Lisa Harouni: A primer on 3D printing

235,847 views ใƒป 2012-01-23

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Kyo young Chu ๊ฒ€ํ† : Woo Hwang
00:15
It is actually a reality today
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์›น์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ œํ’ˆ์„
00:18
that you can download products from the Web --
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๋‹ค์šด๋กœ๋“œ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‹ค์ œ ํ˜„์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:22
product data, I should say, from the Web --
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์—„๋ฐ€ํžˆ ๋งํ•ด์„œ ์ œํ’ˆ์˜ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์›น์—์„œ ๋ฐ›๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด์•ผ๊ฒ ๋„ค์š”
00:25
perhaps tweak it and personalize it
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์„ ํ˜ธ๋‚˜ ์ž…๋ง›์— ๋งž์ถฐ์„œ
00:28
to your own preference or your own taste,
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์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ์ˆ˜์ •๋„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ,
00:30
and have that information sent
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๊ทธ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ
00:33
to a desktop machine
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์ฆ‰์‹œ ๊ฐ€๊ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๊ณ„๋กœ
00:36
that will fabricate it for you on the spot.
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๋ณด๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:38
We can actually build for you,
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์ €ํฐ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ
00:40
very rapidly,
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์•„์ฃผ ์‹ ์†ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์„
00:42
a physical object.
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๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋“œ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:45
And the reason we can do this
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €ํฌ๋Š”
00:47
is through an emerging technology
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์ฒจ์‚ญ ๊ฐ€๊ณต(additive manufacturing) ๋˜๋Š” 3D ์ธ์‡„์ˆ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
00:49
called additive manufacturing,
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์‹ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์„
00:51
or 3D printing.
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ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋์ฃ 
00:54
This is a 3D printer.
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์ด๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”๋กœ 3D ์ธ์‡„๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:56
They have been around
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์ด๋“ค์€
00:58
for almost 30 years now,
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๊ฑฐ์˜ 30๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์กด์žฌํ–ˆ์—ˆ๋Š” ๋ฐ,
01:00
which is quite amazing to think of,
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์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด๋ฉด ๊ฝค๋‚˜ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด์ฃ 
01:02
but they're only just starting
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด์ œ์‚ฌ
01:04
to filter into the public arena.
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๊ณต๊ณต์˜ ์˜์—ญ์— ์•Œ๋ ค์ง€๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:06
And typically, you would take data,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ณดํ†ต, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์žˆ๋Š”
01:09
like the data of a pen here,
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์ด ํŽœ์˜ ์ •๋ณด์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด,
01:12
which would be a geometric representation of that product in 3D,
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๊ทธ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ 3์ฐจ์›์˜ ๊ธฐํ•˜ํ•™์ ์ธ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ 
01:15
and we would pass that data with material
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์žฌ๋ฃŒ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ทธ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ
01:17
into a machine.
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๊ธฐ๊ณ„์— ๋„˜๊ธฐ๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:19
And a process that would happen in the machine
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ์•ˆ์—์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ณต์ •์€ ์•„๋งˆ
01:21
would mean layer by layer that product would be built.
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๊ทธ ์ œํ’ˆ์ด ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง€๋Š” ํ•˜๋‚˜ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์ธต์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:23
And we can take out the physical product,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜์„œ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ ์ œํ’ˆ์„ ๊บผ๋‚ด๋ฉด
01:26
and ready to use,
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜,
01:28
or to, perhaps, assemble into something else.
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ํ˜น์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ์กฐ๋ฆฝํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:31
But if these machines have been around for almost 30 years,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ, ์ด ๊ธฐ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ 30๋…„์ด๋‚˜ ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด,
01:34
why don't we know about them?
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์™œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ž˜ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ณ  ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
01:36
Because typically they've been too inefficient,
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์™œ๋ƒ๋งŒ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด ๊ธฐ๊ณ„๋“ค์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด๋‚˜๋„ ๋น„ํšจ์œจ์ ์ด๊ณ ,
01:39
inaccessible,
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์ ‘๊ทผ์„ฑ๋„ ๋–จ์–ด์กŒ์œผ๋ฉฐ,
01:42
they've not been fast enough,
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๊ทธ๋‹ค์ง€ ๋น ๋ฅด์ง€๋„ ์•Š๊ณ 
01:44
they've been quite expensive.
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์•„์ฃผ ๋น„์ŒŒ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:46
But today,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด์ œ๋Š”
01:48
it is becoming a reality
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
01:50
that they are now becoming successful.
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ํ˜„์‹ค์ด ๋˜์–ด๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:52
Many barriers are breaking down.
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๋งŽ์€ ์žฅ๋ฒฝ์ด ๋ฌด๋„ˆ์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:54
That means that you guys
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์ด ๋ง์ธ ์ฆ‰์Šจ, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค๊ป˜์„œ๋„
01:56
will soon be able to access one of these machines,
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์ง€๊ธˆ ์ด ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋”๋ผ๋„ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ์‹œ์ผ ๋‚ด์—
01:58
if not this minute.
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์ด ๊ธฐ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ณผ ๊ฑฐ๋ž€ ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:01
And it will change and disrupt
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋“ค์€ ์ œ์กฐ์—…์˜ ์ง€ํ˜•์„
02:03
the landscape of manufacturing,
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๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ๋ฌด๋„ˆํŠธ๋ฆด ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ,
02:05
and most certainly our lives, our businesses
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์‚ถ๊ณผ ์ผ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์•„์ด๋“ค์˜ ์‚ถ๊นŒ์ง€
02:08
and the lives of our children.
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๋ฐ”๊ฟ”๋†“์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ™•์‹ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:10
So how does it work?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ž‘๋™ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
02:13
It typically reads CAD data,
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๋ณดํ†ต์€ ์ „๋ฌธ์ ์ธ ์ œํ’ˆ ๋””์ž์ธ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ธ
02:15
which is a product design data
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CAD์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง„
02:17
created on professional product design programs.
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์ œํ’ˆ ๋””์ž์ธ์˜ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ฝ์–ด๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:19
And here you can see an engineer --
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค๊ป˜์„œ ๋ณด์‹œ๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ด ๊ณตํ•™์ž,
02:21
it could be an architect or it could be a professional product designer --
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ํ˜น์€ ๊ฑด์ถ•ํ•™์ž๋‚˜ ์ „๋ฌธ ์ œํ’ˆ ๋””์ž์ด๋„ˆ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด
02:24
create a product in 3D.
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3์ฐจ์›์œผ๋กœ ์ œํ’ˆ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:27
And this data gets sent to a machine
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๊ณ„๋กœ ๋ณด๋‚ด์ ธ์„œ
02:29
that slices the data
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๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฐœ๋๊นŒ์ง€
02:32
into two-dimensional representations of that product
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๊ทธ ์ œํ’ˆ์˜ 2์ฐจ์› ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ
02:34
all the way through --
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์ž˜๋ ค์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:36
almost like slicing it like salami.
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์‚ด๋ผ๋ฏธ(์ฃผ:์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„์‹ ๋“œ๋ผ์ด ์†Œ์‹œ์ง€)๋ฅผ ์ž๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋น„์Šทํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:39
And that data, layer by layer, gets passed through the machine,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ธต์ธต์ด ๋‚˜๋ˆ ์ง„ ๊ทธ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋Š”
02:42
starting at the base of the product
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๊ธฐ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ํ†ต๊ณผํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์ œํ’ˆ์˜ ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด์„œ
02:44
and depositing material, layer upon layer,
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๊ฒน๊ฒน์ด ์žฌ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์Œ“๊ณ ,
02:47
infusing the new layer of materials to the old layer
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๊ฐ€๋ฒ• ๊ณต์ •์„ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ ์žฌ๋ฃŒ์˜ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ธต์„
02:51
in an additive process.
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๊ทธ ์ „์˜ ์ธต์— ๋ถ™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:53
And this material that's deposited
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ์ถ•์ ๋˜๋Š” ์žฌ๋ฃŒ๋Š”
02:56
either starts as a liquid form
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์•ก์ฒด ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋ฃจ์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ
02:58
or a material powder form.
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์‹œ์ž‘๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:01
And the bonding process can happen
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์ด์–ด์„œ ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ฌถ๋Š” ์ž‘์—…์€
03:03
by either melting and depositing or depositing then melting.
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๋…น์—ฌ์„œ ์Œ“๋˜๊ฐ€ ์Œ“์€ ๋‹ค์Œ์— ๋…น์ด๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜์ฃ 
03:06
In this case, we can see a laser sintering machine developed by EOS.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” EOS์— ์˜ํ•ด ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋œ ๋ ˆ์ด์ ธ ์†Œ๊ฒฐ ์žฅ์น˜(laser sintering machine)์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:09
It's actually using a laser
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์ด ๊ธฐ๊ณ„๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์žฌ๋ฃŒ์˜ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ธต์„
03:11
to fuse the new layer of material to the old layer.
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์ด์ „์˜ ์ธต์— ์ ‘ํ•ฉ์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ๋ ˆ์ด์ ธ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:14
And over time --
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ง€๋‚˜๋ฉด,
03:16
quite rapidly actually, in a number of hours --
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ๊ฝค๋‚˜ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ, ์ˆ˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ง€๋‚˜๋ฉด,
03:18
we can build a physical product,
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๊ธฐ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๊บผ๋‚ด์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
03:20
ready to take out of the machine and use.
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๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ ์ œํ’ˆ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:22
And this is quite an extraordinary idea,
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์ด๋Š” ์•„์ฃผ ์ง„๊ธฐํ•œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
03:26
but it is reality today.
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ํ˜„์‹ค์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:29
So all these products that you can see on the screen
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์ฆ‰, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค๊ป˜์„œ ํ™”๋ฉด์—์„œ ๋ณด์‹œ๋Š” ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ์ œํ’ˆ๋“ค์€
03:32
were made in the same way.
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๋™์ผํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:34
They were all 3D printed.
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๋ชจ๋‘ 3์ฐจ์› ์ธ์‡„๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ 
03:36
And you can see,
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๋ณด์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ,
03:38
they're ranging from shoes,
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์‹ ๋ฐœ์—์„œ ๋น„๋กฏํ•˜์—ฌ
03:40
rings that were made out of stainless steal,
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์Šคํ…Œ์ธ๋ฆฌ์Šค ์Šคํ‹ธ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง„ ๋ฐ˜์ง€,
03:43
phone covers out of plastic,
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ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ์œผ๋กœ ๋’ค๋ฎ์ธ ์ „ํ™”๊ธฐ,
03:45
all the way through to spinal implants, for example,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์˜ํ•™์šฉ ํ‹ฐํƒ€๋Š„์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง„
03:48
that were created out of medical-grade titanium,
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์ฒ™์ถ” ์ž„ํ”Œ๋ž€ํŠธ๋‚˜
03:50
and engine parts.
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์—”์ง„ ๋ถ€ํ’ˆ์— ์ด๋ฅด๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ์•„์ฃผ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:52
But what you'll notice about all of these products
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค๊ป˜์„œ ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ์ œํ’ˆ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ์„œ ์•Œ์•„์ฑ„์‹ค ์  ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š”
03:54
is they're very, very intricate.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ด๋“ค์ด ์ •๋ง, ์ •๋ง ์ •๊ตํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:56
The design is quite extraordinary.
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๋””์ž์ธ๋„ ์•„์ฃผ ๋น„๋ฒ”ํ•˜์ฃ 
03:59
Because we're taking this data in 3D form,
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์ด ๊ธฐ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ํ†ต๊ณผํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์ž๋ฅด๋Š”
04:02
slicing it up before it gets past the machine,
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3์ฐจ์› ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
04:05
we can actually create structures
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ œ์กฐ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋“ค๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ์ •๊ตํ•œ,
04:07
that are more intricate
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๋˜๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ๋Š”
04:09
than any other manufacturing technology --
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์ ˆ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š”
04:12
or, in fact, are impossible to build in any other way.
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๊ตฌ์กฐ๋“ค์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:16
And you can create parts with moving components,
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๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์›€์ง์ด๋Š” ๋ถ€ํ’ˆ์ด๋‚˜,
04:19
hinges, parts within parts.
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๊ฒฝ์ฒฉ, ๋ถ€ํ’ˆ ์•ˆ์˜ ๋ถ€ํ’ˆ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค๋„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:21
So in some cases, we can abolish totally
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ช‡๋ช‡ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š”
04:24
the need for manual labor.
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์ˆ˜์ž‘์—…์˜ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ์„ ์•„์˜ˆ ์—†์•  ๋ฒ„๋ฆด ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ฃ .
04:26
It sounds great.
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๊ต‰์žฅํ•œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์ฃ 
04:28
It is great.
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๋Œ€๋‹จํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:30
We can have 3D printers today
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์šฐ๋ฆฐ ํ˜„์žฌ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ธด ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋“ค๋„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
04:32
that build structures like these.
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3D ํ”„๋ฆฐํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์†Œ์œ ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:34
This is almost three meters high.
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์ด๊ฑด ์•ฝ 3๋ฏธํ„ฐ ์ •๋„ ๋†’์ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:37
And this was built
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์ด ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ์€
04:39
by depositing artificial sandstone layer upon layer
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5~10mm์˜ ๋‘๊ป˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง„
04:42
in layers of about five millimeters to 10 mm in thickness --
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์ธ๊ณต ์‚ฌ์•”์„ ์ธต์ธต์ด ์Œ“์Œ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:46
slowly growing this structure.
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์ฒœ์ฒœํžˆ ๋†’์—ฌ๋‚˜๊ฐ”์ฃ 
04:48
This was created by an architectural firm called Shiro.
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Shiro๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑด์ถ•ํšŒ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:51
And you can actually walk into it.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฑธ์–ด ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:53
And on the other end of the spectrum,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ŠคํŽ™ํŠธ๋Ÿผ์˜ ์ •๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์ชฝ์—๋Š”
04:55
this is a microstructure.
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๋ฏธ์„ธ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:57
It's created depositing layers
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์•ฝ 4 ๋ฏธํฌ๋ก (micron)์˜ ์ธต์„ ์Œ“์•„์„œ
04:59
of about four microns.
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๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:02
So really the resolution is quite incredible.
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๊ทธ ์ •๊ตํ•จ์€ ๋ฏฟ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์„ ์ •๋„์ฃ 
05:05
The detail that you can get today
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์„ธ๋ฐ€ํ•จ์€
05:07
is quite amazing.
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์•„์ฃผ ๋†€๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:10
So who's using it?
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋ƒ๊ณ ์š”?
05:12
Typically, because we can create products very rapidly,
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์•„์ฃผ ๋น ๋ฅธ ์†๋„๋กœ ์ œํ’ˆ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
05:15
it's been used by product designers,
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๋ณดํ†ต ์ œํ’ˆ ๋””์ž์ด๋„ˆ๋‚˜ ์‹œ์ œํ’ˆ์„ ์›ํ•˜๊ณ 
05:18
or anyone who wanted to prototype a product
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๋””์ž์ธ์„ ์•„์ฃผ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ๊ณ ์น˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š”
05:21
and very quickly create or reiterate a design.
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๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:24
And actually what's quite amazing about this technology as well
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‚ฌ์‹ค ์ด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ์•„์ฃผ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ๊ฒƒ์€
05:28
is that you can create bespoke products en masse.
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์ฃผ๋ฌธํ˜• ์ œํ’ˆ์„ ๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ์‚ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—์š”
05:31
There's very little economies of scale.
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์•„์ฃผ ์ž‘์€ ๊ทœ๋ชจ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ 
05:34
So you can now create one-offs very easily.
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์ฆ‰, ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋ฐ–์— ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•„์ฃผ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:37
Architects, for example,
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๊ฑด์ถ•๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ฉด,
05:39
they want to create prototypes of buildings.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์˜ ์‹œ์•ˆ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๊ฒ ์ฃ 
05:41
Again you can see,
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๋‹ค์‹œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค๊ป˜์„œ ๋ณด์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ,
05:43
this is a building of the Free University in Berlin
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์ด๊ฑด ๋ฒ ๋ฅผ๋ฆฐ์— ์žˆ๋Š” Free University์˜ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์ธ๋ฐ์š”,
05:46
and it was designed by Foster and Partners.
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ํฌ์Šคํ„ฐ&ํŒŒํŠธ๋„ˆ์Šค(Foster and Partners)์— ์˜ํ•ด์„œ ์„ค๊ณ„๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:48
Again, not buildable in any other way.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ž๋ฉด, ์ด๊ฑธ ์ง€์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:51
And very hard to even create this by hand.
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด๋Š” ์†์œผ๋กœ ์กฐ์ฐจ๋„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์•„์ฃผ ์–ด๋ ต์ฃ 
05:56
Now this is an engine component.
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์ž, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์—”์ง„ ๋ถ€ํ’ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:59
It was developed by a company called Within Technologies
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์ด ๋ถ€ํ’ˆ์€ Within Technologies์™€ 3T RPD๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋“ค์— ์˜ํ•ด
06:02
and 3T RPD.
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๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:05
It's very, very, very detailed
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์ด ๋””์ž์ธ์˜ ๋‚ด๋ถ€๋Š”
06:07
inside with the design.
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์•„์ฃผ ์ •๋ง ์—„์ฒญ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ์„ธ๋ฐ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:09
Now 3D printing
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์ด์ œ 3์ฐจ์› ์ธ์‡„์ˆ ์€
06:11
can break away barriers in design
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๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ œ์•ฝ์—
06:13
which challenge the constraints
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๋„์ „ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ๋˜
06:15
of mass production.
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๋””์ž์ธ์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ์˜ ์žฅ๋ฒฝ์„ ๊นจํŠธ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:17
If we slice into this product which is actually sitting here,
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋ณด์‹œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ œํ’ˆ์„ ์ž๋ฅธ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
06:20
you can see that it has a number of cooling channels pass through it,
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๋‚ด๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํ†ต๊ณผํ•˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ ํ†ต๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:24
which means it's a more efficient product.
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์ด๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋” ํšจ์œจ์ ์ธ ์ œํ’ˆ์ž„์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ 
06:27
You can't create this with standard manufacturing techniques
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์„ค์‚ฌ ์†์œผ๋กœ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋”๋ผ๋„,
06:30
even if you tried to do it manually.
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๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ์ œ์กฐ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋กœ๋Š” ์ ˆ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:32
It's more efficient
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์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ œํ’ˆ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์—
06:34
because we can now create all these cavities within the object
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์•ก์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„๋“ค์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ์—
06:37
that cool fluid.
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ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ํšจ์œจ์ ์ด์ฃ 
06:39
And it's used by aerospace
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์ด ๋ถ€ํ’ˆ์€
06:41
and automotive.
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์šฐ์ฃผ์„ ์ด๋‚˜ ์ž๋™์ฐจ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:44
It's a lighter part
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์ด๊ฒŒ ๋” ๊ฐ€๋ณ๊ณ ,
06:47
and it uses less material waste.
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์žฌ๋ฃŒ์˜ ๋‚ญ๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋” ์ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:49
So it's overall performance and efficiency
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์ด๊ฒƒ์˜ ์ „๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ๊ณผ ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ์ด
06:52
just exceeds standard mass produced products.
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ํ‘œ์ค€ํ™”๋œ ๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰ ์ƒ์‚ฐ ์ œํ’ˆ์„ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋›ฐ์–ด๋„˜๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ง์ด์—์š”
06:55
And then taking this idea
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๋˜, ์ด ์•„์ฃผ ๋ฏธ์„ธํ•œ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ์„
06:57
of creating a very detailed structure,
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๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ ,
06:59
we can apply it to honeycomb structures
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ฒŒ์ง‘๋ชจ์–‘ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ์— ์ ์šฉ์‹œ์ผœ์„œ
07:01
and use them within implants.
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์ฒด๋‚ด ์‚ฝ์ž…๋ฌผ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:04
Typically an implant
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‹ ์ฒด ์กฐ์ง์ด
07:06
is more effective within the body
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๊ทธ ์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ ์ž๋ž„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
07:08
if it's more porous,
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์ฒด๋‚ด ์‚ฝ์ž… ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ์— ๊ตฌ๋ฉ์ด ๋งŽ๋‹ค๋ฉด
07:10
because our body tissue will grow into it.
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๋ชธ ์•ˆ์—์„œ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:12
There's a lower chance of rejection.
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๊ฑฐ๋ถ€ํ•  ํ™•๋ฅ ์ด ๋” ์ ์ฃ 
07:15
But it's very hard to create that in standard ways.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์›๋ž˜์˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ๋ž€ ์•„์ฃผ ํž˜๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:18
With 3D printing,
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3์ฐจ์› ์ธ์‡„์ˆ ๋กœ
07:20
we're seeing today
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ์ฒด๋‚ด ์‚ฝ์ž…๋ฌผ์„
07:22
that we can create much better implants.
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๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:24
And in fact, because we can create
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‚ฌ์‹ค ์ฃผ๋ฌธํ˜• ์ œํ’ˆ์„
07:26
bespoke products en masse, one-offs,
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๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰ ์ƒ์‚ฐํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋ฐ–์— ์—†๋Š” ์ œํ’ˆ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
07:29
we can create implants
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๊ฐœ์ธ์—๊ฒŒ ํŠนํ™”๋œ
07:31
that are specific to individuals.
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์‚ฝ์ž…๋ฌผ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:33
So as you can see,
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๋ณด์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ,
07:35
this technology and the quality of what comes out of the machines is fantastic.
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์ด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๊ณผ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„๋“ค์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ์ œํ’ˆ์˜ ์งˆ์€ ํ™˜์ƒ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:39
And we're starting to see it being used
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €ํฌ๋Š” ์ตœ์ข… ์ œํ’ˆ์—
07:41
for final end products.
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์ด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:43
And in fact, as the detail is improving,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ ์  ๋” ์ •๊ตํ•ด์ง€๊ณ ,
07:45
the quality is improving,
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์งˆ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋˜๋ฉด์„œ,
07:47
the price of the machines are falling
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๊ธฐ๊ณ„์˜ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์€ ๋–จ์–ด์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ 
07:50
and they're becoming quicker.
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์ ์  ๋” ๋นจ๋ผ์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:52
They're also now small enough
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์ด์ œ๋Š” ์ฑ…์ƒ์—
07:54
to sit on a desktop.
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๋†“์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ์ •๋„๋กœ ์ž‘์•„์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:56
You can buy a machine today for about $300
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์ด์ œ๋Š” ํ˜ผ์ž์„œ๋„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๊ณ„๋ฅผ
07:58
that you can create yourself,
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300 ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์— ์‚ฌ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:00
which is quite incredible.
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์•„์ฃผ ๋†€๋ž์ฃ 
08:02
But then it begs the question,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๋˜ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๋‚จ๊ธฐ์ฃ 
08:04
why don't we all have one in our home?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ง‘์—๋Š” ์™œ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฑธ๊นŒ?
08:07
Because, simply, most of us here today
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๊ทธ ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋„, ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ 
08:09
don't know how to create the data
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด 3์ฐจ์› ํ”„๋ฆฐํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ์ฝ๋Š” ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ
08:11
that a 3D printer reads.
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๋งŒ๋“ค ์ค„ ๋ชจ๋ฅธ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:13
If I gave you a 3D printer,
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๋งŒ์•ฝ์— ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ป˜ 3์ฐจ์› ํ”„๋ฆฐํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ค€๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด๋„,
08:15
you wouldn't know how to direct it
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๋ณธ์ธ์ด ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๋„๋ก
08:17
to make what you want it to.
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์ง€์‹œํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ชจ๋ฅธ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:19
But there are more and more
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ 
08:21
technologies, software and processes today
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์žฅ๋ฒฝ์„ ๋ฌด๋„ˆํŠธ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
08:23
that are breaking down those barriers.
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๋งŽ์€ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด๋‚˜ ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ณต์ •๋“ค์ด ์กด์žฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:25
I believe we're at a tipping point
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
08:27
where this is now something
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์ง€๊ธˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ”ผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š”
08:30
that we can't avoid.
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ํ‹ฐํ•‘ํฌ์ธํŠธ(tipping point)์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:32
This technology
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์ด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์€
08:34
is really going to disrupt
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์ง„์งœ๋กœ
08:36
the landscape of manufacturing
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์ œ์กฐ์—…์˜ ํŒ๋„๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ณ ,
08:38
and, I believe, cause a revolution
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์ œ์กฐ์—…์—์„œ์˜ ํ˜๋ช…์„ ์ผ์œผํ‚ฌ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ 
08:40
in manufacturing.
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์ƒ๊ฐ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:42
So today,
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ,
08:44
you can download products from the Web --
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์›น์—์„œ ์ œํ’ˆ๋“ค์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:46
anything you would have on your desktop,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด ์ฑ…์ƒ ์œ„์— ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”
08:48
like pens, whistles, lemon squeezers.
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ํŽœ์ด๋‚˜ ํ˜ธ๋ฃจ๋ผ๊ธฐ, ๋ ˆ๋ชฌ์ฆ™ ์งœ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„์š”
08:51
You can use software like Google SketchUp
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ œํ’ˆ๋“ค์„
08:54
to create products from scratch
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์ฒ˜์Œ์„œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์•„์ฃผ ์†์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ
08:56
very easily.
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Google SketchUp๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์‹ค ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:59
3D printing can be also used
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์›น์—์„œ ์—ฌ๋ถ„ ๋ถ€ํ’ˆ๋“ค์„ ๋ฐ›๋Š”๋ฐ๋„
09:01
to download spare parts from the Web.
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3์ฐจ์› ์ธ์‡„์ˆ ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
09:04
So imagine you have, say,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ง‘์—
09:06
a Hoover in your home
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Hoover(์ง„๊ณต์ฒญ์†Œ๊ธฐ)๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ๊ณ ์žฅ๋‚ฌ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”
09:08
and it has broken down. You need a spare part,
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๋Œ€์ฒด ๋ถ€ํ’ˆ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ๋ฐ,
09:11
but you realize that Hoover's been discontinued.
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Hoover's ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์•˜์–ด์š”
09:14
Can you imagine going online --
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์ด๊ฑด ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
09:16
this is a reality --
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ป˜์„œ๋Š” ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์—์„œ
09:18
and finding that spare part
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์ ˆํŒ๋œ ๊ทธ ์ œํ’ˆ์˜
09:20
from a database of geometries
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๊ธฐํ•˜ํ•™์  ๊ตฌ์กฐ์˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฒ ์ด์Šค๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
09:22
of that discontinued product
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์˜ˆ๋น„์šฉ ๋ถ€ํ’ˆ์„ ์ฐพ์•„์„œ, ๊ทธ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์šด๋กœ๋“œ ๋ฐ›๊ณ ,
09:24
and downloading that information, that data,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ํ•„์š”์— ์˜ํ•ด์„œ
09:27
and having the product made for you at home,
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์ง‘์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒํƒœ๋กœ
09:29
ready to use, on your demand?
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์ œํ’ˆ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ƒ์ƒํ•˜์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ์‹ ๊ฐ€์š”?
09:32
And in fact, because we can create spare parts
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‚ฌ์‹ค ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜ˆ๋น„ ๋ถ€ํ’ˆ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
09:34
with things the machines
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๋ง ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„๋“ค์ด
09:36
are quite literally making themselves.
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์Šค์Šค๋กœ ์ž๊ธฐ ์ž์‹ ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š”๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
09:38
You're having machines fabricate themselves.
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์ž๊ธฐ ์ž์‹ ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ธฐ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:41
These are parts of a RepRap machine,
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์ด๊ฑด ์ผ์ข…์˜ ํƒ์ƒ์šฉ ์ธ์‡„๊ธฐ์ธ
09:43
which is a kind of desktop printer.
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RepPap์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
09:46
But what interests my company the most
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ œ ํšŒ์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์ด ๋ˆ ๊ฒƒ์€
09:49
is the fact that you can create
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ฐœ๊ฐœ์˜ ํŠน์ • ๋ถ€ํ’ˆ์„
09:51
individual unique products en masse.
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๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
09:54
There's no need to do a run
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์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ
09:56
of thousands of millions
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ํ•  ํ•„์š”๋„ ์—†๊ณ ,
09:58
or send that product to be injection molded in China.
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๋ณธ์„ ๋œจ๋Ÿฌ ์ค‘๊ตญ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ ์ œํ’ˆ์„ ๋ณด๋‚ผ ํ•„์š”๋„ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:01
You can just make it physically on the spot.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ ์ž๋ฆฌ์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ 
10:05
Which means
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๊ทธ ๋ง์ธ ์ฆ‰์Šจ,
10:07
that we can now present to the public
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด์ œ ์ฃผ๋ฌธ ์ œ์ž‘์˜ ๋‹ค์Œ ์„ธ๋Œ€๋ฅผ
10:09
the next generation of customization.
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๋Œ€์ค‘๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:12
This is something that is now possible today,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ œํ’ˆ์ด
10:14
that you can direct personally
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์ด๊ธธ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ์ง€ ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์œผ๋กœ
10:16
how you want your products to look.
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์ง€์‹œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:19
We're all familiar with the idea
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋“ค ์ฃผ๋ฌธ์ƒ์‚ฐ์ด๋‚˜
10:21
of customization or personalization.
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๊ฐœ์ธํ™”๋ผ๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ์— ์ต์ˆ™ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:23
Brands like Nike are doing it.
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๋‚˜์ดํ‚ค์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ฃ 
10:25
It's all over the Web.
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์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์—๋Š” ๋งŒ์—ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:27
In fact, every major household name
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ž˜ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง„ ๋ธŒ๋žœ๋“œ๋Š”
10:29
is allowing you
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋กœ ํ•˜์—ฌ๊ธˆ
10:31
to interact with their products
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๋งค์ผ ์ž์‹ ๋“ค์˜ ์ œํ’ˆ๊ณผ
10:33
on a daily basis --
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์†Œํ†ตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:35
all the way from Smart Cars
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์ž๋ฉด, ์Šค๋งˆํŠธ ์ž๋™์ฐจ์—์„œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
10:37
to Prada
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ํ”„๋ผ๋‹ค๋‚˜
10:39
to Ray Ban, for example.
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๋ ˆ์ด๋ฒค์— ์ด๋ฅด์ฃ 
10:41
But this is not really mass customization;
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋Š” ์ง„์ •ํ•œ ๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰ ๋งž์ถค์ œ์ž‘์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:43
it's known as variant production,
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์ด๋Š” ๊ฐ™์€ ์ œํ’ˆ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ˜•์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
10:45
variations of the same product.
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์ดํ˜• ์ œํ’ˆ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:48
What you could do is really influence your product now
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค๊ป˜์„œ ์ง„์ •์œผ๋กœ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด์ œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์ œํ’ˆ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ฃผ๊ณ ,
10:51
and shape-manipulate your product.
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๋ชจ์–‘์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ 
10:54
I'm not sure about you guys,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์€ ์–ด๋–จ๋Ÿฐ์ง€ ์ž˜ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ,
10:56
but I've had experiences
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์ €๋Š” ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐˆ ๋•Œ
10:58
when I've walked into a store and I've know exactly what I've wanted
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฑธ ์›ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์•Œ๊ณ ,
11:00
and I've searched everywhere for that perfect lamp
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์ง‘์—์„œ ์–ด๋””๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ๋†“์„ ์ง€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”
11:03
that I know where I want to sit in my house
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๊ทธ ์™„๋ฒฝํ•œ ์ „๋“ฑ์„ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ณณ์„ ๋’ค์กŒ์ง€๋งŒ
11:05
and I just can't find the right thing,
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ๋˜,
11:07
or that perfect piece of jewelry
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๋˜๋Š” ์„ ๋ฌผ์ด๋กœ๋‚˜ ์ œ ์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋”ฑ ๋งž๋Š” ์žฅ์‹ ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ๋˜
11:10
as a gift or for myself.
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๊ฒฝํ—˜์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:12
Imagine that you can now
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์ด์ œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด ์ด์ œ
11:14
engage with a brand
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ํšŒ์‚ฌ์™€ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋งบ๊ณ 
11:17
and interact,
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์„œ๋กœ ์—ฐ๋ฝํ•ด์„œ,
11:19
so that you can pass your personal attributes
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์‚ฌ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ทธ ์ œํ’ˆ์—
11:22
to the products that you're about to buy.
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๋ณธ์ธ์˜ ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์ธ ์ทจํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”
11:26
You can today
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
11:28
download a product with software like this,
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด์— ์ œํ’ˆ์„ ๋‹ค์šด ๋ฐ›์•„์„œ
11:30
view the product in 3D.
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3์ฐจ์›์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ ์ œํ’ˆ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:32
This is the sort of 3D data
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์ด๊ฒŒ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ๋ถˆ๋Ÿฌ๋“ค์ผ
11:34
that a machine will read.
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3์ฐจ์› ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:36
This is a lamp.
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์ด๊ฑด ์ „๋“ฑ์ด์—์š”
11:38
And you can start iterating the design.
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๋˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋””์ž์ธ์„ ๊ณ„์† ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ 
11:40
You can direct what color that product will be,
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์ƒ‰๊น”๋„ ์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
11:42
perhaps what material.
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์•„๋งˆ ์žฌ๋ฃŒ๋„ ์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊บผ์—์š”
11:44
And also, you can engage in shape manipulation of that product,
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๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€, ๊ทธ ์ œํ’ˆ์˜ ๋ชจ์–‘์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ฐ์—๋„ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ,
11:47
but within boundaries that are safe.
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์•ˆ์ „์ด ๋ณด์žฅ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฒ”์œ„์—์„œ๋งŒ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ด์š”
11:49
Because obviously the public are not professional product designers.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ธ๋“ค์€ ๋‹น์—ฐํžˆ ์ „๋ฌธ ์ œํ’ˆ ๋””์ž์ด๋„ˆ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ 
11:52
The piece of software will keep an individual
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๊ทธ ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฐœ์ธ๋“ค์„
11:55
within the bounds of the possible.
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๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๋ฒ”์œ„ ์•ˆ์— ๋‘˜๊บผ์—์š”
11:59
And when somebody is ready to purchase the product
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์ž์‹ ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋งž๋Š” ๋””์ž์ธ์˜ ์ œํ’ˆ์„
12:01
in their personalized design,
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๊ตฌ๋งคํ•  ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ
12:03
they click "Enter" and this data gets converted
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"ํ™•์ธ"์„ ๋ˆ„๋ฅด๋ฉด, ์ด ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๊ฐ€
12:06
into the data that a 3D printer reads
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3์ฐจ์› ์ธ์‡„๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ฝ์–ด ๋“ค์ด๋Š” ์ž๋ฃŒ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™˜์ด ๋˜๊ณ ,
12:10
and gets passed to a 3D printer,
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์•„๋งˆ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์˜ ์ฑ…์ƒ ์œ„์— ์žˆ๋Š”
12:15
perhaps on someone's desktop.
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์ธ์‡„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ†ต๊ณผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
12:18
But I don't think that that's immediate.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋ฆฌ๋ผ๊ณค ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
12:20
I don't think that will happen soon.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ ค๋ฉด ์˜ค๋žœ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๊ฑธ๋ฆด ๊ฑฐ์—์š”
12:22
What's more likely, and we're seeing it today,
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๋” ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ๊ณ , ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
12:24
is that data gets sent
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๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ์ œ์กฐ ์„ผํ„ฐ๋กœ
12:26
to a local manufacturing center.
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๋ณด๋‚ด์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ 
12:28
This means lower carbon footprint.
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์ด๋Š” ๋” ์ ์€ ํƒ„์†Œ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ด์š”
12:31
We're now, instead of shipping a product across the world,
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์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์„ ์ „์„ธ๊ณ„๋กœ ์šด์†กํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹ ์—,
12:34
we're sending data across the Internet.
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์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
12:36
Here's the product being built.
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์ด๊ฒŒ ์ œ์กฐ ์ค‘์ธ ๋ฌผํ’ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
12:39
You can see, this came out of the machine in one piece
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๋ณด์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ์ด๊ฒŒ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„์—์„œ ํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜์˜ค๊ณ ,
12:41
and the electronics were inserted later.
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์ „๊ธฐ ์„ค๋น„๋Š” ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋ผ์š”
12:43
It's this lamp, as you can see here.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ์ด ๋žจํ”„์—์š”
12:45
So as long as you have the data,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ํ•œ,
12:47
you can create the part on demand.
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์–ธ์ œ๋“ ์ง€ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
12:49
And you don't necessarily need to use this
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๋˜ํ•œ ์ด๋ฅผ ๋‹จ์ง€ ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ๋ฏธ์ ์ธ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์„
12:51
for just aesthetic customization,
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๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์ œํ’ˆ์—๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
12:53
you can use it for functional customization,
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์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ฐ์—๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ 
12:55
scanning parts of the body
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์ด๋Š” ์ „์ฒด์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ฝ์–ด ๋“ค์—ฌ์„œ
12:57
and creating things that are made to fit.
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ๋งž๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
12:59
So we can run this through to something like prosthetics,
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์ฆ‰, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ์žฅ์• ์— ๊ณ ๋„๋กœ ํŠนํ™”๋œ
13:02
which is highly specialized to an individual's handicap.
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์ธ๊ณต ๊ธฐ๊ด€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์—๊นŒ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์ฃ 
13:05
Or we can create very specific prosthetics
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋งŒ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ
13:09
for that individual.
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๋งž์ถค ์ธ๊ณต๊ธฐ๊ด€์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
13:11
Scanning teeth today,
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์น˜์•„๋ฅผ ์Šค์บ๋‹ํ•ด์„œ,
13:13
you can have your teeth scanned
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ
13:15
and dental coatings made in this way to fit you.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ป˜ ๋”ฑ ๋งž๊ฒŒ ์”Œ์šธ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
13:17
While you wait at the dentist,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์น˜๊ณผ์—์„œ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ
13:19
a machine will quietly be creating this for you
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๊ธฐ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์กฐ์šฉํžˆ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์น˜์•„์—
13:22
ready to insert in the teeth.
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์”Œ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
13:24
And the idea of now creating implants,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด์ œ ์ฒด๋‚ด ์‚ฝ์ž…๋ฌผ์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ,
13:28
scanning data, an MRI scan of somebody
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๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ฝ์–ด ๋“ค์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ, ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ MRI ์ž๋ฃŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
13:31
can now be converted into 3D data
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์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋“ค์ด 3์ฐจ์› ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™˜์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
13:33
and we can create very specific implants for them.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ์ฒด๋‚ด ์‚ฝ์ž…๋ฌผ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
13:37
And applying this
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๋˜ํ•œ ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์†์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
13:39
to the idea of building up what's in our bodies.
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์•„์ด๋””์–ด์—๊นŒ์ง€ ์ ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ 
13:41
You know, this is pair of lungs and the bronchial tree.
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์ด๊ฑด ํ•œ ์Œ์˜ ํ์™€ ๊ธฐ๊ด€์ง€ ๋‚˜๋ฌด(bronchial tree)์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
13:44
It's very intricate.
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์•„์ฃผ ์ •๊ตํ•˜์ฃ 
13:46
You couldn't really create this or simulate it in any other way.
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์šฐ๋ฆฐ ๊ทธ ์–ด๋–ค ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ๋„ ์ด๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ‰๋‚ด๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
13:48
But with MRI data,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ณด์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ,
13:50
we can just build the product,
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MRI ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด
13:52
as you can see, very intricately.
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์•„์ฃผ ์ •๊ตํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ 
13:56
Using this process,
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ณต์ •์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ,
13:58
pioneers in the industry are layering up cells today.
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์‚ฐ์—…์˜ ์„ ๋‘ ์ฃผ์ž๋“ค์€ ์„ธํฌ๋“ค์„ ์ธต์œผ๋กœ ์Œ“๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
14:01
So one of the pioneers, for example, is Dr. Anthony Atala,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์ž๋ฉด, ์•ค์จ๋‹ˆ ์•„ํƒˆ๋ผ(Anthony Atala) ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋Š”
14:04
and he has been working
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์„ ๋‘ ์ฃผ์ž๋“ค ์ค‘ ํ•œ ๋ช…์ธ๋ฐ,
14:06
on layering cells to create body parts --
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๋ฐฉ๊ด‘์ด๋‚˜ ํŒ๋ง‰, ์‹ ์žฅ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์‹ ์ฒด ์ผ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
14:08
bladders, valves, kidneys.
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์„ธํฌ๋“ค์„ ์ธตํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ์ž‘์—…์„ ํ•ด์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
14:12
Now this is not something that's ready for the public,
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์ž, ์ด๊ฑด ์•„์ง ๊ณต๊ฐœ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
14:14
but it is in working progress.
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์ ์ฐจ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ž˜ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
14:17
So just to finalize, we're all individual.
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
14:19
We all have different preferences, different needs.
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์„ ํ˜ธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ณ , ํ•„์š”๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋‹ค๋ฅด์ฃ 
14:22
We like different things.
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๋ชจ๋‘ ๋‹ค ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ด์š”
14:24
We're all different sizes and our companies the same.
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ํ‚ค๋„ ์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ณ , ๋™๋ฃŒ๋“ค๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ฃ 
14:26
Businesses want different things.
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์‚ฌ์—…์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์›ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
14:28
Without a doubt in my mind,
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ํ•œ ํ†จ์˜ ์˜์‹ฌ์˜ ์—ฌ์ง€ ์—†์ด,
14:30
I believe that this technology
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์ „ ์ด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด
14:32
is going to cause a manufacturing revolution
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์ œ์กฐ์—…๊ณ„์— ํ˜๋ช…์„ ์ผ์œผํ‚ฌ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
14:34
and will change the landscape of manufacturing as we know it.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋˜ ์ œ์กฐ์—…์˜ ํŒ๋„๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
14:37
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
14:39
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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