šค ์ •๋ฅ˜์žฅ์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋‚˜์š”.
08:07
Turn left at the traffic light.
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์‹ ํ˜ธ๋“ฑ์—์„œ ์ขŒํšŒ์ „ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
08:10
Now it's also used with public places and shops.
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์ด์ œ๋Š” ๊ณต๊ณต ์žฅ์†Œ์™€ ์ƒ์ ์—์„œ๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:14
For example,
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด,
08:16
I studied design at college or school or university.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ•™์ด๋‚˜ ํ•™๊ต ๋˜๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ ๋””์ž์ธ์„ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:21
Let's meet at the station.
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์—ญ์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋‚˜์ž.
08:24
We have to stop at the supermarket on the way home.
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์ง‘์— ์˜ค๋Š” ๊ธธ์— ์Šˆํผ๋งˆ์ผ“์— ๋“ค๋Ÿฌ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:28
There was a crazy guy at the library today.
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋„์„œ๊ด€์— ๋ฏธ์นœ๋†ˆ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
08:33
We also use it with addresses.
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์ฃผ์†Œ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:36
They live at 14 Eagle Road.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ 14 Eagle Road์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:40
I'll meet you at the corner
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08:42
of Beach Street and Park Road.
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๋น„์น˜์ŠคํŠธ๋ฆฌํŠธ์™€ ํŒŒํฌ๋กœ๋“œ ๋ชจํ‰์ด์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋‚˜์š”.
08:45
I had a coffee at Helen's house.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ํ—ฌ๋ Œ์˜ ์ง‘์—์„œ ์ปคํ”ผ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์…จ๋‹ค.
08:49
At her house, right?
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๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์ง‘์—์„œ, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€?
08:51
Careful, not to confuse the preposition with another,
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์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ "with"์™€ ํ˜ผ๋™ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋„๋ก ์ฃผ์˜ํ•˜์„ธ์š”
08:55
"with".
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.
08:56
I had a cup of coffee with Helen.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ํ—ฌ๋ Œ๊ณผ ์ปคํ”ผ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์…จ๋‹ค.
09:01
That means Helen, the person,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€
09:03
not Helen's house.
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ํ—ฌ๋ Œ์˜ ์ง‘์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ธ ํ—ฌ๋ Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:06
We can use "at" with events.
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์ด๋ฒคํŠธ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ "at"๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:09
We met at a party.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํŒŒํ‹ฐ์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:11
He's speaking at a conference later this week.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ด๋ฒˆ ์ฃผ ๋ง ํšŒ์˜์—์„œ ์—ฐ์„คํ•  ์˜ˆ์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:16
So in all of these examples,
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ์˜ˆ์—์„œ
09:18
the preposition "at" is used to talk about
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์ „์น˜์‚ฌ "at"๋Š”
09:21
specific places or points in space.
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๊ณต๊ฐ„์˜ ํŠน์ • ์žฅ์†Œ๋‚˜ ์ง€์ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:26
Okay I went through quite a few examples there,
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์ข‹์•„, ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๊ฝค ๋งŽ์€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ดค์ง€๋งŒ,
09:29
but let's just stop and review the rules for a minute.
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์ž ์‹œ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๊ณ  ๊ทœ์น™์„ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•ด ๋ณด์ž.
09:34
"At" is one-dimensional.
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"์—์„œ"๋Š” 1์ฐจ์›์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:37
Think of a map.
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์ง€๋„๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
09:38
When you're looking at a map, you're referring to a
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์ง€๋„๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ๋•Œ
09:41
specific place or position in space.
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๊ณต๊ฐ„์˜ ํŠน์ • ์žฅ์†Œ๋‚˜ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:46
"On" is more two-dimensional.
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"์ผœ๊ธฐ"๋Š” ๋ณด๋‹ค 2์ฐจ์›์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:49
You have a flat surface
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ํ‰ํ‰ํ•œ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ 
09:51
and you're referring to the position of
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์žˆ๊ณ 
09:54
something or someone
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09:56
in relation to that surface.
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๊ทธ ํ‘œ๋ฉด๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์˜ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ โ€‹โ€‹์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:00
So you're recognising the space around you
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ
10:03
a little more when you're using that preposition.
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ํ•ด๋‹น ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ ์ฃผ๋ณ€ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ์ธ์‹ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:06
Now "in" is the sort of
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์ด์ œ "in"์€ ์ผ์ข…์˜
10:08
three-dimensional preposition.
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3์ฐจ์› ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:11
So when you use it,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ,
10:12
you need to think about
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๋‹น์‹ ์€
10:14
the position of something
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10:16
in relation to what surrounds it.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์‹ผ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จํ•˜์—ฌ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์˜ ์œ„์น˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:19
Now of course,
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๋ฌผ๋ก , ๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ธ์ ์ด๋ฉฐ ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค
10:21
there are grey areas and many exceptions
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ํšŒ์ƒ‰ ์˜์—ญ๊ณผ ๋งŽ์€ ์˜ˆ์™ธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:24
that will make you
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10:26
scratch your head and wonder, what?!
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10:29
When you hear that expression, "grey areas"
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"ํšŒ์ƒ‰ ์˜์—ญ"์ด๋ผ๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ๋“ค์œผ๋ฉด
10:32
it means that something is
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๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ๋ถˆ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:34
unclear.
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.
10:36
It's not black and it's not white,
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๊ฒ€์€์ƒ‰๋„ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ณ  ํฐ์ƒ‰๋„ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ณ 
10:39
it's somewhere in the middle
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์ค‘๊ฐ„ ์–ด๋”˜๊ฐ€์— ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
10:42
but we don't know exactly where
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์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ์–ด๋””์— ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€๋Š” ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:44
- it's unclear.
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๋ถˆ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:46
That's a very common expression.
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์•„์ฃผ ํ”ํ•œ ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:48
Now there are many grey areas for prepositions
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์ด์ œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์˜ ์žฅ์†Œ๋‚˜ ์œ„์น˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋งŽ์€ ํšŒ์ƒ‰ ์˜์—ญ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:52
when you're talking about
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10:54
the place or the location of something.
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.
10:58
It's on the corner.
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๋ชจํ‰์ด์— ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
11:00
Or it's at the corner.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋ชจํ‰์ด์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:02
These two examples mean almost the same thing.
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์ด ๋‘ ์˜ˆ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:06
The museum is on the south side of the city.
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๋ฐ•๋ฌผ๊ด€์€ ๋„์‹œ์˜ ๋‚จ์ชฝ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:10
So this expression, on the south side
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ํ‘œํ˜„, on the south side
11:13
or on the right side
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or on the right side
11:15
or on the left side,
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or on the left side๋Š”
11:17
it always uses the preposition "on".
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ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ "on"์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:20
Your seat is on the left side.
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๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ขŒ์„์€ ์™ผ์ชฝ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:23
Now I said before that Nice
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์ด์ œ ์ „์— ๋‹ˆ์Šค๊ฐ€
11:26
is on the south coast of France
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ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค ๋‚จ๋ถ€ ํ•ด์•ˆ์—
11:29
but Nice is also in the south of France.
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์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹ˆ์Šค๋„ ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค ๋‚จ๋ถ€์— ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:33
Now there is a difference here
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์ด์ œ
11:35
when we're referring to the flat surface
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ‰ํ‰ํ•œ ํ‘œ๋ฉด
11:39
and the region or the area.
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๊ณผ ์˜์—ญ ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์—ญ์„ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•  ๋•Œ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:42
So it's that spatial difference.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์  ์ฐจ์ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:45
On the south coast
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๋‚จ๋ถ€ ํ•ด์•ˆ
11:47
or in the south of France.
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๋˜๋Š” ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค ๋‚จ๋ถ€.
11:51
It's a little hard to get your head around, right?
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๊ณ ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ๋Œ๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ์–ด๋ ต์ฃ ?
11:54
But France is a space that has edges.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ์ž๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:58
It's enclosed so we use "in".
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๋™๋ด‰๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ "in"์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:01
I'll see you at Melanie's house.
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๋ฉœ๋ผ๋‹ˆ์˜ ์ง‘์—์„œ ๋ต™๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:04
So that's the place right?
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ณณ์ด ๋งž๋‚˜์š”?
12:07
But I'll meet you in the kitchen.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ถ€์—Œ์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋‚˜์ž.
12:10
It's an enclosed room or enclosed space.
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๋ฐ€ํ๋œ ๋ฐฉ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐ€ํ๋œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:15
I'll meet you at the corner of Beach Street and Park Road.
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๋น„์น˜ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฆฌํŠธ์™€ ํŒŒํฌ๋กœ๋“œ ๋ชจํ‰์ด์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋‚˜์š”.
12:20
I saw it in the corner of the room.
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๋ฐฉ ๊ตฌ์„์—์„œ ๋ดค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:24
So that's an enclosed space, right?
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๋ฐ€ํ๋œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด๊ฒ ์ฃ ?
12:28
How about this one?
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์ด๊ฑด ์–ด๋•Œ?
12:29
Write it on the paper
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12:32
in your notebook,
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๊ณต์ฑ…์˜ ์ข…์ด,
12:34
at the top of the page
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ํŽ˜์ด์ง€ ์ƒ๋‹จ
12:36
or in the corner.
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๋˜๋Š” ๋ชจ์„œ๋ฆฌ์— ์ ์œผ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
12:39
We say I'm in the car
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ฐจ ์•ˆ์— ์žˆ๊ณ 
12:41
and I'm on the bus or the train.
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๋ฒ„์Šค๋‚˜ ๊ธฐ์ฐจ์— ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:45
So there are also times when you can use
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ
12:48
two different prepositions
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๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋„ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
12:50
and the meaning is actually really similar
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12:53
especially between "at" and "on"
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ํŠนํžˆ Sarah's still in school์˜ "at"์™€ "on" ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋งค์šฐ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
12:57
Sarah's still in school.
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.
13:01
Or Sarah is still at school.
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๋˜๋Š” Sarah๋Š” ์•„์ง ํ•™๊ต์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:04
Now these sentences mean almost exactly
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์ด์ œ ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ๋“ค์€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ
13:07
the same thing.
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๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:09
"In" school suggests that Sarah is
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"In" ํ•™๊ต๋Š” Sarah๊ฐ€
13:12
inside the school buildings.
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ํ•™๊ต ๊ฑด๋ฌผ ์•ˆ์— ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:15
She's a student, she's learning there.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ํ•™์ƒ์ด๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:18
"At" suggests that she's at the location of the school
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"At"๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ํ•™๊ต ์œ„์น˜์— ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์•”์‹œ
13:22
but she could be inside a building or outside
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ฑด๋ฌผ ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ๋˜๋Š” ์™ธ๋ถ€์— ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜
13:25
and she's not necessarily a student either.
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์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ํ•™์ƒ์ผ ํ•„์š”๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:29
She could be a parent visiting the school, for example.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ํ•™๊ต๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•˜๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ชจ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:33
I think they're at the beach
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ํ•ด๋ณ€์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”
13:36
Or I think they're on the beach.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ํ•ด๋ณ€์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
13:40
"At the beach" is the place.
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"ํ•ด๋ณ€์—์„œ"๋Š” ์žฅ์†Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:43
"On the beach" means the sand.
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"ํ•ด๋ณ€์—์„œ"๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:46
But you can't use "in".
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ "์—์„œ"๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:48
If you say "in" you need to use
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"in"์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฌผ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
13:52
the water.
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.
13:53
You can be in the water.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ฌผ์—์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:55
She's in the sea.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋‹ค์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:57
She's in the lake.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ํ˜ธ์ˆ˜์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:58
She's in the water.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋ฌผ ์†์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:01
One more two-lettered preposition
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14:03
to add to this lesson about place
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์žฅ์†Œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์— ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•  ๋˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๋‘ ๊ธ€์ž ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋Š”
14:07
is "by".
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"by"์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:10
I'm waiting by the car.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ฐจ ์˜†์—์„œ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
14:13
Put your bag by the door and sit down.
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๊ฐ€๋ฐฉ์„ ๋ฌธ ์˜†์— ๋†“๊ณ  ์•‰์œผ์„ธ์š”.
14:16
Here, "by" is used to mean
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ "by"๋Š”
14:19
next to something or beside or near.
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€ ์˜†์—, ์˜†์— ๋˜๋Š” ๊ทผ์ฒ˜๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:24
These are all prepositions that give us detail
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์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๋ชจ๋‘
14:26
about the location of something.
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์˜ ์œ„์น˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์„ธ๋ถ€ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:29
They live near the school.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ•™๊ต ๊ทผ์ฒ˜์— ์‚ฐ๋‹ค.
14:32
They live next to the school.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ•™๊ต ์˜†์— ์‚ฐ๋‹ค.
14:34
They live by the school.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ•™๊ต ์˜†์— ์‚ฐ๋‹ค.
14:37
So there are definitely a few
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ
14:39
confusing things about prepositions, right?
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์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ์ ์ด ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:42
To successfully learn to use prepositions really well,
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์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ •๋ง ์ž˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋ ค๋ฉด
14:47
learn them with the words around them.
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์ฃผ๋ณ€ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
14:50
Don't try and learn them on their own.
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์Šค์Šค๋กœ ์‹œ๋„ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฐฐ์šฐ์ง€ ๋งˆ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…
14:52
The general rules that we talked about during
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์—์„œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๊ทœ์น™์€ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
14:55
this lesson, will help you to make better choices
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๋” ๋‚˜์€ ์„ ํƒ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
14:59
- most of the time!
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!
15:01
Well I hope this lesson has helped to make a few things
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์ด ๊ฐ•์˜๊ฐ€ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์„ ๋” ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
15:04
clearer for you.
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.
15:05
If you've got any questions at all,
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์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
15:07
just pop them in the comments under this video.
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์ด ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์•„๋ž˜์˜ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๋‚จ๊ฒจ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
15:11
If you love this channel and you enjoy my lessons,
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์ด ์ฑ„๋„์„ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ œ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ์ฆ๊ธด๋‹ค๋ฉด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋˜๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ
15:14
then please make sure that you subscribe to my channel
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์ œ ์ฑ„๋„์„ ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜์„ธ์š”
15:18
right here or here.
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.
15:21
And check out some of the other lessons
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
15:23
that I've made in these playlists, right here.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ ๋ชฉ๋ก์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋“  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ตํ›ˆ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
15:27
See you next week
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๋‹ค์Œ ์ฃผ์— ๋ต™๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:29
and thanks for watching mmmEnglish.
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mmmEnglish๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด ์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:31
Bye for now!
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์•ˆ๋…•!
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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