How to support witnesses of harassment and build healthier workplaces | Julia Shaw

58,897 views

2020-06-30 ใƒป TED


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How to support witnesses of harassment and build healthier workplaces | Julia Shaw

58,897 views ใƒป 2020-06-30

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Transcriber: Ivana Korom Reviewer: Krystian Aparta
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๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Elaine Minae Park ๊ฒ€ํ† : YoonJu Mangione
์ „ ์ค„๋ฆฌ์•„ ์‡ผ ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:13
I'm Dr. Julia Shaw,
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00:14
a research associate at University College London,
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์œ ๋‹ˆ๋ฒ„์‹œํ‹ฐ ์นผ๋ฆฌ์ง€ ๋Ÿฐ๋˜์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์›์ด์ž
00:17
and the cofounder of Spot.
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Spot์˜ ๊ณต๋™ ์„ค๋ฆฝ์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:18
Spot is a tool that helps organizations tackle harassment and discrimination
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Spot์€ ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ๊ต์œก๊ณผ ์‹ ๊ณ  ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ํ†ตํ•ด
00:23
with better reporting options and better training.
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์กฐ์ง ๋‚ด ๊ดด๋กญํž˜๊ณผ ์ฐจ๋ณ„ ๋ฌธ์ œ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์„ ๋•๋Š” ๋„๊ตฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:26
And in 2019,
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2019๋…„,
00:28
along with Dr. Camilla Elphick and Dr. Rashid Minhas,
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์ €ํฌ๋Š” ์นด๋ฐ€๋ผ ์—˜ํ”ฝ ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ์™€ ๋ผ์‹œ๋“œ ๋ฏผํ•˜์Šค ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ,
00:31
and a number of international NGOs and charities,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์ˆ˜์˜ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋น„์˜๋ฆฌ๋‹จ์ฒด ๋ฐ ์ž์„ ๋‹จ์ฒด์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜
00:35
we conducted one of the largest studies ever
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์ง์žฅ ๋‚ด ๊ดด๋กญํž˜๊ณผ ์ฐจ๋ณ„์„ ๋ชฉ๊ฒฉํ•œ ์ง์›์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
00:37
on witnesses of harassment and discrimination at work.
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์—ญ๋Œ€ ์ตœ๋Œ€ ๊ทœ๋ชจ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์‹œํ–‰ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:42
Why witnesses?
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์™œ ๋ชฉ๊ฒฉ์ž๋ƒ๊ณ ์š”?
00:44
The first time that I was victimized
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ฒ˜์Œ์œผ๋กœ ์ง์žฅ ๋‚ด์—์„œ
00:46
and became the target of inappropriate workplace behavior,
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๋ถ€์ ์ ˆํ•œ ํ–‰์œ„์˜ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ด ๋˜๊ณ  ํฌ์ƒ์–‘์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ
00:49
I hadn't even left university.
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์ €๋Š” ์•„์ง ์กธ์—…๋„ ์•ˆ ํ•œ ๋Œ€ํ•™์ƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:52
A couple of academics who were far more senior than me
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์ €๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ์„ ๋ฐฐ์ธ ํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด
00:55
repeatedly and relentlessly targeted me.
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์ €๋ฅผ ๋ˆ์งˆ๊ธฐ๊ฒŒ ํ‘œ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ผ์•˜๊ณ 
00:57
And every time something happened,
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์ „ ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ƒ๊ธธ ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค
00:59
I wished that someone would speak up.
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด์ฃผ๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:02
That they would tell me that I'm not overreacting,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ณผ๋ฏผ๋ฐ˜์‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ณ 
01:04
that I'm sane,
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์ œ ์ •์‹ ์ด ์˜จ์ „ํ•˜๋ฉฐ
01:05
that there's something that we could do.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ์ด ์žˆ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ ์š”.
01:08
But instead,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ ๋Œ€์‹ 
01:09
I found myself with reporting paralysis.
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์‹ ๊ณ  ๋งˆ๋น„์ž๊ฐ€ ๋œ ์ € ์ž์‹ ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์ฃ .
01:12
I didn't speak up
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์ €๋Š” ๋‚˜์„œ์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๊ณ 
01:14
and neither did most other people.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋„ ๊ทธ๋žฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:16
Why didn't I just speak up?
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์™œ ๋‚˜์„œ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
01:18
Well, I was worried about the consequences for my career,
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๊ทธ๊ฑฐ์•ผ ์ œ ๊ฒฝ๋ ฅ์— ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ธฐ์ง„ ์•Š์„๊นŒ ๊ฑฑ์ •๋์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
01:21
because I loved my work.
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์ œ ์ผ์„ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ–ˆ๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
01:23
I was also worried about things that many people see as barriers,
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๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์žฅ์• ๋ฌผ์ด๋ผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ๊ฑฑ์ •์ด ๋์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:26
like not being believed or taken seriously,
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์ €๋ฅผ ๋ฏฟ์–ด์ฃผ์ง€ ์•Š๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ด์ง€ ์•Š์•„
01:29
like my situation resulting in no change.
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๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ๋‚˜์•„์งˆ๋ฆฌ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„์š”.
01:33
Luckily, over the past couple of years,
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๋‹คํ–‰ํžˆ๋„ ์ง€๋‚œ ๋ช‡ ๋…„๊ฐ„
01:35
we've seen that reporting paralysis is affecting fewer people
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์‹ ๊ณ ๊ธฐํ”ผ ์ถ”์„ธ๊ฐ€ ์•ฝํ•ด์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
01:39
and some people are able to now have voices
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๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด์ง€ ์•Š๋˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
01:42
who before were voiceless.
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๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋Š” ๋ชจ์Šต์ด ๋ณด์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:44
When we first started Spot,
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Spot์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
01:45
we allowed people to submit statements
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์ €ํฌ๋Š” ๊ดด๋กญํž˜์ด๋‚˜ ์ฐจ๋ณ„์— ๊ด€ํ•œ
01:47
about experiencing harassment or discrimination
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๊ฒฝํ—˜๋‹ด์„ talkspot.com์—
01:50
to talktospot.com.
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์ œ์ถœํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ฒฝํ—˜๋‹ด์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณธ ์ €ํฌ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๋“ค์€
01:52
And as researchers, we looked at these stories,
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01:54
and we were shocked when we found
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ํ”ผํ•ด์ž ์ค‘ 93%๊ฐ€
01:56
that 93 percent of victims reported that there was at least one witness.
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ํ•œ ๋ช… ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๋ชฉ๊ฒฉ์ž๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณด๊ณ ํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์— ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:03
These things aren't happening behind closed doors.
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์•„๋ฌด๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋Š” ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ์ผ๋“ค์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:06
Further research has since come out
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๊ดด๋กญํž˜๊ณผ ์ฐจ๋ณ„์—๋Š”
02:08
which has further repeated this idea
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๋ชฉ๊ฒฉ์ž๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„
02:10
that most harassment and discrimination is witnessed.
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๋” ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋„ ๋‚˜์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:13
And so how do we mobilize these witnesses?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ด ๋ชฉ๊ฒฉ์ž๋“ค์ด ํ–‰๋™ํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
02:17
First, let's talk about the psychology of being a witness.
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๋จผ์ € ์ฆ์ธ์˜ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด๋ณด์ฃ .
02:21
In 2018, two women were at a Starbucks
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2018๋…„, ๋‘ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด ์Šคํƒ€๋ฒ…์Šค์— ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:24
when they watched a barista deny access to a washroom
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๋‘ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์€ ๋ฐ”๋ฆฌ์Šคํƒ€๊ฐ€ ๋‘ ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด๊ณ„ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์—๊ฒŒ
02:27
to two African American men.
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ํ™”์žฅ์‹ค์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜๊ณ 
02:29
Instead, the barista called the police.
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๋Œ€์‹  ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์„ ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ชฉ๊ฒฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:32
The two active bystanders took a video of the men in handcuffs
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๋‘ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์€ ๊ฐ€๋งŒํžˆ ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์ˆ˜๊ฐ‘์„ ์ฐฌ ๋‘ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์„ ์˜์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ฐ์–ด
02:36
and posted it online.
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์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์— ์˜ฌ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:38
This active bystanding had an almost immediate positive effect.
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์ด ์ ๊ทน์ ์ธ ํ–‰๋™์€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ฆ‰๊ฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:42
Starbucks closed a number of its doors and implemented bias training.
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์Šคํƒ€๋ฒ…์Šค๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ง€์ ์˜ ๋ฌธ์„ ๋‹ซ๊ณ  ํŽธ๊ฒฌ ๊ด€๋ จ ๊ต์œก์„ ์‹œํ–‰ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
02:48
Most of us think that we would be these active bystanders.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์ž์‹ ์ด ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ ๊ทน์  ์ฆ์ธ์ด๋ผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:51
That we would be these kinds of heroes.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์˜์›…์ด ๋  ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ ์š”.
02:54
In fact, in research on this,
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์‚ฌ์‹ค, ๊ด€๋ จ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ
02:56
when researchers give people hypothetical scenarios
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์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€์ƒ ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ฃผ๊ณ 
02:59
and ask if they would intervene,
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๊ฐœ์ž…ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€ ๋ฌผ์œผ๋ฉด
03:00
most of us say, "Yes, of course, of course I would stand up."
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ "๋ฌผ๋ก ์ด์ฃ . ๋‹น์—ฐํžˆ ๋‚˜์„œ์•ผ์ฃ " ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:04
But even when those same researchers
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฐ™์€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๋“ค์ด
03:07
present an actual physical situation where someone needs to actually intervene,
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐœ์ž…ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์  ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•  ๋•
03:11
most people do nothing.
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ํ–‰๋™ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:13
And they fall prey to the well-known bystander effect.
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์ž˜ ์•Œ๋ ค์กŒ๋“ฏ ๋ฐฉ๊ด€์ž ํšจ๊ณผ์˜ ํฌ์ƒ์–‘์ด ๋˜๊ณ  ๋ง™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:17
Why?
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์™œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿด๊นŒ์š”?
03:18
And what are the barriers that people are facing?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง๋ฉดํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์žฅ์• ๋ฌผ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
03:22
In our research,
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์ €ํฌ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด
03:23
three quarters of people who we had interviewed
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์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ์ธํ„ฐ๋ทฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์ €ํฌ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•œ
03:26
and who we had participate in our study --
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03:28
which was over 1,000 participants --
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์ฐธ๊ฐ€์ž ์ค‘ 4๋ถ„์˜ 3, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์ฒœ ๋ช…์ด ๋„˜๋Š” ์ฐธ๊ฐ€์ž๊ฐ€
03:31
three quarters of them said
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03:32
that they never reported the incident to HR,
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์ธ์‚ฌ๋ถ€์— ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์„ ์‹ ๊ณ ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ
03:35
they never reported the incident
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์‚ฌ๊ฑด์„ ๋ณด๊ณ ํ•œ ์ ์ด ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ๋„ ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:36
to someone who could do something about it.
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03:39
And the barriers that they cited?
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์žฅ์• ๋ฌผ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•œ ๊ฑด ๋ญ˜๊นŒ์š”?
03:41
The number one barrier was actually the exact same
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์žฅ์• ๋ฌผ์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ
ํ”ผํ•ด์ž๋“ค์ด ์ฃผ๋œ ์žฅ์• ๋ฌผ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ณด๊ณ ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:43
as the main barrier that victims report,
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03:46
which is the fear of consequences or retaliation.
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๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋‚˜ ๋ณด๋ณต์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‘๋ ค์›€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:50
Even witnesses are worried about what might happen
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๋ชฉ๊ฒฉ์ž์กฐ์ฐจ ๋ณธ์ธ๊ณผ ๋ณธ์ธ์˜ ๊ฒฝ๋ ฅ์ด
03:52
to them and their careers.
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ ์ง€ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:55
Other reasons that people reported
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ด์œ ๋กœ ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์€
03:57
was not wanting to interfere or not wanting to be a snitch,
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๊ฐ„์„ญํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์•„์„œ, ๋ฐ€๊ณ ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์•„์„œ,
04:01
not knowing they could report, or not knowing how.
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์‹ ๊ณ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ชฐ๋ผ์„œ, ์‹ ๊ณ  ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ชฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋“ฑ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:04
All of these things can be targeted
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ๊ต์œก๊ณผ
04:07
with better education and better systems in workplaces.
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๋” ๋‚˜์€ ์ง์žฅ ๋‚ด ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:11
But the story of the witness isn't complete
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ชฉ๊ฒฉ์ž์—๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋–ค ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ผ์น˜๋Š”์ง€ ์–˜๊ธฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ ์„œ๋Š”
04:13
without also talking about the consequences
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04:15
for the witnesses themselves.
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๋ชฉ๊ฒฉ์ž์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋…ผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:17
If you were to see someone who just witnessed a crime
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์—์„œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„๋ฅผ ๋ชฉ๊ฒฉํ•œ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด
04:20
being committed on the street,
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04:22
you would almost certainly go up to that witness
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๋ถ„๋ช… ๋‹ค๊ฐ€๊ฐ€์„œ ๊ทธ ๋ชฉ๊ฒฉ์ž์—๊ฒŒ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ง์”€ํ•˜์‹ค ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:24
and say, "Are you OK?
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"๊ดœ์ฐฎ์œผ์„ธ์š”?
04:26
Do you need some support?"
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๋„์™€๋“œ๋ฆด๊นŒ์š”?"
04:27
You might even offer them counseling or therapy
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๋ชฉ๊ฒฉํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จํ•ด ์นด์šด์…€๋ง์ด๋‚˜ ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๊ถŒํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ฃ .
04:29
to process what they just saw.
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04:32
But witnesses at work are largely invisible.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ง์žฅ ๋‚ด ๋ชฉ๊ฒฉ์ž๋Š” ๋Œ€์ฒด๋กœ ๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:35
And of course, so is support for them.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋„์›€๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ฃ .
04:38
And some of this invisibility might even be internalized.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ๋‚ด๋ฉดํ™”๋  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:42
When we asked our participants about reporting,
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์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฐธ๊ฐ€์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์‹ ๊ณ ์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ๋ฌป๊ณ 
04:45
and when we asked them about the negative consequences for them,
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์ฐธ๊ฐ€์ž๋“ค์ด ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ถ€์ •์  ์˜ํ–ฅ์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ
04:48
we found that most people said, when asked directly,
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์‚ฌ๊ฑด์„ ๋ชฉ๊ฒฉํ•œ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ด ๋ถ€์ •์  ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ฃผ์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
04:52
"Did witnessing this experience have a negative repercussion?"
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์ง์ ‘์ ์ธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์—๋Š” ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด
04:55
Most people said, "No, I'm fine."
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"์•„๋‹ˆ์š”, ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์•„์š”."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋‹ตํ–ˆ์œผ๋‚˜
04:57
But when we looked at the qualitative entries,
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์งˆ์ ์ธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹ต๋ณ€์—
05:00
when we looked at what people actually wrote about this experience,
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์‹ค์ œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒฝํ—˜๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ฐธ๊ฐ€์ž๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ณด๋ฉด
05:04
we found that these experiences had profoundly negative impacts.
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ด ๋งค์šฐ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์ณค๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:08
They increased stress and anxiety and depression,
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์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค์™€ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ, ์šฐ์šธ๊ฐ์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ๊ณ 
05:10
they increased the prevalence of desire to leave the organization,
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ํ‡ด์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํŒฝ๋ฐฐํ•œ ์š•๊ตฌ์™€ ์‹ ๋ขฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ƒ์‹ค๊ฐ์ด ๋†’์•„์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:13
loss of faith.
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05:16
Why is there this discrepancy?
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์™œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
05:18
It seems that we're doing a comparative evaluation.
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๋น„๊ต ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:21
"Compared to the victim,
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"ํ”ผํ•ด์ž์— ๋น„ํ•˜๋ฉด
05:23
nothing really happened to me."
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๋‚˜ํ•œํ… ์•„๋ฌด ์ผ๋„ ์—†์—ˆ์ž–์•„."
05:26
But that's not really the right question.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๊ฑด ์•Œ๋งž์€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:28
And support shouldn't be invisible
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์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋œ ๋ฐ›์•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด์„œ
05:30
just because you're less affected.
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๋„์›€์ด ํ•„์š”์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์ฃ .
05:32
Because we're all affected
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜๊ณ 
05:34
and we should all be supporting each other.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์„œ๋กœ๋ฅผ ์ง€์ง€ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:37
We also found evidence of a social contagion.
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์ €ํฌ๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์ „์—ผ์˜ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:40
While 23 percent of participants told HR,
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์ฐธ๊ฐ€์ž์˜ 23%๊ฐ€ ์ธ์‚ฌ๋ถ€์— ๋ณด๊ณ ํ•œ ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด
05:44
more, 46 percent, told colleagues, usually someone on their team,
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๋” ๋งŽ์€ 46%๊ฐ€ ๋™๋ฃŒ์—๊ฒŒ, ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ํŒ€์›์—๊ฒŒ
05:49
and 67 percent told someone outside of work.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  67%๊ฐ€ ์ง์žฅ ๋™๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ํ„ธ์–ด๋†จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:53
What this shows is that the negative consequences of the situation,
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ดด๋กญํž˜์„ ๋‹นํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ฐจ๋ณ„๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ถ€์ •์  ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€
05:57
where someone is harassed or discriminated against,
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์ง์žฅ ๋ฐ–์œผ๋กœ ์ƒˆ์–ด๋‚˜๊ฐ„๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•ด์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
05:59
go far beyond the room.
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06:01
People take that story with them
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๊ณ 
06:03
and that discontent grows as they tell more and more people,
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๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ• ์ˆ˜๋ก ๋ถˆ๋งŒ์€ ์ปค์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:06
and this has the real effect
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ค์งˆ์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์€
06:08
that is almost certainly threatening your ability as an organization
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์ด๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์ง์›์„ ์œ ์น˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š”
06:12
to retain and attract diverse and excellent candidates.
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์กฐ์ง์˜ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด ์œ„ํ˜‘๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:18
So what do we do to stop this social contagion?
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์ „์—ผ์„ ๋ง‰๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ญ˜ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
06:21
What do we do to reduce these barriers
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์žฅ์• ๋ฌผ์„ ์ค„์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
06:23
and how do we provide support for witnesses and victims?
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๋ชฉ๊ฒฉ์ž์™€ ํ”ผํ•ด์ž๋ฅผ ์ง€์›ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ญ˜ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
06:27
How can we be better allies?
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋” ์ข‹์€ ํ˜‘๋ ฅ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
06:29
And it's easier than you might think.
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์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ์‰ฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:32
In my research, I've come across five particular things
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์ €๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋‹ค์„ฏ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์„ ํ™•์ธํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:35
that I think every organization can and should do
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ณ  ๋” ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์ผํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
06:38
to help tackle this issue
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์กฐ์ง์ด ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ 
06:39
and to build healthier workplaces.
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ํ•ด์•ผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:42
First, showcase your commitment.
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๋จผ์ € ์กฐ์ง์˜ ์˜์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
06:46
If your leadership isn't repeatedly saying
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๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ๊ณผ ํฌ์šฉ์„ฑ์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์„
06:49
how important diversity and inclusion is to them,
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๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ด์„œ ์–˜๊ธฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉฐ
06:52
and living by example,
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๋ณธ๋ณด๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๋ฆฌ๋”์‹ญ์€
06:54
no one is going to believe you.
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๋ฏฟ์Œ์„ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:57
An HR-driven campaign is insufficient.
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์ธ์‚ฌ๋ถ€ ์ฃผ๋„์˜ ์บ ํŽ˜์ธ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๋ถ€์กฑํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:00
Your organization is a direct mirror of its leadership team,
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๊ฒฝ์˜์ง„์„ ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์กฐ์ง์ด๋ฉฐ
07:03
and they need to be setting the tone.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์กฐ์ง ๋ถ„์œ„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์กฐ์„ฑํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:05
Second, train your managers.
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๋‘˜์งธ, ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ž๋ฅผ ๊ต์œกํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
07:09
The main person who's likely to harass someone in your organization
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์กฐ์ง ๋‚ด์—์„œ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๊ดด๋กญํž ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ฃผ์ฒด๋Š”
07:13
is a manager.
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๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ž์ด๊ธฐ ์‰ฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:14
Now, why?
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์™œ๋ƒ๊ณ ์š”?
07:16
Perhaps because power corrupts,
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๊ถŒ๋ ฅ์ด ๋ถ€ํŒจํ•ด์„œ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ 
07:18
or perhaps because we promote people into managerial roles
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์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ์ง์›์ด ์—…๋ฌด๋ฅผ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํžˆ ํ•ด๋‚ด์„œ
07:21
because they're excellent at their jobs,
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๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ž ์—ญํ• ์„ ๋งก๊ธฐ๊ณ 
07:23
and we assume that they will pick up the people skills,
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ง€๋‚˜๋ฉฐ ๋Œ€์ธ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋‚˜ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋„ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ตํž๊ฑฐ๋ผ
07:26
pick up the management skills along the way.
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๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ฃ .
07:28
But then they don't.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ์ฃ .
07:30
And this provides a fertile ground for harassment and discrimination
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๋น„ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์ธ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€์น˜์™€ ํ—ˆ์ˆ ํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ,
07:34
with unrealistic expectations,
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์„œํˆฐ ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ๋“ฑ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด
07:36
with poor time management,
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๊ดด๋กญํž˜๊ณผ ์ฐจ๋ณ„์ด ์ž๋ผ๋‚ 
07:37
with poor conflict management skills.
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์˜ฅํ† ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:40
Train your managers.
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๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ž๋“ค์„ ํ›ˆ๋ จ์‹œํ‚ค์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
07:42
Third, we know from research on victims
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์…‹์งธ, ์ €ํฌ๋Š” ํ”ผํ•ด์ž์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด
07:45
that without the ability to report anonymously,
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์ต๋ช… ์‹ ๊ณ ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
07:48
the fear of consequences is so overwhelming
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๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‘๋ ค์›€์ด ํฐ ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€
07:50
that most people will never report incidents.
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด ์‹ ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•Œ์•„๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:53
We found the same was true for witnesses.
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๋ชฉ๊ฒฉ์ž๋“ค๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:55
When we asked them directly, in our study,
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์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋ชฉ๊ฒฉ์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ
07:58
whether organizations could do something
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์‹ ๊ณ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ ค๋ฉด
08:00
to improve the fact that they might report,
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์กฐ์ง์ด ๋ญ˜ ํ•ด์•ผํ• ์ง€ ์ง์ ‘์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ๊ณ 
08:03
they said, number one that they could do better
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ ์–ธ๊ธ‰๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ด
08:05
was allowing for witness anonymity.
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๋ชฉ๊ฒฉ์ž์˜ ์ต๋ช…์„ฑ ๋ณด์žฅ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:08
Second was providing choices about who to report to.
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ณด๊ณ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€ ์„ ํƒ๊ถŒ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:11
Perhaps shockingly,
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์•„๋งˆ ๋†€๋ผ์‹œ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ
08:13
although managers are the most likely person
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๊ดด๋กญํž˜์ด๋‚˜ ์ฐจ๋ณ„์˜ ๊ฐ€ํ•ด์ž๊ฐ€
08:15
to be perpetrating harassment or discrimination,
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๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ž์ผ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’์Œ์—๋„
08:17
in many organizations
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๋งŽ์€ ์กฐ์ง์ด
08:18
they're also supposed to be your first point of contact
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๋ฌธ์ œ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ์‹œ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ž๋ฅผ ์šฐ์„  ์—ฐ๋ฝ์ฒ˜๋กœ ์ง€์ •ํ•ด๋‘ก๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:21
when things go wrong.
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08:22
Now that's a major sticking point.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ฃผ์š” ๊ฑธ๋ฆผ๋Œ์ด์ฃ .
08:24
So being able to choose who you go to is crucial.
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๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ณด๊ณ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:26
Third, encouraging witness reporting.
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์…‹์งธ, ๋ชฉ๊ฒฉ์ž ์‹ ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ์žฅ๋ คํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
08:28
Back to setting a tone in your organization,
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์กฐ์ง ๋ถ„์œ„๊ธฐ ์กฐ์„ฑ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์ฃ .
08:31
saying you can and should report things,
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์ง์›์ด ์‹ ๊ณ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์‹ ๊ณ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
08:33
and you can help stand up for each other.
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์„œ๋กœ์—๊ฒŒ ํž˜์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:36
Fourth, even when you have all of this in place,
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๋„ท์งธ, ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฐ–์ถฐ์ ธ ์žˆ์–ด๋„
08:39
most people will not speak to HR.
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์ธ์‚ฌ๋ถ€์—” ์–˜๊ธฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์ฃ .
08:42
We know this, because at Spot,
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Spot์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋„
08:43
we though anonymity would solve everything.
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์ต๋ช…์„ฑ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฑธ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ• ๊ฑฐ๋ผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
08:45
It did not.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:46
Anonymity is one piece of the puzzle.
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์ต๋ช…์„ฑ์€ ํผ์ฆ์˜ ํ•œ ์กฐ๊ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:48
Conducting surveys means that you go out to your employees,
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์„ค๋ฌธ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑด ์ง์›์ด ์˜ค๊ธธ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
08:51
you don't wait for them to come to you.
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์ง์›๋“ค์„ ์ฐพ์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ
08:53
And you ask everybody about how they feel
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์กฐ์ง ๋‚ด ํฌ์šฉ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์ด ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์ธ์ง€
08:56
about the health of inclusion and diversity efforts
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๋ชจ๋‘์—๊ฒŒ ๋Š๋ผ๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋ฅผ ๋ฌป๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:58
within the organization.
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09:00
And be specific.
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๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌผ์œผ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
09:02
Ask people about specific incidents or specific things they've witnessed.
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์ง์›์ด ๋ชฉ๊ฒฉํ•œ ํŠน์ • ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์ด๋‚˜ ์ผ์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
09:06
Because just like in our survey,
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์ €ํฌ ์„ค๋ฌธ์กฐ์‚ฌ์™€ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ
09:07
if you ask people directly
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์ง์ ‘์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ดด๋กญํž˜์ด๋‚˜ ์ฐจ๋ณ„์„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•œ ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌผ์œผ๋ฉด
09:09
if they have experienced harassment or discrimination,
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09:12
the default answer is no.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋Œ€๋‹ตํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:14
But if you ask about specific experiences or specific behaviors,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ด๋‚˜ ํ–‰๋™์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ๋ฌป๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด
09:17
most people go, "Oh, yeah, I saw that the other week."
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"์•„, ๋„ค, ๋ช‡ ์ฃผ ์ „์— ๋ดค์–ด์š”" ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:21
So making sure you ask the right questions is crucial.
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์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:23
Finally, and most importantly,
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ, ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€
09:25
research shows that one of the best ways to mitigate the bystander effect
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์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ๋ฐฉ๊ด€์ž ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์™„ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”
09:29
is to build a shared social identity.
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๊ณต์œ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์ •์ฒด์„ฑ์„ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:33
It's not about policing each other,
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์„œ๋กœ ๊ฐ์‹œํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
09:35
it's not about calling each other out,
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์ง€์ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
09:37
it's about being a cohesive unit.
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ํ™”ํ•ฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ง‘๋‹จ์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:39
We are in this together.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฐฐ๋ฅผ ํƒ”๊ณ 
09:41
If you attack one of us,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ค‘ ํ•œ ๋ช…์„ ๊ณต๊ฒฉํ•˜๋ฉด
09:43
you are attacking all of us.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๋ฅผ ๊ณต๊ฒฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:45
Because wouldn't you want that?
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๊ทธ๊ฑธ ์›ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‚˜์š”?
09:46
Wouldn't you want someone to stand by you if something negative happens?
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์•ˆ ์ข‹์€ ์ผ์ด ์ƒ๊ฒผ์„ ๋•Œ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ์˜†์— ์žˆ์–ด ์ฃผ๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ผ์ง€ ์•Š๋‚˜์š”?
09:50
We're all, hopefully, collectively building an organization
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘, ๋ฐ”๋ผ๊ฑด๋Œ€, ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋” ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ณ 
09:54
that is stronger and healthier and more diverse and inclusive.
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๋” ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ํฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์กฐ์ง์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:01
Without my allies, I wouldn't be here.
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์ œ๊ฒŒ ํ˜‘๋ ฅ์ž๋“ค์ด ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์žˆ์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๊ฒ ์ฃ .
10:05
When I was first targeted with inappropriate behavior at work,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ฒ˜์Œ ์ง์žฅ์—์„œ ๋ถ€์ ์ ˆํ•œ ํ–‰๋™์˜ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฌผ์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ
10:08
I fell into a depression,
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์ „ ์šฐ์šธ์ฆ์— ๋น ์กŒ๊ณ 
10:10
and I almost left academia altogether.
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ํ•™๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋– ๋‚  ๋ป”ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:13
Without a few people who stood by me,
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์ œ ๊ณ์„ ์ง€์ผœ์ค€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
10:14
I wouldn't be on this stage right now.
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์ €๋Š” ์ด ๋ฌด๋Œ€์— ์„œ์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:17
And I wish I had a happy ending for you.
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ํ•ดํ”ผ์—”๋”ฉ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ข‹๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ
10:20
But unfortunately, these individuals are still at it.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋ถˆํ–‰ํžˆ๋„ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ๋“ค์ด ๊ณ„์†๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:23
You see, in organizational structures where colleagues work in dispersed ways,
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๋™๋ฃŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋ถ„์‚ฐ๋œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ผํ•˜๊ณ 
10:28
where it's difficult to know who even to report to,
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๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ณด๊ณ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ง€ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ณ 
10:31
never mind what the consequences might be,
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๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๋“  ์ƒ๊ด€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์กฐ์ง ๊ตฌ์กฐ์—์„œ๋Š”
10:34
these kinds of behaviors are most likely to flourish for longer.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ํ–‰๋™๋“ค์ด ์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ ์ปค๋‚˜๊ฐ€๊ธฐ์— ์‹ญ์ƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:37
But that doesn't stop me from trying to stop it.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฐ ์ด๊ฑธ ๋ง‰์•„๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:40
And I can tell you one thing --
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ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:42
that over the past couple of years of my research,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•œ ์ง€๋‚œ ๋ช‡ ๋…„๊ฐ„
10:44
I have found that there have been so many positive changes.
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๋งŽ์€ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฒผ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:47
Changes in legislation,
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๋ฒ•์ด ๋ฐ”๋€Œ๊ณ 
10:49
changes in attitudes,
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ํƒœ๋„๊ฐ€ ๋ณ€ํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
10:50
and organizations are finally taking these issues seriously.
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๋“œ๋””์–ด ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค์„ ์กฐ์ง์—์„œ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:54
I swear, the time of the harassers and the bullies and the discriminators
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๊ดด๋กญํžˆ๋Š” ์ž, ํ˜‘๋ฐ•ํ•˜๋Š” ์ž, ์ฐจ๋ณ„ํ•˜๋Š” ์ž๋“ค์˜ ์‹œ๋Œ€๋Š”
10:59
is coming to an end.
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๋๋‚˜๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:01
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:02
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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