What the Discovery of Exoplanets Reveals About the Universe | Jessie Christiansen | TED

44,293 views ใƒป 2023-01-12

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: ์„ฑ์ค€ ์•ˆ ๊ฒ€ํ† : DK Kim
00:04
I am a planet hunter
0
4292
1794
์ €๋Š” ํ–‰์„ฑ ์‚ฌ๋ƒฅ๊พผ์ด๊ณ 
00:06
and keeper of the keys at NASA's Exoplanet Archive.
1
6127
3379
NASA์—์„œ ์šด์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์™ธํ–‰์„ฑ ๊ธฐ๋ก ๋ณด๊ด€์†Œ๋ฅผ ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•˜์ฃ .
00:10
In March 2022, we reached a major milestone in space exploration:
2
10340
5380
2022๋…„ 3์›”,
์ธ๋ฅ˜๋Š” ์šฐ์ฃผ ํƒ์‚ฌ์˜ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ธฐ๋กœ์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:16
5,000 known exoplanets.
3
16596
2086
์ฐพ์€ ์™ธํ–‰์„ฑ์ด 5์ฒœ ๊ฐœ์— ์ด๋ฅด๋ €์ฃ .
00:20
For thousands of years,
4
20141
1293
์ˆ˜์ฒœ ๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ํƒœ์–‘๊ณ„ ๋ฐ–์˜ ํ–‰์„ฑ์„ ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•ดํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:21
we've wondered about planets outside of our solar system,
5
21476
3295
00:24
now called exoplanets.
6
24771
1835
์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์ด๋“ค์„ ์™ธํ–‰์„ฑ์ด๋ผ ๋ถ€๋ฅด์ฃ .
00:26
But our technology only recently caught up with our imaginations.
7
26606
3921
๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ด์ œ๋Š” ๊ณผํ•™ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ƒ์ƒ๋ ฅ์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ์žก์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:30
And yes, 5,000 planets is incredible.
8
30527
3879
๋ฌผ๋ก  ํ–‰์„ฑ 5์ฒœ ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋†€๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค๋งŒ
00:34
What's even more incredible
9
34406
1710
๋”์šฑ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์ ์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ์ฃผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋ฏธ์นœ ์˜ํ–ฅ์ด์ฃ .
00:36
is how space research will change as a result.
10
36116
3044
00:40
When I started grad school,
11
40870
1544
์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€ํ•™์›์— ์ž…ํ•™ํ–ˆ์„ ๋ฌด๋ ต ์•Œ๋ ค์ง„ ์™ธํ–‰์„ฑ์€ ์•ฝ 100๊ฐœ์˜€๋Š”๋ฐ
00:42
there were about 100 known exoplanets,
12
42455
2461
00:44
all radically different from the Earth and from each other.
13
44958
3337
์ง€๊ตฌ์™€ ์•„์ฃผ ๋‹ฌ๋ž๊ณ  ์„œ๋กœ ๊ฐ„์—๋„ ์•„์ฃผ ๋‹ฌ๋ž์ฃ .
00:48
I was determined to find more.
14
48336
1752
์ €๋Š” ์™ธํ–‰์„ฑ์„ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์ฐพ๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:51
I spent four years looking at nearly 87,000 stars, one by one.
15
51006
4713
4๋…„๊ฐ„ ๋ณ„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ 8๋งŒ 7์ฒœ ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋‚˜ํ•˜๋‚˜ ํ™•์ธํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:56
Now you might have this romantic idea
16
56595
1835
๋‚ญ๋งŒ์ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:58
that I was gazing intently through a telescope,
17
58471
2211
์—ด์ •์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ๋ง์›๊ฒฝ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š˜์„ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณด๋ฉฐ
01:00
pondering some gorgeous view of the universe.
18
60974
2502
์šฐ์ฃผ์˜ ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ๊ฒฝ์น˜๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ ์š”.
01:03
I was not.
19
63518
1543
์‹ค์ƒ์€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:05
I was looking at data like this,
20
65103
1960
์ด ๊ทธ๋ฆผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด์„œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ฐ ๋ณ„์˜ ๋ฐ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
01:07
measuring the brightness of each star over time.
21
67063
2503
01:10
If the brightness dipped, just briefly, just a little bit,
22
70358
3837
๋ฐ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์•„์ฃผ ์ž ๊น, ์กฐ๊ธˆ์ด๋ผ๋„ ์–ด๋‘์›Œ์ง„๋‹ค๋ฉด
01:14
it could be because a planet had orbited in front of that star,
23
74195
3838
๋ณ„์˜ ์•ž์ชฝ์„ ์ง€๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ถค๋„์— ํ–‰์„ฑ์ด ์กด์žฌํ•ด์„œ
01:18
blocking some of the light from reaching my telescope.
24
78033
2877
๋ง์›๊ฒฝ์œผ๋กœ ๊ด€์ธกํ•œ ๋ฐ๊ธฐ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์ณค์„ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:20
So I spent four years looking for decimal-level changes in these data.
25
80910
4338
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ 4๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ด ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์—์„œ ์†Œ์ˆ˜์  ์ดํ•˜๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ณ€๋™์„ ํ™•์ธํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:25
And after four years, I'd found ...
26
85290
1877
๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ 4๋…„์ด ์ง€๋‚œ ํ›„ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ฐพ์€ ๊ฒƒ์€...
01:27
nothing.
27
87876
1501
์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:29
Zero exoplanets.
28
89419
1293
์™ธํ–‰์„ฑ์„ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
01:31
Thankfully, they still gave me the PhD, I think, for effort.
29
91838
3128
๋‹คํ–‰ํžˆ๋„ ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ ํ•™์œ„๋Š” ๋ฐ›์•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ณ ์ƒํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ค€ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:35
(Laughter)
30
95008
2336
(์›ƒ์Œ)
01:37
Then I moved to Harvard, where I worked on my first NASA mission, called EPOXI.
31
97385
4129
์ดํ›„ ํ•˜๋ฒ„๋“œ ๋Œ€ํ•™์œผ๋กœ ์˜ฎ๊ฒจ์„œ
NASA์˜ EPOXI๋ผ๋Š” ์ฒซ ์ž„๋ฌด๋ฅผ ๋งก์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:42
I still didn't find any exoplanets.
32
102307
1835
์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์™ธํ–‰์„ฑ์€ ์ฐพ์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ 2010๋…„ 3์›”์—๋Š” ์ผ€ํ”Œ๋Ÿฌ ์ž„๋ฌด์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
01:45
Then in March 2010, I joined the Kepler Mission,
33
105060
3086
01:48
NASA's grand experiment
34
108146
1502
ํ–‰์„ฑ ํƒ์‚ฌ ์žฅ๋น„ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์šฐ์ฃผ์— ๋„์šฐ๋Š” ๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:49
with putting one of our planet-hunting instruments into space.
35
109648
2919
01:53
Monday was my first day on the base in Silicon Valley.
36
113443
3629
์‹ค๋ฆฌ์ฝ˜ ๋ฐธ๋ฆฌ ๊ธฐ์ง€์—์„œ ๋ณด๋‚ธ ์ฒซ๋‚ ์€ ์›”์š”์ผ์ด์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
01:57
It was mostly spent in HR.
37
117072
1626
๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์‹ ๊ทœ ์ง์› ์•ˆ๋‚ด์˜€์ฃ .
01:59
Tuesday, I sat down and looked at the data for the first time,
38
119407
3796
ํ™”์š”์ผ์— ์ž๋ฆฌ์— ์•‰์•„ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ฒ˜์Œ ๋ดค๋Š”๋ฐ
02:03
and I found my first exoplanet.
39
123203
1710
์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ฒ˜์Œ์œผ๋กœ ์™ธํ–‰์„ฑ์„ ์ฐพ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:05
(Cheers)
40
125455
1251
(ํ™˜ํ˜ธ)
02:06
(Applause)
41
126748
3253
(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
02:10
A few minutes later, I found another one.
42
130085
2085
๋ช‡ ๋ถ„ ์ง€๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋” ์ฐพ์•˜์ฃ .
02:14
There's a saying that we're the generation that was born too late to explore Earth
43
134047
5714
์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ง์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์„ธ๋Œ€๋Š” ์ง€๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋Šฆ์—ˆ๊ณ 
02:19
and too soon to explore space.
44
139803
2460
์šฐ์ฃผ๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ด๋ฅด๋‹ค๊ณ ์š”.
02:22
That's not true anymore.
45
142514
2169
์ด์ œ๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋€Œ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:24
That day and every day since, I've gotten to explore space.
46
144724
3963
๊ทธ๋‚  ์ดํ›„๋กœ ์šฐ์ฃผ ํƒ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฐœ์ „ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:29
Kepler made it possible for us
47
149437
1669
์ผ€ํ”Œ๋Ÿฌ ๋ง์›๊ฒฝ ๋•๋ถ„์—
02:31
to measure stellar brightness much more precisely
48
151106
2836
๋ณ„์˜ ๋ฐ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ์ธก์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
02:33
than we had before.
49
153942
1293
02:35
And eventually I helped find thousands of exoplanets.
50
155235
3503
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์ˆ˜์ฒœ ๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ๋„˜๋Š” ์™ธํ–‰์„ฑ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ์— ์ผ์กฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:38
And we've really only searched our local corner of the galaxy
51
158738
2962
๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์€ํ•˜์˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ชฝ ๊ตฌ์„๋งŒ ๋’ค์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:41
to find those planets.
52
161700
1501
02:43
That means there's likely tens of billions of planets just in our Milky Way.
53
163201
4338
๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์€ํ•˜์—๋งŒ ํ•ด๋„ ํ–‰์„ฑ์ด ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ์–ต ๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
02:48
Now with so much data,
54
168665
2002
์ด์ œ ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ
02:50
we can start sorting and grouping and categorizing these planets
55
170709
3294
์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ–‰์„ฑ๋“ค์„ ๊ตฌ๋ณ„, ๊ตฌ๋ถ„, ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„ฑ์„ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:54
to find trends.
56
174045
1794
02:55
Think of it this way:
57
175880
1627
์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
02:57
if you wanted to learn about dogs and you had five dogs in your study,
58
177549
4004
์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•  ๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์„ฏ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
03:01
well, you'd learn a lot about those five dogs.
59
181594
2628
๊ฐœ๋งˆ๋‹ค ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‹ค ์ฐฉํ•œ ๊ฐœ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒ ์ฃ .
03:04
That they're all good dogs.
60
184264
1626
03:05
But maybe not about dogs in general.
61
185932
2211
๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๊ฐœ๋“ค์ด ๋‹ค ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ฃ .
03:08
If you had 5,000 dogs in your study,
62
188184
2836
์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•  ๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ 5์ฒœ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ๋ผ๋ฉด
์ €๋จผ ์…ฐํผ๋“œ, ๋„๋ฒ ๋ฅด๋งŒ, ๋น„๊ธ€ ๋“ฑ์ด ์žˆ๊ณ 
03:11
then youโ€™d start to see that there were German Shepherds and Dobermanns
63
191062
4421
03:15
and beagles,
64
195483
1293
03:16
and that these different breeds have different features.
65
196776
2836
๊ฒฌ์ข…๋งˆ๋‹ค ํŠน์„ฑ์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅด๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•Œ๊ฒ ์ฃ .
03:19
With demographic-level data on exoplanets,
66
199612
2336
์™ธํ–‰์„ฑ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ธ๊ตฌํ†ต๊ณ„ํ•™์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด๋ฉด
03:21
we can start asking some of these big questions for the first time,
67
201948
3921
๋จธ๋ฆฌ์— ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์˜๋ฌธ์ด ๋– ์˜ค๋ฅด๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:25
like: Of those thousands and billions of planets in our galaxy,
68
205869
4045
์šฐ๋ฆฌ์€ํ•˜์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ˆ˜์ฒœ, ์ˆ˜์‹ญ์–ต ๊ฐœ์˜ ํ–‰์„ฑ ์ค‘์—์„œ
03:29
how many are like the Earth, or like Jupiter?
69
209956
3128
์ง€๊ตฌ๋‚˜ ๋ชฉ์„ฑ ๊ฐ™์€ ํ–‰์„ฑ์€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋ ๊นŒ?
03:33
How many planets does a typical star have?
70
213793
2378
์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋ณ„์—๋Š” ํ–‰์„ฑ์ด ๋ช‡ ๊ฐœ๋‚˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ?
03:36
Can a planet orbit more than one star?
71
216921
2336
๋‹ค์ค‘์„ฑ์—๋„ ํ–‰์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
03:39
Yes.
72
219299
1251
๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:40
Can a planet exist without any star at all?
73
220592
2460
ํ•ญ์„ฑ์ด ์ „ํ˜€ ์—†๋Š” ํ–‰์„ฑ๋„ ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
03:43
Also yes.
74
223094
1043
์—ญ์‹œ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:44
One surprising result from the study of planet populations
75
224888
3879
ํ–‰์„ฑ์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•œ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์  ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š”
03:48
is that the most common kind of planet in our galaxy
76
228808
3087
์šฐ๋ฆฌ์€ํ•˜์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํ”ํ•œ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ํ–‰์„ฑ์ด
03:51
might be one we donโ€™t have in our solar system:
77
231936
2920
ํƒœ์–‘๊ณ„์—๋Š” ์—†์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:54
a super-Earth up to twice as big and ten times as heavy as our Earth.
78
234856
5756
์ง€๊ตฌ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‘ ๋ฐฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ํฌ๊ณ  ์—ด ๋ฐฐ ๋ฌด๊ฑฐ์šด ์Šˆํผ ์ง€๊ตฌ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:00
We've found evaporating planets, disintegrating planets,
79
240612
3795
์ฆ๋ฐœํ•˜๋Š” ํ–‰์„ฑ๊ณผ ํ•ด์ฒด๋˜๋Š” ํ–‰์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ๊ณ 
04:04
planets clustered together in a clockwork dance,
80
244407
2878
์‹œ๊ณ„์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ •๊ตํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ชจ์—ฌ์„œ ์›€์ง์ด๋Š” ํ–‰์„ฑ๋“ค๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ 
04:07
ultra-puffy planets, ultra-dense planets.
81
247285
3378
์—„์ฒญ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ๋ถ€ํ‘ผ ํ–‰์„ฑ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ฐ€๋„๊ฐ€ ์•„์ฃผ ๋†’์€ ํ–‰์„ฑ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:10
It's truly a wild and wonderful menagerie
82
250705
2503
์ด ์•ผ์ƒ์˜ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ๋™๋ฌผ์›์€
04:13
that I get to corral at the NASA Exoplanet Archive.
83
253416
2544
์ œ๊ฐ€ NASA ์™ธํ–‰์„ฑ ๊ธฐ๋ก๋ณด๊ด€์†Œ์—์„œ ์ผํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋ชจ์•„๋†“์€ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:16
But it gets even more interesting than that.
84
256878
2586
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์ ์€ ์ด๋ฟ๋งŒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:19
With so much data, we might finally be able
85
259506
2627
์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด ํ–‰์„ฑ์˜ ํƒ„์ƒ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ๋ฐํ˜€๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:22
to figure out how planets are made.
86
262175
2252
04:25
We see baby stars being born in stellar nurseries
87
265553
3796
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์•„๊ธฐ ๋ณ„๋“ค์ด
๋จผ์ง€์™€ ๊ฐ€์Šค๋กœ ๋’ค๋ฎ์ธ ์š”๋žŒ ์˜์—ญ์—์„œ ํƒœ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ดค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:29
surrounded by dust and gas.
88
269390
2086
04:31
And we see all the stars surrounded by completed planetary systems.
89
271518
3920
์™„์„ฑ๋œ ํ–‰์„ฑ๊ณ„์— ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์‹ธ์ธ ๋ณ„๋“ค๋„ ๋ดค์ฃ .
04:35
But we still don't really know what happens in between.
90
275438
3087
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ–‰์„ฑ๊ณ„์˜ ์„ฑ์žฅ ๊ณผ์ •์ด ์–ด๋–ค์ง€๋Š” ์•„์ง ์ž˜ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:38
With more data, we might find planets
91
278525
1835
๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ๋ชจ์œผ๋ฉด
์„ฑ์žฅ์˜ ์ค‘๊ฐ„ ๋‹จ๊ณ„, ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋“ค์„ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:40
at some middle stage or many middle stages.
92
280360
2794
04:43
And from there, be able to map out a timeline of planetary development.
93
283154
4588
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ํ–‰์„ฑ ์„ฑ์žฅ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ์•Œ์•„๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
04:47
What triggers these diffused clouds of dust and gas to collapse and transform?
94
287742
5255
๋„“๊ฒŒ ํผ์ง„ ๋จผ์ง€์™€ ๊ฐ€์Šค ๊ตฌ๋ฆ„์„ ๋ชจ์•„์„œ ํ–‰์„ฑ์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ์š”์ธ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
ํ˜ผ๋ˆ ์ƒํƒœ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋จผ์ง€๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ž‘์€ ๋Œ๋ฉ์ด๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ณ 
04:53
And how does the chaos and turmoil of dust become pebbles,
95
293039
4296
04:57
and pebbles become boulders, and boulders become planetesimals?
96
297377
3545
๋Œ๋ฉ์ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”์œ„๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ณ  ๋ฐ”์œ„๊ฐ€ ์†Œํ–‰์„ฑ์ด ๋ ๊นŒ์š”?
05:00
And from there,
97
300964
1293
๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ๋งน๋ ฌํ•œ ํญ๊ฒฉ์„ ๊ฑฐ์ณ
05:02
after an intense series of bombardments
98
302298
2461
05:04
eventually settle into an ordered series of planets.
99
304801
3211
๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด ์งˆ์„œ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ–‰์„ฑ๋“ค์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:08
How often is one of those planets solid and warm,
100
308763
3837
๊ทธ์ค‘์—์„œ ์œก์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋”ฐ๋œปํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ๋„
05:12
with a water ocean lapping a sandy shore?
101
312642
2586
๋ชจ๋ž˜์‚ฌ์žฅ์— ๋ฐ”๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์ฒ ์ฉ๋Œ€๋Š” ํ–‰์„ฑ์€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์ด ์ƒ๊ธธ๊นŒ์š”?
05:16
Where do we come from, and how did we get here?
102
316187
2670
์ธ๋ฅ˜์˜ ๊ธฐ์›์€ ์–ด๋””์ด๋ฉฐ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ์™”์„๊นŒ์š”?
05:20
The more we learn about exoplanets,
103
320608
1835
์™ธํ–‰์„ฑ์„ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ• ์ˆ˜๋ก
05:22
the easier it is to target the ones we want.
104
322443
2711
์›ํ•˜๋Š” ํ•ด๋‹ต์„ ๋” ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:25
So far, we haven't found any planets that are like the Earth.
105
325154
3713
์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€๋Š” ์ง€๊ตฌ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ํ–‰์„ฑ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:28
But I hope we will.
106
328867
1876
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ ๋ฏฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:30
NASA just spent the last few years
107
330743
1752
NASA๋Š” ์ง€๋‚œ ์ˆ˜๋…„๊ฐ„
05:32
studying the idea of a very large telescope in space
108
332495
3587
์šฐ์ฃผ์— ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ ๋ง์›๊ฒฝ์„ ๋„์šฐ๋Š” ์ฐจ์„ธ๋Œ€ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ–ˆ๊ณ 
05:36
with next-generation technology that would allow us to take an image,
109
336124
4171
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง€๊ตฌ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ํ–‰์„ฑ์˜ ์ง„์งœ ์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:40
an actual photograph, of a planet like the Earth.
110
340336
3003
05:44
With that photo, we could search for biomarkers, signatures of life.
111
344132
4880
ํฌ์ฐฉํ•œ ์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ƒ๋ช…์˜ ์กด์žฌ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ €๋Š” ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋กœ ์—ฌ์ƒ์„ ๋ณด๋‚ผ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:49
I'll probably spend the rest of my career working on that mission.
112
349053
3462
05:52
I hope I get to take that photo.
113
352557
2127
๊ทธ ์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ์ฐ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:54
Thank you.
114
354726
1251
๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
05:56
(Applause)
115
356019
1626
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7