How urban agriculture is transforming Detroit | Devita Davison

翻译人员: Yan Gao 校对人员: Eddy Chan

I'm from Detroit.

我来自底特律。

(Applause)

（掌声）

A city that in the 1950s was the world's industrial giant,

在1950年，这座城市被称为 世界的工业巨人，

with a population of 1.8 million people

拥有180万人口，

and 140 square miles of land and infrastructure,

140平方英里的土地 和基础设施，

used to support this booming, Midwestern urban center.

用来支持这个蓬勃发展的 中西部城市中心。

And now today,

而现在，

just a half a century later,

就在半个世纪之后的今天，

Detroit is the poster child for urban decay.

底特律成了城市衰败的代名词。

Currently in Detroit, our population is under 700,000,

目前在底特律，人口不到70万，

of which 84 percent are African American,

其中84%是非洲裔美国人，

and due to decades of disinvestment

由于几十年来

and capital flight

从城市到郊区的

撤资和资本外流，

from the city into the suburbs,

there is a scarcity in Detroit.

底特律出现了萧条。

There is a scarcity of retail,

零售业萧条，

more specifically, fresh food retail,

特别是新鲜食品零售业稀缺，

resulting in a city where 70 percent of Detroiters

导致70%的底特律人

are obese and overweight,

遭受肥胖和超重的现象，

and they struggle.

然而他们却无计可施。

They struggle to access nutritious food that they need,

对他们而言，获取到 必要的营养食物很难。

that they need to stay healthy,

但他们需要食物来保持健康，

that they need to prevent premature illness and diet-related diseases.

来预防过早疾病和饮食相关疾病。

Far too many Detroiters live closer to a fast food restaurant

太多的底特律人住在快餐店，

or to a convenience store, or to a gas station

便利店或加油站附近，

where they have to shop for food

他们没有产品齐全 服务周到的食品商店，

than they do a full-service supermarket.

所以他们只能去 对他们而言方便的超市。

And this is not good news about the city of Detroit,

这对底特律市来说并不是好消息，

but this is the news

但是这就是底特律人

and the story

打算改变的

that Detroiters intend to change.

生活现状。

No, I'm going to take that back.

不，我要换个说法。

This is the story that Detroiters are changing,

这是底特律人 通过城市农业和食品创业

正在改变的故事。

through urban agriculture and food entrepreneurship.

事情是这样的：

Here's the thing:

because of Detroit's recent history,

因为底特律的近代史，

it now finds itself

它发现自己的城市

拥有一些非常独特的资源，

with some very unique assets,

open land being one of them.

像开放的土地就是其中之一。

Experts say that the entire cities of Boston, San Francisco,

专家说，底特律市的土地面积

and the borough of Manhattan

相当于波士顿、

will fit in the land area of the city of Detroit.

旧金山和曼哈顿区的全部。

They further go on to say

他们还说

that 40 square miles of the city is vacant.

这城市有40平方英里的闲置土地，

That's a quarter to a third of the city,

相当于整座城市的1/4至1/3，

and with that level of emptiness,

由于这种规模的空置，

it creates a landscape unlike any other big city.

它创造的景观 与其他大城市都不太一样。

So Detroit has this -- open land, fertile soil,

因此，底特律拥有的是： 开阔的土地、肥沃的土壤、

邻近的水源、

proximity to water,

willing labor

勤奋爱劳动的人民、

and a desperate demand for healthy, fresh food.

以及对健康、新鲜食品的迫切需求。

All of this has created a people-powered grassroots movement

所有这一切造就了底特律人的

草根行动，

of people in Detroit

who are transforming this city

他们正在把这座城市

from what was the capital of American industry

从美国工业之都

into an agrarian paradise.

转变成一个农业天堂。

（掌声）

(Applause)

You know, I think, out of all the cities in the world,

我认为，在世界所有城市中，

Detroit, Michigan, is best positioned to serve as the world's urban exemplar

密歇根州底特律市的地位堪称

of food security and sustainable development.

食品安全和持续发展城市的典范。

In Detroit, we have over 1,500, yes, 1,500

如今，在底特律各地， 有1500多个

gardens and farms located all across the city today.

种植园和农场。

And these aren't plots of land

而这些并不只是

where we're just growing tomatoes and carrots either.

种植西红柿和胡萝卜的一块块土地。

You understand, urban agriculture in Detroit is all about community,

底特律的城市农业 重点在于社区，

because we grow together.

因为我们一起种植，

So these spaces are spaces of conviviality.

所以这些空间是欢乐融洽的地方。

These spaces are places where we're building social cohesion

这些空间是我们建设 社会凝聚力的地方，

as well as providing healthy, fresh food

也为我们的朋友、家人和邻居们

to our friends, our families and our neighbors.

提供健康、新鲜的食物。

Come walk with me.

跟我看一看吧。

I want to take you through a few Detroit neighborhoods,

我想带你们看几个底特律社区，

and I want you to see what it looks like when you empower local leadership,

我希望你们看到， 当你们赋予地方领导人权力时，

and when you support grassroots movements

当你们支持那些在低收入社区

of folks who are moving the needle in low-income communities

发挥重要作用的人们 和有色人种的基层运动时，

and people of color.

情况会是怎样的。

Our first stop, Oakland Avenue Farms.

我们的第一站，奥克兰大道农场。

Oakland Avenue Farms is located in Detroit's North End neighborhood.

奥克兰大道农场位于 底特律北端区附近。

Oakland Avenue Farms is transforming into a five-acre landscape

奥克兰大道农场正在变成

combining art, architecture, sustainable ecologies

结合了艺术、建筑、 可持续生态和新的市场实践

and new market practices.

的五英亩景区。

In the truest sense of the word,

真正意义上讲，

this is what agriculture looks like in the city of Detroit.

这就是底特律城市农业的现状。

I've had the opportunity to work with Oakland Avenue Farms

我曾有机会与奥克兰大道农场合作，

in hosting Detroit-grown and made farm-to-table dinners.

举办底特律主持和发起的 “农场直达餐桌”晚宴活动。

These are dinners where we bring folks onto the farm,

我们把客人带到农场，

we give them plenty of time and opportunity

给他们足够的时间和机会

与种植者见面、聊天，

to meet and greet and talk to the grower,

and then they're taken on a farm tour.

然后带他们到农场参观。

And then afterwards, they're treated to a farm-to-table meal

随后，他们会享用 一位大厨准备的

“农场直达餐桌”晚宴，

prepared by a chef

who showcases all the produce on the farm right at the peak of its freshness.

大厨在农作物正是最新鲜的时候 展示农场的产品。

We do that.

那正是我们所做的。

We bring people onto the farm,

我们把人们带到农场，

we have folks sitting around a table,

让大家围坐在桌旁，

because we want to change people's relationship to food.

因为我们想改变 人们与食物的关系。

We want them to know exactly where their food comes from

我们希望他们确切知道 他们的食物来自哪里，

that is grown on that farm that's on the plate.

盘子里的菜正是 那个农场里种出来的。

My second stop,

我的第二站，

I'm going to take you on the west side of Detroit,

我要带你到底特律西边的

to the Brightmoor neighborhood.

布莱特摩尔街区。

Now, Brightmoor is a lower-income community in Detroit.

布莱特摩尔是底特律的 一个低收入社区。

There's about 13,000 residents in Brightmoor.

布莱特摩尔有大约1万3千居民。

They decided to take a block-by-block-by-block strategy.

他们决定采取一个街区 接着一个街区的策略。

So within the neighborhood of Brightmoor,

所以在布莱特摩尔的社区内，

you'll find a 21-block microneighborhood called Brightmoor Farmway.

你会看到一个叫做“布莱特摩尔农场路”， 由21个街区组成的微社区。

Now, what was a notorious, unsafe, underserved community

曾经臭名昭著、危险、 服务水平低下的社区

has transformed into a welcoming, beautiful, safe farmway,

已经变成了一个热情、 美丽、安全的农场，

lush with parks and gardens and farms and greenhouses.

郁郁葱葱的公园、花园、 农场和温室。

This tight-knit community also came together recently,

这个紧密团结的社区 最近还聚在一起，

and they purchased an abandoned building,

购买了一栋

an abandoned building that was in disrepair and in foreclosure.

破损失修且被收回的废弃建筑。

And with the help of friends and families and volunteers,

在朋友、家属和志愿者的帮助下，

they were able to take down the bulletproof glass,

他们成功拆下防弹玻璃，

they were able to clean up the grounds

成功清理了地面，

and they transformed that building into a community kitchen,

把这个建筑物变成了社区厨房，

into a cafe, into a storefront.

变成了咖啡馆，变成了店面。

Now the farmers and the food artisans who live in Brightmoor,

现在生活在布莱克摩尔的 农民和美食匠人，

they have a place where they can make and sell their product.

他们拥有了一个地方 去制造和销售他们的产品。

And the people in the community

而且社区的人们

have some place where they can buy healthy, fresh food.

也有地方购买健康、新鲜的食物。

Urban agriculture -- and this is my third example --

城市农业—— 这是我的第三个例子——

can be used as a way to lift up the business cooperative model.

可以作为提升商业合作模式的方式。

The 1,500 farms and gardens I told you about earlier?

还记得我早些时候告诉你的 1500个农场和种植园吗？

“底特律持续种植”是一个

Keep Growing Detroit is a nonprofit organization

that had a lot to do with those farms.

与这些农场关系密切 的非营利组织。

They distributed last year 70,000 packets of seeds

他们去年分发了7万包种子

and a quarter of a million transplants,

和25万颗移栽植物，

and as a result of that last year,

因此，去年，

550,000 pounds of produce

有55万磅农作物

was grown in the city of Detroit.

是在底特律市内出产的。

(Applause)

（掌声）

But aside from all of that,

除此之外，

they also manage and operate a cooperative.

他们还管理和经营着一家合作社。

It's called Grown in Detroit.

叫做“底特律出产”。

It consists of about 70 farmers,

它由大约70个

small farmers.

小农场主组成。

They all grow, and they sell together.

他们全都一起种植，一起销售。

They grow fruits,

他们种水果，

they grow vegetables,

他们种蔬菜，

they grow flowers,

他们种花卉，

they grow herbs in healthy soil,

在健康的土壤中种植药草，

free of chemicals, pesticides, fertilizers,

种植不含化学物质、杀虫剂、肥料、

genetically modified products --

不含转基因的产品——

healthy food.

健康食品。

And when their product is sold

当他们的产品

all over the city of Detroit in local markets,

遍布底特律的本地市场时，

they get a hundred percent of the proceeds from the sale.

他们会获得100%的销售利润。

In a city like Detroit,

在像底特律这样的城市里，

where far too many, far too many African Americans are dying

太多太多的非洲裔美国人

as a result of diet-related diseases,

因饮食相关的疾病而死亡。

restaurants, they have a huge role to play

餐馆，在增加底特律市

in increasing healthy food access in the city of Detroit,

健康食物可获取性方面 发挥着巨大的作用，

culturally appropriate restaurants.

在文化上适宜的餐馆。

Enter Detroit Vegan Soul.

请走进“底特律素食灵魂”。

Yes, we have a vegan soul food restaurant in the city of Detroit.

是的，我们在底特律市 有一家纯素食的灵魂餐厅。

(Applause)

（掌声）

Yes, yes.

是的，是的。

Detroit Vegan Soul is providing Detroiters the opportunity

“底特律素食灵魂”为底特律人提供了

to eat more plant-based meals

多吃点植物性餐食的机会，

and they've received an overwhelming response from Detroiters.

并且已经得到底特律人的热烈响应。

Detroiters are hungry for culturally appropriate,

底特律人渴望文化上适宜的、

fresh, delicious food.

新鲜、美味的食物。

That's why we built a nonprofit organization called FoodLab Detroit,

因此我们建立了一个名为 “底特律食物实验室”的非营利组织，

to help small neighborhood burgeoning food entrepreneurs

以帮助社区新兴的小食品企业

start and scale healthy food businesses.

启动并扩大健康食品业务。

FoodLab provides these entrepreneurs incubation,

“食物实验室”为这些企业家提供孵化、

hands-on education, workshops,

实践教育、研讨会、

technical assistance, access to industry experts

技术援助和行业专家指导，

so that they can grow and scale.

使他们能够发展壮大。

They're very small businesses,

他们是非常小的企业，

but last year, they had a combined revenue

但去年，他们的总收入

of over 7.5 million dollars,

超过了750万美元，

and they provided 252 jobs.

还提供了252个就业机会。

Listen.

听好。

(Applause)

（鼓掌）

These are just a few examples

这些只是寥寥几个例子，

on how you expand opportunities

来说明如何扩大机会，

so that everybody can participate

让每个人都可以参与进来，

and prosper,

并繁荣兴盛，

particularly those who come from neighborhoods

尤其是长久以来 被排除在这种机会之外的，

that have been historically excluded from these types of opportunities.

社区的那些人。

I know, I know.

我知道，我知道。

My city is a long way from succeeding.

我的城市离成功还很远。

We're still struggling,

但我们仍在努力，

and I'm not going to stand here on this stage and tell you

我不想站在这个舞台上告诉各位，

that all of Detroit's problems and all of Detroit's challenges

底特律所有的问题 和底特律所有的挑战，

are going to be solved through urban agriculture.

都将通过城市的农业来解决。

I'm not going to do that,

我不会那么说，

but I will tell you this:

但是我会告诉你们的是：

urban agriculture has Detroit thinking about its city

城市农业让底特律

now in a different way,

以一种不同的方式 看待这个城市，

a city that can be both urban and rural.

这个城市既可以是城市 又可以是乡村。

是的，我知道，这些故事很小，

And yes, I know, these stories are small,

these stories are neighborhood-based stories,

这些故事是以邻里为基础的故事，

but these stories are powerful.

但这些故事是强大的。

They're powerful because I'm showing you how we're creating a new society

它们的强大在于 我向各位展示了如何

从旧时代支离破碎的地域和空间 留下的空隙中创造新天地。

left vacant in the places and the spaces that was disintegration from the old.

They're powerful stories because they're stories about love,

它们是强大的故事， 因为那是关于爱的故事，

the love that Detroiters have for one another,

底特律人对彼此的爱，

the love that we have for our community, the love that we have for Mother Earth,

我们对社区的爱， 我们对大地母亲的爱，

更重要的是，这些故事说明

but more importantly, these stories are stories

on how devastation, despair, decay

荒废、绝望、衰败

never ever get the last word in the city of Detroit.

绝不是底特律市的终点。

When hundreds of thousands of people left Detroit,

成千上万的人离开底特律，

and they left us for dead, those who stayed had hope.

留下我们自生自灭， 而留下的人怀有希望。

They held on to hope.

他们坚持怀抱希望。

They never gave up.

他们从未放弃。

They always kept fighting.

他们一直在战斗。

And listen, I know,

听着，我知道，

transforming a big city like Detroit to one that is prosperous,

把底特律这样一个大城市转变成

one that's functional, one that's healthy,

繁荣、运转正常、健康、

one that's inclusive, one that provides opportunities for all,

包容、为所有人提供机会的城市，

I know it's tough,

我知道很艰苦，

I know it's challenging, I know it's hard.

我知道这很有挑战性， 我知道这很难。

But I just believe

但我相信，

如果我们开始加强 我们社区的社交结构，

that if we start strengthening the social fabric of our communities,

and if we kickstart economic opportunities in our most vulnerable neighborhoods,

如果我们在最弱势的地区 启动经济发展机会，

it all starts with healthy, accessible,

那么一切都将始于健康、可得、

delicious, culturally appropriate food.

美味、文化适宜的食物。

Thank you very much.

非常感谢。

(Applause)

（掌声）

Thank you.

谢谢。