4 Ways To Design a Disability-Friendly Future | Meghan Hussey | TED

53,627 views ใƒป 2022-11-19

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ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืชืจื’ื•ื: Maya Sinay ืขืจื™ื›ื”: Ido Dekkers
00:04
I've never known life without disability.
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ืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ื—ื™ื™ืชื™ ืœืœื ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ืช.
00:07
Disability is where a physical or mental condition or impairment
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ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ื™ื ื”ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืœืงื•ืช ืคื™ื–ื™ืช ืื• ืžื ื˜ืœื™ืช
00:11
is combined with physical or social barriers
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ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื—ืกื•ืžื™ื ืคื™ื–ื™ื™ื ืื• ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื
00:14
that make it hard for a person to do certain things
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ืฉืžืงืฉื™ื ืขืœ ืื“ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื
00:16
or interact with the world around them.
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ืื• ืœืชืงืฉืจ ืขื ื”ืขื•ืœื ืฉืกื‘ื™ื‘ื.
00:18
Disability is very diverse,
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ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืจื‘ืช ืฆื•ืจื•ืช,
00:20
with a wide range of experiences
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ื•ื›ื•ืœืœืช ื˜ื•ื•ื— ืจื—ื‘ ืฉืœ ื—ื•ื•ื™ื•ืช
00:23
that can affect a person's ability to see, move, hear, learn,
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ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ืœืจืื•ืช, ืœื–ื•ื–, ืœืฉืžื•ืข, ืœืœืžื•ื“,
00:27
communicate or interact with others.
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ืœืชืงืฉืจ ืื• ืœื”ื™ืชืงืฉืจ ืขื ืื—ืจื™ื.
00:30
In my case, my sister Erin is autistic and has intellectual disabilities.
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ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืฉืœื™, ืื—ื•ืชื™ ืืจื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื ืื•ื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ืช ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื” ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืื™ื ื˜ืœืงื˜ื•ืืœื™ื•ืช.
00:35
She processes the world differently.
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ื”ื™ื ืžืขื‘ื“ืช ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืฉื•ื ื”.
00:38
She enjoys riding her bike, collecting rubber ducks,
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ื”ื™ื ืื•ื”ื‘ืช ืœืจื›ื‘ ืขืœ ื”ืื•ืคื ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื”, ืœืืกื•ืฃ ื‘ืจื•ื•ื–ื™ ื’ื•ืžื™,
00:41
watching YouTube videos on repeat
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ืœืฆืคื•ืช ื‘ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ ื™ื•ื˜ื™ื•ื‘ ืฉื•ื‘ ื•ืฉื•ื‘,
00:43
and spending the money she earns at work.
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ื•ืœื‘ื–ื‘ื– ืืช ื›ืกืฃ ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืจื•ื•ื™ื—ื” ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”.
00:45
When she's really happy, she squeals and claps her hands.
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ื›ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืžืฉ ืฉืžื—ื”, ื”ื™ื ืžืฆื™ื™ืฆืช ื•ืžื•ื—ืืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื.
00:49
Though, for many people Erin is different,
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ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉืœื”ืจื‘ื” ืื ืฉื™ื ืืจื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื”,
00:51
she is my normal.
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ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื™ ื”ื™ื ื ื•ืจืžืœื™ืช.
00:53
In my family, we were raised with the core value
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ื‘ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืœื™, ื”ืขืจืš ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ืฉืœื™ืžื“ื• ืื•ืชื ื•
00:55
that different is not less.
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ื”ื™ื” ืฉโ€˜ืฉื•ื ื”โ€™ ืœื ืื•ืžืจ โ€˜ืคื—ื•ืชโ€™.
00:58
But it was made clear to me
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ื ืขืฉื” ืœื™ ื‘ืจื•ืจ
00:59
that the rest of the world didn't always share this value.
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ืฉืฉืืจ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืœื ืชืžื™ื“ ื“ื’ืœ ื‘ืขืจืš ื”ื–ื”.
01:02
Like, I'll never forget, one time in middle school,
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ืื ื™ ืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ืืฉื›ื— ืฉืคืขื ืื—ืช ื‘ื—ื˜ื™ื‘ื”,
01:04
my sister's aid had made a video of her learning how to communicate
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ื”ืกื™ื™ืขืช ืฉืœ ืื—ื•ืชื™ ื”ื›ื™ื ื” ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื” ืœื•ืžื“ืช ืื™ืš ืœืชืงืฉืจ
01:07
using speech and sign
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ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ืกื™ืžื ื™ื
01:09
and thriving in an inclusive classroom where she was loved
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ื•ืื™ืš ื”ื™ื ืžืฉื’ืฉื’ืช ื‘ื›ื™ืชื” ืฉื›ืœืœื” ืื•ืชื” ื•ืื”ื‘ื” ืื•ืชื”
01:12
and accepted just for who she is.
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ื•ืงื™ื‘ืœื” ืื•ืชื” ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื™ื.
01:15
And I brought it to school, wanting to share,
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ื•ื”ื‘ืืชื™ ืืช ื–ื” ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ, ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืœืฉืชืฃ,
01:17
to give my classmates the opportunity to learn more about autism,
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืชืช ืœื—ื‘ืจื™ื™ ืœื›ื™ืชื” ืืช ื”ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืขื•ื“ ืขืœ ืื•ื˜ื™ื–ื,
01:21
only to be told by my teacher that the faculty had decided against it
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืžื•ืจื” ืฉืœื™ ืืžืจื” ืœื™ ืฉืกื’ืœ ื”ื”ื ื”ืœื” ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ื›ื ื’ื“ ื–ื”
01:24
to "protect" me from other students inevitably making fun of her.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื’ืŸ ืขืœื™ื™ ืžืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ืฉืœืœื ืกืคืง ื™ื™ืฆื—ืงื• ืขืœื™ื”.
01:29
It was one of many instances that taught me what stigma was.
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืื—ื“ ื”ืžืงืจื™ื ืฉืœื™ืžื“ื• ืื•ืชื™ ืžื”ื™ ืกื˜ื™ื’ืžื”.
01:33
With every rude comment,
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ืขื ื›ืœ ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ื’ืกืช ืจื•ื—,
01:34
when Erin would have a sensory meltdown in a public place,
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ื›ืฉืœืืจื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ืชืžื•ื˜ื˜ื•ืช ื—ื•ืฉื™ืช ื‘ืžืจื—ื‘ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™,
01:37
with every casual use of the slur retard, by even childhood friends of mine
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ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืฉืœ ื”ืงืœืœื” ื”ืื’ื‘ื™ืช โ€˜ืžืคื’ืจืชโ€™, ืืคื™ืœื• ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื™ืœื“ื•ืช ืฉืœื™,
01:43
with every judgmental stare,
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ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื ืขื™ืฆืช ืžื‘ื˜ ืฉื™ืคื•ื˜ื™ืช -
01:45
I learned that the rest of the world didn't necessarily see Erin
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ืœืžื“ืชื™ ืฉืฉืืจ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืœื ื‘ื”ื›ืจื— ืจืื” ืืช ืืจื™ืŸ
01:48
for the full human being that she is.
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ื›ืื“ื ื”ืฉืœื ืฉื”ื™ื.
01:50
Now, when I went off to college, I didn't know what role, if any,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื›ืฉื”ืœื›ืชื™ ืœืงื•ืœื’โ€™, ืœื ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ืื™ื–ื” ืชืคืงื™ื“, ืื ื‘ื›ืœืœ,
01:54
disability would play in my life outside my family.
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ืชืฉื—ืง ื”ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ื‘ื—ื™ื™ ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœืžืฉืคื—ื”.
01:57
It wasn't until I studied abroad in China for my International Relations major
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ืจืง ื›ืฉืœืžื“ืชื™ ื‘ื—ื•โ€œืœ ื‘ืกื™ืŸ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื”ืชื•ืืจ ืฉืœื™ ื‘ื™ื—ืกื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ-ืœืื•ืžื™ื™ื
02:01
that my personal background with disability
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ื”ืจืงืข ื”ืื™ืฉื™ ืฉืœื™ ืขื ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ื•ื”ืงืจื™ื™ืจื” ืฉืœื™ ื”ืฉืชืœื‘ื• ื™ื—ื“.
02:03
and my career came together.
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02:05
Through a class I was taking on social issues in Beijing,
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ื“ืจืš ืงื•ืจืก ืฉืœืงื—ืชื™ ืขืœ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ื™ื’โ€™ื™ื ื’
02:08
I had the opportunity to visit an autism school there
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื™ ืืช ื”ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืœื‘ืงืจ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืกืคืจ ืฉืœ ืื•ื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ื ืฉื
02:11
and was introduced to a local disability rights advocacy organization.
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ื•ื›ืš ื”ื›ืจืชื™ ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ืžืงื•ืžื™ ืฉืžืกืคืง ื”ืกื‘ืจื” ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ืขืœื™ ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ื™ื•ืช.
02:16
I ended up interning with them
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ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืขืฉื™ืชื™ ืืฆืœื ื”ืชืžื—ื•ืช ื•ืœื’ืžืจื™ ื ืฉืื‘ืชื™ ืœืชื•ืš ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื”ื–ืืช.
02:17
and got completely absorbed into that community.
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02:20
I was finally able to see how my family's struggle
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ืกื•ืฃ ืกื•ืฃ ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ืœืจืื•ืช ืื™ืš ื”ืžืื‘ืง ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืœื™
02:23
was part of something much larger,
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ื”ื™ื” ื—ืœืง ืžืžืฉื”ื• ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ,
02:25
and the magnitude of what I found actually shocked me.
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ื•ื”ื’ื•ื“ืœ ืฉืœ ืžื” ืฉื’ื™ืœื™ืชื™ ื‘ืืžืช ื–ืขื–ืข ืื•ืชื™.
02:28
Over a billion people,
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ืœื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ืื ืฉื™ื, ื‘ืขืจืš 15% ืžืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื, ื™ืฉ ืกื•ื’ ื›ืœืฉื”ื• ืฉืœ ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ืช.
02:30
an estimated 15 percent of the world's population,
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02:33
have some form of disability.
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02:35
And persons with disabilities as a group worldwide
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ื•ืื ืฉื™ื ืขื ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื›ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื
02:38
face huge amounts of stigma and disadvantage.
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ืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ื™ื ืขื ื›ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ืื“ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืกื˜ื™ื’ืžื” ื•ืขืžื“ืช ื ื—ื™ืชื•ืช.
02:42
Just to use education as an example,
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ืื ื ื™ืงื— ืืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”,
02:44
of the 240 million children with disabilities in the world,
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ืžืชื•ืš 240 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืขื ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื
02:48
about 50 percent have never been to school.
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ื‘ืขืจืš 50% ืืฃ ืคืขื ืœื ื”ืœื›ื• ืœื‘ื™ืช ืกืคืจ.
02:53
I was appalled that I had been studying global human rights
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžื–ื•ืขื–ืขืช ืฉืื ื™ ืœื•ืžื“ืช ืขืœ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืื“ื ื”ื’ืœื•ื‘ืืœื™ื•ืช ื‘ืงื•ืœื’โ€ฒ ื™ื•ืงืจืชื™,
02:56
at an Ivy League school,
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02:57
and even though the problem was so unbelievably huge,
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ื•ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืขื ืงื™ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื‘ืœืชื™ ื™ืืžืŸ,
03:00
not once had disability really ever come up.
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ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ืœื ืขืœื” ืืคื™ืœื• ืคืขื ืื—ืช.
03:03
So I decided to pivot,
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ืื– ื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื™ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ,
03:05
and I've spent the past decade in my career to disability inclusion
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ื•ื”ืงื“ืฉืชื™ ืืช ื”ืขืฉื•ืจ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ื‘ืงืจื™ื™ืจื” ืฉืœื™ ืœื”ื›ืœืœื” ืฉืœ ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ื‘ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื‘ื™ืŸ-ืœืื•ืžื™.
03:08
in international development.
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03:10
I returned to China on a Fulbright scholarship
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ื—ื–ืจืชื™ ืœืกื™ืŸ ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ืžืœื’ืช ืคื•ืœื‘ืจื™ื™ื˜
03:12
to do research on education and programs for autistic adolescents and adults.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžื—ืงืจ ืขืœ ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื•ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืœืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื ื•ื‘ื ื™ ื ื•ืขืจ ืื•ื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ื™ื.
03:17
I then went on to do research or work with disability organizations
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ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ื”ืœื›ืชื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžื—ืงืจ ืื• ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืขื ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ื™ื•ืช
03:20
in places like Tanzania, Ireland and South Africa.
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ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื›ืžื• ื˜ื ื–ื ื™ื”, ืื™ืจืœื ื“ ื•ื“ืจื•ื ืืคืจื™ืงื”.
03:24
I now work globally with Special Olympics,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื ื™ ืขื•ื‘ื“ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื’ืœื•ื‘ืืœื™ ืขื โ€˜ืกืคื™ื™ืฉืœ ืื•ืœื™ืžืคื™ืงืกโ€™,
03:26
using sport as a platform to teach and promote inclusive attitudes.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืกืคื•ืจื˜ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืœืžื“ ื•ืœืงื“ื ื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื›ืœื™ืœื•ืช.
03:31
And what I found is that all over the world,
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ื•ืžื” ืฉื’ื™ืœื™ืชื™ ื”ื•ื ืฉื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื
03:33
even though countries' specific cultural context or systems might be different,
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ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื”ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ื•ืช ืื• ื”ื”ืงืฉืจื™ื ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื™ื,
03:38
the underlying problem of attitude barriers remains the same.
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ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ื”ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช ืฉืœ ืžื—ืกื•ืžื™ ื’ื™ืฉื” ื”ื™ื ื–ื”ื” ืœื›ื•ืœื
03:42
And the research backs me up.
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ื•ื”ืžื—ืงืจ ืžื’ื‘ื” ืื•ืชื™ ื‘ื–ื”.
03:43
The second most cited barriers to inclusion, after lack of data,
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ื”ืžื—ืกื•ื ืœื”ื›ืœืœื” ืฉืžืฆื™ื™ื ื™ื ื›ืžืขื˜ ื”ื›ื™ ื”ืจื‘ื”, ืœืื—ืจ ืžื—ืกื•ืจ ื‘ืžื™ื“ืข,
03:47
is negative attitudes towards disability.
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ื”ื•ื ื”ื’ื™ืฉื” ื”ืฉืœื™ืœื™ืช ืœืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ืช.
03:50
What people don't realize is that exclusion hurts everyone.
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ืžื” ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ืœื ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ื”ื•ื ืฉื”ื“ืจื” ืคื•ื’ืขืช ื‘ื›ื•ืœื.
03:55
The International Labour Organization estimates that disability exclusion costs
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ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ-ืœืื•ืžื™ ืžืขืจื™ืš ืฉื”ื“ืจืช ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ืขื•ืœื”
03:59
low- and middle-income countries between three and seven percent of GDP.
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ืœืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืขื ื”ื›ื ืกื” ื ืžื•ื›ื” ืื• ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ืช ื‘ืขืจืš ื‘ื™ืŸ 3-7% ืฉืœ ืชืžโ€œื’.
04:04
But the opposite is also true.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื”ืคืš ื”ื•ื ื’ื ื ื›ื•ืŸ.
04:06
Inclusion could help everyone.
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ื”ื›ืœืœื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื›ื•ืœื.
04:08
Our research at Special Olympics has found
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ื”ืžื—ืงืจ ืฉืœื ื• ื‘โ€˜ืกืคื™ื™ืฉืœ ืื•ืœื™ืžืคื™ืงืกโ€™ ืžืฆื
04:10
that inclusive sport and youth leadership programming
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ืฉืœืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืกืคื•ืจื˜ ื•ื”ื ื”ื’ื” ืฆืขื™ืจื” ืฉื›ื•ืœืœื•ืช ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื™ืฉ ื™ืชืจื•ื ื•ืช
04:13
has benefits for youth, both with and without disabilities,
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ืœืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ืื• ื—ืกืจื™ ื”ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื™ื—ื“ื™ื•,
04:16
especially when it comes to developing key social and emotional skills
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ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื›ืฉื–ื” ืžื’ื™ืข ืœืคื™ืชื•ื— ืžื™ื•ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืจื’ืฉื™ื•ืช ื•ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื•ืช ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช
04:20
everyone needs to succeed in an increasingly diverse
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ืฉื›ื•ืœื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืฆืœื™ื— ื‘ื”ืŸ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืฉื”ื•ืคืš ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ื•ืžืงื•ืฉืจ.
04:24
and interconnected world.
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04:26
And this has held true in countries as different as the United States,
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ื•ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื›ืžื• ืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช, ืกื™ืŸ, ื”ื•ื“ื•, ืงื ื™ื” ื•ื™ื•ื•ืŸ.
04:29
China, India, Kenya and Greece.
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04:33
The good news is
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ื”ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ 4 ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื›ื•ืœื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืืช ื”ืขืชื™ื“ ืœื›ื•ืœืœ ื•ืžื›ื™ืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ.
04:34
there are four things we all can do to make the future more inclusive.
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04:38
Number one,
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ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ,
04:40
we need to reevaluate our own attitudes towards disability.
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ื”ื•ื ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืขืจื™ืš ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ื”ื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ืช.
04:43
I still get questions about whether it is "realistic"
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ืื ื™ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืงื‘ืœืช ืฉืืœื•ืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืื ื–ื” ืจื™ืืœื™ืกื˜ื™
04:47
to include persons with disabilities in international development programs
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ืœื”ื›ืœื™ืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ืขื ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื‘ื™ืŸ-ืœืื•ืžื™ื•ืช
04:51
when even the so-called regular people are struggling.
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ื›ืฉืืคื™ืœื• ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ื›ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืจื’ื™ืœื™ื ื—ื•ื•ื™ื ืงืฉื™ื™ื.
04:54
There are still too many stereotypes that associate disability with pity,
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ื™ืฉ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ืกื˜ืจืื•ื˜ื™ืคื™ื ืฉืžืงืฉืจื™ื ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ืขื ืจื—ืžื™ื,
04:59
and we're still living with social systems and physical structures
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื ืขื ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื•ืช ื•ืžื‘ื ื™ื ืคื™ื–ื™ื™ื ืฉืžื‘ื•ื“ื“ื™ื ืื ืฉื™ื ืขื ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ื™ื•ืช.
05:02
that segregate people with disabilities.
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05:05
So fewer people have it as part of their everyday experience,
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ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ื ืžืฆืืช ื‘ื—ื™ื™ ื”ื™ื•ื-ื™ื•ื ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืžืขื˜ ืื ืฉื™ื,
05:08
and it still makes them really uncomfortable.
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ื•ื–ื” ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ื•ืจื ืœื”ื ืœืื™ ื ื•ื—ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื”.
05:11
We need to re-evaluate these attitudes.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืขืจื™ืš ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ื”ื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ืืœื”.
05:13
Needing accommodation or support
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ืœื”ืฆื˜ืจืš ืขื–ืจื” ื‘ื”ืกืชื’ืœื•ืช ืื• ืชืžื™ื›ื” ืœื ื”ื•ืคืš ืื“ื ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืจืื•ื™ ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื•ืœื”ืขืจื›ื”.
05:15
does not make a person any less deserving of dignity and respect.
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05:19
This is a matter of justice and equity, not charity.
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ื–ื” ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ืฆื“ืง ื•ืฉืœ ื”ื’ื™ื ื•ืช, ืœื ืฉืœ ืฆื“ืงื”.
05:24
Second, choose to include.
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ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื ื™, ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืœื›ืœื•ืœ ื•ืœื”ื›ื™ืœ.
05:26
Solving this issue is not just a matter of policy.
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ืœืคืชื•ืจ ืืช ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ื”ื–ืืช ื–ื” ืœื ืจืง ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช.
05:30
There are plenty of countries that have disability laws on the books
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ื™ืฉ ื”ืžื•ืŸ ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืฉื—ื•ืงืงื• ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ื™ื•ืช
05:33
or have signed and ratified the United Nations Convention
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ืื• ืฉื—ืชืžื• ื•ืืฉืจืจื• ืืช ื”ื›ื ืก ืฉืœ ื”ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืžืื•ื—ื“ื•ืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ืขื ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ื™ื•ืช,
05:36
on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities,
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05:39
but there is still a huge gap between what is written in policy
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ืื‘ืœ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืคืขืจ ืขืฆื•ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื” ืฉื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื” ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ.
05:43
and what actually happens in practice.
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05:45
And this comes down to all of us.
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ื•ื–ื” ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืื—ื“ ืžืื™ืชื ื•.
05:47
We can put pressure on governments
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืœื—ืฅ ืขืœ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื•ืช
05:49
to make sure that laws are actually implemented.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื ื ืื›ืคื™ื ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ.
05:52
But we can also look at where we have the power to effect change.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ื’ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ืื™ืคื” ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ื›ื•ื— ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™.
05:56
We should be looking at organizations' diversity, equity and inclusion strategies
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื•ืช ื”ื’ื™ื•ื•ืŸ, ื”ื”ื’ื™ื ื•ืช ื•ื”ื”ื›ืœืœื” ืฉืœ ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื
06:00
and see where we can be doing better.
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ื•ืœืจืื•ืช ืื™ืš ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืคืจ.
06:02
Too often we still fall short of recognizing disability
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ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ื›ื—ืœืง ืžืžื”ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื™ืŸ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™.
06:05
as part of human diversity.
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06:07
We would all benefit by not only accommodating
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ื›ื•ืœื ื• ื ื˜ื™ื‘ ืื ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœืขื–ืจื” ื‘ื”ืกืชื’ืœื•ืช
06:10
but actively supporting and including persons with disabilities
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ื’ื ื ืชืžื•ืš ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ ื•ื ื›ืœื™ืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ืขื ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”.
06:13
in the workplace.
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06:15
Third, we need to recognize where disability intersects
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ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™, ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืฉื™ื ืœื‘ ืื™ืคื” ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ืžืฆื˜ืœื‘ืช ืขื ื›ืœ ืชื—ื•ื ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช.
06:19
with every issue area.
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06:21
When we talk about gender equity,
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ื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื’ื™ื ื•ืช ืžื’ื“ืจื™ืช,
06:23
we need to be inclusive of women with disabilities
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื›ืœื™ืœ ื’ื ื ืฉื™ื ืขื ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ื™ื•ืช
06:25
who are actually more likely to be victims of gender-based violence.
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ืฉื›ื ืจืื” ืกื‘ื™ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ืงื•ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ืœืืœื™ืžื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ืกืกืช ืžื’ื“ืจ.
06:29
When we talk about global health and health systems,
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ื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช ื•ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช,
06:32
we need to be inclusive of persons with disabilities
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื›ืœื•ืœ ื’ื ืื ืฉื™ื ืขื ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืกื‘ื™ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ืœื”ื ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช
06:34
who are more likely to have poor health outcomes,
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06:37
often not because of their actual disability
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ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืœื ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื - ืืœื ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืกื˜ื™ื’ืžื•ืช ื•ื—ื•ืกืจ ื’ื™ืฉื” ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช
06:39
but because of stigma and lack of access to care.
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06:42
Everyone has something they can do to make their work more inclusive.
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ืœื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื™ืฉ ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื• ืœืžื›ืœื™ืœื” ื•ืžื›ื™ืœื”.
06:45
And together,
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ื•ื‘ื™ื—ื“, ื”ืžืืžืฆื™ื ื”ืžืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืžื”ืคืš ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื.
06:47
these collective efforts can result in the cultural shift that we need.
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06:50
Finally, and most importantly, don't just listen to me.
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ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ, ื•ื”ื›ื™ ื—ืฉื•ื‘, ืืœ ืชืงืฉื™ื‘ื• ืจืง ืœื™.
06:55
Listen to persons with disabilities themselves.
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ืชืงืฉื™ื‘ื• ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ื™ื•ืช.
06:58
All over the world, there are incredible self advocates.
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ื‘ื›ืœ ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื™ืฉ ื”ืžื•ืŸ ืฉืžืขื™ื“ื™ื ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื.
07:01
Like my friend and colleague Ben,
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ื›ืžื• ื”ื—ื‘ืจ ื•ื”ืงื•ืœื’ื” ืฉืœื™ ื‘ืŸ,
07:03
who is both legally blind and has intellectual disability
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ืฉื”ื•ื ืขื™ื•ื•ืจ ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื• ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ืื™ื ื˜ืœืงื˜ื•ืืœื™ืช
07:06
and who successfully advocated to the DC Department of Transportation
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ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ืžืœื™ืฅ ื‘ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ืœืžื—ืœืงืช ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื‘ื•ื•ืฉื™ื ื’ื˜ื•ืŸ
07:10
to get voice and sound added to the crosswalks near our office
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ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืงื•ืœ ื•ืชืื•ืจื” ืœืžืขื‘ืจื™ ื”ื—ืฆื™ื™ื” ืœื™ื“ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืฉืœื ื•
07:14
to make it safe for him and people like him
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืืช ื—ืฆื™ื™ืช ื”ื›ื‘ื™ืฉ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืœื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขื‘ื•ืจื• ื•ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืื ืฉื™ื ื›ืžื•ื”ื•.
07:16
to cross the street going to work.
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07:18
Or Brina from the Philippines,
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ื•ื›ืžื• ื‘ืจื™ื ื” ืžื”ืคื™ืœื™ืคื™ื ื™ื,
07:20
whose parents were told upon her Down syndrome diagnosis
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ืฉื ืืžืจ ืœื”ื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœื” ืœื ืœื˜ืคื— ืฆื™ืคื™ื•ืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืื‘ื—ื•ื ื” ื›ื‘ืขืœืช ืชืกืžื•ื ืช ื“ืื•ืŸ
07:23
that they shouldn't set their expectations too high,
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07:26
but who has become an assistant preschool teacher
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ื•ื”ื™ื ื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœืขื•ื–ืจืช ื’ื ื ืช ื•ืืœื•ืคื” ืžื•ื›ืจืช ืื•ื ืกืงโ€œื• ืœื”ื›ืœืœื” ื‘ื—ื™ื ื•ืš.
07:28
and a UNESCO champion for inclusion in education.
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07:32
Or Haseeb, who has actually been on a TEDx stage before me
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ื•ื›ืžื• ื—ืกื™ื‘, ืฉืืคื™ืœื• ืขืœื” ื›ืืŸ ืขืœ ื‘ืžืช ื”-TEDx ืœืคื ื™ื™
07:36
to speak out against the stigma he has faced as an autistic young person
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ื›ื ื’ื“ ื”ืกื˜ื™ื’ืžื” ืฉืžื•ืœื” ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ื›ืื“ื ืื•ื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ ืฆืขื™ืจ ื‘ืคืงื™ืกื˜ืŸ.
07:39
in Pakistan.
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07:41
And I could go on and on and on
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ื•ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืขื•ื“ ื•ืขื•ื“
07:44
with others who have shared their lived experience of disability
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ืขื ืื ืฉื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืฉืฉื™ืชืคื• ืืช ื”ื—ื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื ืขื ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ื™ื•ืช
07:48
in books, speeches, blogs, podcasts and social media.
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ื‘ืกืคืจื™ื, ื ืื•ืžื™ื, ื‘ืœื•ื’ื™ื, ืคื•ื“ืงืืกื˜ื™ื ื•ื‘ืจืฉืชื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื•ืช.
07:53
When you're looking for ways to make your work more inclusive,
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ื›ืฉืžื—ืคืฉื™ื ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืœื™ื•ืชืจ ื›ื•ืœืœืช
07:56
seek out the voices of persons with disabilities.
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ืžื•ืฆืื™ื ืืช ืงื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ื™ื•ืช.
07:58
Really take the time to listen to what they have to say
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ื‘ืืžืช ืชืงื—ื• ืืช ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืœื”ืงืฉื™ื‘ ืœืžื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืœื”ื’ื™ื“
08:02
and follow their lead.
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ื•ืชืขืงื‘ื• ืื—ืจื™ื”ื.
08:04
Disability has always been and will always be a part of my life.
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ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ืชืžื™ื“ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื•ืชืžื™ื“ ืชื”ื™ื” ื—ืœืง ืžื—ื™ื™.
08:08
Erin and I deserve to live in a world
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ืžื’ื™ืข ืœืืจื™ืŸ ื•ืœื™ ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืฉื‘ื• ื ื™ืชื ื•ืช ืœื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืชืžื™ื›ื” ื•ื”ื›ืœืœื”.
08:11
where she has more opportunities to be supported and included.
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08:15
Erin, Ben, Brina and Haseeb are only four out of over a billion people
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ืืจื™ืŸ, ื‘ืŸ, ื‘ืจื™ื ื” ื•ื—ืกื™ื‘ ื”ื ืจืง ืืจื‘ืขื” ืžืชื•ืš ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ืื ืฉื™ื
08:21
who are just trying to find belonging and live their best lives
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ืฉืจืง ืžื ืกื™ื ืœืžืฆื•ื ืืช ืžืงื•ืžื ื•ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืฉืืคืฉืจ
08:25
in a world that was not designed for them.
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ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืฉืœื ืขื•ืฆื‘ ืขื‘ื•ืจื.
08:28
Indeed, a world that was designed to hold them back.
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ื‘ืขืฆื, ืขื•ืœื ืฉืขื•ืฆื‘ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขื›ื‘ ืื•ืชื.
08:31
Not because it had to be that way,
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ืœื ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ื›ื”,
08:33
but because people built systems
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ืืœื ื›ื™ ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื ื• ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ืคื›ื•ืช ืื•ืชื ืœโ€˜ืื—ืจื™ืโ€™ ื•ืžื“ื™ืจื•ืช ืื•ืชื.
08:36
around attitudes that other and exclude them.
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08:40
And all of those people have family members like me
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ื•ืœื›ืœ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื™ืฉ ื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื›ืžื•ื ื™ ืฉื—ื™ื™ื”ื ื”ื•ืฉืคืขื• ืžื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ื”ื–ืืช
08:43
whose lives are shaped by this issue
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08:45
and communities who are affected, whether they realize it or not.
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ื•ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ืฉืžื•ืฉืคืขื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ื”ืŸ ืžื‘ื™ื ื•ืช ืืช ื–ื” ืื• ืœื.
08:50
Disability inclusion is not something nice that we do for those people.
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ื”ื›ืœืœืช ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื–ื” ืœื ืกืชื โ€˜ืžืฉื”ื• ื ื—ืžื“โ€™ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”โ€˜ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืืœื”โ€™.
08:56
It is something critical that needs to come from all of us.
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ื–ื” ืžืฉื”ื• ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœื‘ื•ื ืžื›ื•ืœื ื•.
09:00
Thank you.
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ืชื•ื“ื”.
09:01
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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