請雙擊下方英文字幕播放視頻。
譯者: Lilian Chiu
審譯者: Adrienne Lin
00:13
I'm from Detroit.
0
13000
1200
我來自底特律。
00:15
(Applause)
1
15200
3696
(掌聲)
00:18
A city that in the 1950s
was the world's industrial giant,
2
18920
5000
在五○年代,這個城市
是世界上的工業巨人,
00:24
with a population of 1.8 million people
3
24760
2736
有 180 萬人口,
00:27
and 140 square miles
of land and infrastructure,
4
27520
4576
以及 140 平方英哩的
土地和基礎建設,
00:32
used to support this booming,
Midwestern urban center.
5
32120
3720
用來支援這個興旺的
美國中西部都市中心。
00:37
And now today,
6
37040
2096
而現今,
00:39
just a half a century later,
7
39160
1720
僅僅半世紀之後,
00:41
Detroit is the poster child
for urban decay.
8
41920
3360
底特律成了都市衰退的典型代表。
00:46
Currently in Detroit,
our population is under 700,000,
9
46200
4136
目前,底特律的人口數不到 70 萬,
00:50
of which 84 percent are African American,
10
50360
3456
當中有 84% 是非裔美國人,
00:53
and due to decades of disinvestment
11
53840
3280
因為數十年來的撤資
00:57
and capital flight
12
57920
2136
以及資金外流,
01:00
from the city into the suburbs,
13
60080
2800
從城市外流到郊區,
01:04
there is a scarcity in Detroit.
14
64000
2080
在底特律出現了蕭條。
01:07
There is a scarcity of retail,
15
67120
2496
零售業出現蕭條,
01:09
more specifically, fresh food retail,
16
69640
5296
更明確來說,
是新鮮食物零售出現蕭條,
01:14
resulting in a city
where 70 percent of Detroiters
17
74960
3616
結果是,有 70% 的底特律人
01:18
are obese and overweight,
18
78600
1640
肥胖或過重,
01:21
and they struggle.
19
81240
1200
他們很辛苦。
01:23
They struggle to access
nutritious food that they need,
20
83160
3240
他們要很辛苦才能找到
他們需要的營養食物,
01:27
that they need to stay healthy,
21
87600
3256
他們需要這些食物來保持健康,
01:30
that they need to prevent premature
illness and diet-related diseases.
22
90880
4896
他們需要這些食物來預防過早
有身體不適及飲食相關的疾病。
01:35
Far too many Detroiters
live closer to a fast food restaurant
23
95800
5696
太多太多底特律人
住的地方靠近速食餐廳、
01:41
or to a convenience store,
or to a gas station
24
101520
3296
或便利商店、或加油站,
01:44
where they have to shop for food
25
104840
2056
他們必須在這些地方買食物,
01:46
than they do a full-service supermarket.
26
106920
3280
而找不到完整服務的超市。
01:51
And this is not good news
about the city of Detroit,
27
111680
4000
這對底特律而言並不是好消息,
01:56
but this is the news
28
116960
3216
但這是底特律人「打算」
02:00
and the story
29
120200
1376
要去改變的
02:01
that Detroiters intend to change.
30
121600
2976
消息和故事。
02:04
No, I'm going to take that back.
31
124600
1650
不,我收回那句話。
02:07
This is the story
that Detroiters are changing,
32
127000
4336
這是底特律人「正在」試著改變的故事,
02:11
through urban agriculture
and food entrepreneurship.
33
131360
3760
透過都市農業
和食物企業經營來做改變。
02:16
Here's the thing:
34
136080
1416
重點是這個:
02:17
because of Detroit's recent history,
35
137520
2376
因為底特律近期的歷史,
02:19
it now finds itself
36
139920
2056
以致於現在,
02:22
with some very unique assets,
37
142000
2920
它有著一些非常獨特的資產,
02:25
open land being one of them.
38
145600
2080
其中之一是開放的土地。
02:28
Experts say that the entire cities
of Boston, San Francisco,
39
148600
5056
專家說,波士頓、舊金山,
02:33
and the borough of Manhattan
40
153680
1536
和曼哈頓行政區全部相加的面積
02:35
will fit in the land area
of the city of Detroit.
41
155240
3280
還比底特律市的土地面積小。
02:39
They further go on to say
42
159040
1536
他們進一步說,
02:40
that 40 square miles
of the city is vacant.
43
160600
3680
該城市有 40 平方英哩的
空間是空著的。
02:45
That's a quarter to a third of the city,
44
165040
2856
那是城市面積的
四分之一到三分之一,
02:47
and with that level of emptiness,
45
167920
1776
這麼空曠的程度,
02:49
it creates a landscape
unlike any other big city.
46
169720
4560
創造出來的景色
也和其他大城市很不同。
02:54
So Detroit has this --
open land, fertile soil,
47
174840
5176
所以,底特律有這些:
開放土地、肥沃土壤、
03:00
proximity to water,
48
180040
2016
離水很近的位置、
03:02
willing labor
49
182080
1776
勞動的意願、
03:03
and a desperate demand
for healthy, fresh food.
50
183880
2600
以及對於新鮮健康食物的高度需求。
03:07
All of this has created
a people-powered grassroots movement
51
187480
4536
這一切加起來,創造出了
由人民推動的草根運動,
03:12
of people in Detroit
52
192040
1536
參與者是底特律的人,
03:13
who are transforming this city
53
193600
2136
他們在把這個城市做轉變,
03:15
from what was the capital
of American industry
54
195760
3040
從過去美國工業的首都,
03:19
into an agrarian paradise.
55
199760
1760
變成農耕的天堂。
03:22
(Applause)
56
202306
1150
(掌聲)
03:23
You know, I think,
out of all the cities in the world,
57
203480
4056
我認為,在全世界所有的城市中,
03:27
Detroit, Michigan, is best positioned
to serve as the world's urban exemplar
58
207560
5776
在食物安全以及永續發展方面,
密西根的底特律
03:33
of food security
and sustainable development.
59
213360
3536
最適合成為世界的都市典範。
03:36
In Detroit, we have over 1,500, yes, 1,500
60
216920
5016
現今,在底特律,
有 1500 個,是的,
03:41
gardens and farms
located all across the city today.
61
221960
4656
1500 個花園和農田,遍及全市。
03:46
And these aren't plots of land
62
226640
1536
這些也不是只被我們
03:48
where we're just growing
tomatoes and carrots either.
63
228200
2800
拿來種植蕃茄和蘿蔔的小塊土地。
03:51
You understand, urban agriculture
in Detroit is all about community,
64
231640
4496
你們要了解,底特律的
都市農業重點在於社群,
03:56
because we grow together.
65
236160
1856
因為我們一起成長。
03:58
So these spaces
are spaces of conviviality.
66
238040
3376
所以這些空間是歡快友好的空間。
04:01
These spaces are places
where we're building social cohesion
67
241440
3976
我們在這些地方建立社會融和,
04:05
as well as providing healthy, fresh food
68
245440
4376
也把新鮮健康的食物
04:09
to our friends, our families
and our neighbors.
69
249840
3336
提供給我們的親朋好友和鄰居。
04:13
Come walk with me.
70
253200
1536
來跟我走一趟。
04:14
I want to take you
through a few Detroit neighborhoods,
71
254760
2616
我想要帶你們走過
幾個底特律的鄰里,
04:17
and I want you to see what it looks like
when you empower local leadership,
72
257400
4376
我想要讓你們看看,當你們
將權力賦予地方的領導者、
04:21
and when you support grassroots movements
73
261800
2936
支持由在低收入社區中有影響力的人
04:24
of folks who are moving the needle
in low-income communities
74
264760
3816
以及有色人種所進行的草根運動時,
04:28
and people of color.
75
268600
1536
情況會是什麼樣子。
04:30
Our first stop, Oakland Avenue Farms.
76
270160
3056
我們的第一站,奧克蘭大道農場。
04:33
Oakland Avenue Farms is located
in Detroit's North End neighborhood.
77
273240
5176
奧克蘭大道農場位在
底特律北端的鄰坊中,
04:38
Oakland Avenue Farms is transforming
into a five-acre landscape
78
278440
4696
奧克蘭大道農場正在
轉變為五英畝的景色,
04:43
combining art, architecture,
sustainable ecologies
79
283160
4096
結合了藝術、建築、永續生態、
04:47
and new market practices.
80
287280
2056
以及新的市場做法。
04:49
In the truest sense of the word,
81
289360
1736
在最真實的意義上,
04:51
this is what agriculture
looks like in the city of Detroit.
82
291120
4240
在底特律的農業
看起來就是這個樣子的。
04:56
I've had the opportunity
to work with Oakland Avenue Farms
83
296800
3856
我有機會和奧克蘭大道農場合作,
05:00
in hosting Detroit-grown and made
farm-to-table dinners.
84
300680
4160
主辦「農場到餐桌」晚餐會,
用底特律種植及製作的食物。
05:05
These are dinners
where we bring folks onto the farm,
85
305440
3056
在這些晚餐會,
我們會帶人們到農場來,
05:08
we give them plenty
of time and opportunity
86
308520
2456
我們給予他們很足夠的時間和機會,
05:11
to meet and greet and talk to the grower,
87
311000
3096
可以會見種植者,
和他們打招呼、聊天,
05:14
and then they're taken on a farm tour.
88
314120
2176
接著他們會被帶去參觀農場。
05:16
And then afterwards,
they're treated to a farm-to-table meal
89
316320
5776
之後,他們能享用
「農場到餐桌」餐點,
05:22
prepared by a chef
90
322120
1936
餐點由一位主廚來準備,
05:24
who showcases all the produce on the farm
right at the peak of its freshness.
91
324080
5800
他會讓農場所有的產物
在最新鮮的時候亮相。
05:30
We do that.
92
330320
1216
我們是那樣做的。
05:31
We bring people onto the farm,
93
331560
1896
我們把人們帶到農場,
05:33
we have folks sitting around a table,
94
333480
2216
我們讓人們圍著桌子坐下,
05:35
because we want to change
people's relationship to food.
95
335720
3336
因為我們想要改變
人們與食物的關係。
05:39
We want them to know
exactly where their food comes from
96
339080
4256
我們希望他們能清楚
知道食物來自何處,
05:43
that is grown on that farm
that's on the plate.
97
343360
3816
盤子中的食物,
正是在那個農場中生長的。
05:47
My second stop,
98
347200
1576
我的第二站,
05:48
I'm going to take you
on the west side of Detroit,
99
348800
2656
我要帶你們去底特律的西區,
05:51
to the Brightmoor neighborhood.
100
351480
1776
去布萊特摩爾區。
05:53
Now, Brightmoor is
a lower-income community in Detroit.
101
353280
2720
現在,布萊特摩爾是
底特律的低收入區。
05:56
There's about 13,000
residents in Brightmoor.
102
356720
2760
布萊特摩爾的居民數大約 13000。
06:00
They decided to take
a block-by-block-by-block strategy.
103
360240
5016
他們決定採用的策略是
一個街區一個街區來做。
06:05
So within the neighborhood of Brightmoor,
104
365280
2496
所以,在布萊特摩爾的鄰坊中,
06:07
you'll find a 21-block microneighborhood
called Brightmoor Farmway.
105
367800
4880
可以找到一個 21 街區的
微鄰坊,叫做布萊特摩爾農道。
06:13
Now, what was a notorious,
unsafe, underserved community
106
373160
5256
這裡曾經是個惡名昭彰、不安全、
得不到充分服務的社區,
06:18
has transformed into a welcoming,
beautiful, safe farmway,
107
378440
4736
現在已轉變為一個歡迎人、
漂亮、安全的農道,
06:23
lush with parks and gardens
and farms and greenhouses.
108
383200
3760
裡面滿是公園、花園、
農場,以及溫室。
06:27
This tight-knit community
also came together recently,
109
387720
3216
這個緊室接合的社區
也是近期才建起來的,
06:30
and they purchased an abandoned building,
110
390960
2376
他們買下了一棟廢棄的建築,
06:33
an abandoned building
that was in disrepair and in foreclosure.
111
393360
4456
這棟廢棄的建築失修破損,
且喪失抵押品贖回權。
06:37
And with the help of friends
and families and volunteers,
112
397840
3176
在朋友、家人、志工的協助下,
06:41
they were able to take down
the bulletproof glass,
113
401040
2736
他們能夠把防彈玻璃拆除,
06:43
they were able to clean up the grounds
114
403800
1856
他們能夠把地板清理乾淨,
06:45
and they transformed that building
into a community kitchen,
115
405680
3816
他們把那建築轉變成了社區廚房、
06:49
into a cafe, into a storefront.
116
409520
2776
咖啡廳,以及店面。
06:52
Now the farmers and the food artisans
who live in Brightmoor,
117
412320
3776
現在,住在布萊特摩爾的
農夫以及食物工匠
06:56
they have a place where they
can make and sell their product.
118
416120
3096
有個地方可以讓他們製作
和販售他們的產品。
06:59
And the people in the community
119
419240
1536
而社區內的人
07:00
have some place where they can buy
healthy, fresh food.
120
420800
3040
也有地方可以購買新鮮健康的食物。
07:04
Urban agriculture --
and this is my third example --
121
424720
2616
我的第三個例子是,都市農業
07:07
can be used as a way to lift up
the business cooperative model.
122
427360
5000
可以被用來當作是振興
這個企業合作模型的方式。
07:12
The 1,500 farms and gardens
I told you about earlier?
123
432960
4016
我先前告訴各位的
1500 個農場和花園?
「持續種植底特律」是個非營利組織,
07:17
Keep Growing Detroit
is a nonprofit organization
124
437000
2256
07:19
that had a lot to do with those farms.
125
439280
2360
那些農場和它很有關係。
07:22
They distributed last year
70,000 packets of seeds
126
442800
4976
去年,他們分發了七萬包種子、
07:27
and a quarter of a million transplants,
127
447800
3536
25 萬株移植苗木,
07:31
and as a result of that last year,
128
451360
2056
而去年的成果是
07:33
550,000 pounds of produce
129
453440
3896
有 55 萬磅的農產品
07:37
was grown in the city of Detroit.
130
457360
3256
是在底特律種植的。
07:40
(Applause)
131
460640
3760
(掌聲)
07:46
But aside from all of that,
132
466880
2016
但除了這些之外,
07:48
they also manage
and operate a cooperative.
133
468920
3576
他們也想辦法營運了一間合作社。
07:52
It's called Grown in Detroit.
134
472520
1896
叫做「種於底特律」。
07:54
It consists of about 70 farmers,
135
474440
3256
成員有 70 位農夫,
07:57
small farmers.
136
477720
1496
都是小農夫。
07:59
They all grow, and they sell together.
137
479240
3040
他們都會種植,然後一起販售。
08:03
They grow fruits,
138
483160
2416
他們會種水果,
08:05
they grow vegetables,
139
485600
1200
他們會種蔬菜,
08:07
they grow flowers,
140
487520
1776
他們會種花,
08:09
they grow herbs in healthy soil,
141
489320
2936
他們會在健康土壤上種藥草,
08:12
free of chemicals,
pesticides, fertilizers,
142
492280
2936
沒有化學物質、農藥、肥料、
08:15
genetically modified products --
143
495240
2336
基因改造產品,
08:17
healthy food.
144
497600
1520
這些都是健康食物。
08:19
And when their product is sold
145
499520
2016
當他們的產品在底特律
08:21
all over the city of Detroit
in local markets,
146
501560
2856
全市各處的當地市場中賣掉時,
08:24
they get a hundred percent
of the proceeds from the sale.
147
504440
2680
他們從銷售得到的收益是 100%。
08:28
In a city like Detroit,
148
508920
1560
在底特律這樣子的城市,
08:31
where far too many, far too many
African Americans are dying
149
511320
5456
有太多太多非裔美國人的死於
08:36
as a result of diet-related diseases,
150
516800
2680
飲食相關疾病,
08:40
restaurants, they have a huge role to play
151
520400
3016
因此餐廳扮演了很重要的角色,
08:43
in increasing healthy food access
in the city of Detroit,
152
523440
3416
來協助增加健康食物
在底特律的可得性,
08:46
culturally appropriate restaurants.
153
526880
2416
在文化契合之餐廳中的可得性。
08:49
Enter Detroit Vegan Soul.
154
529320
1736
這就要談到「底特律
全素靈魂餐廳」了。
08:51
Yes, we have a vegan soul food restaurant
in the city of Detroit.
155
531080
5456
是的,在底特律也有賣傳統食物的素食餐廳了。
08:56
(Applause)
156
536560
1216
(掌聲)
08:57
Yes, yes.
157
537800
1480
是的,是的。
09:00
Detroit Vegan Soul
is providing Detroiters the opportunity
158
540200
4056
「底特律全素靈魂」讓底特律人有機會
09:04
to eat more plant-based meals
159
544280
3416
吃到更多素食餐點,
09:07
and they've received an overwhelming
response from Detroiters.
160
547720
3776
且底特律人對這間餐廳的反應非常棒。
09:11
Detroiters are hungry
for culturally appropriate,
161
551520
2536
底特律人很渴望能有文化契合的、
09:14
fresh, delicious food.
162
554080
1920
新鮮、好吃的食物。
09:16
That's why we built a nonprofit
organization called FoodLab Detroit,
163
556720
3736
因此我們建立了一個非營利組織,
叫做「底特律食物實驗室」,
09:20
to help small neighborhood
burgeoning food entrepreneurs
164
560480
3096
來協助鄰坊中正在
快速發展的小型創業家,
09:23
start and scale healthy food businesses.
165
563600
2880
開始做健康食物生意並擴展規模。
09:26
FoodLab provides
these entrepreneurs incubation,
166
566840
3456
食物實驗室提供這些創業家籌劃、
09:30
hands-on education, workshops,
167
570320
2416
實做教育訓練、工作坊、
09:32
technical assistance,
access to industry experts
168
572760
3376
技術協助,和產業專家接觸的門徑,
09:36
so that they can grow and scale.
169
576160
1680
讓他們能夠成長和擴展。
09:38
They're very small businesses,
170
578600
1456
他們的企業很小,
09:40
but last year, they had a combined revenue
171
580080
3256
但去年,他們加起來的收益
09:43
of over 7.5 million dollars,
172
583360
2536
超過 750 萬美金,
09:45
and they provided 252 jobs.
173
585920
3296
且他們提供了 252 個工作機會。
09:49
Listen.
174
589240
1216
聽著...
09:50
(Applause)
175
590480
2776
(掌聲)
09:53
These are just a few examples
176
593280
3120
這些只是少數的例子,
09:57
on how you expand opportunities
177
597240
3976
說明你要如何拓展機會,
10:01
so that everybody can participate
178
601240
3456
讓每個人都可以參與,
10:04
and prosper,
179
604720
1376
一起昌盛,
10:06
particularly those
who come from neighborhoods
180
606120
3976
特別是那些在歷史上
10:10
that have been historically excluded
from these types of opportunities.
181
610120
4200
所住區域都沒有這類機會的人。
10:14
I know, I know.
182
614880
2160
我知道,我知道。
10:17
My city is a long way from succeeding.
183
617880
3360
我的城市和成功的距離很遠。
10:22
We're still struggling,
184
622040
1416
我們仍然在掙扎,
10:23
and I'm not going to stand here
on this stage and tell you
185
623480
2816
我不會站在台上這裡告訴你們
10:26
that all of Detroit's problems
and all of Detroit's challenges
186
626320
3416
底特律所有的問題和挑戰
10:29
are going to be solved
through urban agriculture.
187
629760
2936
都能透過都市農業來解決。
10:32
I'm not going to do that,
188
632720
1656
我不會這麼做,
10:34
but I will tell you this:
189
634400
2096
但我會告訴你們這一點:
10:36
urban agriculture
has Detroit thinking about its city
190
636520
3376
都市農業讓底特律
現在能夠用不同的方式
10:39
now in a different way,
191
639920
1576
來看待這個城市,
10:41
a city that can be both urban and rural.
192
641520
3840
這個城市能同時是都市又是郊區。
10:46
And yes, I know, these stories are small,
193
646000
2656
是的,我知道,
這些故事都是小故事,
10:48
these stories are
neighborhood-based stories,
194
648680
2856
這些故事都是鄰坊的故事,
10:51
but these stories are powerful.
195
651560
2056
但這些故事很強大。
10:53
They're powerful because I'm showing you
how we're creating a new society
196
653640
3816
它們很強大是因為,
我向各位展現出一個新的社會
10:57
left vacant in the places and the spaces
that was disintegration from the old.
197
657480
5776
是如何從一個曾在歷史洪流中
被遺忘瓦解的城市重生而出的。
11:03
They're powerful stories
because they're stories about love,
198
663280
3336
這些故事強大,
因為它們是關於愛的故事,
11:06
the love that Detroiters have
for one another,
199
666640
2176
底特律人對彼此的愛,
11:08
the love that we have for our community,
the love that we have for Mother Earth,
200
668840
3816
我們對社區的愛,
我們對大地之母的愛,
11:12
but more importantly,
these stories are stories
201
672680
2496
更重要的是,這些故事
11:15
on how devastation, despair, decay
202
675200
5016
是關於荒廢、絕望、衰落
11:20
never ever get the last word
in the city of Detroit.
203
680240
4856
在底特律市裡永遠不會取得決定權。
11:25
When hundreds of thousands
of people left Detroit,
204
685120
3016
當數十萬人離開底特律時,
11:28
and they left us for dead,
those who stayed had hope.
205
688160
3256
他們丟下我們等死,
而留下的人抱有希望。
11:31
They held on to hope.
206
691440
1776
他們緊抓著希望。
11:33
They never gave up.
207
693240
1296
他們從不放棄。
11:34
They always kept fighting.
208
694560
2616
他們總是持續奮戰。
11:37
And listen, I know,
209
697200
1256
聽著,我知道,
11:38
transforming a big city like Detroit
to one that is prosperous,
210
698480
3976
把底特律這麼大的城市
轉變成一個繁榮、
11:42
one that's functional, one that's healthy,
211
702480
2456
有功能性、健康、包容、
11:44
one that's inclusive,
one that provides opportunities for all,
212
704960
3136
且能提供機會給所有人的城市,
11:48
I know it's tough,
213
708120
1536
我知道很艱難,
11:49
I know it's challenging, I know it's hard.
214
709680
2376
我知道很有挑戰,我知道很不容易。
11:52
But I just believe
215
712080
1240
但我就是相信,
11:54
that if we start strengthening
the social fabric of our communities,
216
714080
3576
如果我們能開始強化社區的社會結構,
11:57
and if we kickstart economic opportunities
in our most vulnerable neighborhoods,
217
717680
5056
如果我們在最脆弱的鄰坊中
推動經濟機會,
12:02
it all starts with healthy, accessible,
218
722760
4136
這一切都始於健康、可取得、
12:06
delicious, culturally appropriate food.
219
726920
4176
美味、與文化契合的食物。
12:11
Thank you very much.
220
731120
1216
非常謝謝。
12:12
(Applause)
221
732360
3240
(掌聲)
12:18
Thank you.
222
738800
1200
謝謝。
New videos
Original video on YouTube.com
關於本網站
本網站將向您介紹對學習英語有用的 YouTube 視頻。 您將看到來自世界各地的一流教師教授的英語課程。 雙擊每個視頻頁面上顯示的英文字幕,從那裡播放視頻。 字幕與視頻播放同步滾動。 如果您有任何意見或要求,請使用此聯繫表與我們聯繫。