Paul MacCready: Flying on solar wings

222,860 views ใƒป 2007-10-11

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Youngjoo Kim ๊ฒ€ํ† : Dae-won Jeong
00:27
I am known best for human-powered flight,
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์ €๋Š” ์ธ๋ ฅ ๋น„ํ–‰์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž˜ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:32
but that was just one thing that got me going
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๊ฑด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ๋“ค ์ค‘์—์„œ
00:37
in the sort of things that I'm working in now.
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์ €๋ฅผ ๊ณ„์† ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ผ์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:41
As a youngster, I was very interested in model airplanes,
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์–ด๋ ธ์„ ๋•Œ, ์ €๋Š” ๋ชจํ˜• ํ•ญ๊ณต๊ธฐ๋ผ๋“ ์ง€
00:47
ornithopters, autogyros, helicopters, gliders, power planes,
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์˜คํ† ์ž์ด๋กœ, ํ—ฌ๋ฆฌ์ฝฅํ„ฐ, ๊ธ€๋ผ์ด๋”, ๋™๋ ฅ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ,
00:53
indoor models, outdoor models, everything,
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์‹ค๋‚ด์šฉ ๋ชจ๋ธ, ์™ธ๋ถ€์šฉ ๋ชจ๋ธ - ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์— ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ๋งŽ์•˜์–ด์š”.
00:56
which I just thought was a lot of fun,
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์•„์ฃผ ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ๊ณ ,
00:59
and wondered why most other people didn't share my same enthusiasm with them.
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์™œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ (๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ) ์ €๋งŒํผ์˜ ์—ด์ •์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์€๊ฑด์ง€ ์˜์•„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:07
And then, navy pilot training, and, after college,
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๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ์—” ํ•ด๊ตฐ ํŒŒ์ผ๋Ÿฟ์œผ๋กœ ํŠธ๋ ˆ์ด๋‹์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜๊ณ , ๋Œ€ํ•™์„ ์กธ์—…ํ•œ ๋’ค์—”
01:13
I got into sailplane flying, power plane flying,
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์ˆ˜์ƒ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ, ๋˜ ๋™๋ ฅ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ ๋น„ํ–‰์— ๋น ์ ธ๋“ค์—ˆ์ฃ 
01:17
and considered the sailplanes as a sort of hobby and fun,
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์ˆ˜์ƒ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ๋Š” ์ œ ์ทจ๋ฏธ๋กœ ์•„์ฃผ ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
01:25
but got tangled up with some great professor types,
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์–ด์ฉŒ๋‹ค๋ณด๋‹ˆ ๋Œ€๋‹จํ•œ ๊ต์ˆ˜๋‹˜ ํƒ€์ž…๋“ค๊ณผ ์–ด์šธ๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:29
who convinced me and everybody else in the field
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๋ถ„๋“ค์€ ์ €๋ฅผ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ๋ถ„์•ผ์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„
01:34
that this was a good way to get into really deep science.
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(์ˆ˜์ƒ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ๊ฐ€) ๊นŠ์€ ๊ณผํ•™ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋กœ ์•ˆ๋‚ดํ•ด ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์•„์ฃผ ์ข‹์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์„ค๋“ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:39
While this was all going on, I was in the field of weather modification,
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์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ์ผ๋“ค์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ, ์ €๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ƒ ์ˆ˜์ • ๋ถ„์•ผ๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค-
01:45
although getting a Ph.D. in aeronautics.
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ํ•ญ๊ณตํ•™์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ•์‚ฌํ•™์œ„๋ฅผ ๋ฐŸ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:49
The weather modification subject was getting started,
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๊ธฐ์ƒ ์ˆ˜์ •ํ•™์€ ๋‹น์‹œ ๋ง‰ ์‹œ์ž‘๋œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ถ„์•ผ์˜€๊ณ 
01:53
and as a graduate student,
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๋Œ€ํ•™์›์ƒ์œผ๋กœ์„œ
01:55
I could go around to the various talks that were being given,
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์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ณณ์—์„œ ์—ด๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ•์—ฐ์— ์ฐธ์„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:59
on a hitchhiker ride to the East Coast,
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๋™๋ถ€๋กœ ํžˆ์น˜ํ•˜์ดํ‚น์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋“ ๊ฐ€
02:01
and so on. And everybody would talk to me,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ผ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ €ํ•˜๊ณ ๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ•  ์šฉ์˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ-
02:04
but all the professionals in the field hated each other,
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๊ทธ ๋ถ„์•ผ ๋‚ด์˜ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋“ค๋ผ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ต‰์žฅํžˆ ์‚ฌ์ด๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜๋นด์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:07
and they wouldn't communicate. And as a result,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ž๊ธฐ๋“ค๋ผ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์„œ๋กœ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋ ค ๋“ค์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ,
02:10
I got the absolutely unique background in that field,
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋ถ„์•ผ ๋‚ด์—์„œ ๋Œ€๋‹จํžˆ ๋…๋ณด์ ์ธ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋๊ณ 
02:15
and started a company, which did more research
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๊ธฐ์ƒ์ˆ˜์ •ํ•™ ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์–ด๋–ค ์ด๋ณด๋‹ค ๋งŽ์€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š”
02:19
in weather modification than anybody,
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ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์„ธ์šฐ๊ธฐ์— ์ด๋ฅด๋ €์ฃ .
02:23
and there are a lot of things that I just can't go into.
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๊ทธ ๋ฐ–์—๋„ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์ผ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:29
But then, 1971 started AeroVironment, with no employees --
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ ๋’ค, 1971๋…„์— ์ง์› ํ•œ ๋ช… ์—†์ด ์—์–ด๋กœ๋ฐ”์ด๋ก ๋จผํŠธ๋ž€ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ฆฝํ–ˆ๊ณ ,
02:35
then one or two, three,
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์ฐจ์ฐจ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋‘˜์”ฉ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
02:37
and sort of fumbled along on trying to get interesting projects.
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ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๊ฐ€๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:41
We had AirDynamisis,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—์–ด๋‹ค์ด๋‚˜๋‹ˆ์‹œ์Šค๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ 
02:43
who, like I, did not want to work for aerospace companies
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ํฐ ๊ทœ๋ชจ์˜ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋ช‡ ๋…„๊ฐ„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š”
02:48
on some big, many year project,
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์—์–ด๋กœ์ŠคํŽ˜์ด์Šค ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ์ผํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹ซ์–ดํ–ˆ๋˜
02:52
and so we did our small projects, and the company slowly grew.
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์ €์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋“ค๋งŒ์˜ ์ž‘์€ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋ฅผ ํ•˜์—ฌ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ ์  ์„ฑ์žฅํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:01
The thing that is exciting was, in 1976,
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์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€, 1976๋…„
03:06
I suddenly got interested in the human-powered airplane
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์ €๋Š” ๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ์ธ๋ ฅ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ์— ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
03:11
because I'd made a made a loan to a friend of 100,000 dollars,
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด, ์ €๋Š” ์นœ๊ตฌ์—๊ฒŒ 10๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ๋นŒ๋ ค์คฌ๊ณ 
03:15
or I guaranteed the money at the bank.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์€ํ–‰์— ๊ทธ ๋ˆ์„ ๋ณด์žฅํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
03:17
He needed them -- he needed the money for starting a company.
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๊ทธ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋Š” ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ฆฝํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ทธ ๋ˆ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:21
The company did not succeed, and he couldn't pay the money back,
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ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์„ฑ๊ณตํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜์—ฌ, ๊ทธ ๋ˆ์„ ๊ฐš์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
03:24
and I was the guarantor of the note. So, I had a $100,000 debt,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์ฆ์ธ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌํ•˜์—ฌ ์ €์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” 10๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์˜ ๋นš์ด ์ƒ๊ฒผ๊ณ 
03:29
and I noticed that the Kramer prize for human-powered flight,
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์ธ๋ ฅ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ์˜ ๋น„ํ–‰์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด, 17๋…„๊ฐ„ ์ง€์†๋๋˜
03:35
which had then been around for -- (Laughter) --
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ํฌ๋ ˆ๋จธ ์ƒ์˜ ๊ทธ ๋‹น์‹œ ์ƒ๊ธˆ์ด
03:39
17 years at the time, was 50,000 pounds,
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5๋งŒ ํŒŒ์šด๋“œ
03:42
which, at the exchange rate, was just about 100,000 dollars.
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์ฆ‰, ํ™˜์‚ฐํ•˜๋ฉด 10๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ •๋„๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:46
So suddenly, I was interested in human-powered flight --
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ‘์ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ์ €๋Š” ์ธ๋ ฅ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ์— ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:49
(Laughter) --
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
03:52
and did not -- the way I approached it, first,
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์ฒ˜์Œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ
03:58
thinking about ways to make the planes,
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๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ œ์กฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ 
04:01
was just like they'd been doing in England, and not succeeding,
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์˜๊ตญ์—์„œ ๊ทธ๋žฌ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ, ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์„ฑ๊ณตํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ ,
04:06
and I gave it up. I figured, nah, there isn't any simple, easy way.
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์ €๋Š” ํฌ๊ธฐํ•ด๋ฒ„๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š”, ์•„, ์ •๋ง ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•˜๊ณ  ์‰ฌ์šด ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ์—†๊ตฌ๋‚˜๋ผ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ฒผ๋Š”๋ฐ
04:10
But then, got off on a vacation trip, and was studying bird flight,
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๊ทธ ํ›„, ํœด๊ฐ€๋กœ ์—ฌํ–‰์„ ๋– ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ , ์ƒˆ์˜ ๋น„ํ–‰์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ
04:16
just for the fun of it,
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(๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ์žฌ๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด)
04:18
and you can watch a bird soaring around in circles,
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์ƒˆ๋“ค์ด ํฐ ์›์„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๋ฉฐ ํ™œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด
04:21
and measure the time, and estimate the bank angle,
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์žฌ๊ณ , ๋น„ํ–‰ํ•  ๋•Œ์˜ ์ขŒ์šฐ ๊ฒฝ์‚ฌ๊ฐ์„ ์ถ”์ •ํ•˜๋ฉฐ,
04:25
and immediately, figure out its speed,
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๊ณง๋ฐ”๋กœ ์†๋„์™€
04:28
and the turning radius, and so on,
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์„ ํšŒ ๋ฐ˜์ง€๋ฆ„ ๋“ฑ์„ ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•ด๋ดค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:31
which I could do in the car, as we're driving along on a vacation trip --
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์—ฌํ–‰ ๋„์ค‘ ์šด์ „ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
04:36
(Laughter) --
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
04:38
with my three sons, young sons, helping me,
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์–ด๋ฆฐ ์„ธ ์•„๋“ค์ด ์ €๋ฅผ ๋„์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:42
but ridiculing the whole thing very much.
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ํ„ฐ๋ฌด๋‹ˆ ์—†์–ด ํ•˜๊ธด ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ์š”.
04:46
But that began thinking about how birds went around,
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๊ทธ- ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ƒˆ๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ์‹œ๋ฐœ์ ์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ 
04:51
and then how airplanes would, how hang gliders would fly,
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ๊ฐ€, ๊ธ€๋ผ์ด๋”๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜๋Š”์ง€,
04:58
and then other planes,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ,
05:00
and the idea of the Gossamer-Condor-type airplane quickly emerged,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ณ ์‚ฌ๋จธ ์ฝ˜๋„๋ฅด(์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ์ธ๋ ฅํ•ญ๊ณต๊ธฐ) ํƒ€์ž…์˜ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ์˜ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๊ฐ€ ๊ธˆ๋ฐฉ ๋– ์˜ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋๊ณ 
05:06
was so logical, one should have thought of it in the first place,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ •๋ง ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ์ ์ด์–ด์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ด๋“ค๋„ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฒ˜์Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
05:09
but one didn't. And it was just, keep the weight down --
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๋ฐ”๋กœ, ๋ฌด๊ฒŒ๋ฅผ ๋‚ฎ์ถ”๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์•„๋ฌด๋„ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์ฃ .
05:13
70 pounds was all it weighed -- but let the size swell up, like a hang glider,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณ ์ž‘ 70ํŒŒ์šด๋“œ์˜ ๋ฌด๊ฒŒ์˜€๋Š”๋ฐ ํ–‰๊ธ€๋ผ์ด๋”์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€ํ’€๋ฆฌ๋ฉด์„œ
05:20
but three times the span, three times the cord.
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ํฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์„ธ๋ฐฐ, ๋ˆ์˜ ๊ธธ์ด๋ฅผ ์„ธ๋ฐฐ๋กœ ํ•˜๋ฉด,
05:22
You're down to a third of the speed, a third of the power,
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์†๋„๋Š” ์„ธ ๋ฐฐ๋กœ ๋Š๋ ค์ง€๊ณ , ๋™๋ ฅ์€ 1/3๋ฐฐ๋กœ ์ค„๋ฉด์„œ,
05:25
and a good bicyclist can put out that power, and that worked,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์ž˜ ํƒ€๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋™๋ ฅ์ด ๋˜๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์„œ ์„ฑ๊ณตํ•˜์—ฌ
05:32
and we won the prize a year later.
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1๋…„ ํ›„์— ๊ทธ ์ƒ์„ ํƒˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:37
We didn't -- a lot of flying, a lot of experiments, a lot of things that didn't work,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”- ๋งŽ์ด ๋‚ ๊ณ  ๋งŽ์€ ์‹คํ—˜์„ ํ•˜์—ฌ, ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์ž˜ ๋˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์•˜์ง€๋งŒ
05:43
and ones that did work, and the plane kept getting a little better, a little better.
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์ž˜ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์ด์šฉํ•ด, ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ๋Š” ์กฐ๊ธˆ์”ฉ ๋‚˜์•„์ง€๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:48
Got a good pilot, Brian Allen, to operate it,
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์‹ค๋ ฅ ์ข‹์€ ๋น„ํ–‰์‚ฌ, ๋ธŒ๋ผ์ด์–ธ ์•Œ๋ Œ์—๊ฒŒ ์กฐ์ข…์„ ๋งก๊ฒจ
05:51
and finally, succeeded. But unfortunately,
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์„ฑ๊ณตํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์•ˆํƒ€๊น๊ฒŒ๋„
05:55
about 65,000 dollars was spent on the project.
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ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ๋น„์šฉ์œผ๋กœ ์•ฝ 65๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:59
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
06:01
And there was only about 30 to help retire the debt.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋นš์„ ๊ฐš๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ณ ์ž‘ 3๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฐ–์— ์—†์—ˆ์ฃ .
06:05
But fortunately, Henry Kramer, who put up the prize for --
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šด์ด ์ข‹๊ฒŒ๋„, 1๋งˆ์ผ ๋น„ํ–‰์— ์ƒ์„ ๊ฑธ์—ˆ๋˜
06:09
that was a one-mile flight -- put up a new prize
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ํ—จ๋ฆฌ ํฌ๋ ˆ๋จธ๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ƒ์„,
06:11
for flying the English Channel, 21 miles.
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21๋งˆ์ผ์ด ๋˜๋Š” ์˜๊ตญํ•ดํ˜‘์„ ๋น„ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ์— ์ƒ์„ ๊ฑธ์—ˆ๊ณ 
06:14
And he thought it would take another 18 years for somebody to win that.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์„ฑ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๋˜ ๋‹ค์‹œ 18๋…„์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์„ธ์›”์ด ๊ฑธ๋ฆด ์ค„ ์•Œ์•˜๊ฒ ์ฃ .
06:18
We realized that if you just cleaned up our Gossamer Condor a little bit,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”, ๊ณ ์‚ฌ๋จธ ์ฝ˜๋„๋ฅด๋ฅผ ์กฐ๊ธˆ๋งŒ ๋‹ค๋“ฌ์œผ๋ฉด
06:24
the power to fly would be decreased a little bit,
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๋น„ํ–‰์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋™๋ ฅ์ด ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„
06:28
and if you decrease the power required a little,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋งŒํผ ๋™๋ ฅ์„ ์กฐ๊ธˆ๋งŒ ๊ฐ์†Œ์‹œํ‚ค๋ฉด
06:31
the pilot can fly a much longer period of time.
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๋น„ํ–‰์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋” ์˜ค๋žœ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋™์•ˆ ๋น„ํ–‰์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:34
And Brian Allen was able, in a miraculous flight,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ธŒ๋ผ์ด์–ธ ์•Œ๋ Œ์€ ๊ทธ ๊ธฐ์ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋น„ํ–‰์„,
06:38
to get the Gossamer Albatross across the English Channel,
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๊ณ ์‚ฌ๋จธ ์•Œ๋ฐ”ํŠธ๋กœ์Šค๋กœ ์˜๊ตญํ•ดํ˜‘์„ ๊ฑด๋„œ๊ณ ,
06:42
and we won the 100,000-pound, 200,000-dollar prize for that.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ 20๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ, ์ฆ‰ 10๋งŒ ํŒŒ์šด๋“œ์˜ ์ƒ๊ธˆ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜๊ณ 
06:49
And when all expenses were paid, the debt was handled, and everything was fine.
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๋นš์„ ๊ฐš๊ณ , ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ํ•ด๊ฒฐ๋์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:57
It turned out that giving the planes to the museum
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ•๋ฌผ๊ด€์— ๊ธฐ์ฆํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
07:00
was worth much more than the debt,
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๋นš์˜ ์–‘๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๊ฐ’์ด ๋‚˜๊ฐ„๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์–ด,
07:04
so for five years, six years, I only had to pay one third income tax.
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5, 6๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ €๋Š” ์†Œ๋“์˜ 1/3์ด ๋˜๋Š” ์†Œ๋“์„ธ๋งŒ ๋‚ด๋ฉด ๋์ฃ .
07:11
So, there were good economic reasons for the project, but --
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌํ•˜์—ฌ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š”, ๊ธˆ์ „์ ์œผ๋กœ ์•„์ฃผ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ด์œ ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
07:16
(Laughter) --
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
07:19
that's not, well, the project was done entirely for economic reasons,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€, ์Œ, ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋Š” ์ „์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธˆ์ „์ ์ธ ์ด์œ  ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์—ˆ๊ณ ,
07:26
and we have not been involved in any human-powered flight since then --
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๊ทธ ํ›„๋กœ๋Š” ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ๋„ ์ธ๋ ฅ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ์˜ ๋น„ํ–‰์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•ด ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:30
(Laughter) --
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
07:32
because the prizes are all over.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๋” ์ด์ƒ ํƒˆ ์ƒ์ด ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
07:36
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
07:37
But that sure started me thinking about various things,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ง ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์คฌ๊ณ ,
07:41
and immediately, we began making a solar-powered plane
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๋‹น์žฅ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํƒœ์–‘์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:46
because we felt solar power was going to be so important
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด, ํƒœ์–‘์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋Š” ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์™€ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์—
07:49
for the country and the world,
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์•„์ฃผ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ž‘์šฉํ•  ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•˜๊ณ 
07:51
we didn't want the small funding in the government to be decreased,
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์ •๋ถ€์˜ ์ง€์›์ด ์ค„์–ด๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์›์น˜ ์•Š์•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
07:56
which is what the government was trying to do with it.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋ ค๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ด์–ด์„œ
07:58
And we thought a solar-powered plane wouldn't really make sense,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํƒœ์–‘์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ๊ฐ€, ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ •๋ง ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐ์€ ์•ˆํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
08:03
but you could do it and it would get a lot of publicity for solar power
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๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ธฐ๋Š” ํ•˜์—ฌ์„œ, ํƒœ์–‘์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋กœ ์„ ์ „์„ ํ•˜์—ฌ
08:07
and maybe help that field.
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์ด ๋ถ„์•ผ์— ๋„์›€์„ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:09
And that project continued, did succeed,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋Š” ์ง€์†๋๊ณ  ์„ฑ๊ณตํ•˜์—ฌ
08:13
and we then got into other projects in aviation
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๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ์—๋Š” ํ•ญ๊ณต์‚ฐ์—…๊ณผ
08:19
and mechanical things and ground devices.
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๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด๋‚˜ ์ ‘์ง€ ์žฅ์น˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์— ์ฐธ๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:27
But while this was going on,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ
08:30
in 1982, I got a prize from the Lindbergh Foundation --
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1982๋…„, ์ €๋Š” ๋ฆฐ๋“œ๋ฒ„๊ทธ ์žฌ๋‹จ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
08:35
their annual prize --
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์—ฐ๊ฐ„ ์ƒ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜๊ณ 
08:37
and I had to prepare a paper on it,
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์ €๋Š” ๊ธ€์„ ์ค€๋น„ํ•ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
08:41
which collected all my varied thoughts
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๋ช‡ ๋…„์— ๊ฑธ์ณ ๊ฐ€์กŒ๋˜ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ด€์‹ฌ๊ณผ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„
08:44
and varied interests over the years.
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์ •๋ฆฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:46
This was the one chance that I had to focus on what I, really, was after,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ง„์ •์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์ฐพ๊ณ ์ž ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€, ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ์ง€์— ๊ด€ํ•ด
08:51
and what was important. And to my surprise,
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์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ฃผ๋Š” ์ข‹์€ ๊ธฐํšŒ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋†€๋ž๊ฒŒ๋„,
08:55
I realized the importance of environmental issues,
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์ €๋Š” ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ ์ธ ์ด์Šˆ๋“ค์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์•˜๊ณ 
09:00
which Charles Lindbergh devoted the last third of his life to,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ฐฐ์Šค ๋ฆฐ๋“œ๋ฒ„๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์ผ์ƒ์˜ 1/3์„ ๋ฐ”์ณค๋˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์˜€๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์–ด
09:05
and preparing that paper did me a lot of good.
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์ด ๊ธ€์„ ์ค€๋น„ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋งŽ์€ ๋„์›€์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:11
I thought back about if I was a space traveler,
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์ €๋Š” ์ €๋ฅผ ์šฐ์ฃผ์—ฌํ–‰์ž๋ผ ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•˜๊ณ 
09:14
and came and visited Earth every 5,000 years.
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5000๋…„๋งˆ๋‹ค ์ง€๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•ด
09:17
And for a few thousand visits, I would see the same thing every time,
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๋ช‡ ์ฒœ๋ฒˆ์˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ์— ๊ฑธ์ณ ๋งค๋ฒˆ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด๋ฉฐ
09:24
the little differences in the Earth.
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์ง€๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๋ฒŒ์–ด์ง€๋Š” ์ž‘์€ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋“ค์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:26
But this last time, just coming round, right now,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ์—์„œ, ๋ฐ”๋กœ ํ˜„์žฌ,
09:30
suddenly, there'd be huge changes in the environment,
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๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์— ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ธฐ๊ณ 
09:35
in the concentration of people,
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(์ธ๊ตฌ ์ง‘์ค‘์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด์„œ)
09:38
and it was just unbelievable, the amount of -- all the change in it.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ƒ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์„ ์ •๋„์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:50
I wanted to -- well, one of the biggest changes is, 200 years ago,
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์ €๋Š”-- ์Œ, ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๋ณ€ํ™” ์ค‘์— ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” 200๋…„ ์ „,
09:55
we began using coal from underground, which has a lot of pollution,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ์˜ค์—ผ์„ ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๋Š” ์„ํƒ„์„ ์ง€ํ•˜๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์–ป์–ด ์ด์šฉํ–ˆ๊ณ ,
10:01
and 100 years ago, began getting gasoline from underground,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  100๋…„ ์ „์—๋Š” ์ง€ํ•˜์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜จ ๊ฐ€์†”๋ฆฐ์„ ์ด์šฉํ–ˆ๊ณ 
10:05
with a lot of pollution. And gasoline consumption, or production,
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์—ญ์‹œ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ์˜ค์—ผ์„ ์ผ์œผ์ผฐ๊ณ , ๊ฐ€์†”๋ฆฐ ์†Œ๋น„๋Ÿ‰์ด๋‚˜ ์ƒ์‚ฐ๋Ÿ‰๋„ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚˜์„œ
10:11
will reach its limit in about ten years, and then go down,
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๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ์˜ ์•ฝ 10๋…„ ํ›„์—๋Š” ํ•œ๊ณ„๋Ÿ‰์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•ด ์†Œ๋น„๊ฐ€ ์ ์  ์ค„๋ฉด์„œ
10:16
and we wonder what's going to happen with transportation.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๊ตํ†ต์€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ ๊นŒ ์˜์•„ํ•ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:22
I wanted to show the slide --
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์ด ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:25
this slide, I think, is the most important one any of you will see, ever, because --
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์ด ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ๋Š” ์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์œผ๋กœ๋Š”, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋ณด์‹œ๋Š” ๊ทธ ์–ด๋–ค ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ๋ณด๋‹ค๋„ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:34
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
10:36
(Applause) --
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
10:39
it shows nature versus humans, and goes from 1850 to 2050.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ž์—ฐ๊ณผ ์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋Œ€์น˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ 1850๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 2050๋…„๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:46
And so, the year 2000, you see there.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ 2000๋…„์—, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋ณด์‹œ๋Š” ๋ฐ”์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด,
10:49
And this is the weight of all air and land vertebrates.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณต๊ธฐ์˜ ๋ฌด๊ฒŒ์ด๊ณ  ์œก์ƒ์— ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ฒ™์ถ”๋™๋ฌผ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:54
Humans and muskrats and giraffes and birds and so on, are --
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์ธ๊ฐ„, ์‚ฌํ–ฅ๋’ค์ฅ, ๊ธฐ๋ฆฐ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ƒˆ ๋“ฑ์€--
10:59
the red line goes up. That's the humans and livestock and pets portion.
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๋นจ๊ฐ„ ์„ ์ด ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ€๋Š”๋ฐ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ธ๊ฐ„, ๊ฐ€์ถ•๊ณผ ์• ์™„๋™๋ฌผ์˜ ๋น„์œจ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:06
The green line goes down. That's the wild nature portion.
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์ดˆ๋ก์„ ์ด ๋‚ด๋ ค๊ฐ€๋Š”๋ฐ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•ผ์ƒ๋™๋ฌผ์˜ ๋น„์œจ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:10
Humans, livestock and pets are, now, 98 percent of the total world's mass
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์ธ๊ฐ„, ๊ฐ€์ถ•, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์• ์™„๋™๋ฌผ์€ ์œก์ง€์™€ ๊ณต๊ธฐ์—์„œ
11:16
of vertebrates on land and air.
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์ง€๊ตฌ์— ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ์ฒ™์ถ”๋™๋ฌผ์˜ 98%๋ฅผ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:19
And you don't know what the future will hold,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์•ž์œผ๋กœ๋„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด์ง€๋งŒ
11:22
but it's not going to get a lower percentage.
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๋น„์œจ์ด ๋‚ฎ์•„์ง€์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:26
Ten thousand years ago, the humans and livestock and pets
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1๋งŒ๋…„ ์ „, ์ธ๊ฐ„, ๊ฐ€์ถ•, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์• ์™„๋™๋ฌผ์€
11:30
were not even one tenth of one percent
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1%์˜ 1/10๋„ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ
11:32
and wouldn't even have been visible on such a curve.
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๊ณก์„ ์— ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋‘๋“œ๋Ÿฌ์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜์ง€๋„ ์•Š์•˜์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:36
Now they are 98 percent, and it, I think, shows human domination of the Earth.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ 98%๋ฅผ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์œผ๋กœ, ์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ง€๊ตฌ ์ง€๋ฐฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:47
I give a talk to some remarkable high school students each summer,
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์ €๋Š” ๋งค๋…„ ์—ฌ๋ฆ„์— ๋›ฐ์–ด๋‚œ ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™์ƒ๋“ค๊ณผ์˜ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:54
and ask them, after they've asked me questions,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ œ๊ฒŒ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•œ ํ›„,
11:57
and I give them a talk and so on. Then I ask them questions.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์–˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ง„ํ–‰๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ๋Š” ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:01
What's the population of the Earth?
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์ง€๊ตฌ์˜ ์ธ๊ตฌ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์–ผ๋งˆ์ธ์ง€?
12:03
What's the population of the Earth going to be
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ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์ž์‹ ๋“ค ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜ ๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ๋์„ ๋•Œ์˜
12:05
when you're the age of your parents?
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์ธ๊ตฌ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ ์ง€?
12:07
Which I'd never, really -- they had never, really, thought about
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์ด ๊ฐ™์€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์€ ์ €๋‚˜ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด๋‚˜ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ๋„ ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ธ๋ฐ,
12:09
but, now, they think about it.
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์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:11
And then, what population of the Earth would be an equilibrium
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๋˜, ์ง€๊ตฌ์˜ ํ‰ํ˜•์ด ์œ ์ง€๋˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ
12:18
that could continue on, and be for 2050, 2100, 2150?
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์ธ๊ตฌ์ˆ˜๋Š” 2050๋…„, 2100๋…„, 2150๋…„์— ์–ผ๋งˆ์ธ์ง€?
12:24
And they form little groups, all fighting with each other,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ž‘์€ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์„ ์งœ๊ณ  ์„œ๋กœ ์‹ธ์šฐ๋ฉฐ,
12:27
and when I leave, two hours later,
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2์‹œ๊ฐ„ ํ›„, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋– ๋‚  ๋•Œ ์ฆˆ์Œ,
12:29
most of them are saying about 2 billion people,
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์€ ๋Œ€๋žต 20์–ต๋ช…์˜ ์ธ๊ตฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋‹ตํ•˜๊ณ 
12:33
and they don't have any clue about how to get down to 2 billion,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด๋‚˜ ์ €๋‚˜, ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์„œ ์ธ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ 20์–ต๊นŒ์ง€ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์ „ํ˜€ ์•Œ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
12:38
nor do I, but I think they're right and this is a serious problem.
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์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์— ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋งž์•˜๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:46
Rachel Carson was thinking of these, and came out with "Silent Spring," way back.
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์˜ˆ์ „์— ๋ ˆ์ด์ฒ  ์นด์Šจ์ด ์ด๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, '์นจ๋ฌต์˜ ๋ด„' ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์†Œ๋ฅผ ์„ธ์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:53
"Solar Manifesto" by Hermann Scheer, in Germany,
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๋…์ผ, ํ—ค๋ฅด๋งŒ ์‰ฌ์–ด์˜ ํƒœ์–‘ ์„ ์–ธ์„œ๋Š”
12:57
claims all energy on Earth can be derived, for every country,
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๋ชจ๋“  ๋‚˜๋ผ๋“ค์— ๊ณต๊ธ‰๋˜๋Š”, ์ง€๊ตฌ์˜ ์ด ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ
13:02
from solar energy and water, and so on.
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ํƒœ์–‘๋ ฅ๊ณผ ์ˆ˜๋ ฅ ๋“ฑ์œผ๋กœ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ 
13:10
You don't need to dig down for these chemicals,
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ํ™”ํ•™์ ์ธ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์„ ์–ป๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋•…์„ ํŒŒ์ง€ ์•Š์•„๋„ ๋˜๋ฉฐ
13:13
and we can do things much more efficiently.
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์ด๋กœ์จ ์ผ์„ ํ›จ์”ฌ ํšจ์œจ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:17
Let's have the next slide.
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๋‹ค์Œ ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ๋ฅผ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
13:19
So this just summarizes it. "Over billions of years,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์š”์•ฝํ•˜๋ฉด, "๋ช‡ ์–ต๋…„ ์ „,
13:22
on a unique sphere, chance has painted a thin covering of life --
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ํŠน์ดํ•œ ๊ตฌํ˜• ์œ„์—, ํ™•๋ฅ ์€ ์ƒ๋ช…์˜ ๋ง์น ์„ ์–‡๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ,
13:25
complex and probable, wonderful and fragile.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ณต์žกํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฐœ์—ฐ์ ์ด์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ต๊ณ  ์„ฌ์„ธํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
13:28
Suddenly, we humans, a recently arrived species,
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๊ฐ‘์ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ, ์ตœ๊ทผ์— ๋„๋ž˜ํ•œ ์ข…์ธ ์ธ๊ฐ„์€
13:31
no longer subject to the checks and balances inherent in nature,
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๋” ์ด์ƒ ์ž์—ฐ์˜ ๊ฒฌ์ œ์™€ ๊ท ํ˜•์˜ ์ฃผ์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
13:35
have grown in population, technology and intelligence
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์ˆ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ, ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ ์œผ๋กœ, ๋˜ ์ง€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋ฐœ์ „ํ•˜์—ฌ
13:38
to a position of terrible power. We, now, wield the paintbrush."
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๋”์ฐํ•œ ์œ„์น˜์— ์˜ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ƒ๋ช…์„ ๋ง์น ํ•œ ํ™”ํ•„์„ ํœ˜๋‘๋ฅธ๋‹ค."
13:42
We're in charge. It's frightening.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์ฑ…์ž„์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌด์„œ์šด ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:46
And I do a painting every 20 or 25 years. This is the last one.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” 10๋…„์ด๋‚˜ 25๋…„๋งˆ๋‹ค ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์ธ๋ฐ,
13:51
(Laughter)
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13:53
And [it] shows the Earth in a time flag: on the right,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ง€๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ผ์ข…์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊นƒ๋ฐœ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ
13:57
in trilobites and dinosaurs and so on;
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์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ์—๋Š” ์‚ผ์—ฝ์ถฉ, ๊ณต๋ฃก ๋“ฑ์ด ์žˆ๊ณ ,
14:00
and over the triangle, we now get to civilization and TV
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์ค‘๊ฐ„์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋“œ๋””์–ด ๋ฌธ๋ช…์ด ์ƒ๊ฒจ๋‚˜๊ณ 
14:05
and traffic jams and so on.
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ํ…”๋ ˆ๋น„์ ผ๊ณผ ๊ตํ†ต์ •์ฒด ๋“ฑ์ด ์ƒ๊น๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:07
I have no idea of what comes next,
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์ €๋Š” ์ด ๋‹ค์Œ์—๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ด ์˜ฌ์ง€ ์ƒ์ƒ์ด ์•ˆ๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:10
so I just used robotic and natural cockroaches as the future,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„๋กœ ๋œ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๋ฐ”ํ€ด๋ฒŒ๋ ˆ๋“ค์„ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ๊ฐ€์ •ํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
14:15
as a little warning.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ผ์ข…์˜ ์ž‘์€ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:17
And two weeks after this drawing was done,
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๊ทธ๋ฆผ์ด ์™„์„ฑ๋œ์ง€ 2์ฃผ ํ›„,
14:20
we actually had our first project contract, at AeroVironment,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—์–ด๋กœ๋ฐ”์ด๋ก ๋จผํŠธ์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋“ค์˜ ์ฒซ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋ฅผ ์–ป๊ณ  ๊ณ„์•ฝ์„ ๋งบ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
14:24
on robotic cockroaches, which was very frightening to me.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋กœ๋ด‡ ๋ฐ”ํ€ด๋ฒŒ๋ ˆ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์–ด์„œ, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ์ฐธ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌด์„ญ๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๊ฐ€์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:29
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
14:31
(Paper rustling)
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(์ข…์ด ์†Œ๋ฆฌ)
14:34
Well, that'll be all the slides.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ๊ฐ€ ๋๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:41
As time went on, we stopped our environmental programs.
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ง€๋‚จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ ์ธ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ๋“ค์„ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๊ณ ,
14:44
We focused more on the really serious energy problems
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๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ์ •๋ง ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋” ๋งž์ท„์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:49
of the future, and we produced products for the company.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ œํ’ˆ์„ ์ƒ์‚ฐํ–ˆ๊ณ 
14:56
And we developed the impact car that General Motors made,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ œ๋„ˆ๋Ÿด ๋ชจํ„ฐ์Šค๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ๋“  ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ,
15:01
the EV1, out of --
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EV1๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ์…˜ํ–ˆ๊ณ 
15:04
and got the Air Resources Board to have the regulations
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๋Œ€๊ธฐ์ž์›์œ„์›ํšŒ์—์„œ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ๋ฅผ
15:11
that stimulated the electric cars, but they've since come apart.
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์žฅ๋ คํ•˜๋Š” ๊ทœ์ •์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋œ ์ดํ›„
15:15
And we've done a lot of things, small drone airplanes and so on.
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์ž‘์€ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋‚ ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋“ฑ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์ผ์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:22
I have a Helios. We have the first video.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ํž๋ฆฌ์˜ค์Šค๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์˜์ƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:29
(Video) Narrator: With a wingspan of 247 feet, this makes her larger than a Boeing 747.
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๋‚˜๋ ˆ์ดํ„ฐ: 274ํ”ผํŠธ๋‚˜ ๋˜๋Š” ๋‚ ๊ฐœ ๊ธธ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ณด์ž‰747๋ณด๋‹ค ํฌ๋‹ค.
15:34
(Music)
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(์Œ์•…)
15:43
Her designers' attention to detail and her construction
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์„ค๊ณ„์™€ ๋””์ž์ด๋„ˆ๋“ค์˜ ์„ฌ์„ธํ•จ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
15:46
gives Helios' structure the flexibility and strength
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ํž๋ฆฌ์˜ค์Šค๋Š” ๋‚œ๊ธฐ๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ๊ฒฌ๋”œ๋งŒํผ์˜
15:49
to deal with the turbulence encountered in the atmosphere.
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์œ ์—ฐ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋‚ด๊ตฌ๋ ฅ์„ ์ง€๋…”๋‹ค.
15:52
This enables her to easily ride through the air currents
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์ด ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋งˆ์น˜ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค์˜ ํŒŒ๋„๋ฅผ ํƒ€๋“ฏ
15:55
as if she's sliding along on the ocean waves.
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๊ธฐ๋ฅ˜์—์„œ์˜ ๋น„ํ–‰์ด ์šฉ์ดํ•˜๋‹ค.
15:58
Paul MacCready: The wings could touch together on top and not break. We think.
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ํด ๋ฉ•ํฌ๋ ˆ๋””: ๋‚ ๊ฐœ๋Š” ์ ‘ํ˜€์„œ ์„œ๋กœ ๋งž๋‹ฟ์•„๋„ ์•ˆ ๋ถ€๋Ÿฌ์งˆ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋“ค์˜ ์ถ”์ธก์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
16:03
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
16:06
Narrator: And Helios now begins the process of turning her back to the sun,
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๋‚˜๋ ˆ์ดํ„ฐ: ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ˜„์žฌ ํ—ฌ๋ฆฌ์˜ค์Šค๋Š” ํƒœ์–‘ ์ „์ง€ํŒ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋‚˜์˜จ ํƒœ์–‘๋ ฅ์„
16:09
to maximize the power from her solar array.
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๊ทน๋Œ€ํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํƒœ์–‘ ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ ๋Œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:12
(Music)
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(์Œ์•…)
16:20
As the sky gets darker, and the outside air temperatures drop
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ํ•˜๋Š˜์ด ์–ด๋‘์–ด์ง€๊ณ  ๋ฐ”๊นฅ ์˜จ๋„๊ฐ€
16:24
below minus 100 degrees Fahrenheit,
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-100Fยบ(์•ฝ -73Cยบ) ์ดํ•˜๋กœ ๋–จ์–ด์ง€๋ฉด์„œ
16:27
the most environmentally hostile segment of Helios's journey
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ํž๋ฆฌ์˜ค์Šค์˜ ์—ฌ์ •์—์„œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํ•ด๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„
16:30
has gone by without notice,
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ํž๋ฆฌ์˜ค์Šค๋Š” ์•„๋ฌด๋ ‡์ง€๋„ ์•Š๊ฒŒ ์ง€๋‚˜๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:32
except for being recorded by specially designed data acquisition systems
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๋‹ค๋งŒ, ์ž๋ฃŒ ์ˆ˜์ง‘์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ํŠน์ˆ˜ ์ œ์ž‘๋œ ์žฅ์น˜์™€
16:36
and their associated sensors.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์„ผ์„œ๋“ค์ด ๋…นํ™”๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
16:39
Approaching a peak radar altitude of 96,863 feet,
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์ „ํŒŒ ๊ณ ๋„๋กœ 96,863 ํ”ผํŠธ์— ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์›Œ์ง„ ์‹œ์ ์ธ
16:44
at 4:12 p.m., Helios is standing on top of 98 percent of the Earth's atmosphere.
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์˜คํ›„ 4์‹œ 12๋ถ„, ํž๋ฆฌ์˜ค์Šค๋Š” ์ง€๊ตฌ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ ๋†’์ด์˜ 98%๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ์ง€์ ์— ์„œ์žˆ๋‹ค.
16:49
This is more than 10,000 feet higher
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ SR-71๋ธ”๋ž™๋ฒ„๋“œ๊ฐ€ ์„ธ์šด ์ด์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๊ธฐ๋ก๋ณด๋‹ค
16:52
than the previous world's altitude record held by the SR-71 Blackbird.
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1๋งŒ ํ”ผํŠธ๊ฐ€ ๋„˜๋Š” ๋†’์ด์ด๋‹ค.
16:57
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
17:06
PM: That plane has many purposes, but it's aimed for communications,
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ํด: ๊ทธ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ˆ˜๋‹จ์œผ๋กœ ์“ฐ์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ์ฃผ ๋ชฉ์ ์€ ํ†ต์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ
17:11
and it can fly so slowly that it'll just stay up at 65,000 feet.
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ํ•˜๋„ ๋Š๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ๋‚ ์•„์„œ 6๋งŒ 5์ฒœ ํ”ผํŠธ ๋†’์ด์—์„œ ๊ฐ€๋งŒํžˆ ์žˆ๊ณ 
17:18
Eventually, it will be able to have to stay up day, night, day, night,
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๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ ์œ„์—์„œ ํ•˜๋ฃจ ํ•˜๋ฃจ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋ฉฐ
17:21
for six months at a time, acting like the synchronous satellite,
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6๊ฐœ์›” ๊ฐ„, ์ •์ง€ ์œ„์„ฑ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ,
17:25
but only ten miles above the Earth.
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๋Œ€์‹  ์ง€๊ตฌ๋กœ ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋‹จ 10๋งˆ์ผ์ด ๋–จ์–ด์ง„ ์œ„์น˜์— ์„œ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ฃ .
17:27
Let's have the next video. This shows the other end of the spectrum.
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋น„๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋˜ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:30
(Video) Narrator: A tiny airplane, the AV Pointer serves for surveillance.
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๋‚˜๋ ˆ์ดํ„ฐ: AVํฌ์ธํ„ฐ๋Š” ๊ฐ์‹œ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ž‘์€ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ๋กœ,
17:33
In effect a pair of roving eyeglasses,
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ, ํ•œ ์Œ์˜ ๋ฐฐํšŒํ•˜๋Š” ์•ˆ๊ฒฝ์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
17:35
a cutting-edge example of where miniaturization can lead
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์กฐ์ข…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฉ€๋ฆฌ ๋–จ์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ,
17:38
if the operator is remote from the vehicle.
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์ถ•์†Œ๊ฐ€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ‘œ์ ์ธ ์˜ˆ์ด๋‹ค.
17:41
It is convenient to carry, assemble, and launch by hand.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์†์œผ๋กœ ์šด๋ฐ˜, ์กฐ๋ฆฝ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚ ๋ ค๋ณด๋‚ด๊ธฐ์— ํŽธ๋ฆฌํ•˜๋‹ค.
17:44
Battery-powered, it is silent and rarely noticed.
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๊ฑด์ „์ง€๋กœ ์ถฉ์ „๋˜๋ฉฐ, ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์•Œ์•„์ฐจ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์—†์„ ์ •๋„๋กœ ์กฐ์šฉํ•˜๋‹ค.
17:48
It sends high-resolution video pictures back to the operator.
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์กฐ์ข…์‚ฌ์—๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ƒ๋„ ๋†’์€ ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋„ ๋Œ๋ ค๋ณด๋‚ธ๋‹ค.
17:51
With on-board GPS, it can navigate autonomously,
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ํƒ‘์žฌ๋œ ์œ„์„ฑํ•ญ๋ฒ•์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ์ž์œจ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์›€์ง์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ 
17:55
and it is rugged enough to self-land without damage.
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ํ˜ผ์ž์„œ ์ฐฉ๋ฅ™์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•  ๋งŒํผ ํŠผํŠผํ•˜๋‹ค.
17:59
PM: Okay, and let's have the next.
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ํด: ์ž, ๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ-
18:01
(Applause)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
18:05
That plane is widely used by the military, now, in all their operations.
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๊ทธ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ๊ตฐ์‚ฌ์ ์ธ ๋ชฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋„๋ฆฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:10
Let's have the next video.
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋น„๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋„๋ก ํ•˜์ฃ .
18:14
(Video) (Music)
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(์Œ์•…)
18:28
Alan Alda: He's got it, he's got it, he's got it on his head.
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์—˜๋Ÿฐ ์•Œ๋‹ค: ๋์–ด์š”, ๋์–ด์š”, ๊ทธ์˜ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ ์œ„์— ์žˆ์–ด์š”!
18:30
(Music)
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(์Œ์•…)
18:32
We're going to end our visit with Paul MacCready's flying circus
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ํด ๋ฉ•ํฌ๋ ˆ๋””์˜ ์•„๋“ค, ํƒ€์ผ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋ฉ•ํฌ๋ ˆ๋””์˜ ๋‚˜๋ฅด๋Š” ์„œ์ปค์Šค๋กœ
18:35
by meeting his son, Tyler, who, with his two brothers,
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๊ทธ์™€์˜ ๋งŒ๋‚จ์„ ๋งˆ๋ฌด๋ฆฌ์ง€์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:38
helped build the Gossamer Condor, 25 years ago.
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25๋…„ ์ „, ํƒ€์ผ๋Ÿฌ์™€ ๊ทธ์˜ ๋‘ ํ˜•์ œ๋Š” ๊ณ ์‚ฌ๋จธ ์ฝ˜๋„๋ฅด๋ฅผ ์ œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋„์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:42
Tyler MacCready: You can chase it, like this, for hours.
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ํƒ€์ผ๋Ÿฌ ๋ฉ•ํฌ๋ ˆ๋””: ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ช‡ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋™์•ˆ ์ซ“์•„๋‹ค๋‹ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
18:44
AA: When they got bored with their father's project,
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(์•„๋ฒ„์ง€์˜ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์— ์‹ซ์ฆ์ด ๋‚˜์ž,
18:47
they invented an extraordinary little plane of their own.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ž๊ธฐ๋“ค๋งŒ์˜ ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.)
18:49
TM: And I can control it by putting the lift on one side of the wing, or on the other.
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ํƒ€์ผ๋Ÿฌ: ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ํ•œ ์ชฝ์ด๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ชฝ ๋‚ ๊ฐœ์— ์–‘๋ ฅ์„ ๋„ฃ์–ด์ฃผ๋ฉด์„œ ์กฐ์ข…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
18:54
AA: They called it their Walkalong Glider.
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(๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ '๊ฑธ์–ด๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋Š” ๊ธ€๋ผ์ด๋”'๋ผ ๋ถˆ๋ €์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.)
18:56
(Music)
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(์Œ์•…)
18:58
I've never seen anything like that.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ๋„ ๋ณธ์ ์ด ์—†์–ด์š”. ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ๊ฐ€ ๋ช‡ ์‚ด์ด์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”?
18:59
How old were you when you invented that?
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์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ๊ฐ€ ๋ช‡ ์‚ด์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
19:01
TM: Oh, 10, 11. (AA: Oh my God.)
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ํƒ€์ผ๋Ÿฌ: 10, 11 -- (์–ด๋จธ๋‚˜!)
19:04
TM: 12, something like that. (AA: That's amazing.)
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ํƒ€์ผ๋Ÿฌ: ํ•œ 12์‚ด ์ฆˆ์Œ์ด์š”. (๋Œ€๋‹จํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!)
19:06
PM: And Tyler's here to show you the Walkalong.
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ํด: ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ '๊ฑธ์–ด๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋Š” ๊ธ€๋ผ์ด๋”'๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋ ค ํƒ€์ผ๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€ ์™€์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:09
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
19:14
TM: All right. You all got a couple of these in your gift bags,
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ํƒ€์ผ๋Ÿฌ: ์ž, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์„ ๋ฌผ๋ด‰์ง€ ์•ˆ์— ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ๋ช‡ ๊ฐœ์”ฉ ๋“ค์–ด์žˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:18
and one of the first things,
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๋จผ์ € ํ•ด์•ผํ•  ๊ฒƒ ์ค‘์— ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”--
19:21
the production version seemed to dive a little bit,
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์ œ์ž‘๋œ ๋ฒ„์ ผ์€ ์‚ด์ง ํ•˜๊ฐ•ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์„œ
19:23
and so I would just suggest you bend the wing tips up a little bit
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๋‚ ๋ ค๋ณด๋‚ด๊ธฐ ์ „์—
19:26
before you try flying it.
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๋‚ ๊ฐœ ๋์„ ์‚ด์ง ์˜ฌ๋ ค์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ถ”์ฒœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:28
I'll give you a demonstration of how it works.
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š”์ง€ ์‹œ๋ฒ”์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:30
The idea is that it soars on the lift over your body, like a seagull soaring on a cliff.
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์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐˆ๋งค๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ฒผ๋ž‘ ์œ„๋ฅผ ๋‚  ๋“ฏ, ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋ชธ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง„ ์–‘๋ ฅ์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋‚œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:36
As the wind comes up, it has to go over the cliff, so
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๋ฐ”๋žŒ์ด ์˜ฌ๋ผ์˜ค๋ฉด์„œ ๊ณต๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ฒผ๋ž‘ ์œ„๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€์•ผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
19:39
as you walk through the air, it goes around your body, some has to go over you.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ณต๊ธฐ ์†์„ ์ง€๋‚  ๋•Œ, ๊ณต๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋ชธ์„ ์ง€๋‚˜, ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ๋‹น์‹  ์œ„๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:44
And so you just keep the glider positioned in that up current.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ธ€๋ผ์ด๋”๋ฅผ ๊ทธ ๊ธฐ๋ฅ˜์— ์œ„์น˜์‹œ๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:47
The launch is the difficult part: you've got to hold it high up, over your head,
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์ฒ˜์Œ์— ๋‚ ๋ ค๋ณด๋‚ผ ๋•Œ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋ ค์šด๋ฐ, ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‹น์‹  ๋จธ๋ฆฌ ์œ„์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด์˜ฌ๋ ค์„œ,
19:50
and you start walking forward, and just let go of it, and you can control it like that.
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์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๊ฑธ์–ด๊ฐ€๋ฉด์„œ ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ์†์„ ๋†“์œผ๋ฉด ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์กฐ์ข…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:56
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
19:58
And then also, like it said in the video,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋น„๋””์˜ค์—์„œ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ,
20:01
you can turn it left or right
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์™ผ์ชฝ์ด๋‚˜ ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์ „ํ™˜์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ๋ฐ,
20:03
just by putting the lift under one wing or another.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•œ ์ชฝ์ด๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ชฝ ๋‚ ๊ฐœ์— ์–‘๋ ฅ์„ ๋„ฃ์–ด์ฃผ๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:05
So I can do it -- oops, that was going to be a right turn.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ -- ์•—, ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ”์–ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ.
20:10
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
20:11
Okay, this one will be a left turn.
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์ž, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์™ธ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:15
Here, but --
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์ž, ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ...
20:17
(Applause) --
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
20:18
anyway.
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์–ด์ฉ„๋“ --
20:20
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
20:23
And that's it, so you can just control it, wherever you want,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ์กฐ์ข…ํ•ด์„œ ์–ด๋””์„œ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ
20:26
and it's just hours of fun. And these are no longer in production,
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๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ์žฌ๋ฏธ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋” ์ด์ƒ ์ œ์ž‘ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋‹ˆ
20:30
so you have real collector's items.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์€ ์†Œ์žฅํ’ˆ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:32
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
20:34
And this, we just wanted to show you --
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฑด, ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
20:39
if we can get the video running on this, yeah --
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๋น„๋””์˜ค ์ž‘๋™์ด ์ž˜ ๋˜๋ฉด-- ๋„ค,
20:41
just an example of a little video surveillance.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐ์‹œ ์นด๋ฉ”๋ผ ์˜์ƒ์˜ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:47
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
20:49
This was flying around in the party last night, and --
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์–ด์ œ ๋ฐค ํŒŒํ‹ฐ์— ๋‚ ์•„๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ --
20:53
(Laughter) --
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
20:55
you can see how it just can fly around,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ณด์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋‚  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ณ 
20:58
and you can spy on anybody you want.
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์•„๋ฌด๋‚˜ ๊ฐ์‹œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:00
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
21:06
And that's it. I was going to bring an airplane,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์›๋ž˜ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ค๋ ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
21:08
but I was worried about hitting people in here,
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์•ˆ์— ๊ณ„์‹  ๋ถ„๋“ค์„ ์น ๊นŒ๋ด ๊ฑฑ์ •๋ผ์„œ,
21:10
so I thought this would be a little bit more gentle.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒŒ ์ข€ ๋” ์ˆœํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„๊นŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:14
And that's it, yeah, just a few inventions.
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๋„ค, ๋์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฐœ๋ช…์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:17
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
21:25
All right.
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๊ณ ๋ง™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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