What if You Could Sing in Your Favorite Musician's Voice? | Holly Herndon | TED

翻译人员: Yip Yan Yeung 校对人员: Grace Man

(Overlapping voices sing)

（歌声重叠）

(Singing ends)

（歌声结束）

(Applause)

（掌声）

Hi, my name is Holly, and I’m an artist.

大家好，我叫霍莉（Holly）， 我是一个艺术家。

That was my voice,

这是我的声音，

but I didn’t sing that clip.

但是我没有亲自唱这段。

I trained an AI on my own voice,

我训练了基于我自己声音的 AI （人工智能），

and now she can sing anything in multiple languages.

她可以以多种语言 演唱任何歌曲。

Her name is Holly+,

她叫霍莉+（Holly+），

and you just heard her perform “El Cant de la Sibilla,”

各位刚刚听到的是她演唱的 《西贝尔之歌》（El Cant de la Sibilla），

which is a traditional song arranged by Maria Arnal in Catalan.

由玛利亚·阿纳尔（Maria Arnal） 以加泰罗尼亚语编曲的传统歌曲。

Not a language that I speak

我不讲这种语言，

and not a vocal tradition that I've trained in.

我也没有这种发声方式。

Those melismatic runs are really difficult to hit.

唱这么多段美声可是非常难的。

To show you Holly+'s full range, I'll also play an example in German.

我来播放一段德语歌曲， 给大家展示一下霍莉+的各种语言能力。

This is "Mack the Knife" by Brecht.

来自布莱希特（Brecht）的 《小麦飞刀》（Mack the Knife）。

(Singing in German)

（德语演唱）

(Music ends)

（音乐结束）

Of course Holly+ can -- thank you.

霍莉+当然可以……谢谢。

(Applause)

（掌声）

Of course, Holly+ can also perform my own music,

霍莉+当然可以唱出 我自己的作品，

so here's an excerpt from my own song, "Frontier."

以下为我自己的歌曲 《边界》（Frontier）的节选。

(Singing "Frontier" in overlapping voices)

（歌声重叠演唱《边界》）

(Singing ends)

（演唱结束）

Holly+ uses a process called timbre transfer,

霍莉+使用的技术称为“音色迁移” （timbre transfer），

where the timbre, or sound quality of one sound,

音色，或声音的音质，

may be mapped onto the performance of another.

可以映射到另一个音乐作品上。

Timbre transfer is done by creating a machine-learning model of a sound.

音色迁移的过程通过搭建 基于这个声音的机器学习模型完成。

In this case, it's my voice.

在这个例子中， 这个声音即我的嗓音。

So I recorded a wide variety of phrases in my entire vocal range.

所以我录制了我本人 全音域上的各种词语。

To be clear, this version of Holly+ is reading notes from a score.

澄清一下，这个版本的霍莉+ 只是从乐谱上读音符。

So I'll also play you an example of her singing in Spanish,

所以我想给大家展示一个 以西班牙语演唱的例子，

“Bésame Mucho” by Velázquez.

来自委拉兹开斯（Velázquez）的 《深深地吻我吧》（Bésame Mucho）。

(Music: "Bésame Mucho")

（音乐：《深深地吻我吧》）

(Music ends)

（音乐结束）

Thank you.

谢谢。

(Applause)

（掌声）

I can't speak Spanish, by the way, so.

我可不会说西班牙语。

Teaching an AI the sonic properties of one sound

把声音的特性教给 AI，

in order to generate an entirely new sound

再产生一个全新的声音，

is what I like to call "spawning."

我将这个过程 称为“繁殖”（spawning）。

Spawning is what allows Holly+ to create a wide range of vocals

“繁殖”让霍莉+可以唱出

that I didn't sing

一大堆我没有唱过的歌曲，

from a set of recorded phrases that I did sing.

来自我亲口录下的词语录音。

I like to think of spawning as a kind of 21st-century corollary

我认为繁殖是 21 世纪音乐的

to the musical tradition of sampling,

传统采样方式的必然结果，

which had a really big impact on both music and intellectual property.

会对音乐产业和知识产权 产生巨大的影响。

But I think spawning is far more exciting and potentially really weird.

但是我认为繁殖还要有趣得多， 而且有可能非常奇怪。

(Laughter)

（笑声）

So, for example, with sampling,

比如，声音采样的过程是

usually you copy and remix a recording by someone else to create something new.

你复制并混合别人的录音， 创作一个新的作品。

But with spawning, you can perform as someone else

但是繁殖是 你可以基于他人的已训练数据

based on trained information about them.

以他人的演唱方式演唱。

And as an artist, this is making me rethink my own past work

作为一名艺术家，我受此启发 思考起了我以前的作品，

as not only my archive

因为不仅是我过往的作品，

but potentially also I myself could become reanimated with AI.

连我自己都会被 AI 赋予新生。

This also opens up the question

这也引出了一个问题：

of how we deal with a collective human archive

如果我们可以重新 让以往的媒体资料焕发新生，

if we can reanimate old media.

那我们该如何处理 全人类自己的老档案。

It opens up really big ethical

这引发了一个非常重要的伦理

and intellectual property questions

和知识产权问题，

that require entirely new conceptual and legal frameworks.

需要我们重新构想 我们的概念和法律。

One way that I like to think about intellectual property

关于知识产权， 我有一个想法

I call identity play.

叫做“身份扮演” （identity play）。

So rather than limiting the use of my voice,

我不但不会限制使用我的嗓音，

I'm creating instruments to allow as many people as possible

还会创造出工具， 邀请尽可能多的人

to create music with me, and even as me.

和我，甚至是以我的身份 一起创作音乐。

That's why I've made versions of Holly+ freely available

这也就是为什么我把 不同版本的霍莉+放在网上，

for anyone to use online.

供所有人免费使用。

If I can allow people to play with my IP,

如果我可以 让人们使用我的知识产权、

my digital identity, my intellectual property,

我的数字身份，

what might they come up with?

他们能做出什么东西呢？

Could someone else go on tour as me, with my permission?

会不会有人在我的允许下， 以我的身份开巡回演唱会呢？

Could I be in a thousand different bands in multiple languages?

我可以加入一千个 不同语种的乐队吗？

And what would that even sound like?

会是什么样的场景呢？

To be clear, musicians have been taught to be really protective over our IP,

澄清一下，音乐人一直 有着很强的知识产权保护意识，

and that's for really good reason.

这不是没有道理的。

But I'm trying to think of ways to make this new capability mutually beneficial.

但是我在思考 如何让这种意识使双方都能受益。

So to allow people to use my voice

所以，我让别人使用我的嗓音，

but still to maintain the ability to approve certain derivative works.

但是依旧拥有 审批某些衍生作品的权利。

So I invite you to consider, if given the opportunity,

我想请你思考一下， 如果有机会，

who would you like to perform through?

你想用谁的声音来唱歌？

And can you imagine someone else performing you?

你可以想象一下 别人用你的声音演唱吗？

With that in mind,

带着这样的想象，

I'd like to invite the incredible musician Pher to the stage.

有请优秀音乐人 Pher 来到舞台。

(Applause)

（掌声）

So today, Pher will be performing his own song, "Murky."

今天，Pher 将为我们演唱 他的歌曲《浑浊》（Murky）。

And with one microphone you'll hear Pher's beautiful, natural voice.

这个话筒是 Pher 优美自然的嗓音。

(Pher vocalizing)

（Pher 歌声）

(Audience cheers)

（观众欢呼声）

And with this microphone,

这个话筒是

you'll hear a live version of Holly+ developed with Voctro Labs.

Voctro Labs 开发的 霍莉+现场版本。

(Pher vocalizing in Holly+ voice)

（Pher 使用霍莉+的歌声）

(Laughter and applause)

（笑声和掌声）

Take it away Pher.

来吧，Pher。

(Pher singing "Murky")

（Pher 演唱《浑浊》）

It gets so murky

太浑浊了

Loving what you know

爱你所知

But I, I keep on swimming,

但是我一直游着

I'm swimming

一直游着

Further up the road

逆流而上

See, the problem is,

你看，问题是

I don't know what to say

我不知道说些什么

When you come around

你来到我身边

Acting this way

这么做

Oh oh

噢，噢

And, yes, the truth is

没错，真相是

I show you every day

我每天给你看

Cause you love to stay

因为你会留下

(Applause)

（掌声）

Living in all the pain

忍受着痛苦

And it gets so murky

越来越浑浊

Loving what you know

爱你所知

But I'll keep on swimming

但是我还是会一直游着

Further up the road

逆流而上

And I've been calling out

我呼唤着

Calling out your name

呼唤着你的名字

Deep down in my sleep

在我睡眠深处

And I even memorized your face

我甚至还记得你的脸

So ain't no leaving' me

所以不要离开我

And I just handle my biz

我会管好自己的事

And keep the train moving on

让火车继续飞驰

And you know what it is

你知道这是什么

Is just you that

只要你

I'm choosing

我只会选择你

Cause it gets so murky

因为越来越浑浊了

Loving what you know

爱你所知

And I'll

我会

I'll keep on swimming

我会继续游着

Further up the road

逆流而上

And it gets so murky

越来越浑浊了

Loving what you know

爱你所知

And I’ll,

我会

I'll keep on swimming

我会继续游着

Further up the road

逆流而上

Swimming

游着

I'm swimming

我游着

Further up the road

逆流而上

And I'll keep on swimming

我会一直游着

Swimming

游着

Further up the road

逆流而上

(Vocalizing)

（歌声）

(Cheers and applause)

（欢呼声和掌声）

Holly Herndon: Thank you.

霍莉·赫恩登 （Holly Herndon）：谢谢。

Thank you.

谢谢大家。