Martina Flor: The secret language of letter design (with English subtitles) | TED

105,701 views ・ 2018-01-05

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00:00
Translator: Camille Martínez Reviewer: TED Translators admin
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譯者: Lilian Chiu 審譯者: Helen Chang
00:13
Can you imagine what the word "TED" would have looked like
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你們能不能想像如果 「TED」這字存在於羅馬時期
00:16
if it had existed during the Roman Empire?
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會是什麼樣子?
00:20
I think maybe something like this.
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我想可能會類似這樣。
00:23
An artisan would have spent days in the sun chiseling it into stone.
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工匠要花數日的時間 在太陽底下把字鑿到石頭上。
00:31
And in the Middle Ages?
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在中世紀呢?
00:34
A monk, locked in his room,
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一個僧侶,鎖在自己的房間裡,
00:38
would write T-E-D with his pen.
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用筆寫出來的 T-E-D。
00:45
And without going so far back in time,
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不要回到那麼早的時代,
00:47
how would these letters have looked in the 80s?
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這些字母在 1980 年代是什麼樣子?
00:53
They would have had electric, strange colors,
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它們會有強烈、奇怪的顏色,
00:56
just like our hairstyles.
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就像我們的髮型。
00:58
(Laughter)
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(笑聲)
01:00
If this event were about children,
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如果這場活動和孩子有關,
01:04
I would draw the letters like this,
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我會畫像這樣的字,
01:07
as if they were building blocks,
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好像積木一樣,
01:10
in vivid colors.
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用鮮艷的顏色。
01:12
And if it were about superheroes instead?
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如果這場活動和超級英雄有關呢?
01:16
I would do them like this,
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我會做成這樣,
01:18
inspired by -- in my opinion -- the greatest of all:
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我認為靈感來自最偉大的超級英雄:
01:21
Superman.
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超人。
01:23
(Laughter)
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(笑聲)
01:25
The shapes of these letters talk.
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這些字母的形狀會說話,
01:29
They tell us things beyond what they represent.
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告訴我們的資訊 不限於它們代表的意思。
01:33
They send us to different eras,
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它們會把我們傳送到不同的年代,
01:35
they convey values,
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會傳遞價值,
01:37
they tell us stories.
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會告訴我們故事。
01:42
If we think about it, our days are full of letters.
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仔細想想,文字充斥在我們生活裡,
01:45
We see them on the front of the bus,
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到處看得到字母:
01:47
on the bakery's facade,
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公車前面、麵包店的正面、
01:49
on the keyboard we write on,
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我們打字的鍵盤、
01:51
on our cell phones --
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我們的手機──
01:53
everywhere.
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到處都有。
01:56
Since the beginning of history,
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從有史以來,
01:58
people have felt the need to give language an image.
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人們就覺得需要給語言一個圖像。
02:01
And rightly so,
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確實如此,
02:03
because language is the most important communication tool we have.
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因為語言是我們最重要的溝通工具。
02:08
Without understanding what a word means,
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就算不了解字的意思,
02:11
we can see certain things it conveys.
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我們也可以看出 它所傳遞的某些訊息。
02:15
Some letters tell us that something is modern --
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有些字會傳遞當代摩登的訊息──
02:17
at least it was back in the 70s.
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至少在1970 年代是摩登的。
02:22
Others verify the importance and monumentality of a place,
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有些字則確認某地的重要和紀念性,
02:27
and they do so in uppercase.
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做法是用大寫字。
02:29
There are letters not made to last long --
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也有不為持久而寫的字──
02:32
and neither is the opportunity they communicate.
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它們能用來交流的機會也不持久。
02:36
And there are letters made by inexperienced hands
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也有沒經驗的手做出的字;
02:39
that, whether they mean to or not,
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有意與否,
02:41
make us imagine what a place looks like inside.
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這些字會讓我們產生 對該處內部樣子的想像空間。
02:45
When I moved to Berlin, I experienced firsthand
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搬去柏林後我親身體驗到
02:48
all the impact that drawn letters can have in our day-to-day life.
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繪製的文字能在我們日常生活中 造成什麼影響。
02:54
I arrived in a new city, which was exciting and novel for me.
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到一個新的城市, 對我來說很新奇很刺激。
02:58
Now, dealing with an unfamiliar language was at times very frustrating
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當時要處理不熟悉的語言
常會讓人感到挫折和不舒服。
03:04
and uncomfortable.
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03:06
I found myself several times at parties clutching my glass of wine,
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多次我在派對上拿著一杯酒,
03:11
without understanding a single word of what was being said around me.
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完全聽不懂周圍的人 對我說的任何一個字。
03:17
And of course, I'd smile as if I understood everything.
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當然我會微笑,好像我全聽懂了。
03:22
I felt limited in my ability to say what I thought,
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我覺得受到限制, 沒辦法說出我的想法、
03:27
what I felt,
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我的感受、
03:29
what I believed.
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我的信念。
03:33
Not only did I not understand the conversations,
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不只無法了解交談的內容,
03:35
but the streets were full of signs and text that I couldn't read.
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街道上滿是我看不懂的標誌和文字。
03:41
But the shapes of the letters gave me clues;
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但文字的形狀讓我能有點頭緒;
03:46
they would open up a little window
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它們能打開一扇小窗子,
03:48
to understanding the stories enclosed in those shapes.
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來了解那些形狀所包含的故事。
03:54
I recognized places where tradition was important.
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我能知道有些地方很重視傳統。
03:57
[Bakery Pastries Café Restaurant]
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〔麵包酥皮點心咖啡餐廳〕
03:59
Or I'd know when someone was trying to give me a signal,
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當有人試著給我信號時,我會知道,
04:02
and my gut would tell me it was better to stay away.
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直覺會告訴我最好閃遠一點。
04:05
[No trespassing!]
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〔不得擅自進入〕
04:07
I could also tell when something was made to last forever.
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我也能分辨出有些東西 是為了永久留傳而做的。
04:10
The shapes of letters helped me understand my surroundings better
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文字的形狀協助我 對身處的環境多一點了解,
04:13
and navigate the city.
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為我在城市中指路。
04:15
I was in Paris recently,
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不久前我在巴黎
04:17
and something similar happened to me.
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也有同樣的經驗。
04:19
After a few days in the city,
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在該城市待了幾天後,
04:21
I was on the lookout for something tasty to take back home.
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我去尋找美食帶回家吃。
04:25
So I walked and walked and walked until I found the perfect bakery.
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我一直走,一直走,一直走, 直到我發現了一間完美的麵包店。
04:31
The sign said it all.
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招牌全說出來了。
04:32
[Bakery]
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〔麵包店〕
04:34
I see it, and even today, I imagine the master baker
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即使現在我還看得到畫面, 想像得出麵包師傅,
04:37
dedicating the same amount of time to each loaf of bread
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投入在每一條麵包上的時間,
04:40
that the craftsman dedicated to each letter of this word.
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和工匠投入在每個 字母上的時間一樣長。
04:44
I can see the bread, with just the right ingredients,
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我能想像那麵包用的是理想的原料,
04:48
being kneaded softly and carefully,
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被輕柔、小心地捏製,
04:50
in the same way the craftsman drew the ends of the letters
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就像工匠繪製這些字母末端時一樣,
04:54
with smooth and precise curves.
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有著滑順且精確的弧線。
04:58
I see the master baker placing the buns over a thin layer of flour
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我看見麵包師傅把麵包 放在薄薄的一層麵粉上,
05:03
so the bottoms don't burn.
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這樣底部才不會烤焦。
05:05
I think of the craftsman putting the mosaics in the oven one by one,
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我想著工匠把那些鑲嵌裝飾 一個一個放到爐中,
05:10
being careful to not let the ink run.
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非常小心不要讓墨水滲開。
05:14
The love for detail that the master baker has
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麵包師傅對於細節所投入的愛,
05:18
is reflected in the attention that went into creating this sign.
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反映在創造這個招牌的注意力上。
05:23
Without having tried their bread, we already imagine it tastes good.
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還沒有嚐過他們的麵包, 我們就已經想像會很美味了。
05:28
And I can vouch for it; it was delicious.
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我可以發誓,真的很好吃。
05:33
I'm a letterer; that's my job --
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我是文字書寫員,
繪製文字是我的工作。
05:36
to draw letters.
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05:39
Just like when you make bread, it requires care in its preparation,
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就像當你做麵包時, 在準備工作上就需要用心,
05:43
just the right amount of ingredients
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原料的量要恰到好處,
05:45
and love for the details.
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對細節要投入愛。
05:48
Our alphabet is at the same time my raw material and my limitation.
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我們的全套字母, 既是我的原料,也是我的限制。
05:53
The basic structure of the letters is for me a playing field,
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對我來說,字母的基本結構 就是我的遊樂園,
05:56
where the only rule is that the reader, at the end of the road,
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唯一的規則是
在另一端的讀者要能夠讀出訊息。
06:01
will be able to read the message.
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06:04
Let me show you how I work,
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讓我展示一下我如何工作、
06:06
how I "knead my bread."
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我如何捏製我的麵包。
06:10
A while back, I was commissioned to design the cover of a classic book,
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不久前,我受委託 設計一本經典書籍的封面,
06:14
"Alice in Wonderland."
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《愛麗絲夢遊仙境》。
06:18
Alice falls in a burrow
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愛麗絲落入兔洞中,
06:19
and begins an absurd journey through a world of fantasy, remember?
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在一個奇幻世界中開始了 一段荒唐的旅程,記得嗎?
06:24
In this situation, the title of the story is my raw material.
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在這個情況中,書名就是我的原料。
06:31
At first glance, there are elements that are not very important,
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乍看之下,有些元素不怎麼重要,
06:34
and I can decide to make them smaller.
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所以我決定把它們變小。
06:36
For example, I'll write "in" on a smaller scale.
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比如,我會把介係詞 “en el” 用小型的字來寫。
06:41
Then I'll try some other ideas.
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接著我會嘗試其他的想法。
06:43
What if, to communicate the idea of "wonder,"
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比如,要傳達「仙」的想法,
06:45
I used my best handwriting,
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我用最棒的手寫字,
06:48
with lots of curleycues here and there?
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到處加上一些花飾,如何?
06:52
Or what if I focused more on the fact that the book is a classic
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或是我更著重這本書的經典性,
06:56
and used more conventional lettering,
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用比較慣常的寫法,
07:00
making everything look a little more stiff and serious,
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讓一切看起來比較拘謹和嚴肅,
07:04
like in an encyclopedia or old books?
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就像百科全書或古書,如何?
07:08
Or how would it look, considering this book has so much gibberish,
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如果考量到這本書有多麼胡扯,
07:13
if I combined both universes in a single arrangement:
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我可以用單一的安排 來結合兩個宇宙:
07:18
rigid letters and smooth letters living together in the same composition.
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堅硬的字和滑順的字共存在一起。
07:25
I like this idea, and I'll work on it in detail.
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我喜歡這個點子,開始處理細節。
07:30
I use another sheet of paper to work more comfortably.
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我用另一張紙,更舒適地工作,
07:34
I mark some guidelines,
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我標示出一些參考線,
07:36
delimiting the framework where the words will be.
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用框架界定出這些字的位置。
07:41
There, I can start giving form to each letter.
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我讓每個字在那裡開始成形。
07:44
I work carefully.
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我很小心、很仔細地做,
07:46
I dedicate time to each letter without losing sight of the whole.
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花時間畫每個字, 同時不忘記看整體。
07:51
I draw the ends of the letters methodically.
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我有條理地繪製出這些字的末端。
07:55
Are they square or round?
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末端是方的還是圓的?
07:58
Are they pointy or plump and smooth?
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末端是尖的還是豐滿滑順的?
08:04
I always make several sketches,
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我通常會畫很多張草稿,
08:05
where I'll try different ideas or change elements.
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會嘗試不同的點子或是改變元素。
08:10
And there comes a point when the drawing turns into precise forms,
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到了一個時間點, 把描繪轉變為精確的形式,
08:14
with colors, volumes and decorative elements.
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有顏色、有體積、有裝飾性的元素。
08:19
Alice, the celebrity here, is placed at the front
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故事中的主角愛麗絲被放在前端,
08:23
with volume in her letters.
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她的字立體、有體積。
08:25
Lots of points and lines playing in the background
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背景有很多的點和線,
08:28
help me convey that in this story, lots of things happen.
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協助我傳達一個訊息: 在這個故事中發生很多事。
08:32
And it helps to represent the feeling it generates,
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點與線也代表著它引起的感覺,
08:35
as if you had your head in the clouds.
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好像你的頭正在雲霧中。
08:38
And of course, there's Alice, looking at her wonderland.
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當然還有愛麗絲看著她的仙境。
08:47
Drawing the letters of this title, I recreate the text's atmosphere a little.
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繪製書名時我稍稍重現文字的氣氛,
08:53
I let the reader see the story through a peephole in the door.
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讓讀者透過門上的窺視孔 來看這個故事。
08:58
To do that, I gave shape to concepts and ideas
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我讓已經存在於我們想像中的 概念和想法具體成形:
09:01
that already exist in our imagination:
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09:04
the idea of dreams,
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夢的想法、
09:06
of chaos,
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混亂的想法、
09:07
the concept of wonder.
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仙的概念。
09:12
The typography and the shape of letters work a bit like gestures
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文字的排版和形狀
有點像手勢以及語調。
09:17
and tone of voice.
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09:18
It's not the same to say,
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以下兩種說法是不同的:
09:21
(In a flat tone of voice) "TEDxRíodelaPlata's audience is huge,"
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「好多 TEDxRíodelaPlata 的觀眾」, (註:語調平坦)
09:24
as it is to say (In an animated voice), "TEDxRíodelaPlata's audience is huge!"
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「好多 TEDxRíodelaPlata 的觀眾」。 (註:語調生氣蓬勃)
09:31
Gestures and tone are part of the message.
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手勢和語調都是訊息的一部份。
09:36
By giving shape to the letters,
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把形狀賦予文字,
09:38
I can decide more precisely what I mean to say and how,
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我就可以精確地決定
要說什麼和如何去說,
09:42
beyond the literal text.
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超越了字面的文字。
09:47
I can say my favorite swear word in a very flowery way
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我能把自己最喜愛的髒字用花式裝飾,
09:53
and be really corny when I talk about love.
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我也可以用老掉牙的方式來談愛。
09:58
I can talk loudly and in a grandiose way
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我可以用宏偉的方式大聲說話,
10:03
or in a soft and poetic voice.
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或是用輕柔有詩意的聲音。
10:09
And I can communicate the difference between Buenos Aires
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我可以傳達出布宜諾斯艾利斯
10:15
and Berlin,
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和柏林的差別,
10:18
two cities I know very well.
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我對這兩個城市都很了解。
10:23
It was precisely in Berlin where my work became more colorful,
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正是在柏林,我的工作 開始變得更多姿多采,
10:27
more expressive,
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更傳神,
10:30
more precise at telling stories.
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把故事說得更精準。
10:33
Everything I couldn't say at those parties,
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我手拿酒杯站在派對裡時,
10:36
standing there holding my glass of wine,
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說不出來的所有話語,
10:38
exploded in shapes and colors on paper.
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都在紙上以形狀和顏色爆發出來。
10:44
Without my realizing it, this limitation that language has
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不知不覺中,
這語言的限制變成動力引擎,
10:47
became an engine
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10:49
that propelled me to perfect the tools with which I could express myself.
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驅策我讓工具更臻完美, 然後用這些工具來表述我自己。
10:55
If I couldn't say it by speaking,
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如果我無法口說表達,
10:58
this was my way of talking
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這就是我和世界交談、
11:01
and telling things to the world.
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訴說事情的方式。
11:05
Since then, my big quest has been to find my own voice
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從那以後我的一大目標
11:09
and to tell stories with the exact tone and gesture I want.
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是找到自己的聲音,
並且用我要的語調和手勢來說故事。
11:15
No more, no less.
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不多不少,要很精準。
11:19
That's why I combine colors,
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那就是為什麼我結合了顏色、
11:23
textures
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紋理、
11:25
and of course, letters,
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當然還有文字,
11:28
which are the heart.
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文字是這一切的心臟。
11:31
And that's why I always want them to have shapes that are truly beautiful
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那就是為什麼我總是希望
文字能有真正很美、很精緻的形狀。
11:36
and exquisite.
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11:38
Telling stories by drawing letters --
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透過繪製文字來說故事──
11:41
that's my job.
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是我的工作。
11:44
And with that I look for a reaction in the reader,
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工作上,我期待讀者的反應,
11:46
to wake them up somehow,
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以某種方式喚醒他們,
11:49
to make them dream,
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讓他們作夢,
11:51
make them feel moved.
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讓他們感動。
11:54
I believe that if the message is important,
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我相信,如果訊息很重要,
11:57
it requires work and craftsmanship.
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它就需要努力和技藝。
12:00
And if the reader is important,
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如果讀者很重要,
12:03
they deserve beauty and fantasy as well.
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他們也應該得到美麗與夢幻。
12:07
(Applause)
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(掌聲)
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