The most detailed map of galaxies, black holes and stars ever made | Juna Kollmeier

399,530 views

2019-07-10 ・ TED


New videos

The most detailed map of galaxies, black holes and stars ever made | Juna Kollmeier

399,530 views ・ 2019-07-10

TED


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: Christina Hang A Kim κ²€ν† : Jihyeon J. Kim
00:13
When I was a kid, I was afraid of the dark.
0
13722
2934
μ €λŠ” 어릴 적에 어둠을 λ¬΄μ„œμ›Œν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:18
The darkness is where the monsters are.
1
18032
2600
어둠은 괴물이 μžˆλŠ” 곳이죠.
00:21
And I had this little night light outside of my bedroom
2
21540
4184
κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 제 μΉ¨μ‹€ 밖에 쑰그만 λΆˆμ„ λ°€μƒˆ μΌœλ‘μ—ˆμ–΄μš”.
00:26
so that it would never get too dark.
3
26671
1745
그러면 μ•„μ£Ό μ–΄λ‘μ›Œμ§€μ§„ μ•Šμ„ν…Œλ‹ˆκΉŒμš”.
00:29
But over time, my fear of the dark turned to curiosity.
4
29973
4865
κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ μ‹œκ°„μ΄ 갈수둝, 어둠에 λŒ€ν•œ 두렀움은 ν˜ΈκΈ°μ‹¬μœΌλ‘œ λ°”λ€Œμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:35
What is out there in the "dark-dark?"
5
35410
2938
"칠흑같은 μ–΄λ‘ "μ—” 무엇이 μžˆμ„κΉŒ?"
00:39
And it turns out
6
39410
1367
그리고 그것은
00:41
that trying to understand the darkness is something that's fascinated humans
7
41728
4699
수 μ²œλ…„κ°„ μ•„λ‹˜ μ•„λ§ˆλ„ μ˜μ›νžˆ 인간을 λ§€λ£Œμ‹œν‚¬ μ–΄λ‘ μ΄λž€ 무엇인지
00:46
for thousands of years, maybe forever.
8
46451
2174
μ΄ν•΄ν•˜λ €λŠ” κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ λ³€ν–ˆμ£ .
00:49
And we know this
9
49389
1857
μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„λ„ μ•„μ‹œλ‹€μ‹œν”Ό
00:51
because we find their ancient relics of their attempts to map the sky.
10
51270
4737
ν•˜λŠ˜μ„ μ§€λ„λ‘œ λ§Œλ“€λ €λŠ” κ³ λŒ€ μœ λ¬Όλ“€μ„ 보면 μ•Œ 수 μžˆμ–΄μš”.
00:58
This tusk is over 30,000 years old.
11
58317
3309
이 μƒμ•„λŠ” 3만 년이 λ„˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:02
Some people think that it's a carving of Orion
12
62413
2991
μ–΄λ–€ 이듀은 였리온 μžλ¦¬λ‚˜ μ•„λ§ˆλ„ 달λ ₯이 μƒˆκ²¨μ Έ μžˆλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:05
or maybe a calendar.
13
65428
2087
01:07
We don't know.
14
67944
1150
우린 λͺ°λΌμš”.
01:09
The Fuxi star map is over 6,000 years old,
15
69958
4198
ν‘Έμ‹œ 별 μ§€λ„λŠ” 6천 년이 λ„˜μ—ˆκ³ ,
01:14
and it's from a neolithic tomb in ancient China.
16
74180
2467
κ³ λŒ€ 쀑ꡭ 신석기 λ¬΄λ€μ—μ„œ μΆœν† λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:17
And that little pile of clamshells
17
77251
2446
그리고 μ €κΈ° μž‘μ€ 쑰개껍질 λ”λ―ΈλŠ”
01:19
underneath the dead guy's foot in the middle --
18
79721
2823
죽은 자의 발 μ•„λž˜ μ€‘κ°„μ—μ„œμš”.
01:23
that's supposed to be the Big Dipper.
19
83609
1825
μ•„λ§ˆ λΆλ‘μΉ μ„±μ΄μ—ˆμ„ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:25
Maybe.
20
85458
1150
μ•„λ§ˆλ„μš”.
01:27
The Nebra disk is uncontroversial.
21
87284
2713
λ„€λΈŒλΌ μ›λ°˜μ€ λ…ΌμŸμ˜ 여지가 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:30
You don't have to be an astronomer to know that you're looking at the Moon phases
22
90902
3945
μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ λ‹¬μ˜ λ³€μ²œκ³Όμ •μ΄λ‚˜ νƒœμ–‘μ˜ 일식을 보고 μ΄ν•΄ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄
01:34
or the Sun in eclipse.
23
94871
1436
μ²œλ¬Έν•™μžμΌ ν•„μš”κ°€ μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:36
And that little group of seven stars, that's the Pleiades, the Seven Sisters.
24
96331
4055
그리고 μž‘μ€ 별 일곱 κ°œμ€ ν”Œλ ˆμ΄μ•„λ°μŠ€, 일곱 μžλ§€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:41
But in any case, the point is clear:
25
101553
1856
κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ μ–΄λ–€ 상황에선, κ·Έ 점이 λͺ…ν™•ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:44
astronomers have been mapping the sky for a long time.
26
104720
3117
μ²œλ¬Έν•™μžλ“€μ€ 였랜 κΈ°κ°„λ™μ•ˆ μ§€λ„λ‘œ λ§Œλ“€μ–΄ μ™”μ—ˆμ£ .
01:48
Why?
27
108490
1150
μ™œμ£ ?
01:50
It's our calling card as a species in the galaxy
28
110227
5398
그것은 μ€ν•˜κ³„μ˜ ν•œ μ’…μœΌλ‘œμ„œ 상황을 νŒŒμ•…ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•œ
01:55
to figure things out.
29
115649
1959
우리의 μ ‘κ·Ό λ²•μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:58
We know our planet,
30
118203
2136
우린 우리의 행성을 μ••λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:00
we cure our diseases,
31
120363
1601
μ§ˆλ³‘λ“€μ„ μΉ˜λ£Œν•˜κ³ 
02:01
we cook our food,
32
121988
1740
μŒμ‹μ„ μš”λ¦¬ν•˜λ©°
02:03
we leave our planet.
33
123752
1825
우리 행성을 λ– λ‚˜μ£ .
02:08
But it's not easy.
34
128426
1200
κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ 쉽지 μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:11
Understanding the universe is battle.
35
131037
2865
우주λ₯Ό μ΄ν•΄ν•˜λŠ” 것은 μ „μŸμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:14
It is unrelenting, it is time-varying,
36
134728
3373
그것은 끝없이 μ‹œκ°„μ— 따라 λ³€ν•˜λ©°,
02:18
and it is one we are all in together.
37
138125
2467
우리 λͺ¨λ‘ ν•¨κ»˜ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:21
It is a battle in the darkness against the darkness.
38
141292
4364
μ–΄λ‘  μ†μ—μ„œ 어둠에 λŒ€ν•­ν•˜λŠ” μ „μŸμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:26
Which is why Orion has weapons.
39
146853
3619
κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 였리온이 무기λ₯Ό κ°–κ³  μžˆλŠ” 것이죠.
02:34
In any case, if you're going to engage in this battle,
40
154170
3153
μ–΄λ–€ μƒν™©μ—μ„œλ“ , λ§Œμ•½ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ 이 싸움에 μ°Έμ—¬ν•˜κ²Œ λœλ‹€λ©΄,
02:37
you need to know the battlefield.
41
157347
1913
μ „μŸν„°μ— λŒ€ν•΄ μ•Œ ν•„μš”κ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:39
So at its core,
42
159284
1198
이 쀑심엔
02:40
mapping the sky involves three essential elements.
43
160506
2666
ν•˜λŠ˜μ„ μ§€λ„ν™”ν•˜λŠ” 일엔 μ„Έ 가지 ν•΅μ‹¬μš”μ†Œλ“€μ΄ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:43
You've got objects that are giving off light,
44
163196
3187
빛을 λ°œμ‚°ν•˜λŠ” 물체가 있고
02:46
you've got telescopes that are collecting that light,
45
166407
3341
κ·Έ 빛을 λͺ¨μœΌλŠ” 망원경이 있으며
02:49
and you've got instruments
46
169772
1436
κ·Έ 빛이 무엇인지 이해λ₯Ό λ•λŠ” 도ꡬ가 ν•„μš”ν•˜μ§€μš”.
02:51
that are helping you understand what that light is.
47
171232
2940
02:54
Many of you have mapped the Moon phases over time
48
174196
3369
λ§Žμ€ 뢄듀이 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ˜ λˆˆμ„ κ°–κ³  λ‹¬μ˜ μ›€μ§μž„μ„ μ§€μΌœλ΄μ™”μ„ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:57
with your eyes, your eyes being your more basic telescope.
49
177589
4520
μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ˜ λˆˆμ€ κΈ°λ³Έ 망원경이 λ˜μ–΄μ™”μ„ κ±°μ˜ˆμš”.
03:02
And you've understood what that means with your brains,
50
182133
2579
그리고 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ˜ λ‡Œλ‘œ κ·Έ μ˜λ―Έκ°€ 무엇인지 이해해 μ™”μ£ .
03:04
your brains being one of your more basic instruments.
51
184736
2746
μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ˜ λ‡ŒλŠ” κΈ°λ³Έ 도ꡬ 역할을 μˆ˜ν–‰ν•  κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:07
Now, if you and a buddy get together,
52
187506
1947
이제 λ§Œμ•½ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„κ³Ό μΉœκ΅¬κ°€ ν•¨κ»˜ μžˆλ‹€λ©΄
03:11
you would spend over 30 years,
53
191591
3357
30λ…„ μ΄μƒμ˜ μ‹œκ°„μ„ μ“Έ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:14
you would map 1,000 stars extremely precisely.
54
194972
3539
μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ 맀우 μ •ν™•ν•˜κ²Œ 1,000개의 별듀을 지도화할 κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:19
You would move the front line to the battle.
55
199059
2143
μ „μž₯의 μ΅œμ „λ°©μœΌλ‘œ μ›€μ§μΌν…Œμ£ .
03:21
And that's what Tycho Brahe and his buddy, or his assistant, really,
56
201552
3962
이것은 μ‹€μ œ ν‹°μ½” 뢀라헀산과 그의 친ꡬ ν˜Ήμ€ 쑰ꡐ가 ν•œ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:25
Johannes Kepler did back in the 1600s.
57
205538
2769
μš”ν•˜λ„€μŠ€ μΌ€ν”ŒλŸ¬λŠ” 1600λ…„λŒ€μ— ν–ˆμ£ .
03:28
And they moved the line,
58
208331
2270
그듀은 선을 μ›€μ§μ˜€μ–΄μš”.
03:30
figured out how planets worked,
59
210625
1826
행성듀이 μ–΄λ–€ μž‘μš©μ„ ν•˜λŠ”μ§€ μ΄ν•΄ν•˜κ³ ,
03:32
how they moved around the Sun.
60
212475
1754
νƒœμ–‘ μ£Όμœ„μ—μ„œ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μ›€μ§μ΄λŠ”μ§€λ„μš”.
03:35
But it wasn't until about 100 years ago
61
215141
2643
κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ μ•½ 100λ…„ 전에야 λΉ„λ‘œμ†Œ
03:37
that we realized
62
217808
2271
ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜ 큰 μš°μ£Όλž€ κ±Έ κΉ¨λ‹«κ²Œ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:40
it's a big universe.
63
220103
1368
03:42
It seems like the universe is just infinite, which it is,
64
222214
4231
κ·Έ μš°μ£Όκ°€ 마치 λ¬΄ν•œν•œ λ“― λ³΄μ˜€μ£ .
03:46
but the observable universe is finite.
65
226469
2887
ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ κ΄€μ°°κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ μš°μ£ΌλŠ” μœ ν•œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:49
Which means we can win the battle.
66
229889
2266
즉 우린 μ „μŸμ—μ„œ 이길 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:54
But if you're going to map the universe,
67
234402
2006
κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ λ§Œμ•½ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ 우주λ₯Ό μ§€λ„ν™”ν•˜λ©΄
03:57
you're not going to do it with one or two of your besties.
68
237283
2771
μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ 제일 μΉœν•œ 친ꡬ ν•œ 두λͺ…κ³Ό κ·Έ 일을 ν•˜μ§„ μ•Šμ„ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:00
Mapping the universe takes an army,
69
240569
2618
우주λ₯Ό μ§€λ„ν™”ν•˜λŠ”λ΄ κ΅°λŒ€κ°€ ν•„μš”ν•˜μ£ .
04:03
an army of curious, creative, craftspeople
70
243569
3865
ν˜ΈκΈ°μ‹¬μžˆκ³ , 창쑰적이고, λ§Œλ“€κΈ° μ’‹μ•„ν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ˜ κ΅°λŒ€μš”.
04:07
who, working together, can accomplish the extraordinary.
71
247458
3405
ν•¨κ»˜ ν•  λ•Œ λΉ„λ²”ν•œ κ±Έ μ„±μ·¨ν•΄λ‚Ό 수 μžˆλŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄μ£ .
04:12
I lead this army of creatives,
72
252476
1826
μ „ 창의적인 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ„ λͺ¨μ•„ κ΅°λŒ€λ₯Ό μ΄λŒμ—ˆμ£ .
04:14
in the fifth generation of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, SDSS.
73
254326
3899
슬둠 디지털 슀카이 μ„œλ² μ΄, SDSS의 5μ„ΈλŒ€μ—μ„œ λ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:18
And this is how astronomers have managed to shepherd individual curiosity
74
258810
4315
그리고 이것은 μ²œλ¬Έν•™μžλ“€μ΄ μ‚°μ—…μ‹œλŒ€λ₯Ό 톡해 개인의 ν˜ΈκΈ°μ‹¬μ„ μ±™κΈ°κ³ 
04:23
through its industrial age,
75
263149
2111
λ°œκ²¬ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” κ°œμΈλ“€μ˜ λŠ₯λ ₯을 μœ μ§€ν•˜λŠ” λ°©λ²•μ΄μ§€λ§Œ
04:25
preserving the individual ability to make discoveries
76
265284
3357
04:28
but putting into place mega machinery to truly advance the frontier.
77
268665
3886
진정 μ§„λ³΄ν•œ ꡭ경에 큰 기계λ₯Ό λ°°μΉ˜ν•˜λŠ” 방법이기도 ν•˜μ£ .
04:33
In SDSS, we divide the sky into three mappers:
78
273822
3063
SDSSμ—μ„œ, 저흰 ν•˜λŠ˜μ„ μ„Έ λ§€νΌλ“€λ‘œ κ΅¬λΆ„ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:36
one for the stars, one for the black holes
79
276909
3531
별듀, λΈ”λž™ν™€λ“€
04:40
and one for the galaxies.
80
280464
1875
그리고 μ€ν•˜κ³„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:42
My survey has two hemispheres,
81
282363
2278
제 μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” 두 개의 반ꡬ,
04:44
five telescopes, or 11, depending on how you count,
82
284665
4301
λ‹€μ„― 개의 망원경, 혹 11개, μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μ„ΈλŠλƒμ— 따라
04:48
10 spectrographs
83
288990
1559
10개의 뢄광기와
04:50
and millions of objects.
84
290573
1750
수 백만 개의 κ°œμ²΄λ“€μ΄μ£ .
04:52
It's a monster.
85
292347
1385
이건 κ΄΄λ¬Όμ΄μ—μš”.
04:53
So let's go through the mappers.
86
293756
1565
그럼 이 맀퍼듀을 톡해 가보죠.
04:57
The Milky Way galaxy has 250 billion plus or minus a few hundred billion stars.
87
297351
6452
μ€ν•˜κ³„μ—λŠ” 2,500μ–΅ 개 이상 혹 λͺ‡ μ²œμ–΅ 개 μ˜€μ°¨λ²”μœ„μ˜ 별듀이 있죠.
05:05
That is not a number that you hold in your head.
88
305497
2437
μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„ λ¨Έλ¦Ώ 속에 κ°€λŠ μ΄ λ˜λŠ” μˆ˜κ°€ μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:07
That is a number that doesn't make practical sense
89
307958
2341
κ·Έ 것은 κ·Έ λˆ„κ΅¬μ—κ²Œλ„ 말이 λ˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ” 그런 μˆ«μžμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:10
to pretty much anybody.
90
310323
1285
05:11
You never get 250 billion jelly beans in your hand. You know?
91
311632
3400
μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ 2,500μ–΅ 개의 μ €λ¦¬λΉˆμ„ 손에 κ°€μ§ˆ 수 μ—†μž–μ•„μš”. κ·Έλ ‡μ£ ?
05:17
We're nowhere near mapping all of those stars yet.
92
317543
3222
이런 별듀을 아직 μ§€λ„ν™”ν•˜λŠ” κ·Όμ²˜μ—λ„ 가지 λͺ»ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:21
So we have to choose the most interesting ones.
93
321345
2422
우린 κ°€μž₯ ν₯미둜운 것을 선택해야 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:24
In SDSS-V, we're mapping six million stars
94
324829
4150
SDSS-Vμ—μ„œ, μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 6백만 개의 별듀을 λ§€ν•‘ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:29
where we think we can measure their age.
95
329003
2086
μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„ 생각엔, λ³„λ“€μ˜ λ‚˜μ΄λ₯Ό μΈ‘μ •ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€κ³  μ—¬κΈ°λŠ” κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œμš”.
05:31
Because if you can measure the age of a star,
96
331662
2174
μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ λ§Œμ•½ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ λ³„μ˜ λ‚˜μ΄λ₯Ό μΈ‘μ •ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€λ©΄,
05:33
that's like having six million clocks spread all throughout the Milky Way.
97
333860
3781
그건 마치 μ€ν•˜μˆ˜μ— λΏŒλ €μ§„ 6백만 개의 μ‹œκ³„λ₯Ό κ°–λŠ” 것과 κ°™μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:37
And with that information,
98
337665
1438
그리고 정보λ₯Ό κ°–κ³ ,
05:39
we can unravel the history and fossil record of our galaxy
99
339127
4620
우리의 역사와 μ€ν•˜μ˜ 화석 기둝을 ν’€μ–΄λ‚Ό 수 있고
05:43
and learn how it formed.
100
343771
1366
μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ ν˜•μ„±μ΄ λ˜μ—ˆλŠ”μ§€ μ•Œ 수 있죠.
05:47
I'm just going to cut right to the chase here.
101
347238
2340
μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ λ‹€μ‹œ 주제λ₯Ό μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:50
Black holes are among the most perplexing objects in the universe.
102
350436
4853
λΈ”λž™ν™€μ€ μš°μ£Όμ—μ„œ κ°€μž₯ λ³΅μž‘ν•œ λŒ€μƒλ“€ 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:55
Why?
103
355627
1156
μ™œμ£ ?
05:56
Because they are literally just math incarnate, in a physical form,
104
356807
4011
μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ 말 κ·ΈλŒ€λ‘œ 그것은 물리적인 ν˜•νƒœμΈ μˆ˜ν•™ 덩어리이고
06:00
that we barely understand.
105
360842
1498
μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 거의 μ΄ν•΄ν•˜μ§€ λͺ»ν•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ£ .
06:03
It's like the number zero being animated and walking around the corridors here.
106
363085
4642
그건 마치 숫자 0이 μ‚΄μ•„μ„œ μ—¬κΈ° 볡도λ₯Ό λŒμ•„λ‹€λ‹ˆλŠ” 것과 κ°™μ•„μš”.
06:07
That would be super weird.
107
367751
1406
μ™„μ „ 이상할 κ±° κ°™μ£ .
06:09
These are weirder.
108
369181
1371
더 μ΄μƒν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:10
And it's not just like a basketball
109
370576
2104
이 것은 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ 농ꡬ곡을 μž‘μ€ 점으둜 λΆ€μˆ˜λ©΄ 맀우 μ΄ˆλ°€λ„μ˜ μ΄μƒν•œ 것이죠.
06:12
that you smoosh down into a little point and it's super dense and that's weird.
110
372704
3730
06:16
No, smooshed basketballs have a surface.
111
376458
2667
μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€, λΆ€μˆœ 농ꡬ곡듀은 ν‘œλ©΄μ„ κ°–κ³  있죠.
06:19
These things don't have surfaces, and we know that now.
112
379149
3380
이듀은 ν‘œλ©΄μ΄ μ—†μœΌλ©° 우린 κ·Έκ±Έ 이제 μ•Œκ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:23
Because we've seen it.
113
383228
1674
μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ±Έ λ΄€κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ—μš”.
06:24
Or the lack of it.
114
384926
1372
ν˜Ήμ€ ν‘œλ©΄μ΄ μ—†λŠ” κ±Έ λ΄€μ£ .
06:27
What's really interesting about black holes
115
387609
2008
λΈ”λž™ν™€μ— λŒ€ν•΄ 정말 ν₯미둜운 점은
06:29
is that we can learn a lot about them by studying the material
116
389641
3606
λ¬Όμ§ˆμ„ κ³΅λΆ€ν•¨μœΌλ‘œμ¨ 그듀에 λŒ€ν•΄ λ§Žμ€ 것을 배울 수 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:33
just as it passes through that point of no information return.
117
393271
4803
κ·Έμ € μ–΄λ–€ 정보도 λ˜λŒμ•„μ˜€μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ” κ·Έ 지점을 μ§€λ‚˜κ°€λ“―μ΄ 말이죠.
06:38
Because at that point,
118
398098
1452
μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ 이 μ§€μ μ—μ„œ,
06:39
it's emitting lots of X-rays and optical and UV and radio waves.
119
399574
5778
λΈ”λž™ν™€μ€ λ§Žμ€ μ—‘μŠ€λ ˆμ΄μ™€ κ΄‘ν•™ 및 μžμ™Έμ„ κ³Ό μ „νŒŒλ“€μ„ λ°©μΆœν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:45
We can actually learn how these objects grow.
120
405376
3011
사싀상 이 κ°œμ²΄λ“€μ΄ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μžλΌλŠ”μ§€ 배울 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:48
And in SDSS, we're looking at over half a million supermassive black holes,
121
408956
5542
그리고 SDSSμ—μ„œ, 저흰 그듀이 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ ν˜•μ„±λλŠ”μ§€ μ΄ν•΄ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄,
06:54
to try to understand how they formed.
122
414522
2466
50만개 μ΄μƒμ˜ μ΄ˆλŒ€ν˜• λΈ”λž™ν™€μ„ 보고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:58
Like I said,
123
418022
1245
μ œκ°€ λ§μ”€λ“œλ¦° κ²ƒμ²˜λŸΌ,
07:00
we live in the Milky Way, you guys are all familiar with that.
124
420109
2978
우린 μ€ν•˜κ³„μ— μ‚΄κ³  있고, μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ 이 사싀을 잘 μ•Œκ³  있죠.
07:04
The Milky Way is a completely average galaxy.
125
424009
3651
μ€ν•˜κ³„λŠ” μ™„μ „νžˆ 평균 μ€ν•˜μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:08
Nothing funny going on.
126
428605
1533
μž¬λ°ŒλŠ” 일은 μΌμ–΄λ‚˜μ§€ μ•Šκ³  μžˆμ–΄μš”.
07:10
But it's ours, which is great.
127
430859
1933
ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 이것은 우리의 것이죠. 맀우 쒋은 μΌμ΄μ—μš”.
07:14
We think that the Milky Way, and all the Milky Ways,
128
434794
4040
μ€ν•˜κ³„μ™€ λͺ¨λ“  μ€ν•˜μˆ˜λ“€μ€
07:18
have this really disturbing past
129
438858
2640
ꡉμž₯히 λΆˆνŽΈν•œ κ³Όκ±°λ₯Ό κ°–κ³  μžˆλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:21
of literally blowing themselves apart.
130
441522
3251
말 κ·ΈλŒ€λ‘œ 슀슀둜λ₯Ό ν­λ°œμ‹œμΌœ 퍼뜨린 κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:25
It's like every average guy you know
131
445597
3580
이건 마치 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ μ•„λŠ” μ•„λŠ” λ³΄ν†΅μ˜ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄
07:29
has a history as a punk rock teenager.
132
449201
2721
νŽ‘ν¬λ½μ— 빠진 μ‹­λŒ€μ˜€λ˜ κ³Όκ±°λ₯Ό 가진 것과 κ°™μ•„μš”.
07:32
That's very bizarre.
133
452582
1333
그것은 ꡉμž₯히 λ†€λž„ 일이죠.
07:36
Stars are blowing up in these systems,
134
456744
2031
별듀은 κ·Έλ“€ μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ„ 날렀버리고 있고,
07:38
black holes are growing at their centers
135
458799
1984
λΈ”λž™ν™€μ΄ κ·Έ κ°€μš΄λ°μ— 자라고 있으며
07:40
and emitting a tremendous amount of energy.
136
460807
2556
μˆ˜λ§Žμ€ μ–‘μ˜ μ—λ„ˆμ§€λ₯Ό λ°©μΆœν•˜κ³  있죠.
07:43
How does that happen, how does this transformation happen?
137
463387
2944
μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ 이런 일이 μΌμ–΄λ‚˜μ£ ? μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ 이런 λ³€ν™”κ°€ μƒκΈ°λŠ” κ±ΈκΉŒμš”?
07:46
And at SDSS, we're going to the bellies of the beast
138
466355
2484
SDSSμ—μ„œ, 저흰 이 짐승의 배둜 λ‹€κ°€κ°€ 훨씬 ν™•λŒ€ν•˜μ—¬
07:48
and zooming way in,
139
468863
1734
07:50
to look at these processes where they are occurring
140
470621
2992
μ‹œλ“œ λΉ„μ…”μŠ€κ°€ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μ™€λ“œ ν΄λ¦¬λ²„λ‘œ μžλΌλ‚¬λŠ”μ§€ μ΄ν•΄ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄
07:53
in order to understand how Sid Vicious grows up into Ward Cleaver.
141
473637
5026
κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ μΌμ–΄λ‚˜λŠ” 과정듀을 μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³Ό κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:01
My arsenal.
142
481389
1412
제 λ¬΄κΈ°μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:02
These are my two big telescopes.
143
482825
2024
이듀은 큰 망원경 두 κ°œμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:04
The Apache Point Observatory hosts the Sloan telescope in New Mexico,
144
484873
4891
μ•„νŒŒμΉ˜ 포인트 κ΄€μΈ‘μ†ŒλŠ” λ‰΄λ©•μ‹œμ½”μ˜ 슬둠 망원경을 λ³΄μœ ν•˜κ³ ,
08:09
and the Las Campanas Observatory in Chile
145
489788
2154
칠레의 라슀 μΊ„νŒŒλ‚˜μŠ€ κ΄€μΈ‘μ†ŒλŠ”
08:11
hosts the two-and-a-half-meter telescope, the du Pont.
146
491966
2984
2.5m 망원경인 두 ν°λ“œλ₯Ό λ³΄μœ ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:15
Two and a half meters is the size of our mirror,
147
495734
2603
저희 2.5m의 거울 ν¬κΈ°λŠ”
08:18
which was huge for Tycho and Kepler.
148
498361
2027
타이코와 μΌ€ν”ŒλŸ¬μ— λΉ„ν•˜λ©΄ μ»Έμ£ .
08:20
But it's actually not so big today.
149
500412
1814
κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ 사싀 μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚  이건 그리 큰 것도 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:22
There are way bigger telescopes out there.
150
502250
2397
λ‹€λ₯Έ κ³³μ—” 더 큰 망원경듀도 μžˆμ–΄μš”.
08:24
But in SDSS we use new instruments on these old telescopes
151
504671
5132
κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ SDSSμ—μ„œ 저흰 였래된 망원경에 μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ μž₯치λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬
08:29
to make them interesting.
152
509827
1667
ν₯미둭게 λ§Œλ“€μ—ˆμ£ .
08:32
We capture light from all of those objects into our aperture,
153
512422
4663
λͺ¨λ“  κ΄€μ°°λŒ€μƒμ˜ 빛을 쑰리개둜 λͺ¨μ•„μ„œ
08:37
and that light is then focused at the focal plane,
154
517109
2928
μƒˆ μž₯치의 빛을 μ²˜λ¦¬ν•˜λŠ” 초점 ν‰λ©΄μ—μ„œ
08:40
where our instruments sit and process that light.
155
520061
2342
μ΄ˆμ μ„ 맞μΆ₯λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:42
What's new in SDSS-V
156
522831
1934
SDSS-V의 μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 점은
08:44
is that we're making the focal plane entirely robotic.
157
524789
3721
μ΄ˆμ λ©΄μ„ μ™„μ „νžˆ λ‘œλ΄‡μœΌλ‘œ λ§Œλ“€κ³  μžˆλ‹€λŠ” κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:49
That's right: robots.
158
529051
2108
λ„€, λ§žμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ‘œλ΄‡μ΄μš”.
08:51
(Laughter)
159
531183
1150
(μ›ƒμŒ)
08:53
So I'm going to show them to you,
160
533019
2106
그듀을 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„κ»˜ λ³΄μ—¬λ“œλ¦΄ κ±°μ˜ˆμš”.
08:55
but they're fierce and terrifying,
161
535149
3633
ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 이듀은 사납고 λ¬΄μ„œμ›Œμš”.
08:58
and I want you all to just take a breath.
162
538806
2020
κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‹ˆ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„ μ‹¬ν˜Έν‘μ„ ν•œλ²ˆ ν•˜μ„Έμš”.
09:01
(Exhales) Trigger warning.
163
541450
1754
(λ‚ μˆ¨) 미리 μ£Όμ˜λ“œλ¦½λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:03
And with no apologies to all the Blade Runners among you,
164
543722
3840
μ—¬κΈ° 계신 인간과 기계λ₯Ό κ΅¬λΆ„ν•˜λŠ” λΈ”λ ˆμ΄λ“œ λŸ¬λ„ˆμ—κ²Œ κ·Έλƒ₯ λ³΄μ—¬λ“œλ¦¬λ©΄
09:08
here they are.
165
548516
1357
λ°”λ‘œ μ΄κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:09
(Laughter)
166
549897
1713
(μ›ƒμŒ)
09:11
I have 1,000 of these,
167
551634
1395
제게 이듀 1,000κ°œκ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:13
500 in the focal plane of each telescope in each hemisphere.
168
553053
3297
κ·Έ 쀑 λ°˜μ€ 각 반ꡬ의 각기 λ§μ›κ²½μ˜ μ‘°λ¦¬κ°œμ— μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:18
And this is how they move on the sky.
169
558061
1878
μ–˜λ“€μ€ ν•˜λŠ˜μ—μ„œ μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ μ›€μ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:20
So these are our objects and a star field,
170
560411
2287
μ—¬κΈ° μš°λ¦¬λ“€μ˜ κ΄€μ°° λŒ€μƒλ“€κ³Ό 별듀이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:22
so you've got stars, galaxies, black holes.
171
562722
2175
μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„ 별, μ€ν•˜, λΈ”λž™ν™€λ“€μ„ 보싀 수 μžˆμ„ κ±°μ˜ˆμš”.
09:24
And our robots move to those objects as we pass over them
172
564921
4952
저희 λ‘œλ΄‡λ“€μ΄ 별과 μ€ν•˜ 및 λΈ”λž™ν™€λ‘œλΆ€ν„° 빛을 ν¬μ°©ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄
09:29
in order to capture the light
173
569897
1585
μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 이듀을 μ§€λ‚˜μΉ  λ•Œ
09:31
from those stars and galaxies and black holes, and yes,
174
571506
3881
κ·Έ κ΄€μ°°λŒ€μƒλ“€μ—κ²Œλ‘œ 움직일 κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:35
it is weird to capture black hole light,
175
575411
2214
λΈ”λž™ν™€ 빛을 ν¬μ°©ν•˜λŠ” 건 μ΄μƒν•˜μ§€λ§Œ,
09:37
but we've already gone over that black holes are weird.
176
577649
2959
저흰 이미 λΈ”λž™ν™€μ΄ μ΄μƒν•˜λ‹€λŠ” κ±Έ μ•Œμ•„λƒˆμ£ .
09:42
One more thing.
177
582475
1150
ν•œ 가지 더 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:44
Stars are exploding all the time,
178
584966
2461
별듀은 항상 ν­λ°œν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:47
like this one did back in 1987 in our cosmic backyard.
179
587451
3718
마치 1987λ…„ 우주 κ΄€μ°°λ²”μœ„μ—μ„œ μΌμ–΄λ‚œ κ²ƒμ²˜λŸΌ 말이죠.
09:53
Black holes are growing all the time.
180
593427
3365
λΈ”λž™ν™€μ€ 항상 자라고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:59
There is a new sky every night.
181
599088
3508
맀일 λ°€ μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ ν•˜λŠ˜μ΄ μžˆλŠ” μ…ˆμ΄μ£ .
10:03
Which means we can't just map the sky one time.
182
603438
3333
즉 우린 ν•˜λŠ˜μ„ ν•œλ²ˆλ§Œ 지도화할 μˆ˜κ°€ μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:06
We have to map the sky multiple times.
183
606795
2534
우린 ν•˜λŠ˜μ„ μ—¬λŸ¬λ²ˆ 지도화해야 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:10
So in SDSS-V, we're going back to each part of the sky multiple times
184
610782
4229
λ”°λΌμ„œ SDSS-Vμ—μ„œ, 저흰 ν•˜λŠ˜μ˜ 각 λΆ€λΆ„λ“€λ‘œ μ—¬λŸ¬λ²ˆ λ˜λŒμ•„κ°€
10:15
in order to see how these objects change over time.
185
615035
3357
μ‹œκ°„μ΄ 지남에 따라 κ΄€μ°°λŒ€μƒλ“€μ΄ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ λ³€ν™”ν•˜λŠ”μ§€ λ³Ό κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:18
Because those changes in time encode the physics,
186
618416
3284
μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ 이듀 λ³€ν™”λŠ” 물리학을 λΆ€ν˜Έν™”ν•˜κ³ 
10:21
and they encode how these objects are growing and changing.
187
621724
3979
이듀 κ΄€μ°° λŒ€μƒλ“€μ΄ 자라고 λ³€ν™”ν•˜λŠ” 상황듀을 λΆ€ν˜Έν™”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:27
Mow the sky.
188
627399
1150
ν•˜λŠ˜μ„ ν›‘μ–΄λ³΄λŠ” κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:30
OK, let me just recap.
189
630177
1991
μ’‹μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ œκ°€ λ‹€μ‹œ μš”μ•½ν•΄λ³Όκ²Œμš”.
10:32
Global survey, two hemispheres,
190
632744
2579
κΈ€λ‘œλ²Œ μ„œλ² μ΄, 두 개의 λ°˜κ΅¬λ“€,
10:36
five telescopes, 10 spectrographs, millions of objects, mow the sky,
191
636537
5056
λ‹€μ„― 개의 망원경, 10개의 λΆ„κ΄‘κΈ°, 수백만 개의 κ΄€μ°°λŒ€μƒ, ν•˜λŠ˜μ„ 흝어보고
10:41
creative army, robots, yeah.
192
641617
2920
창쑰적인 κ΅°λŒ€, λ‘œλ΄‡λ“€, λ„€.
10:44
So you're thinking, "Wow.
193
644561
1668
μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„λ“€μ€ λ†€λžλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•˜μ‹€ κ±°μ˜ˆμš”.
10:46
She must have this industrial machine going,
194
646253
2705
"μš°μ™€. κ·Έλ…€λŠ” μ•„λ§ˆ 이 기계가 ν•„μš”ν•  κ±°μ•Ό.
10:48
no room for the individual, curious, lone wolf genius," right?
195
648982
3270
ν˜ΈκΈ°μ‹¬ μ–΄λ¦° κ³ λ…ν•œ λŠ‘λŒ€ 천재인 κ°œμΈλ“€μ„ μœ„ν•œ 곡간은 없을 κ±°μ•Ό." 맞죠?
10:52
And you'd be 100 percent wrong.
196
652847
1712
κ·ΈλŸ¬μ‹œλ‹€λ©΄ 100% ν‹€λ¦¬μ…¨μ–΄μš”.
10:55
Meet Hanny's Voorwerp.
197
655234
1467
ν•˜λ‹ˆμ˜ 물체λ₯Ό λ§Œλ‚˜λ³΄μ£ .
10:57
Hanny van Arkel was a Dutch schoolteacher
198
657274
2230
ν•˜λ‹ˆ 반 μ•„λ₯΄μΌˆμ€ λ„€λœλž€λ“œμΈ κ΅μ‚¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:59
who was analyzing the public versions of the SDSS data,
199
659528
3896
κ·Έλ…€λŠ” SDSS λ°μ΄ν„°μ˜ 일반인 버전을 λΆ„μ„ν•˜κ³  μžˆμ—ˆλŠ”λ°
11:03
when she found this incredibly rare type of object,
200
663448
3800
이 μ—„μ²­λ‚˜κ²Œ ν¬κ·€ν•œ ν˜•νƒœλ₯Ό λ°œκ²¬ν–ˆμ£ .
11:07
which is now a subject of major study.
201
667272
2533
μ§€κΈˆμ€ μ£Όμš” 연ꡬ λŒ€μƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:10
She was able to do this
202
670621
1550
κ·Έλ…€κ°€ κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ ν•  수 μžˆμ—ˆλ˜ 건 SDSSλ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ—ˆμ–΄μš”.
11:12
because SDSS, since its beginning and by mandate from the Sloan Foundation,
203
672195
4525
μ²˜μŒλΆ€ν„° 슬둠 μž¬λ‹¨μ˜ μœ„μž„μ„ λ°›μ•„
11:16
has made its data both publicly available
204
676744
2635
κ΄‘λ²”μœ„ν•œ 데이터λ₯Ό λŒ€μ€‘μ—κ²Œ κ³΅κ°œν•˜κ³ 
11:19
and usable to a broad range of audiences.
205
679403
3793
μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆμ—ˆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:23
She's a citizen -- yeah, clap for that.
206
683792
2745
κ·Έλ…€λŠ” μ‹œλ―Ό ν•œ λͺ…μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ„€, λ°•μˆ˜ μ³μ£Όμ„Έμš”.
11:26
Clap for that.
207
686561
1151
λ°•μˆ˜ μ³μ£Όμ„Έμš”.
11:27
(Applause)
208
687736
3246
(λ°•μˆ˜)
11:31
Hanny is a citizen scientist,
209
691006
1532
ν•˜λ‹ˆλŠ” μ‹œλ―Ό κ³Όν•™μžμ΄μž
11:32
or as I like to call them,
210
692562
1784
ν˜Ήμ€ μ œκ°€ 그듀을 μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ λΆ€λ₯΄κ³  μ‹Άμ–΄μš”.
11:34
"citizen warriors."
211
694370
1283
"μ‹œλ―Ό 전사듀."
11:36
And she shows that you don't have to be a fancy astrophysicist to participate.
212
696284
6301
κ·Έλ…€λŠ” μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ μ°Έμ—¬ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ ν™”λ €ν•œ μ²œμ²΄λ¬Όλ¦¬ν•™μžμΌ ν•„μš” 없단 κ±Έ 보여주죠.
11:43
You just have to be curious.
213
703037
1675
μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ κ·Έμ € ν˜ΈκΈ°μ‹¬μ΄ 많으면 λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:46
A few years ago,
214
706425
1574
λͺ‡ λ…„ μ „,
11:48
my four-year-old asked, "Can moons have moons?"
215
708023
3332
μ €μ˜ λ„€μ‚΄λ°°κΈ°κ°€ λ¬Όμ—ˆμ£ . "달은 달을 κ°€μ§ˆ 수 μžˆμ–΄?"
11:51
And I set about to answer this question
216
711989
1969
그리고 이 μ§ˆλ¬Έμ— λ‹΅ν•˜λ € ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:53
because even though many four-year-olds over all of time
217
713982
3587
μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ λ„€ μ‚΄μ§œλ¦¬ 아이듀이
11:57
have probably asked this question,
218
717593
2013
μ˜€λž«λ™μ•ˆ 이 μ§ˆλ¬Έμ„ 많이 ν–ˆκ² μ§€λ§Œ
11:59
many experts, including myself, didn't know the answer.
219
719630
3765
μ €λ₯Ό ν¬ν•¨ν•œ λ§Žμ€ 전문가듀은 λŒ€λ‹΅μ„ μ•Œμ§€ λͺ»ν–ˆκ±°λ“ μš”.
12:04
These are the moons in our solar system that can host hypothetical submoons.
220
724157
3848
잠재적인 μœ„μ„±μ„ 가진 우리 νƒœμ–‘κ³„μ—” 달듀이 μ‘΄μž¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:08
And that just goes to show you that there are so many basic questions
221
728491
4015
κ·Έμ € 이해할 ν•„μš”κ°€ μžˆλŠ” μˆ˜λ§Žμ€ 기본적인 μ§ˆλ¬Έλ“€μ΄ μžˆλ‹€λŠ” κ±Έ
12:12
left to be understood.
222
732530
2134
λ³΄μ—¬λ“œλ¦¬λŠ” κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:17
And this brings me to the most important point about SDSS.
223
737665
4672
그리고 이건 제게 SDSS에 κ΄€ν•œ κ°€μž₯ μ€‘μš”ν•œ 점을 μƒκ°ν•˜κ²Œ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:23
Because, yeah, the stars, the galaxies, the black holes, the robots --
224
743036
4080
μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ 별, μ€ν•˜κ³„, λΈ”λž™ν™€, λ‘œλ΄‡λ“€μ΄μš”.
12:27
that's all super cool.
225
747140
1466
λ‹€ μ—„μ²­ λ©‹μžˆμ£ .
12:30
But the coolest thing of all
226
750879
2063
κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ κ·Έλ“€ 쀑 κ°€μž₯ 멋진 건
12:32
is that eensy-weensy creatures on a rubble pile
227
752966
3244
μ™„μ „ 평균 μ€ν•˜ 쀑에 μ™„μ „ 평균인 별 κ·Όμ²˜μ— μžˆλŠ”
12:36
around a totally average star in a totally average galaxy
228
756234
3829
κ·Έ μž”ν•΄λ”λ―Έμ— μ‘΄μž¬ν•˜λŠ” 쑰그만 생λͺ…체듀이
12:40
can win the battle to understand their world.
229
760087
3785
κ·Έλ“€μ˜ 세계λ₯Ό μ΄ν•΄ν•˜λ €λŠ” μ „μŸμ—μ„œ μŠΉλ¦¬ν•  수 있게 ν•΄μ€€λ‹€λŠ” κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:44
Every dot in this video is a galaxy.
230
764714
4871
이 μ˜μƒμ˜ λͺ¨λ“  점듀은 μ€ν•˜μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:51
Every dot.
231
771323
1150
이 λͺ¨λ“  μ λ“€μ΄μš”.
12:59
(Cheers) (Applause)
232
779553
6762
(ν™˜ν˜Έ) (λ°•μˆ˜)
13:06
I'm showing here the number of galaxies
233
786339
1890
μ•½ 1980λ…„ 이래둜 μš°μ£ΌμΈλ“€μ΄
13:08
that astronomers have mapped in large surveys since about 1980.
234
788253
3395
큰 μ‘°μ‚¬μ—μ„œ μ§€λ„ν™”ν•΄μ˜¨ μˆ˜λ§Žμ€ μ€ν•˜λ“€μ„ μ—¬κΈ° λ³΄μ—¬λ“œλ¦½λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:12
You can see SDSS kick in around Y2K.
235
792109
2754
μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ Y2K즈음 SDSS의 효과λ₯Ό λ³Ό 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:15
If we stay on this line,
236
795921
2580
λ§Œμ•½ 이 μƒνƒœλ‘œ 계속 ν•˜λ©΄ 우린 2060λ…„κΉŒμ§€
13:18
we will map every large galaxy in the observable universe by 2060.
237
798525
5905
κ΄€μ°°ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” 우주의 λͺ¨λ“  큰 μ€ν•˜λ“€μ„ 지도화할 수 μžˆμ„ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:25
Think about that.
238
805406
1354
μƒκ°ν•΄λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
13:26
Think about it: we've gone from arranging clamshells
239
806784
4126
μƒκ°ν•΄λ³΄μ„Έμš”. μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ‘°κ°œκ»μ§ˆμ„ λ°°μ—΄ν•΄μ˜¨ 것뢀터 μ‹œμž‘ν•΄μ„œ
13:30
to general relativity to SDSS in a few thousand years --
240
810934
4087
μΌλ°˜μƒλŒ€λ‘ κ³Ό SDSS에 이λ₯΄κΈ°κΉŒμ§€ λͺ‡ μ²œλ…„μ΄ κ±Έλ Έκ³ 
13:35
and if we hang on 40 more,
241
815045
2310
λ§Œμ•½ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 40λ…„ 정도 더 기닀리면
13:39
we can map all the galaxies.
242
819077
2063
λͺ¨λ“  μ€ν•˜λ“€μ„ 지도화할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:41
But we have to stay on the line.
243
821859
1850
κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ 우린 이 μƒνƒœμ—μ„œ κΈ°λ‹€λ €μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:44
Will that be our choice?
244
824557
1341
그것이 우리의 선택이 λ κΉŒμš”?
13:48
There are dark forces in this world
245
828684
2639
우리 μ’… 전체λ₯Ό λ„λ‘‘μ§ˆν•˜μ—¬
13:51
that will rob our entire species of our right to understand our universe.
246
831347
6357
우주λ₯Ό 이해할 ꢌ리λ₯Ό μ•—μ•„κ°ˆ μ–΄λ‘μš΄ μ„Έλ ₯이 이 세상에 μ‘΄μž¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:58
Don't be afraid of the dark.
247
838466
1525
어둠을 λ‘λ €μ›Œν•˜μ§€ λ§ˆμ„Έμš”.
14:00
Fight back.
248
840498
1150
λ§žμ„œ μ‹Έμš°μ„Έμš”.
14:02
Join us.
249
842173
1190
μ €ν¬λ“€μ—κ²Œ λ™μ°Έν•˜μ„Έμš”.
14:03
Thank you.
250
843387
1150
κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:04
(Applause)
251
844561
6851
(λ°•μˆ˜)
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7