What if You Could Sing in Your Favorite Musician's Voice? | Holly Herndon | TED

譯者: Winston Chung 審譯者: Shelley Tsang 曾雯海

(Overlapping voices sing)

（重疊的唱歌聲音）

(Singing ends)

（唱歌結束）

(Applause)

（掌聲）

Hi, my name is Holly, and I’m an artist.

嗨，我是荷莉，我是藝術家。

That was my voice,

剛剛那是我的聲音， 但我沒唱那個片段。

but I didn’t sing that clip.

I trained an AI on my own voice,

我訓練人工智慧學習我的聲音，

and now she can sing anything in multiple languages.

現在她能用多種語言唱任何東西。

Her name is Holly+,

她是荷莉＋，

and you just heard her perform “El Cant de la Sibilla,”

剛才她表演的是 “El Cant de la Sibilla”，

which is a traditional song arranged by Maria Arnal in Catalan.

是由瑪麗亞‧阿納爾編曲 的嘉泰羅尼亞語傳統歌曲。

Not a language that I speak

我不會說這種語言，

and not a vocal tradition that I've trained in.

也沒受過這種歌唱傳統的訓練。

Those melismatic runs are really difficult to hit.

這種一字多音的 花唱風格相當困難。

To show you Holly+'s full range, I'll also play an example in German.

為了展示荷莉＋的廣大能力， 讓我再播放一個德語的例子。

This is "Mack the Knife" by Brecht.

這是希萊希特的《小刀麥基》。

(Singing in German)

（用德語唱歌）

(Music ends)

（音樂結束）

Of course Holly+ can -- thank you.

當然，荷莉＋可以——謝謝你們。

(Applause)

（掌聲）

Of course, Holly+ can also perform my own music,

當然，荷莉＋也可以 表演我自己的音樂，

so here's an excerpt from my own song, "Frontier."

以下這一段出自 我自己的歌曲《邊疆》。

(Singing "Frontier" in overlapping voices)

（重疊的聲音演唱《邊疆》）

(Singing ends)

（唱歌結束）

Holly+ uses a process called timbre transfer,

荷莉＋使用的處理程序 叫做音質轉換，

where the timbre, or sound quality of one sound,

將音質，或聲音的品質，

may be mapped onto the performance of another.

投射到另一個表演。

Timbre transfer is done by creating a machine-learning model of a sound.

音質轉換需要建立 機器學習聲音的模型。

In this case, it's my voice.

在這個例子，是針對我的聲音。

So I recorded a wide variety of phrases in my entire vocal range.

我要錄下各式各樣的片段， 用到我的整個音域。

To be clear, this version of Holly+ is reading notes from a score.

讓我澄清一下， 這版的荷莉＋是從樂譜上讀取音符。

So I'll also play you an example of her singing in Spanish,

所以也讓我播放一個例子， 是她用西班牙語唱

“Bésame Mucho” by Velázquez.

維拉茲奎茲的“Bésame Mucho”。

(Music: "Bésame Mucho")

（音樂：“Bésame Mucho”）

(Music ends)

（音樂結束）

Thank you.

謝謝。

(Applause)

（掌聲）

I can't speak Spanish, by the way, so.

順道一提，我不會說西班牙語。

Teaching an AI the sonic properties of one sound

教導人工智慧一個聲音的音波特性，

in order to generate an entirely new sound

以產生出全新的聲音，

is what I like to call "spawning."

就是我所謂的「釀生」。

Spawning is what allows Holly+ to create a wide range of vocals

釀生讓荷莉＋創造出 我沒有唱過而且種類繁多的聲音，

that I didn't sing

from a set of recorded phrases that I did sing.

基於一組我唱而錄下來的片段。

I like to think of spawning as a kind of 21st-century corollary

我認為釀生是個「取樣」音樂傳統 在二十一世紀的延伸，

to the musical tradition of sampling,

which had a really big impact on both music and intellectual property.

而取樣對於音樂及智慧財產權 有相當大的衝擊。

But I think spawning is far more exciting and potentially really weird.

但我認為釀生更讓人興奮， 且可能相當怪異。

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

So, for example, with sampling,

比如，取樣通常是

複製並重混別人的錄音， 來創造新聲音。

usually you copy and remix a recording by someone else to create something new.

But with spawning, you can perform as someone else

但釀生可以讓你扮演別人的表演，

based on trained information about them.

基於訓練好有關他們的資訊。

And as an artist, this is making me rethink my own past work

身為藝術家，這讓我 重新思考我自己過去的作品

as not only my archive

不僅是我個人的檔案，

but potentially also I myself could become reanimated with AI.

而且也可能靠人工智慧 讓我自己有新表演。

This also opens up the question

這就帶出了我們要如何處理 集體人類檔案的問題，

of how we deal with a collective human archive

if we can reanimate old media.

如果我們能讓舊媒體有新的表演。

It opens up really big ethical

這會帶來道德 和智慧財產權的大問題，

and intellectual property questions

that require entirely new conceptual and legal frameworks.

需要全新的觀念及法律架構。

One way that I like to think about intellectual property

我有時喜歡把智慧財產權想成 我所謂的身分扮演。

I call identity play.

So rather than limiting the use of my voice,

與其限制我的聲音被使用，

I'm creating instruments to allow as many people as possible

我要創造樂器讓很多人可以

to create music with me, and even as me.

和我一起，甚至扮演我，創作音樂。

That's why I've made versions of Holly+ freely available

這就是為什麼我把許多版本的 荷莉＋放在網路上免費給大家用。

for anyone to use online.

If I can allow people to play with my IP,

如果能我讓大家用我的智慧財產演奏，

my digital identity, my intellectual property,

包括我的數位身分，我的智慧財產權，

what might they come up with?

他們可能會創造出什麼？

Could someone else go on tour as me, with my permission?

會不會有人得到我同意， 扮演我去巡迴演出？

Could I be in a thousand different bands in multiple languages?

我有沒有可能加入 一千種語言的樂團？

And what would that even sound like?

那聽起來會是什麼樣子？

To be clear, musicians have been taught to be really protective over our IP,

坦白說，音樂家一向被教導要 極力保護自己的智慧財產權，

那是有很有理由的。

and that's for really good reason.

But I'm trying to think of ways to make this new capability mutually beneficial.

但我要想辦法使這種新能力 讓雙方都受益。

So to allow people to use my voice

要讓大家使用我的聲音，

but still to maintain the ability to approve certain derivative works.

但仍然保有可以核准 某些衍生作品的能力。

So I invite you to consider, if given the opportunity,

所以，我邀請大家想想， 如果給你機會，

who would you like to perform through?

你會想透過誰來表演？

And can you imagine someone else performing you?

你能想像別人演出你嗎？

With that in mind,

明白這些心思，

I'd like to invite the incredible musician Pher to the stage.

我要邀請了不得的音樂家Pher上台。

(Applause)

（掌聲）

So today, Pher will be performing his own song, "Murky."

今天，Pher要演奏他自己的歌“Murky”。

And with one microphone you'll hear Pher's beautiful, natural voice.

從這個麥克風，你會聽到 Pher美麗，自然的聲音。

(Pher vocalizing)

（Pher發聲）

(Audience cheers)

（觀眾叫好）

And with this microphone,

從另外這個麥克風，

you'll hear a live version of Holly+ developed with Voctro Labs.

你會聽到由Voctro實驗室開發的 直播版荷莉＋。

(Pher vocalizing in Holly+ voice)

（Pher發出荷莉+的聲音）

(Laughter and applause)

（笑聲和掌聲）

Take it away Pher.

Pher，交給你了。

(Pher singing "Murky")

（Pher唱“Murky”)

It gets so murky

變得真昏頭 It gets so murky

Loving what you know

愛你知道的 Loving what you know

But I, I keep on swimming,

但我，我會繼續游， But I, I keep on swimming,

I'm swimming

我在游 I’m swimming

Further up the road

更往前去 Further up the road

See, the problem is,

看，問題是， See, the problem is,

I don't know what to say

我不知要說啥 I don’t know what to say

When you come around

當妳改變掉 When you come around

Acting this way

這樣的行為 Acting this way

Oh oh

喔喔 Oh oh

And, yes, the truth is

是的，實情是 And, yes, the truth is

I show you every day

我每天讓你看到 I show you every day

Cause you love to stay

因為你愛停留 Cause you love to stay

(Applause)

（掌聲）

Living in all the pain

活在痛苦裡 Living in all the pain

And it gets so murky

變得真昏頭 And it gets so murky

Loving what you know

愛你知道的 Loving what you know

But I'll keep on swimming

但我會繼續游， But I’ll keep on swimming,

Further up the road

更往前去 Further up the road

And I've been calling out

我曾經呼喊 And I’ve been calling out

Calling out your name

呼喊你的名 Calling out your name

Deep down in my sleep

在我沈睡中 Deep down in my sleep

And I even memorized your face

我牢記你的臉 And I even memorized your face

So ain't no leaving' me

為使你不離開我 So ain’t no leaving’ me

And I just handle my biz

我做我該做的事 And I just handle my biz

And keep the train moving on

也順勢而去 And keep the train moving on

And you know what it is

你知道啥 And you know what it is

Is just you that

只因為你是 Is just you that

I'm choosing

我選上的人 I’m choosing

Cause it gets so murky

變得真昏頭 Cause it gets so murky

Loving what you know

愛你知道的 Loving what you know

And I'll

我會 And I’ll

I'll keep on swimming

我會繼續游， I’ll keep on swimming,

Further up the road

更往前去 Further up the road

And it gets so murky

變得真昏頭 And it gets so murky

Loving what you know

愛你知道的 Loving what you know

And I’ll,

我會， And I’ll,

I'll keep on swimming

我會繼續游， I’ll keep on swimming,

Further up the road

更往前去 Further up the road

Swimming

游 Swimming

I'm swimming

我在游 I’m swimming

Further up the road

更往前去 Further up the road

And I'll keep on swimming

我會繼續游 And I’ll keep on swimming

Swimming

游 Swimming

Further up the road

更往前去 Further up the road

(Vocalizing)

（發聲）

(Cheers and applause)

（掌聲和叫好）

Holly Herndon: Thank you.

謝謝。

Thank you.

謝謝。