7 principles for building better cities | Peter Calthorpe | TED

2,347,780 views ・ 2017-08-31

TED


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: GYEONGHUI KIM κ²€ν† : Jihyeon J. Kim
00:12
So, let me add to the complexity
0
12494
1982
우리 μžμ‹ λ“€μ΄ μ²˜ν•΄μžˆλŠ” λ³΅μž‘ν•œ 상황을 이야기 ν•˜λ €κ³  ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:14
of the situation we find ourselves in.
1
14500
2566
00:17
At the same time that we're solving for climate change,
2
17090
4326
κΈ°ν›„ λ³€ν™” 문제λ₯Ό ν•΄κ²°ν•˜λ©΄μ„œ
00:21
we're going to be building cities for three billion people.
3
21440
3803
30μ–΅ λͺ…μ˜ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ„ μˆ˜μš©ν•  λ„μ‹œλ₯Ό μ„Έμš°λ €κ³  ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:26
That's a doubling of the urban environment.
4
26397
2608
λ„μ‹œ 인ꡬ의 2λ°°κ°€ λ˜λŠ” μ…ˆμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:29
If we don't get that right,
5
29727
1673
저희가 그것을 μ œλŒ€λ‘œ 해내지 λͺ»ν•œλ‹€λ©΄
00:31
I'm not sure all the climate solutions in the world will save mankind,
6
31424
4531
ν–₯ν›„ 인λ₯˜μ˜ 생쑴에 λŒ€ν•΄ μž₯λ‹΄ν•  수 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:36
because so much depends on how we shape our cities:
7
36627
3775
μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ λ„μ‹œλ₯Ό κ±΄μ„€ν•˜λŠλƒκ°€ λ§Žμ€ 것을 μ’Œμ§€μš°μ§€ν•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:40
not just environmental impacts,
8
40426
2230
ν™˜κ²½μ— λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ” 영ν–₯뿐만 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
00:42
but our social well-being,
9
42680
1636
μ‚¬νšŒμ  행볡
00:44
our economic vitality,
10
44340
2282
경제적 ν™œλ ₯
00:46
our sense of community and connectedness.
11
46646
2799
μ†Œμ†κ°κ³Ό μ—°λŒ€κ°λ“€ λ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:49
Fundamentally, the way we shape cities is a manifestation
12
49974
3171
근본적으둜, λ„μ‹œλ₯Ό μ§“λŠ” 방식은
인λ₯˜κ°€ 어디에 관심 μžˆλŠ”μ§€λ₯Ό λ“œλŸ¬λ‚΄λŠ” ν‘œν˜„λ°©μ‹μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:53
of the kind of humanity we bring to bear.
13
53169
2659
00:55
And so getting it right is, I think,
14
55852
3110
κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 이 일을 μ œλŒ€λ‘œ ν•΄λ‚Έλ‹€λŠ” 것은
00:58
the order of the day.
15
58986
1646
ν˜„μ‹œλŒ€μ˜ 풍쑰λ₯Ό 잘 λ“œλŸ¬λ‚΄λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:00
And to a certain degree, getting it right can help us solve climate change,
16
60656
3628
그리고 μ–΄λŠ μ •λ„λŠ”, κΈ°ν›„ λ³€ν™”λ₯Ό ν•΄κ²°ν•˜λŠ” 데 도움이 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:04
because in the end,
17
64308
1152
μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ κ²°κ΅­
01:05
it's our behavior that seems to be driving the problem.
18
65484
3428
μΈκ°„μ˜ 행동이 문제λ₯Ό μ•ΌκΈ°μ‹œν‚€λ‹ˆκΉŒμš”.
01:08
The problem isn't free-floating,
19
68936
1878
λ¬Έμ œλŠ” κ·Έλƒ₯ 생기지 μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:10
and it isn't just ExxonMobil and oil companies.
20
70838
3906
단지 μ—‘μŠ¨λͺ¨λΉŒκ³Ό μ„μœ  νšŒμ‚¬λ“€μ΄ 문제λ₯Ό λ§Œλ“€μ–΄ 내진 μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:14
It's us; how we live.
21
74768
1713
λ°”λ‘œ 저희듀 λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 저희가 μ‚΄μ•„κ°€λŠ” λ°©μ‹μ΄μš”.
01:18
How we live.
22
78161
1219
저희가 μ‚΄μ•„κ°€λŠ” 방식 λ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:19
There's a villain in this story.
23
79864
1565
μ €μ˜ 이야기 속에 악당이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:21
It's called sprawl, and I'll be upfront about that.
24
81453
3513
'μŠ€ν”„λ‘€'이라고 λΆˆλ¦¬κ΅¬μš”, μ†”μ§ν•˜κ²Œ λ§μ”€λ“œλ¦¬κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:24
But it's not just the kind of sprawl you think of, or many people think of,
25
84990
3785
이것은 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ μƒκ°ν•˜μ‹œλŠ” 'μŠ€ν”„λ‘€'ν˜„μƒμ€ μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:28
as low-density development
26
88799
1630
λŒ€λ„μ‹œμ˜ μ™Έκ³½μ§€μ—­μœΌλ‘œ λ»—μ–΄λ‚˜κ°€λŠ”
01:30
out at the periphery of the metropolitan area.
27
90453
2648
저밀도 κ°œλ°œμ„ μ§€μΉ­ν•˜λŠ” 것이 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:33
Actually, I think sprawl can happen anywhere, at any density.
28
93952
4520
사싀, μŠ€ν”„λ‘€μ€ 밀도에 상관없이 μ–΄λ””μ—μ„œλ‚˜ 일어날 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:39
The key attribute is that it isolates people.
29
99160
3157
μŠ€ν”„λ‘€ ν˜„μƒμ˜ κ°€μž₯ 큰 νŠΉμ§•μ€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ„ κ³ λ¦½μ‹œν‚¨λ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:42
It segregates people into economic enclaves
30
102874
3890
이 ν˜„μƒμ€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ„ λ‘˜λ‘œ λΆ„λ¦¬μ‹œν‚΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
경제적인 λͺ©μ , μ•„λ‹ˆλ©΄ 토지λ₯Ό μ΄μš©ν•˜λŠ” λͺ©μ μ„ 가진 μ§‘λ‹¨μ΄μš”.
01:46
and land-use enclaves.
31
106788
1592
01:48
It separates them from nature.
32
108404
2096
κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ μžμ—°κ³Ό λ©€μ–΄μ§€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:50
It doesn't allow the cross-fertilization,
33
110524
3154
이것은 μƒν˜Έκ΅λ₯˜λ₯Ό ν—ˆλ½ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:53
the interaction,
34
113702
1264
μ‚¬νšŒλ₯Ό λ²ˆμ„±ν•˜κ²Œ ν•˜κ³ 
01:54
that make cities great places
35
114990
2423
더 λ‚˜μ€ 곳으둜 λ§Œλ“€κ²Œ ν•˜λŠ”
01:57
and that make society thrive.
36
117437
2246
μƒν˜Έμž‘μš©μ„ ν—ˆλ½ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:00
So the antidote to sprawl is really what we all need to be thinking about,
37
120209
4742
κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μŠ€ν”„λ‘€ ν˜„μƒμ„ ν•΄κ²°ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ μ €ν¬λŠ” 생각해야 ν•  ν•„μš”κ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:04
especially when we're taking on this massive construction project.
38
124975
4423
특히 λŒ€κ·œλͺ¨ 건섀 κ³„νšμ„ μ‹€ν–‰ν•  λ•ŒλŠ” 더 κ·Έλ ‡μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:09
So let me take you through one exercise.
39
129925
2485
μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„κ»˜ ν•œκ°€μ§€ 예λ₯Ό λ³΄μ—¬λ“œλ¦¬κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:12
We developed the model for the state of California
40
132434
3766
μ €ν¬λŠ” μΊ˜λ¦¬ν¬λ‹ˆμ•„μ£Όλ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄ ν•œ 가지 λͺ¨ν˜•μ„ κ°œλ°œν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:16
so they could get on with reducing carbon emissions.
41
136224
3083
νƒ„μ†Œ λ°°μΆœμ„ μ€„μ΄λŠ” λͺ¨ν˜•μ΄μ—ˆμ£ .
02:19
We did a whole series of scenarios for how the state could grow,
42
139866
5496
μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ κ·Έ 지역을 μ„±μž₯μ‹œν‚¬ 수 μžˆμ„μ§€ μ „μ²΄μ μœΌλ‘œ μ—¬λŸ¬ μ‹œλ‚˜λ¦¬μ˜€λ₯Ό μ§°μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:25
and this is just one overly simplified one.
43
145386
3123
이것은 μ—„μ²­λ‚˜κ²Œ λ‹¨μˆœν™”μ‹œν‚¨ μ˜ˆμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:28
We mixed different development prototypes
44
148533
2796
μ €ν¬λŠ” λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ 개발 κΈ°μˆ μ„ μ„žμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:31
and said they're going to carry us through the year 2050,
45
151353
3811
그리고 2050λ…„κΉŒμ§€ μ§€μ†μ‹œν‚€λ©΄μ„œ
02:35
10 million new crew in our state of California.
46
155188
4756
μΊ˜λ¦¬ν¬λ‹ˆμ•„μ£Όκ°€ 천만 인ꡬλ₯Ό 달성할 거라고 λ§ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:40
And one was sprawl.
47
160511
1252
ν•˜λ‚˜λŠ” μŠ€ν”„λ‘€ λͺ¨ν˜•μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:41
It's just more of the same: shopping malls, subdivisions,
48
161787
3532
λ³„λ°˜ λ‹€λ₯Ό 것 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ‡Όν•‘λͺ°, 행정ꡬ역듀,
02:45
office parks.
49
165343
1184
볡합 상업지ꡬ듀이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:46
The other one was dominated by, not everybody moving to the city,
50
166551
3790
λ‹€λ₯Έ ν•˜λ‚˜λŠ” μ΄μ£Όν•΄μ˜€λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ— μ˜ν•œ 개발이 μ•„λ‹Œ
02:50
but just compact development,
51
170365
1683
μ••μΆ• 개발λͺ¨ν˜•μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:52
what we used to think of as streetcar suburbs,
52
172072
2558
μ‹œλ‚΄ μ „μ°¨κ°€ λ‹€λ‹ˆλŠ” ꡐ외지역,
02:54
walkable neighborhoods,
53
174654
1239
κ±Έμ–΄μ„œ μ΄λ™ν• λ§Œν•œ 주변지역,
02:55
low-rise, but integrated, mixed-used environments.
54
175917
4265
μ €μΈ΅ν˜• μ•„νŒŒνŠΈλ“€μ΄μ§€λ§Œ ν†΅ν•©λ˜κ³ , ν˜Όν•©λ˜μ–΄ μ΄μš©λ˜μ–΄μ§€λŠ” ν™˜κ²½λ“€μš”.
03:00
And the results are astounding.
55
180789
2436
그리고 κ·Έ κ²°κ³ΌλŠ” μ•„μ£Ό λ†€λΌμ› μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:03
They're astounding not just for the scale of the difference
56
183249
3163
단지 저희가 λ„μ‹œλ₯Ό λ§Œλ“œλŠ” 방법이 λ§Œλ“œλŠ” 규λͺ¨μ˜ 차이 λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
03:06
of this one shift in our city-making habit
57
186436
4235
κ·Έ κ²°κ³Όκ°€ νŠΉλ³„ν•œ 이읡 집단을 λ˜ν•œ λ“œλŸ¬λƒˆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:10
but also because each one represents a special interest group,
58
190695
4714
03:16
a special interest group that used to advocate for their concerns
59
196053
4389
μžμ‹ λ“€μ˜ 이읡을 ν•˜λ‚˜ν•˜λ‚˜μ”© μ±™κΈ°λŠ” 이읡 집단 λ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:20
one at a time.
60
200466
1165
03:21
They did not see the, what I call, "co-benefits" of urban form
61
201655
5099
그듀은 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ†Œμœ„ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜λŠ” λ‹€λ₯Έ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€κ³Ό μ΄μ–΄μ£ΌλŠ” κ°œλ…μΈ
곡곡 ν˜œνƒμ„ λ¬΄μ‹œν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:26
that allows them to join with others.
62
206778
2475
03:29
So, land consumption:
63
209277
1588
ν† μ§€μ˜ λ¬΄λΆ„λ³„ν•œ μ†Œλͺ¨:
03:30
environmentalists are really concerned about this,
64
210889
2814
ν™˜κ²½μ£Όμ˜μžλ“€μ€ 이것에 λŒ€ν•΄μ„œ μ •λ§λ‘œ μ—Όλ €λ₯Ό ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:33
so are farmers;
65
213727
1185
농뢀듀도 λ§ˆμ°¬κ°€μ§€μ΄κ³ μš”
03:35
there's a whole range of people,
66
215516
2222
λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ μ’…λ₯˜μ˜ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ μ‘΄μž¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:37
and, of course, neighborhood groups that want open space nearby.
67
217762
3387
λΉˆν„°λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κ³  μ‹Άμ–΄ν•˜λŠ” 이웃 주민듀도 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:41
The sprawl version of California
68
221681
2086
μΊ˜λ¦¬ν¬λ‹ˆμ•„μ˜ μŠ€ν”„λ‘€ν˜„μƒμ€
03:43
almost doubles the urban physical footprint.
69
223791
3626
2λ°° 정도 λ„μ‹œν™” μ‹œμΌ°μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:48
Greenhouse gas: tremendous savings,
70
228249
2675
μ˜¨μ‹€κ°€μŠ€: μ—„μ²­λ‚œ 감좕
03:50
because in California, our biggest carbon emission comes from cars,
71
230948
4815
μΊ˜λ¦¬ν¬λ‹ˆμ•„μ—μ„œ, νƒ„μ†Œ 배좜의 μ£Όμš” 원인은 μžλ™μ°¨ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:55
and cities that don't depend on cars as much
72
235787
3700
그리고 μžλ™μ°¨μ— 그닀지 μ˜μ‘΄ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ” λ„μ‹œλ“€μ€
03:59
obviously create huge savings.
73
239511
3047
λ°°μΆœμ„ μ—„μ²­λ‚˜κ²Œ 쀄일 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:03
Vehicle miles traveled: that's what I was just talking about.
74
243421
3076
μš΄μ†‘ μˆ˜λ‹¨μ˜ 수마일 거리 이동: μ œκ°€ 이야기 ν•˜λ €κ³  ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:06
Just reducing the average 10,000 miles per household per year,
75
246521
4985
일년에 ν•œ κ°€μ •λ‹Ή 26,000 λ§ˆμΌμ—μ„œ
04:11
from somewhere in the mid-26,000 per household,
76
251530
5330
ν‰κ· μ μœΌλ‘œ 10,000 λ§ˆμΌμ„ μ€„μ΄κ²Œ 되면
04:16
has a huge impact not just on air quality and carbon
77
256884
4880
곡기의 질과 νƒ„μ†Œ 배좜 μ–‘ 뿐만 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
04:21
but also on the household pocketbook.
78
261788
2571
κ°€μ • κ²½μ œμ—λ„ μ—„μ²­λ‚œ 영ν–₯을 미치게 λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:24
It's very expensive to drive that much,
79
264383
2993
κ·Έ μ •λ„λ‘œ μš΄μ „ν•˜λŠ” 것은 맀우 λ§Žμ€ 돈이 λ“€μ–΄κ°‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:27
and as we've seen,
80
267400
1392
그리고 저희가 봐온 것과 같이,
04:28
the middle class is struggling to hold on.
81
268816
2515
쀑산측듀은 이것을 μœ μ§€ν•˜λ € μ• μ”λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:32
Health care: we were talking about how do you fix it once we broke it --
82
272133
3985
건강 λ³΄ν—˜: κ³ μž₯λƒˆμ„ λ•Œ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ κ³ μΉ˜λŠ” 지에 λŒ€ν•œ 이야기 μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:36
clean the air.
83
276142
1159
곡기λ₯Ό μ •ν™”ν•˜κΈ°.
04:37
Why not just stop polluting?
84
277325
1991
μ˜€μ—Όμ‹œν‚€λŠ” ν–‰μœ„λ₯Ό λ©ˆμΆ”λŠ” 게 μ–΄λ–€κ°€μš”?
04:39
Why not just use our feet and bikes more?
85
279340
3428
μžμ „κ±°λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜ κ±Έμ–΄λ‹€λ‹ˆλŠ” κ±΄μš”?
04:42
And that's a function of the kinds of cities that we shape.
86
282792
3191
저희가 λ§Œλ“€μ–΄κ°€λŠ” λŒ€λ‘œ λ„μ‹œκ°€ κΈ°λŠ₯ν•˜κ² μ§€μš”.
04:47
Household costs:
87
287134
1392
κ°€μ • 경제 λΉ„μš©
04:49
2008 was a mark in time,
88
289063
2298
2008년에 졜고치λ₯Ό μ°μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:51
not of just the financial industry running amok.
89
291385
3562
μ‚°μ—…κ²½μ œκ°€ λ‚  λ›°μ—ˆμ„ λΏλ§Œμ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
04:55
It was that we were trying to sell too many of the wrong kind of housing:
90
295463
4659
잘λͺ»λœ ν˜•νƒœμ˜ 주거지λ₯Ό λ„ˆλ¬΄ 많이 νŒ”λ €κ³  μ• μΌμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:00
large lot, single family, distant,
91
300146
2951
μ»€λ‹€λž€ λŒ€μ§€, 단독 가ꡬ, λ¨Ό 거리
05:03
too expensive for the average middle-class family to afford
92
303121
4201
ν‰λ²”ν•œ 쀑산측이 μ‚¬κΈ°μ—λŠ” λ„ˆλ¬΄ λΉ„μ‹Έκ³ 
05:07
and, quite frankly, not a good fit to their lifestyle anymore.
93
307346
3602
μ†”μ§νžˆ λ§ν•΄μ„œ, κ·Έλ“€μ˜ 라이프 μŠ€νƒ€μΌμ— 더 이상 μ ν•©ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:10
But in order to move inventory,
94
310972
1916
ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 재고λ₯Ό μ •λ¦¬ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄μ„œ
05:13
you can discount the financing and get it sold.
95
313286
3206
할인을 ν•΄μ„œ νŒλ§€ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:16
I think that's a lot of what happened.
96
316516
1848
그런 일이 많이 μΌμ–΄λ‚¬μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:18
Reducing cost by 10,000 dollars --
97
318388
2666
10,000λ‹¬λŸ¬ μ •λ„μ˜ 가격을 λ‚΄λ¦¬λŠ” κ²ƒμ΄μš”.
05:21
remember, in California the median is 50,000 --
98
321078
2837
μΊ˜λ¦¬ν¬λ‹ˆμ•„μ˜ 평균 주택 값이 50,000λ‹¬λŸ¬λΌλŠ” 점을 봀을 λ•Œ
05:23
this is a big element.
99
323939
1881
λ¬΄μ‹œν•˜μ§€ λͺ»ν•  μΌμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:25
That's just cars and utility costs.
100
325844
2629
그것은 μžλ™μ°¨μ™€ κ³΅κ³ΌκΈˆμ„ μœ„ν•œ λΉ„μš©μ΄ 될 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:28
So the affordable housing advocates, who often sit off in their silos
101
328497
4200
외뢀와 담을 μŒ“κ³ , μ•Œλ§žμ€ κ°€κ²©λŒ€μ˜ 주거지λ₯Ό μ˜Ήν˜Έν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€
05:32
separate from the environmentalists, separate from the politicians,
102
332721
4464
ν™˜κ²½μš΄λ™κ°€μ™€ μ •μΉ˜μΈλ“€κ³Ό μ†Œν†΅ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:37
everybody fighting with everyone,
103
337209
1978
λͺ¨λ“  μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ μ„œλ‘œ μ‹Έμš°κ²Œ λ˜λŠ”λ°
05:39
now begin to see common cause,
104
339211
1918
곡톡적 μ΄μœ κ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:41
and I think the common cause is what really brings about the change.
105
341153
3436
κ·Έ μ΄μœ κ°€ λ°”λ‘œ λ³€ν™”μ˜ ν•΅μ‹¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:45
Los Angeles, as a result of these efforts,
106
345657
2880
이런 λ…Έλ ₯의 결과둜 λ‘œμŠ€μ•€μ €λ ˆμŠ€λŠ”
05:48
has now decided to transform itself
107
348561
3024
λŒ€μ€‘κ΅ν†΅ 지ν–₯ν˜•μ˜ λ„μ‹œλ‘œ λ³€ν™”μ‹œν‚€κΈ°λ‘œ κ²°μ‹¬ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:51
into a more transit-oriented environment.
108
351609
3372
05:55
As a matter of fact, since '08,
109
355005
1734
사싀, 2008λ…„λΆ€ν„°
05:56
they've voted in 400 billion dollars of bonds for transit
110
356763
3949
4000μ–΅ λ‹¬λŸ¬μ˜ μ±„κΆŒμ„ λŒ€μ€‘κ΅ν†΅μ— μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κΈ°λ‘œ μ±„κ²°ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:00
and zero dollars for new highways.
111
360736
2849
μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ κ³ μ†λ„λ‘œλ₯Ό μœ„ν•œ μ˜ˆμ‚°μ€ νŽΈμ„±λ˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:03
What a transformation:
112
363609
1168
λŒ€λ‹¨ν•œ λ³€ν™”
06:04
LA becomes a city of walkers and transit,
113
364801
3331
LAλŠ” μžλ™μ°¨μ˜ λ„μ‹œκ°€ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ λ³΄ν–‰μžμ™€ λŒ€μ€‘κ΅ν†΅ 이용자λ₯Ό μœ„ν•œ
06:08
not a city of cars.
114
368156
1179
λ„μ‹œκ°€ 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:09
(Applause)
115
369359
1007
(λ°•μˆ˜)
06:10
How does it happen?
116
370390
1200
μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ 될 수 μžˆμ„κΉŒμš”?
06:11
You take the least desirable land, the strip,
117
371614
2137
κ°€μž₯ μ„ ν˜Έλ˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ” 지역을 νƒν•΄μ„œ
06:13
you add where there's space, transit
118
373775
2047
빈 곡간에 λŒ€μ€‘κ΅ν†΅μ„ κ±΄μ„€ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:15
and then you infill mixed-use development,
119
375846
4263
그리고 λ³΅ν•©μš© 개발둜 곡간을 μ±„μ›λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:20
you satisfy new housing demands
120
380133
2183
μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 주거지 μˆ˜μš”λ₯Ό λ§Œμ‘±μ‹œν‚΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:22
and you make the existing neighborhoods
121
382340
1991
이웃지역듀 κ·Έ 주변을
06:24
all around it more complex,
122
384355
1465
더 λ³΅μž‘ν•˜κ³ , 더 ν₯λ―Έλ‘­κ³ 
06:25
more interesting, more walkable.
123
385844
1905
걸어닀닐 수 μžˆλ„λ‘ λ§Œλ“­λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:28
Here's another kind of sprawl:
124
388660
2233
또 λ‹€λ₯Έ μŠ€ν”„λ‘€ν˜„μƒμ˜ μ˜ˆκ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:31
China, high-density sprawl, what you think of as an oxymoron,
125
391607
3508
쀑ꡭ은 λͺ¨μˆœμ μΌ μˆ˜λŠ” μžˆμ§€λ§Œ, κ³ λ°€λ„μ˜ μŠ€ν”„λ‘€ ν˜„μƒμ΄ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:35
but the same problems, everything isolated in superblocks,
126
395139
3434
κ±°λŒ€ 블둝에 λͺ¨λ“  것이 κ²©λ¦¬λ˜μ–΄ 있고
06:38
and of course this amazing smog that was just spoken to.
127
398597
3528
μ—„μ²­λ‚œ 슀λͺ¨κ·Έ ν˜„μƒμ— λŒ€ν•œ λ¬Έμ œλ„ 이야기 ν•˜λ € ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:42
Twelve percent of GDP in China now is spent
128
402149
3229
μ€‘κ΅­μ—μ„œ 12%의 GDPλŠ”
06:45
on the health impacts of that.
129
405402
2197
슀λͺ¨κ·Έμ— 영ν–₯을 받은 건강 λ¬Έμ œμ— μ“°μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:47
The history, of course, of Chinese cities is robust.
130
407623
3265
λ¬Όλ‘  쀑ꡭ λ„μ‹œλ“€μ˜ μ—­μ‚¬λŠ” νƒ„νƒ„ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:50
It's like any other place.
131
410912
1252
λ‹€λ₯Έ κ³³λ“€κ³Ό κ°™μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:52
Community was all about small, local shops
132
412188
3012
μ§€μ—­μ‚¬νšŒλŠ” μž‘μ€ ν˜„μ§€ 상점듀
06:55
and local services and walking, interacting with your neighbors.
133
415224
4143
지역 μ„œλΉ„μŠ€μ™€ 도보, μ΄μ›ƒλ“€κ³Όμ˜ μƒν˜Έμž‘μš©μœΌλ‘œ κ΅¬μ„±λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:59
It may sound utopian, but it's not.
134
419391
2124
μœ ν† ν”Όμ•„μ²˜λŸΌ λ“€λ¦¬κ² μ§€λ§Œ 그렇지 μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:01
It's actually what people really want.
135
421539
1967
사싀 그것이 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ μ •λ§λ‘œ μ›ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:03
The new superblocks --
136
423530
1547
μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ κ±°λŒ€ν•œ 블둝듀
07:05
these are blocks that would have 5,000 units in them,
137
425101
3920
5,000가ꡬ가 속해 있고
07:09
and they're gated as well, because nobody knows anybody else.
138
429045
3812
μ„œλ‘œ 담을 μŒ“κ³  μžˆμ–΄, 아무도 μ„œλ‘œλ₯Ό μ•Œμ§€ λͺ»ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:12
And of course, there isn't even a sidewalk, no ground floor shops --
139
432881
3500
인도도 μ—†κ³  1μΈ΅ κ°€κ²Œλ“€λ„ μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:16
a very sterile environment.
140
436405
1864
맀우 λ©”λ§ˆλ₯Έ ν™˜κ²½μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:18
I found this one case here in one of the superblocks
141
438838
4616
ν•œ κ±°λŒ€ λΈ”λ‘μ—μ„œ
07:23
where people had illicitly set up shops in their garages
142
443478
3226
지역 사업 경제λ₯Ό 가지도둝
07:26
so that they could have that kind of local service economy.
143
446728
3698
μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ κ·Έλ“€μ˜ 차고에 λΆˆλ²•μ μœΌλ‘œ κ°€κ²Œλ₯Ό μ°¨λ¦° 경우λ₯Ό λ°œκ²¬ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:30
The desire of people to get it right is there.
144
450450
4757
μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ˜ μ œλŒ€λ‘œ λ°”λ‘œμž‘κ³  싢은 μš•λ§μ΄ 거기에 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:35
We just have to get the planners on board and the politicians.
145
455231
3288
μš°λ¦¬κ°€ ν•΄μ•Ό ν•  일은 κ³„νšμ„ μ„Έμš°κ³  μ •μΉ˜μΈλ“€μ„ λͺ¨μœΌλŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:38
All right. Some technical planning stuff.
146
458982
3807
기술적인 κ³„νšμ΄ ν•„μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:42
Chongqing is a city of 30 million people.
147
462813
3173
좩칭은 3천만 인ꡬ의 λ„μ‹œμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:46
It's almost as big as California.
148
466010
2363
μΊ˜λ¦¬ν¬λ‹ˆμ•„λ§ŒνΌ 큰 곳이죠.
07:48
This is a small growth area.
149
468397
1690
μž‘κ²Œ μ„±μž₯ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ” κ³³μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:50
They wanted us to test the alternative to sprawl
150
470111
3612
μ€‘κ΅­μ˜ λͺ‡λͺ‡ λ„μ‹œλŠ” μŠ€ν”„λ‘€μ— λŒ€ν•œ
07:53
in several cities across China.
151
473747
2774
λŒ€μ±…μ„ μ‹€ν—˜ν•˜κΈΈ λ°”λž¬μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:56
This is for four-and-a-half million people.
152
476892
3282
4λ°±50만 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ„ μœ„ν•œ 것이죠.
08:00
What the takeaway from this image is,
153
480198
1931
λͺ¨λ“  원듀은 μš΄μ†‘μ²΄κ³„ μ£Όλ³€μ˜ 도보 λ°˜κ²½μΈλ°μš”
08:02
every one of those circles is a walking radius
154
482153
2649
08:04
around a transit station --
155
484826
1616
μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ 빠진 것은
08:07
massive investment in metro and BRT,
156
487100
2955
λ©”νŠΈλ‘œμ™€ BRT (κ°„μ„  κΈ‰ν–‰ λ²„μŠ€ 체계)에 λŒ€ν•œ νˆ¬μžμ™€
08:10
and a distribution that allows everybody
157
490764
2332
λͺ¨λ“  μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ λŒ€μ€‘κ΅ν†΅μ˜ 도보 거리 μ΄λ‚΄μ—μ„œ
08:13
to work within walking distance of that.
158
493120
2611
일할 수 μžˆλ„λ‘ ν•˜λŠ” 것이죠.
08:15
The red area, this is a blow-up.
159
495755
2297
λΉ¨κ°„ 지역은 ν™•λŒ€λœ λͺ¨μŠ΅μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:18
All of a sudden, our principles called for green space
160
498076
3157
κ°‘μžκΈ° 방침듀은 μ€‘μš”ν•œ μƒνƒœμ˜ νŠΉμ§•λ“€μ„ 보쑴할 수 μžˆλ„λ‘
08:21
preserving the important ecological features.
161
501257
3690
녹색 지역을 μš”κ΅¬ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:24
And then those other streets in there are auto-free streets.
162
504971
4327
그리고 그곳에 μžˆλŠ” λ‹€λ₯Έ 거리듀은 μžλ™μ°¨κ°€ μ—†λŠ” κ±°λ¦¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:29
So instead of bulldozing, leveling the site
163
509322
3623
λΆˆλ„μ €λ‘œ λ―ΈλŠ” 것보닀 μ§€λŒ€λ₯Ό 높이고
08:32
and building right up to the river,
164
512969
2063
κ°•κ°€ 주변에 건물을 λ§Œλ“€κ³ 
08:35
this green edge was something that really wasn't normative in China
165
515056
4224
이 녹색가μž₯μžλ¦¬λŠ” μ€‘κ΅­μ—μ„œ 정말 κ·œλ²”μ μ΄μ§€ μ•Šμ€ κ³³μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:39
until these set of practices
166
519304
2571
μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ 싀행듀이 κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ μ‹€ν—˜μ μœΌλ‘œ 이루어지기 μ „κΉŒμ§€λŠ” λ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:41
began experimentation there.
167
521899
2554
08:44
The urban fabric, small blocks,
168
524883
1955
λ„μ‹œ ꡬ쑰, μž‘μ€ ꡬ역듀은
08:46
maybe 500 families per block.
169
526862
2616
μ•„λ§ˆλ„ ν•œ ꡬ역 λ§ˆλ‹€ 500 가ꡬλ₯Ό 포함할 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:49
They know each other.
170
529502
1269
그듀은 μ„œλ‘œλ₯Ό μ•Œκ³  μ§€λƒ…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:50
The street perimeter has shops
171
530795
2363
κΈΈκ°€μ˜ λ°˜κ²½μ—λŠ” 상점듀이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:53
so there's local destinations.
172
533182
1922
κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ§€μ—­μ£Όλ―Όλ“€μ˜ λͺ©μ μ§€κ°€ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:55
And the streets themselves become smaller,
173
535128
2355
그리고 κΈΈκ±°λ¦¬λŠ” 점점 μž‘μ•„μ§‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:57
because there are more of them.
174
537507
1530
더 λ§Žμ€ 길거리가 있기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ£ .
08:59
Very simple,
175
539061
1551
맀우 λ‹¨μˆœν•˜κ³ 
09:00
straightforward urban design.
176
540636
2555
κ°„λ‹¨ν•œ λ„μ‹œ λ””μžμΈμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:03
Now, here you have something I dearly love.
177
543215
3210
μ§€κΈˆ, μ œκ°€ 정말 μ’‹μ•„ν•˜λŠ” 것을 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ 가지고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:06
Think of the logic.
178
546449
1274
λ…Όλ¦¬μ μœΌλ‘œ μƒκ°ν•΄λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
09:08
If only a third of the people have cars,
179
548172
2147
였직 인ꡬ의 3λΆ„μ˜ 1만 μ°¨λ₯Ό 가지고 μžˆλ‹€λ©΄
09:10
why do we give 100 percent of our streets to cars?
180
550343
3764
μ™œ κΈΈ μ „λΆ€λ₯Ό μ°¨μ—κ²Œ μ€˜μ•Ό ν• κΉŒμš”?
09:14
What if we gave 70 percent of the streets
181
554748
3179
λ§Œμ•½μ— 70%의 길을
09:17
to car-free, to everybody else,
182
557951
2175
μ°¨κ°€ μ•„λ‹Œ λͺ¨λ“  μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ—κ²Œ μ€€λ‹€λ©΄
09:20
so that the transit could move well for them,
183
560150
2245
κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μš΄μ†‘μˆ˜λ‹¨μ΄ 그듀을 μœ„ν•΄μ„œ μ›ν™œν•˜κ²Œ μ›€μ§μ΄κ²Œ ν•œλ‹€λ©΄
09:22
so that they could walk, so they could bike?
184
562419
2325
걸어닀닐 수 있게 ν•œλ‹€λ©΄, μžμ „κ±°λ₯Ό νƒˆ 수 있게 ν•œλ‹€λ©΄ μ–΄λ–¨κΉŒμš”?
09:24
Why not have --
185
564768
1398
μ–΄λ–¨κΉŒμš”?
09:26
(Applause)
186
566190
1453
(λ°•μˆ˜)
09:27
geographic equity
187
567667
2153
μˆœν™˜ μ²΄κ³„μ—μ„œ 지리학적 평등성
09:29
in our circulation system?
188
569844
2371
09:32
And quite frankly, cities would function better.
189
572518
3393
μ†”μ§νžˆ κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ λœλ‹€λ©΄, λ„μ‹œλŠ” 더 λ‚˜μ€ κΈ°λŠ₯을 ν•  κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:36
No matter what they do,
190
576300
1290
무엇을 ν•˜λ“ μ§€ 간에
09:37
no matter how many ring roads they build in Beijing,
191
577614
2430
μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ λ§Žμ€ λ„μ‹œ μ™Έκ³½ μˆœν™˜ λ„λ‘œλ₯Ό 베이징에 λ§Œλ“€λ“ μ§€ 간에
09:40
they just can't overcome complete gridlock.
192
580068
2928
μ™„μ „ν•œ κ΅μ°©μƒνƒœλ₯Ό 극볡할 μˆ˜λŠ” μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:43
So this is an auto-free street, mixed use along the edge.
193
583020
3688
이것은 μžλ™μ°¨κ°€ μ—†λŠ” 거리이고 κΈΈκ°€λ₯Ό 따라 μ—¬λŸ¬ μš©λ„λ‘œ μ‚¬μš©λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:47
It has transit running down the middle.
194
587486
1859
μ€‘μ‹¬κ°€κΉŒμ§€ κ°€λŠ” μš΄μ†‘μˆ˜λ‹¨μ΄ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:49
I'm happy to make that transit autonomous vehicles,
195
589369
3104
μ €λŠ” μžμœ¨μ£Όν–‰ μš΄μ†‘μˆ˜λ‹¨μ„ λ§Œλ“œλŠ” 것에 μ°¬μ„±ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:52
but maybe I'll have a chance to talk about that later.
196
592497
2910
λ‚˜μ€‘μ— 이것에 λŒ€ν•΄μ„œ 이야기 ν•  κΈ°νšŒκ°€ μžˆμ„ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:55
So there are seven principles that have now been adopted
197
595431
3723
ν˜„μž¬ 쀑ꡭ μ •λΆ€μ˜ κ³ μœ„ 간뢀듀에 μ˜ν•΄ μ±„νƒλœ 7개의 μ£Όμš” 정책듀이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:59
by the highest levels in the Chinese government,
198
599178
2700
10:01
and they're moving to implement them.
199
601902
1795
그리고 그것듀을 μ΄ν–‰ν•˜κ³ μž ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:03
And they're simple,
200
603721
1162
그것듀은 κ°„λ‹¨ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:04
and they are globally, I think, universal principles.
201
604907
2613
제 생각에, 그것듀은 μ„Έκ³„μ μœΌλ‘œ 보편적인 μ •μ±…λ“€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:07
One is to preserve the natural environment, the history
202
607544
3653
첫 λ²ˆμ§ΈλŠ” μžμ—°ν™˜κ²½κ³Ό 역사
10:11
and the critical agriculture.
203
611221
1967
μ£Όμš” 농업을 λ³΄μ‘΄ν•˜μžλŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
10:14
Second is mix.
204
614126
1323
두 λ²ˆμ§ΈλŠ” ν˜Όν•©μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:15
Mixed use is popular, but when I say mixed,
205
615473
2517
ν˜Όν•© μš©λ„λŠ” 인기가 λ§Žμ§€λ§Œ, μ œκ°€ λ§ν•˜κ³ μž ν•˜λŠ” 것은
10:18
I mean mixed incomes, mixed age groups
206
618014
2439
μ„žμΈ μ†Œλ“ 계측과 λ‚˜μ΄ 계측을 μ˜λ―Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
10:20
as well as mixed-land use.
207
620477
2492
ν˜Όν•©λœ μš©μ§€μ˜ μ‚¬μš©λ„ λ§ˆμ°¬κ°€μ§€μ΄κ³ μš”.
10:24
Walk.
208
624010
1154
도보
10:25
There's no great city that you don't enjoy walking in.
209
625188
3020
도보λ₯Ό 즐길 수 μ—†λŠ” 쒋은 λ„μ‹œλŠ” μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:28
You don't go there.
210
628232
1318
μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ 그곳에 가지 μ•Šμ•„μš”.
10:29
The places you go on vacation are places you can walk.
211
629574
2552
μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ νœ΄κ°€μ§€λ‘œ κ°€λŠ” 곳은 도보가 κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ κ³³μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:32
Why not make it everywhere?
212
632150
1762
λͺ¨λ“  μž₯μ†Œλ₯Ό 도보λ₯Ό κ°€λŠ₯ν•˜λ„λ‘ λ§Œλ“œλŠ” 게 μ–΄λ–¨κΉŒμš”?
10:34
Bike is the most efficient means of transportation we know.
213
634381
3572
μžμ „κ±°λŠ” 저희가 μ•Œκ³  μžˆλŠ” κ°€μž₯ 효율적인 μš΄μ†‘μˆ˜λ‹¨μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:38
China has now adopted policies that put six meters of bike lane
214
638326
3748
쀑ꡭ은 λͺ¨λ“  길에 6m의 μžμ „κ±°λ‘œλ₯Ό μ„€μΉ˜ν•˜λŠ”
10:42
on every street.
215
642098
1329
정책듀을 μ±„νƒν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:43
They're serious about getting back to their biking history.
216
643451
3942
그듀은 μ§„μ§€ν•˜κ²Œ μžμ „κ±° μ‚¬μš© μ—­μ‚¬λ‘œ λ˜λŒμ•„κ°€μžκ³  μƒκ°ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:47
(Applause)
217
647417
1456
(λ°•μˆ˜)
10:48
Complicated planner-ese here:
218
648897
2303
λ³΅μž‘ν•œ κ³„νšλ“€λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:51
connect.
219
651224
1329
μ—°κ²°
10:52
It's a street network that allows many routes
220
652577
3512
λ§Žμ€ 길을 μ—°κ²°ν•˜λŠ” κΈΈ μ—°κ²°λ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:56
instead of singular routes
221
656113
1811
ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜ 길을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” λŒ€μ‹ μ— λ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:57
and provides many kinds of streets instead of just one.
222
657948
3547
그리고 ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜ κΈΈ λŒ€μ‹ μ— λ§Žμ€ 길듀을 μ œκ³΅ν•˜κ³ μž ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:02
Ride.
223
662572
1344
νƒ€λŠ” 것.
11:03
We have to invest more in transit.
224
663940
2310
μ €ν¬λŠ” μš΄μ†‘μˆ˜λ‹¨μ— 더 λ§Žμ€ 투자λ₯Ό ν•΄μ•Όν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:06
There's no silver bullet.
225
666274
1775
μ–΄λ–€ νŠΉνš¨μ•½μ€ μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:08
Autonomous vehicles are not going to solve this for us.
226
668073
3064
μžμœ¨μ£Όν–‰ μš΄μ†‘μˆ˜λ‹¨μ€ 이 문제λ₯Ό ν•΄κ²°ν•΄ μ£Όμ§€λŠ” λͺ»ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:11
As a matter of fact, they're going to generate more traffic, more VMT,
227
671161
5166
사싀, 그것은 μ–΄λ–€ λŒ€μ±…λ³΄λ‹€ 더 λ§Žμ€ ꡐ톡체증과 이동 μ‹œκ°„ 증가λ₯Ό
11:16
than the alternative.
228
676351
1362
뢈러 올 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:17
And focus.
229
677737
1214
그리고 집쀑
11:18
We have a hierarchy of the city based on transit
230
678975
4156
μ €ν¬λŠ” 였래된 κ³ μ†λ„λ‘œμ˜ μ „κΈ°μžλ³΄λ‹€λŠ”
11:23
rather than the old armature of freeways.
231
683155
3163
μš΄μ†‘μˆ˜λ‹¨μ— λ”°λ₯Έ 계급을 가지고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:26
It's a big paradigm shift,
232
686342
2150
이것은 κ±°λŒ€ν•œ νŒ¨λŸ¬λ‹€μž„μ˜ μ΄λ™μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:29
but those two things have to get reconnected
233
689065
2667
ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ κ·Έ 두 가지듀은 λ„μ‹œμ˜ ꡬ쑰λ₯Ό ν˜•μ„±ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” λ°©λ²•μœΌλ‘œ
11:31
in ways that really shape the structure of the city.
234
691756
4520
μž¬μ—°κ²° λ˜μ–΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:37
So I'm very hopeful.
235
697263
2233
μ €λŠ” 이것에 λŒ€ν•΄ 맀우 κ³ λ¬΄μ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:39
In California, the United States, China -- these changes are well accepted.
236
699520
4773
미ꡭ의 μΊ˜λ¦¬ν¬λ‹ˆμ•„μ™€ μ€‘κ΅­μ—μ„œ μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ λ³€ν™”λ₯Ό 잘 받아듀이고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:44
I'm hopeful for two reasons.
237
704317
2635
두 가지 이유둜 μ €λŠ” ν¬λ§μ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:46
One is, most people get it.
238
706976
2079
첫 λ²ˆμ§ΈλŠ”, λͺ¨λ“  μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ 이것을 μ΄ν•΄ν•œλ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:49
They understand intrinsically
239
709079
1882
그듀은 λ³ΈλŠ₯적으둜 μ΄ν•΄ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:50
what a great city can and should be.
240
710985
2642
μœ„λŒ€ν•œ λ„μ‹œκ°€ ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” 것과 ν•΄μ•Όν•˜λŠ” 것을 μ΄ν•΄ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:53
The second is that the kind of analysis we can bring to bear now
241
713651
4841
두 λ²ˆμ§ΈλŠ” 저희가 λͺ°λ‘ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ” 뢄석이
11:58
allows people to connect the dots,
242
718516
2728
μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ 결둠을 λ„μΆœν•  수 있게 ν•˜κ³ 
12:01
allows people to shape political coalitions
243
721756
2969
μ •μΉ˜μ μΈ 연합을 ν˜•μ„±ν•  수 μžˆλ„λ‘ ν•΄μ€€λ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:04
that didn't exist in the past.
244
724749
1429
κ³Όκ±°μ—λŠ” μ‘΄μž¬ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:06
That allows them to bring into being the kinds of communities we all need.
245
726539
3740
그것은 저희가 ν•„μš”λ‘œ ν•˜λŠ” μ’…λ₯˜μ˜ κ³΅λ™μ²΄λ‘œ λ§Œλ“€κ²Œ ν•΄μ€λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:10
Thank you.
246
730303
1189
κ³ λ§™μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:11
(Applause)
247
731516
6577
(λ°•μˆ˜)
12:19
Chris Anderson: So, OK: autonomous driving, self-driving cars.
248
739838
3437
크리슀 μ•€λ”μŠ¨: μžμœ¨μ£Όν–‰μžλ™μ°¨, μžλ™μ£Όν–‰μ°¨.
12:23
A lot of people here are very excited about them.
249
743299
3345
λ§Žμ€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ 이것에 λŒ€ν•΄ 맀우 ν₯λΆ„ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:27
What are your concerns or issues about them?
250
747263
2959
그것에 λŒ€ν•œ λ‹Ήμ‹ μ˜ κ±±μ •μ΄λ‚˜ μ—Όλ €λŠ” λ¬΄μ—‡μΈκ°€μš”?
12:30
Peter Calthorpe: Well, I think there's almost too much hype here.
251
750246
3142
ν”Όν„°: 제 μƒκ°μ—λŠ” 그것에 λŒ€ν•΄ λ„ˆλ¬΄ λ§Žμ€ κ³Όμž₯을 ν•˜λŠ” 것 κ°™μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:33
First is, everybody says we're going to get rid of a lot of cars.
252
753412
3574
첫째, λͺ¨λ“  μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ 저희가 λ§Žμ€ μžλ™μ°¨λ₯Ό μ—†μ• κ²Œ 될 거라고 λ§ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:37
What they don't say is you're going to get a lot more vehicle miles.
253
757010
3294
그듀이 λ§ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ” 것은 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ 훨씬 λ§Žμ€ λ§ˆμΌμ„ μ΄λ™ν•˜κ²Œ λœλ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:40
You're going to get a lot more cars moving on streets.
254
760328
2547
κ±°λ¦¬μ—λŠ” 훨씬 λ§Žμ€ 차듀이 μ£Όν–‰ν•˜κ²Œ 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:42
There will be more congestion.
255
762899
1869
더 ν˜Όμž‘ν•΄ μ§ˆκ²ƒμ΄κ³ μš”.
12:44
CA: Because they're so appealing --
256
764792
2308
크리슀: μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ λ…μ„œλ₯Ό ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜ μž μ„ μžλŠ” λ™μ•ˆ μš΄μ „ν•  수 있겠죠.
12:47
you can drive while reading or sleeping.
257
767124
2054
λ„ˆλ¬΄ 맀λ ₯적으둜 λ“€λ¦½λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:49
PC: Well, a couple of reasons.
258
769202
1497
ν”Όν„°: 두 가지 μ΄μœ κ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:50
One is, if they're privately owned, people will travel greater distances.
259
770723
3971
첫째, 개인적으둜 μ°¨λ₯Ό μ†Œμœ ν•˜λ©΄, μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ 더 λ¨Ό 거리λ₯Ό μ΄λ™ν• κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:54
It'll be a new lease on life to sprawl.
260
774718
1941
이것은 μŠ€ν”„λ‘€ν˜„μƒμ— λŒ€ν•œ μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 원인을 μ œκ³΅ν•˜λŠ” 것이죠.
12:56
If you can work on your way to work,
261
776683
2015
직μž₯으둜 κ°€λ©΄μ„œ 일할 수 μžˆλ‹€λ©΄
12:58
you can live in more remote locations.
262
778722
2067
훨씬 더 λ¨Ό μœ„μΉ˜μ—μ„œ μ‚΄ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:00
It'll revitalize sprawl
263
780813
2542
이것은 μŠ€ν”„λ‘€ν˜„μƒμ„ μž¬ν™œμ„±ν™” μ‹œν‚¬ 것 μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:03
in a way that I'm deeply frightened.
264
783379
2333
깜짝 λ†€λž„λ§Œν•œ λ°©μ‹μœΌλ‘œ 말이죠.
13:05
Taxis:
265
785736
1854
νƒμ‹œ:
13:07
about 50 percent of the surveys say that people won't share them.
266
787614
3748
μ„€λ¬Έμ‘°μ‚¬μ˜ 50νΌμ„ΌνŠΈλŠ” μ°¨λ₯Ό κ³΅μœ ν•˜κ³  싢지 μ•Šλ‹€κ³  λ§ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:11
If they don't share them,
267
791386
1374
μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ μ°¨λ₯Ό κ³΅μœ ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ”λ‹€λ©΄,
13:12
you can end up with a 90 percent increase in vehicle miles traveled.
268
792784
5197
μžλ™μ°¨μ˜ 이동 거리가 90% μ¦κ°€λ‘œ μ΄μ–΄μ§ˆ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:18
If you share them,
269
798417
1321
μ‚¬λžŒλ“€κ³Ό κ³΅μœ ν•œλ‹€λ©΄
13:19
you're still at around a 30 percent increase in VMT.
270
799762
3530
30% μ •λ„λ‘œ μ¦κ°€ν•˜κ² μ£ .
13:23
CA: Sharing them, meaning having multiple people riding at once
271
803316
3038
크리슀: κ³΅μœ λŠ” μ—¬λŸ¬ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ ν•œκΊΌλ²ˆμ— μ°¨λ₯Ό νƒ„λ‹€λŠ” 것을 λ§ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:26
in some sort of intelligent ride-sharing?
272
806378
1976
μΌμ’…μ˜ 지λŠ₯적인 νƒ‘μŠΉ 곡유?
13:28
PC: Yeah, so the Uber share without a steering wheel.
273
808378
2531
ν”Όν„°: λ„€, μ‘°μ’… μž₯치 μ—†λŠ” (μΉ΄ν’€ μ„œλΉ„μŠ€) μš°λ²„μ‰μ–΄μš”.
13:30
The reality is, the efficiency of vehicles -- you can do it
274
810933
3849
ν˜„μ‹€μƒ, μ°¨λŸ‰μ˜ νš¨μœ¨μ„±μ„ μ„±μ·¨ν•  수 있겠죠.
13:34
with or without a steering wheel, it doesn't matter.
275
814806
2491
μ‘°μ •μž₯μΉ˜κ°€ μžˆλ“  μ—†λ“ , μ€‘μš”ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:37
They claim they're the only ones that are going to be efficient electric,
276
817321
3493
그듀은 효율적인 μ „κΈ°λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” μœ μΌν•œ μ„œλΉ„μŠ€λΌκ³  μ£Όμž₯ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:40
but that's not true.
277
820838
1154
ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 사싀이 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:42
But the real bottom line is that walking, biking and transit
278
822016
3570
μ΅œμ’…μ  결둠은 λ„λ³΄λ‚˜ μžμ „κ±° μ‚¬μš©κ³Ό λŒ€μ€‘κ΅ν†΅μ„ μ΄μš©ν•˜λŠ” 것이
13:45
are the way cities and communities thrive.
279
825610
3164
λ„μ‹œμ™€ 곡동체가 λ²ˆμ„±ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” λ°©λ²•μ΄λΌλŠ” 것이죠.
13:48
And putting people in their private bubbles,
280
828798
2807
그리고 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ„ κ·Έλ“€μ˜ 사적인 곡간에 μ§‘μ–΄λ„£λŠ” 것은
13:51
whether they have a steering wheel or not,
281
831629
2297
μ‘°μ •μž₯치λ₯Ό 가지고 μžˆλ“  μ—†λ“ 
13:53
is the wrong direction.
282
833950
1571
잘λͺ»λœ λ°©ν–₯μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
13:55
And quite frankly,
283
835545
1151
그리고 μ†”μ§νžˆ λ§ν•΄μ„œ
13:56
the image of an AV on its way to McDonald's to pick up a pack
284
836720
5679
자율 μ£Όν–‰μ°¨κ°€ μŒμ‹μ„ κ°€μ§€λŸ¬
λ§₯λ„λ‚ λ“œμ— 주인없이 κ°€λŠ” 것
14:02
without its owner,
285
842423
1684
λ¬΄μž‘μœ„μ μΈ 심뢀름듀에
14:04
just being sent off on these kind of random errands
286
844131
3710
14:07
is really frightening to me.
287
847865
1397
μžμœ¨μ£Όν–‰μ°¨κ°€ λ³΄λ‚΄μ§€λŠ” 것은
λ”μ°ν•œ μΌμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:09
CA: Well, thank you for that, and I have to say, the images you showed
288
849286
3358
크리슀: κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그리고 당신이 보여쀀
14:12
of those mixed-use streets were really inspiring, really beautiful.
289
852668
3176
λ‹€μš©λ„λ‘œ μ‚¬μš©λ˜λŠ” κΈΈκ°€μ˜ μ΄λ―Έμ§€λŠ” ꡉμž₯히 고무적이고 μ•„λ¦„λ‹€μ› μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:15
PC: Thank you. CA: Thank you for your work.
290
855868
2159
ν”Όν„°: κ³ λ§™μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ . 크리슀: μˆ˜κ³ ν•˜μ…¨μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
(λ°•μˆ˜)
14:18
(Applause)
291
858051
1459
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7