Shabana Basij-Rasikh: The dream of educating Afghan girls lives on | TED

譯者: 郁茹 黃 審譯者: Yi-Ping Cho (Marssi)

Nine years ago,

九年前，

I stood on a stage a lot like this one.

我也曾站在像這樣的舞台上，

It was at the TEDWomen conference in Washington, DC, back in 2012.

那個舞台是 2012 年 在華盛頓舉辦的 TEDWomen 。

I was 22 years old, a woman with a college degree.

當年我二十二歲， 是個有大學文憑的女性。

That's nothing too exceptional to say here in the United States.

這在美國並沒有什麼好稀奇的。

In Afghanistan, my homeland,

但在阿富汗，我的故鄉，

women like me were the exception.

像我這樣的女性是個特例。

It had been a little over a decade since the fall of the Taliban regime.

塔利班政權垮台至今已有十多年。

A time when it was quite literally illegal for girls to go to school.

那段期間，女孩就學都是違法的。

The Afghan people had spent a decade rebuilding our nation and our lives.

阿富汗人民花了十年 重建我們的國家與生活。

And when I stood on the TEDWomen stage,

而當我站在 TEDWomen 舞台，

I challenged the world to dare to educate Afghan girls.

我向世界發起了 敢於教育阿富汗女孩的挑戰。

The way I had just started doing at a place in Kabul

這也是我在喀布爾一個地方 開始持續做的事，

called the School of Leadership, Afghanistan, or SOLA.

那個地方叫阿富汗領導學院， 或簡稱為 SOLA 。

(Video) [To] me, Afghanistan is a country of hope and boundless possibilities.

（影片）對我而言，阿富汗 是充滿希望與無限可能的國家。

And every single day,

每一天，

the girls of SOLA remind me of that.

SOLA 裡的女孩都會提醒我這件事。

Like me, they are dreaming big.

她們就像我一樣有遠大夢想。 （影片結束）

That was then.

那是之前的演講。

(Applause)

（掌聲）

And this is now.

這個演講則是關於現在。

And the Taliban are back.

塔利班回來了。

But I want you to know I haven't stopped dreaming.

但我想讓你們知道， 我並沒有因此讓夢想停擺，

Neither have those girls of SOLA.

SOLA 裡的女孩也沒有。

We have taken our dreams and adapted them.

我們已經實踐並改造了夢想。

Agility, adaptation, resilience.

靈活、適應、韌性。

These concepts are core to everything that SOLA is.

這些概念是 SOLA 一切的核心。

We have faced the uncertainty of what might be,

我們面臨著可能會發生的不確定性，

and we have turned it into the certainty of what will be.

但我們也將它轉變成必然會發生的事。

I'll explain.

讓我來解釋一下。

Back in 2012,

早在 2012 年，

we ran a program where girls lived at SOLA

我們舉辦了一項計畫， 讓女孩住在 SOLA ，

but primarily studied at high schools in Kabul.

但主要在喀布爾的高中就學。

And we secured scholarships for these girls

我們為這些女孩爭取到了獎學金，

to pursue their education overseas,

讓她們到國外求學，

including here in America.

其中也包含這裡美國。

It worked.

這個計畫奏效了。

It worked well.

而且效果非常好。

But I realized I was contributing to something I never wanted to see:

但我意識到我正在促成一件 我從不想看到的事：

a brain drain of Afghanistan’s educated women.

阿富汗受教育的女性人才外流。

So I realized I had to adapt.

於是我意識到必須調整。

I wanted to educate Afghan girls

我想要教育阿富汗女孩

who would become educated Afghan women,

讓她們成為受教育的阿富汗女性，

who would then educate other girls.

再讓她們教育其他女孩。

And all of them together over time

然後隨著時間推移，

would build a new Afghanistan from the bottom up,

她們就能組成由下而上的新阿富汗，

and they would be among its leaders.

並成為阿富汗的領導人之一。

I needed a place where these girls would learn to read English and Koran.

我需要一個地方讓這些女孩 學習讀英文和古蘭經。

I needed a place where the administration and instructors would be women.

我需要一個地方， 其中的管理人員與教師皆為女性。

A place where the notion of female leadership --

一個地方，在那裡 女性領導力的概念

Afghan female leadership -- would become known for every student.

——阿富汗女性領導力—— 對每個學生來說都不陌生。

I needed a place that quite simply did not exist in Afghanistan.

我需要的這個地方 在阿富汗根本不存在。

So my team and I created it.

於是我的團隊和我成立了這個地方。

In 2016, SOLA became a full-fledged boarding school for girls.

2016 年 SOLA 成為 全面的女子寄宿學校

The first and only in Afghanistan.

是阿富汗第一所，也是唯一一所。

(Applause)

（掌聲）

That year, we enrolled 24 girls in sixth grade.

那年，我們錄取了 24 位六年級的女孩。

By 2021,

到了 2021 年，

we had enrolled nearly 100 girls in grades six to 11.

我們錄取了將近 100 位 六到 11 年級的女孩。

I'll tell you something I'm very proud of.

我要告訴你們一件我非常自豪的事。

In 2016,

在 2016 年，

we drew girls from 14 of Afghanistan's 34 provinces.

我們吸引了來自阿富汗 34 個省中 14 個省的女孩，

This year, we have girls from 28 provinces.

今年，我們有來自 28 個省的女孩。

(Applause)

（掌聲）

Imagine you are a girl from one of these provinces coming to SOLA.

想像你是來自其中一個省 到 SOLA 的女孩。

You've probably never lived away from your family.

你可能從未離開過家人。

As you can see, we have obscured their faces for their safety.

如各位所見，為了保護她們的安全， 我們用馬賽克模糊她們的臉。

But when you arrive on campus, an older sister will be there for you.

但當你到了校園內， 會有一位姐姐陪在你身邊。

She will be beside you as you pray in the campus mosque;

她會陪你在校園裡的清真寺禱告，

she will eat with you;

她會和你一起吃飯；

she will help you with your schoolwork.

她會協助你課業上的問題，

You are from different provinces, different ethnicities,

雖然你們來自不同省、不同的種族，

but you are united by sisterhood.

但你們仍因姐妹情誼而團結在一起。

By your identity as Afghan girls.

以你們作為阿富汗女孩的身分團結。

Educating girls, breaking barriers,

教育女孩、突破障礙，

this is what we do at SOLA.

這就是我們在 SOLA 所做的事。

We became known for this nationwide.

我們因此而聞名全國。

Parents came to us from across Afghanistan

來自阿富汗各地的父母來找我們，

asking us to admit their daughters.

請求我們讓他們的女兒入學。

I remember one father in particular,

我特別記得一位父親，

from a rural province,

他來自鄉下的省分，

and one of his daughters was already a student with us.

他有個女兒已經是我們的學員。

This was back in 2019,

那是在 2019 年，

and I remember him coming to campus and sitting in my office.

我記得他來到校園 坐在我的辦公室內，

He was trying to convince me

他嘗試說服我

to admit another one of his daughters.

讓他的另外一位女兒也加入。

On his way out, he stopped in the doorway,

他離開前在門口停下腳步，

turned around and looked at me, and completely calmly, he said,

轉過身並看著我， 然後非常冷靜地說

"When the Taliban come back,

「塔利班回來的時候，

please promise

拜託答應我

that you will burn my daughter's records.

你會燒掉我女兒的紀錄。

If the Taliban know my daughter studies here,

如果塔利班知道我女兒在這就讀，

they will kill my family."

他們會殺死我的家人。」

Remember, this was 2019.

記住，這是 2019 年的事。

Two years ago.

兩年前的事。

He didn't say "if the Taliban come back."

他並不是說「如果塔利班回來」，

He said "when."

而是說「塔利班回來的時候」。

I promised him that I would do what he asked.

我答應他的請求。

And this summer ...

而今年夏天……

I did.

我真的做了。

What you're seeing here are the records of my students burning.

你現在所看到的 是燃燒中的學生紀錄。

We set this fire

我們放了這把火

to protect every girl who's ever studied at SOLA.

藉以保護每一位 曾在 SOLA 就讀的女孩。

This was mid-August.

這是八月中旬的事。

Right as the Taliban were about to enter Kabul.

就在塔利班即將進入喀布爾前。

Less than two weeks later,

不到兩週後，

nearly 250 members of the SOLA community,

將近 250 位 SOLA 社群的成員、

students, staff and family members,

學員、教職人員、家庭成員

were out of Afghanistan and safe in the nation of Rwanda.

皆離開阿富汗， 並平安撤離到盧安達。

(Applause)

（掌聲）

I will say this again.

我會再說一遍。

When you face the uncertainty of what might be,

當你面臨了可能會發生的不確定性，

you can turn it into the certainty of what will be.

你可以將它轉變成必然會發生的事。

SOLA's departure from Afghanistan made headlines.

SOLA 離開阿富汗成為了新聞頭條。

And I think it has drawn the attention

我想這已引起人們的注意，

partly because how swiftly the Taliban took over Afghanistan

有一部分是因為 塔利班接管阿富汗的速度之快，

and how quickly so much of what was beautiful about my country

還有我們國家的許多美麗事物

turned to dust.

化為灰燼的速度也很快。

But what these stories don't usually tell you

但這些故事通常不會告訴你，

is that we had been quietly planning

我們每年大部分的時間

for this day of our departure for most of the year.

都一直在悄悄地計畫這天的離開。

I had that conversation with my student's father in December 2019.

我和學生父親的那次談話 是在 2019 年 12 月。

The United States signed an agreement with the Taliban in February 2020.

美國和塔利班簽署協議 是在 2020 年 2 月。

And the US announced its unconditional withdrawal from Afghanistan

美國宣布從阿富汗無條件撤軍

in April 2021.

是在 2021 年 4 月。

These dates were like signposts on a road I never wanted to be on.

這些日子就像我從未想走的道路上 會有的路標一樣。

I couldn't see far enough down that road to be certain about it's end.

在那條路上我沒辦法看得夠遠， 以致於無法確定它的盡頭。

But what I was certain of was that I would not sit passively by

但我確定的是，我不會坐以待斃，

and let that road lead me.

也不會被這條路牽著鼻子走。

This spring, we started making plans to bring our students overseas

今年春天，我們開始制定計畫， 帶我們的學生到海外

for a study abroad program.

進行國外留學計畫。

This takes time.

這需要時間。

We needed to identify potential host nations;

我們需要找出有機會當地主國的國家；

we needed parents to grant permission;

我們需要家長的許可；

we needed to speak with officials and gather our resources.

我們需要與政府官員對談， 並匯集我們的資源。

It takes time,

這需要時間，

and all the while you're moving down that road, going faster,

於此同時，你沿著那條路越走越快，

gaining momentum toward what lies at the end.

並獲得動力以邁向盡頭的事物。

There is a lot about this that I still cannot talk about.

還有很多我不能談的事情，

Some of it is for security reasons.

有些是基於安全考量，

And some of it is for personal reasons.

有些則是基於個人原因。

This is still very raw for me.

這對我來說仍難以消化。

I never imagined

我從未想過

Afghanistan would fall as fast as it did.

阿富汗會這麼快就淪陷。

No one imagined it.

沒有人想過。

But I will tell you this.

讓我來告訴你們這個事件。

On August 1,

8 月 1 號，

we were bringing our students back to Kabul

學期中的假期結束後，

after their semester break.

我們帶著學生回到了喀布爾。

On August 15,

8 月 15 號，

the Taliban were in Kabul and in control.

塔利班抵達並掌管了喀布爾。

And on August 30,

然後在 8 月 30 號，

we were holding our second day of classes at our new campus in Rwanda

我們在盧安達的新校區 舉行了第二天的課程，

with our entire community together and safe.

所有人皆平安無事在一起。

(Applause)

（掌聲）

That is how fast things can move.

事情就是可以演變得這麼快，

And that's what anyone, not just me,

而這不是只有我，

but anyone can accomplish when you accept the uncertainty of what might be,

而是所有人都能達成的， 只要接受可能會發生的不確定性，

and through careful contingency planning,

並透過謹慎的應急計畫，

turn it into the certainty of what will be.

便能將它轉變成必然會發生的事。

You will find yourself somewhere new.

你會發現自己有了新面貌，

And different.

變得不一樣。

Adapting and succeeding.

不斷適應與成功。

And sometimes,

而有時，

you will know you have left a light on to help you find your way home.

你會知道你留了一盞明燈 幫助自己找到回家的路。

What you're seeing here is something that I very rarely show publicly.

你現在所看到的 是我非常少公開展示的東西。

Earlier, I talked about SOLA's campus in Kabul.

剛剛，我談到 SOLA 喀布爾校區。

That campus is a series of rented buildings that we have converted

那個校區都是出租建築， 我們將它改造為

into classroom and residential space.

教室以及居住空間。

But what you're seeing here is something very different.

但你現在看到的 是非常不同的景象。

This is a perimeter wall

這片圍牆

that rings a parcel of land in the heart of Kabul city,

環繞著喀布爾市中心的一塊土地，

land that SOLA holds legal rights to.

那是 SOLA 擁有合法權利的土地。

This is the land where we're going to build a permanent campus,

我們正在這片土地上 建立永久的校區，

where Afghan girls will come to live and study in safety.

阿富汗女孩將在那裡 安全地生活與學習。

We cleared this land ourselves,

我們自己清理了這片土地，

all 18,000 cubic meters of landfill.

總共一萬八千立方公尺的 垃圾掩埋場。

We raised this wall ourselves.

我們自己建立了這座牆，

We knew we would face opposition, and we planned for it.

我們知道會遭到反對， 所以我們做好了計畫。

We spoke with our neighbors,

我們和鄰居交談，

explaining how valuable an educated girl is to her family,

解釋受教育的女孩 對她的家庭來說多麼重要，

explaining how one day their daughters could apply to study at SOLA.

解釋他們的女兒有朝一日 可以申請在 SOLA 就學。

And our neighbors became some of our strongest allies.

而我們的鄰居成為了 我們最強大的盟友之一。

We spoke with high-level government officials

我們與高階政府官員交談，

who complained that this land was too valuable

他們抱怨這片土地太寶貴，

to be wasted on educating girls.

不能浪費在教育女孩上。

And we convinced them otherwise.

但我們依然說服了他們。

Those officials,

那些官員

of course, aren't in government anymore.

想當然，已經不在政府部門。

Afghanistan has new leaders.

阿富汗有新的領導人。

And while this is a sensitive topic,

雖然這是敏感話題，

I can say that it's quite possible

但我可以說相當有可能

that construction on this new campus might resume relatively soon.

這個新校區的建設 很快就會再繼續進行。

Time will tell.

時間會說明一切。

Nine years ago,

九年前，

I stood on a TEDWomen stage,

我站在 TEDWomen 的舞台上，

and I said Afghanistan is a country of hope and boundless possibilities.

當時我說阿富汗是個 充滿希望與無限可能性的國家。

And every single day,

每一天，

the girls of SOLA remind me of that.

SOLA 裡的女孩都提醒著我這件事。

Like me, they are dreaming big.

他們就像我一樣有遠大夢想。

Earlier this year,

今年早些時候，

I was on SOLA's campus in Kabul

我在 SOLA 喀布爾校區

interviewing a girl who was applying for sixth grade.

面試了一位申請就讀六年級的女孩，

I asked her why she wanted to come to SOLA,

我問她為什麼想來 SOLA ，

which is a question I ask all our applicants.

這個問題，我會問所有的申請者。

She said,

她說，

"I have dreamed of this.

「這是我的夢想，

I've dreamed of coming to SOLA ever since I was a little girl."

我還小的時候就夢想來到 SOLA 。」

In all these years that I have interviewed girls from across Afghanistan,

這些年來，我面試了 來自阿富汗各地的女孩。

this was the first time that a young girl said that to me.

這是第一次有年輕女孩對我這麼說。

Why do I keep doing what I do,

為何我會繼續做我在做的事，

despite the risk that comes with it and all the uncertainty?

不管隨之而來的風險與所有的不確定？

Because Afghanistan is a country of hope and dreams.

因為阿富汗是個 充滿希望與夢想的國家。

It's my home.

它是我的家。

And it always will be.

也永遠都是。

And now, out there in the most remote corners of Afghanistan, are young girls,

現在，有年輕的女孩 在阿富汗最偏遠的角落裡，

dreaming to attend SOLA.

夢想著加入 SOLA 。

My community,

我的社群、

my students are settling and thriving in Rwanda.

我的學生都在盧安達安頓並蓬勃發展。

And I'm so grateful we're there.

我非常感謝我們能在那裡。

I see Afghanistan now through TV news reports

現在我要透過電視新聞報導 才能看到阿富汗的現況，

or on my phone, when friends, still in Afghanistan, call me.

或是從還在阿富汗的朋友 打來的電話中得知。

But SOLA is there too.

但 SOLA 也還在那。

We have planted roots that can never be destroyed.

我們已經種下了 永遠無法摧毀的根基。

Nine years ago,

九年前，

I challenged the world to dare to educate Afghan girls.

我向世界發起了 敢於教育阿富汗女孩的挑戰。

Those girls are young women now.

那些女孩現在都成為了年輕女性。

And they will do what Afghan women have always done.

而她們也會做 阿富汗女性一直在做的事。

Meet uncertainty head on and rise above it.

迎接不確定性，並超越它。

I know they will do their part.

我知道她們會儘自己的一份力量。

But they,

但這是她們，

we need something from you,

我們還需要你們的幫忙，

all of you here and watching this.

在座以及正在觀看影片的你們。

So today I issue another challenge to the world.

所以今天我要向世界發起另一個挑戰：

Do not look away.

別轉移目光而遺忘這件事。

As the noise dies down,

隨著喧鬧消退，

and Afghanistan slips from the front pages,

阿富汗從頭版悄然消失，

do not look away.

別轉移目光而遺忘它。

In nine years, it will be the year 2030.

九年後將會是 2030 年。

It's the year I will celebrate my 40th birthday.

那一年我會慶祝我四十歲生日。

So here is my dream,

我的夢想，

my birthday wish.

我的生日願望是

In nine years,

在日後的九年，

I hope to be speaking with you again

我希望能與你們再次交談，

from SOLA’s campus in Kabul,

在 SOLA 喀布爾校區，

with all of my students there.

與我所有的學生在一起，

I will see you then,

到時我會再見到你們，

if you do not look away.

如果你們沒有轉移目光而遺忘。

Thank you.

謝謝。

(Applause)

（掌聲）