Art that transforms cities into playgrounds of the imagination | Helen Marriage

譯者: Lilian Chiu 審譯者: Zoe Chang

We live in a world increasingly tyrannized by the screen,

我們生活在一個日漸 被螢幕所主宰的世界，

by our phones, by our tablets, by our televisions and our computers.

手機、平板電腦、電視 及電腦充斥於日常生活。

We can have any experience that we want,

我們可以有任何我們想要的體驗，

but feel nothing.

卻什麼也感受不到。

We can have as many friends as we want,

我們要多少朋友就有多少朋友，

but have nobody to shake hands with.

卻沒有一個人可以握手。

I want to take you to a different kind of world,

我想要帶大家到一個不同的世界，

the world of the imagination,

想像力的世界，

where, using this most powerful tool that we have,

在那裡，我們可以用 我們最強大的工具，

we can transform both our physical surroundings,

徹底改變我們的周遭環境，

but in doing so, we can change forever how we feel

與此同時，也將永遠改變我們的感受，

and how we feel about the people that we share the planet with.

以及我們對其他共同存在 這個地球上的人的感覺。

My company, Artichoke, which I cofounded in 2006,

2006 年我與朋友一起 成立了 Artichoke，

was set up to create moments.

公司宗旨是要「創造時刻」。

We all have moments in our lives, and when we're on our deathbeds,

我們一生中充滿各種時刻， 在我們臨終時，

我們記起的不會是每天上班 通勤搭的 38 路公車，

we're not going to remember the daily commute to work

on the number 38 bus

or our struggle to find a parking space every day when we go to the shop.

或是平常去購物時 停車位有多難找。

We're going to remember those moments when our kid took their first step

我們會想到的時刻應該是 我們的孩子踏出第一步，

or when we got picked for the football team

或是我們被選入足球隊，

or when we fell in love.

甚至是我們墜入愛河的那一刻。

So Artichoke exists to create moving, ephemeral moments

Artichoke 的使命 是要創造出精彩動人的時刻，

that transform the physical world using the imagination of the artist

用藝術家的想像力改變現實的世界，

to show us what is possible.

展現各種可能性。

We create beauty amongst ruins.

我們在斷垣殘壁中創造出絢爛美景。

We reexamine our history.

我們重新檢視我們的歷史。

We create moments to which everyone is invited,

我們邀請每一個人，

either to witness or to take part.

來見證或參與我們所創造的時刻。

It all started for me way back in the 1990s,

這一切都開始於九十年代，

when I was appointed as festival director in the tiny British city of Salisbury.

我被派去英國一個很小的城市 索爾茲伯里做節慶總監。

You'll probably have heard of it.

你們可能聽過這個城市。

Here's the Salisbury Cathedral, and here's the nearby Stonehenge Monument,

這是索爾茲伯里主教堂， 這是附近的巨石陣，

which is world-famous.

世界知名的景點。

Salisbury is a city that's been dominated for hundreds of years by the Church,

數百年來，索爾茲伯里 這座城市由教會、

the Conservative Party

保守黨，以及軍隊所主導。

and the army.

It's a place where people really love to observe the rules.

這裡的人真心熱愛遵守規則。

So picture me on my first year in the city,

所以，想像一下 我去到那裡的第一年，

cycling the wrong way down a one-way street, late.

在單行道上逆向 騎腳踏車，已經遲到了。

I'm always late.

我總是遲到。

It's a wonder I've even turned up today.

今天我會出現在這裡真的是奇蹟。

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

A little old lady on the sidewalk helpfully shouted at me,

人行道上的一個小老太婆 熱心地對我喊：

"My dear, you're going the wrong way!"

「親愛的，你在逆向！」

Charmingly -- I thought -- I said, "Yeah, I know."

我覺得她很好心，我說： 「是的，我知道。」

"I hope you die!" she screamed.

她大叫：「希望你被撞死！」

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

And I realized that this was a place where I was in trouble.

我知道住在這裡我的麻煩大了。

And yet, a year later,

然而，一年後，

persuasion, negotiation -- everything I could deploy --

經過勸說、協商—— 使盡一切招術——

saw me producing the work.

我的作品終於完成了。

Not a classical concert in a church or a poetry reading,

它既不是教堂的古典音樂會， 也不是詩歌朗讀，

but the work of a French street theater company

而是一個法國街頭劇團的作品，

who were telling the story of Faust,

內容講述浮士德的故事，

"Mephistomania," on stilts, complete with handheld pyrotechnics.

「邪靈狂歡」這齣戲以踩高蹺， 搭配手提式煙火演出。

The day after, the same little old lady stopped me in the street and said,

隔天，同樣那個小老太婆 在街上攔住我說：

"Were you responsible for last night?"

「昨晚那個劇是你負責的？」

I backed away.

我向後退了一點，

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

"Yes."

回答：「是的。」

"When I heard about it," she said, "I knew it wasn't for me.

「之前聽人說的時候，」她說： 「我以為我不會喜歡。

But Helen, my dear, it was."

結果，海倫，親愛的，我好喜歡。」

So what had happened?

所以，發生什麼事了？

Curiosity had triumphed over suspicion,

好奇心戰勝了疑心，

and delight had banished anxiety.

欣喜趕走了焦慮。

So I wondered how one could transfer these ideas to a larger stage

於是，

我開始思索如何把這些點子 搬到更大的舞台上，

and started on a journey to do the same kind of thing to London.

因而展開將計畫搬到倫敦的旅程。

Imagine: it's a world city.

想像一下：一個世界級的城市。

Like all our cities, it's dedicated to toil, trade and traffic.

跟所有的城市一樣，充滿了 辛勞工作的人、生意買賣及交通。

It's a machine to get you to work on time and back,

它有點像機械裝置 讓你準時上班、回家，

and we're all complicit in wanting the routines to be fixed

因此我們都想要走固定路線，

and for everybody to be able to know what's going to happen next.

也希望能提前知道會不會 有什麼事會影響我們的日常。

And yet, what if this amazing city could be turned into a stage,

然而，是否可以將這個 了不起的城市變成一個舞台，

a platform for something so unimaginable

變成一個展現不可思議事物的平台，

that would somehow transform people's lives?

以某種方式改變眾人的生活？

We do these things often in Britain.

在英國，這其實是時而可見。

I'm sure you do them wherever you're from.

我相信你們的國家也是。

Here's Horse Guards Parade.

像是皇家騎兵衛隊閱兵，

And here's something that we do often. It's always about winning things.

還是一些常見的比賽競賽等等。

It's about the marathon or winning a war

例如馬拉松或是打贏什麼戰爭，

or a triumphant cricket team coming home.

還是獲勝的板球隊凱旋歸國。

We close the streets. Everybody claps.

我們會封街，大家夾道鼓掌。

But for theater? Not possible.

但為了劇場這麼做？不可能。

Except a story told by a French company:

唯一的例外是一個法國劇團 來此地的演出，

a saga about a little girl and a giant elephant

內容是一個小女孩與一隻巨象的傳說，

that came to visit

他們一起進城來造訪四天。

for four days.

And all I had to do was persuade the public authorities

我只需要能說服各個公家單位，

that shutting the city for four days was something completely normal.

讓他們覺得封城停擺四天 是完全正常的事。

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

No traffic, just people enjoying themselves,

路上沒有交通，只有開心的民眾，

coming out to marvel and witness this extraordinary artistic endeavor

出來讚嘆和目睹法國皇家豪華劇團

by the French theater company Royal de Luxe.

不同凡響的藝術成果。

It was a seven-year journey,

這整個歷程花了我七年，

with me saying to a group of men -- almost always men -- sitting in a room,

去遊說一群坐在房間裡的男人── 幾乎總是男人──

"Eh, it's like a fairy story with a little girl and this giant elephant,

「嗯，劇情就像童話故事， 有一個小女孩和一隻巨象，

and they come to town for four days

他們到鎮上停留四天，

and everybody gets to come and watch and play."

大家都可以來看、來玩。」

And they would go,

他們總是說：

"Why would we do this?

「為什麼要做這個活動？

Is it for something?

有什麼特殊目的嗎？

Is it celebrating a presidential visit?

是慶祝某國總統來訪？

Is it the Entente Cordiale between France and England?

跟英法友好協定有關嗎？

Is it for charity? Are you trying to raise money?"

是慈善活動嗎？

還是你打算用來募款？」

And I'd say,

我就說：

"None of these things."

「都不是。」

And they'd say, "Why would we do this?"

然後他們說：「那我們為什麼要做？」

But after four years, this magic trick, this extraordinary thing happened.

但，四年後，某件 不可思議的事發生了。

I was sitting in the same meeting I'd been to for four years,

坐在每年都來的同一間會議室中，

saying, "Please, please, may I?"

四年來我每次都說：「拜託，拜託， 可以讓我辦嗎？」

Instead of which, I didn't say, "Please."

只是這次我沒有說「拜託」。

I said, "This thing that we've been talking about for such a long time,

我改說：「我們長期以來 一直在談的這個活動

it's happening on these dates,

已經決定就在這個時間舉辦了，

and I really need you to help me."

而我真的需要各位幫幫我。」

This magic thing happened.

神奇的事發生了。

Everybody in the room somehow decided that somebody else had said yes.

房間中的每個人，不知怎麼地， 都認定一定有某人說了好。

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

(Applause)

（掌聲）

They decided that they were not being asked to take responsibility,

他們決定他們無須為此事扛責任，

or maybe the bus planning manager was being asked to take responsibility

頂多就是公車處的計畫經理

負責規劃公車繞道，

for planning the bus diversions,

and the council officer was being asked to close the roads,

而議會官員負責去封路，

and the transport for London people were being asked to sort out the Underground.

而負責全倫敦運輸的人 去處理好地下鐵。

All these people were only being asked to do the thing that they could do

我們僅僅是請他們盡其所能，

that would help us.

來協助我們。

Nobody was being asked to take responsibility.

沒有人必須為整件事扛責任。

And I, in my innocence, thought, "Well, I'll take responsibility,"

天真的我就想：「好，我來扛。」

for what turned out to be a million people on the street.

沒想到這責任如此重大， 因為街頭人潮達到百萬人。

It was our first show.

那是我們的第一場秀。

(Applause)

（掌聲）

It was our first show, and it changed the nature of the appreciation of culture,

那是我們的第一場秀， 它改變了藝文欣賞的本質，

not in a gallery, not in a theater, not in an opera house,

不是在畫廊，也不是戲院裡， 更不是在歌劇院裡，

but live and on the streets,

而是在街頭的現場演出，

transforming public space for the broadest possible audience,

將公共空間用來容納最廣泛的觀眾，

people who would never buy a ticket to see anything.

包括那些從不買票看演出的人。

So there we were.

所以，就這樣。

We'd finished, and we've continued to produce work of this kind.

任務結束後，我們繼續 製作這類的作品。

As you can see, the company's work is astonishing,

你們可以看到， 這個劇團的作品很驚人，

but what's also astonishing is the fact that permission was granted.

還有一點很驚人的是， 我們得到許可。

And you don't see any security.

而且現場也沒有安全人員。

And this was nine months after terrible terrorist bombings

且九個月前才剛發生了

重創倫敦的恐怖炸彈攻擊。

that had ripped London apart.

So I began to wonder whether it was possible

所以我又開始思索，是否可能

to do this kind of stuff in even more complicated circumstances.

在更複雜的情況中辦此類活動。

We turned our attention to Northern Ireland,

我們將注意力轉向北愛爾蘭，

the North of Ireland, depending on your point of view.

或者說愛爾蘭北部，各人觀點不同。

This is a map of England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland,

這是英格蘭、蘇格蘭、 威爾斯及愛爾蘭的地圖，

the island to the left.

左邊這座島嶼就是愛爾蘭。

For generations, it's been a place of conflict,

世世代代以來，始終是衝突之地，

the largely Catholic republic in the south

南邊大體上是信奉天主教的共和國，

and the largely Protestant loyalist community --

北邊則是主要信奉新教的保皇派──

hundreds of years of conflict,

數百年來一直衝突不斷。

British troops on the streets for over 30 years.

三十多年來， 街上一直都有英國士兵。

And now, although there is a peace process,

現在，即使有和平進程，

this is today in this city, called Londonderry if you're a loyalist,

現今的這座城市，

保皇派稱它做倫敦德里，

called Derry if you're a Catholic.

天主教徒則叫它德里。

But everybody calls it home.

無論叫甚麼，對這裡的人來說都是家。

And I began to wonder

我開始思索，

whether there was a way in which the community tribalism could be addressed

是否可能透過藝術和想像力

來探討社群部落主義。

through art and the imagination.

This is what the communities do,

這是當地社群每年夏天

every summer, each community.

各自所做的事。

This is a bonfire filled with effigies and insignia

篝火中塞滿來自另一邊

from the people that they hate on the other side.

他們所痛恨的人的肖像和徽章。

This is the same from the loyalist community.

保皇派社群也做一樣的事。

And every summer, they burn them.

每年夏天，就在鎮中心

They're right in the center of town.

燒篝火。

So we turned to here, to the Nevada desert, to Burning Man,

這讓我們想到

內華達沙漠的火人祭，

where people also do bonfires,

同樣是燒篝火，但價值觀完全不同。

but with a completely different set of values.

Here you see the work of David Best and his extraordinary temples,

在這裡可以看到大衛·貝斯特的作品，

以及他在火人祭期間所蓋，

which are built during the Burning Man event

隨即就在星期日被燒掉的那些

and then incinerated on the Sunday.

非同凡響的神廟。

So we invited him and his community to come,

於是我們邀請他和他的團隊，

and we recruited from both sides of the political and religious divide:

也向政治、宗教分歧的 兩方招募人員：

young people, unemployed people,

年輕的、無業的、

people who would never normally come across each other

那些平常拒絕跨界

or speak to each other.

與對方交談的人。

And out of their extraordinary work rose a temple

在他們出色的努力工作後， 一座神廟誕生了，

to rival the two cathedrals that exist in the town,

規模可比小鎮上 現有的兩間大教堂，

one Catholic and one Protestant.

一間天主教教堂， 另一間是新教教堂。

But this was a temple to no religion,

但這間神廟不屬於任何宗教，

for everyone,

它是屬於所有人的，

for no community, but for everyone.

不屬於某個社群， 而是屬於每一個人。

And we put it in this place where everyone told me nobody would come.

每個人都告訴我 蓋在這裡沒有人會來。

It was too dangerous. It sat between two communities.

因為就在兩個社群的邊界，太危險。

I just kept saying, "But it's got such a great view."

我只是不斷地說： 「但這裡的效果最好。」

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

And again, that same old question:

同樣的，還是老問題：

Why wouldn't we do this?

我們為什麼要做這件事？

What you see in the picture

各位看到的照片中，是當天 426 名小學生的前面幾個，

is the beginning of 426 primary school children

who were walked up the hill by the head teacher,

跟著校長走上山丘，

who didn't want them to lose this opportunity.

因為校長不希望他們錯過這個機會。

And just as happens in the Nevada desert,

就跟內華達沙漠那邊差不多，

though in slightly different temperatures,

只是氣溫有點不同，

the people of this community, 65,000 of them,

當地社群的人，一共 六萬五千人都到場了，

turned out to write their grief, their pain, their hope,

寫下他們的悲傷、 他們的痛苦、他們的希望、

their hopes for the future,

他們對未來的期許、他們的愛。

their love.

因為，終究一切都是為了愛。

Because in the end, this is only about love.

They live in a post-conflict society:

他們住在一個衝突後的社會中：

lots of post-traumatic stress,

許多創傷後的壓力，高自殺率。

high suicide.

And yet, for this brief moment --

但，就在這短暫的片刻──

and it would be ridiculous to assume that it was more than that --

那不多不少的片刻──

somebody like Kevin -- a Catholic whose father was shot when he was nine,

凱文── 天主教徒，他的父親 在家中被射殺時，他才九歲，

upstairs in bed --

當時他在家中樓上睡覺──

Kevin came to work as a volunteer.

他是我們的一個志工，

And he was the first person to embrace the elderly Protestant lady

在我們開放神廟那一天，

who came through the door on the day we opened the temple to the public.

他第一個上前去擁抱 前來參觀的新教徒老太太。

It rose up. It sat there for five days.

神廟建起來的五天後，

And then we chose -- from our little tiny band of nonsectarian builders,

我們從當初挑選來的

一小群無宗教派別的人中──

who had given us their lives for this period of months

他們貢獻了過去幾個月的時間，

to make this extraordinary thing --

來打造這間超凡的神廟──

we chose from them the people who would incinerate it.

我們從這當中選出點燃篝火的人。

And here you see the moment when,

照片中是那當下，

witnessed by 15,000 people who turned out on a dark, cold, March evening,

現場有一萬五千人，

一個又黑又冷的三月夜晚，

the moment when they decided to put their enmity behind them,

在那當下，

他們將敵意拋諸腦後，

to inhabit this shared space,

共處在這個空間中，

where everybody had an opportunity to say the things that had been unsayable,

在這裡，每一個人都有機會 說出過去說不出口的事，

to say out loud,

大聲地說出來：

"You hurt me and my family, but I forgive you."

「你傷害了我和我的家人， 但我原諒你。」

And together, they watched

肩並肩，他們一起看著

as members of their community let go of this thing that was so beautiful,

彼此社群的代表 點燃這個美麗的作品，

but was as hard to let go of

卻又因為當初打造它的過程中

as those thoughts and feelings

所投注的心力與情感，

that had gone into making it.

而感到如此難以割捨。

(Music)

（音樂）

Thank you.

謝謝。

(Applause)

（掌聲）