The sexual deception of orchids - Anne Gaskett

574,988 views ใƒป 2019-02-14

TED-Ed


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: GGTC JELLY ๊ฒ€ํ† : Won Jang
00:06
The worldโ€™s largest orchid grows several meters tall.
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์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๋‚œ์ดˆ๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๋ฏธํ„ฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ž๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:11
The tiniest is practically invisible.
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž‘์€ ๋‚œ์ดˆ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:14
Some bloom high up in trees,
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์–ด๋–ค ๋‚œ์ดˆ๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ฌด ์œ„ ๋†’์€ ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๊ฝƒ์ด ํ”ผ๊ณ 
00:16
while others live underground.
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์–ด๋–ค ๋‚œ์ดˆ๋Š” ๋•… ์•„๋ž˜์—์„œ ์ž๋ผ๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:18
All in, there are around 28,000 species of orchid on earth โ€“
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์ง€๊ตฌ์ƒ์—๋Š” 2๋งŒ8์ฒœ์ข…์— ๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋‚œ์ดˆ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:24
about as many as all the bird, mammal and reptile species combined.
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๋ฌด๋ ค ์กฐ๋ฅ˜, ํฌ์œ ๋ฅ˜, ํŒŒ์ถฉ๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ํ•ฉ์นœ ๋งŒํผ์ด๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์ข…๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
00:29
They grow all over the world,
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๋‚œ์ดˆ๋Š” ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ์ž๋ผ๊ณ 
00:31
bearing every imaginable colour, shape, and pattern.
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๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ƒ‰, ๋ชจ์–‘, ๋ฌด๋Šฌ์˜ ๊ฝƒ์ด ํ”ผ์–ด๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:35
And thereโ€™s a cunning purpose behind these elaborate displays:
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ •๊ตํ•œ ์™ธํ˜• ๋’ค์—๋Š” ๊ตํ™œํ•œ ์ˆ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์ˆจ์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:40
many orchids trick insects,
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๋งŽ์€ ๋‚œ์ดˆ๋“ค์€ ๊ณค์ถฉ์„ ์†์ด๊ณ 
00:42
sometimes even into having sex with them.
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์–ด๋–ค ๋•Œ๋Š” ๊ณค์ถฉ๋“ค๊ณผ ์ง์ง“๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:46
Like other flowers,
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฝƒ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ
00:48
most orchids need to attract insects
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๋‚œ์ดˆ๋“ค๋„ ๊ณค์ถฉ์„ ์œ ์ธํ•ด์„œ
00:50
to gather their pollen and carry it between plants.
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๊ฝƒ๊ฐ€๋ฃจ๋ฅผ ์˜ฎ๊ธฐ๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:54
But unlike most flowers,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๊ฝƒ๋“ค์ด
00:56
which attract a range of pollinators with sweet nectar,
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๋‹ฌ์ฝคํ•œ ๊ฟ€๋กœ ์œ ํ˜นํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ
00:59
these masters of deception deploy other tacticsโ€“
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์†์ž„์ˆ˜์˜ ๋‹ฌ์ธ์ธ ๋‚œ์ดˆ๋“ค์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ˆ˜๋ฒ•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:03
like pretending to be an insectโ€™s mate,
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๊ทธ ์ˆ˜๋ฒ•์€ ๊ณค์ถฉ์˜ ์ง์ง“๊ธฐ ์ƒ๋Œ€์ธ ์ฒ™ ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
01:06
letting off alluring scents,
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๋งคํ˜น์ ์ธ ํ–ฅ์„ ๋‚ด๋ฟœ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
01:09
and mimicking the appearance of other species.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ข…์˜ ๊ฒ‰๋ชจ์Šต์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:12
One of their most intriguing methods is sexual deception.
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ์ˆ˜๋ฒ• ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ์„ฑ์  ์†์ž„์ˆ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:17
Through a combination of sexy shapes and pheromones,
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๋‚œ์ดˆ๋“ค์€ ๋งค๋ ฅ์ ์ธ ๋ชจ์Šต๊ณผ ํŽ˜๋กœ๋ชฌ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด
01:20
orchids convince insects to mate with them.
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๊ณค์ถฉ์ด ๊ทธ๋“ค๊ณผ ์ง์ง“๊ธฐํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:23
Take the bee orchid,
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์Œ์žŽ๋‚œ์ดˆ์†์€ ์žŽ์ด ๊ฟ€๋ฒŒ์˜ ๋ชธํ†ต๊ณผ ๋งค์šฐ ๋น„์Šทํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:25
whose petals look almost exactly like the velvety body of a bee.
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01:30
This disguise is so convincing that male bees land on the orchid
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์ด ์†์ž„์ˆ˜์— ์ˆ˜์ปท ๋ฒŒ๋“ค์€ ์™„๋ฒฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์†์•„
01:35
and try to have sex with it,
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๋‚œ์ดˆ์™€ ์ง์ง“๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ 
01:37
picking up pollen as they go.
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๊ฝƒ๊ฐ€๋ฃจ๋ฅผ ์˜ฎ๊ฒจ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:39
Other orchids have evolved contrasting colours and ultraviolet spotsโ€“
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‚œ์ดˆ๋“ค์€ ๋Œ€๋น„๋˜๋Š” ์ƒ‰๊ณผ ์ž์™ธ์„  ๋ฌด๋Šฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ๋‹ฌ์‹œ์ผฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:44
invisible to humans but irresistible to insects.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์ง€๋งŒ ๊ณค์ถฉ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์œ ํ˜น์ ์ธ ๋น›์ด์ง€์š”.
01:48
Still others have tactile โ€˜love-handlesโ€™
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‚œ์ดˆ๋“ค์€
๊ณค์ถฉ๋“ค์ด ๊ฝƒ๊ฐ€๋ฃจ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณณ์— ์ž๋ฆฌ์žก๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์˜ ์†์žก์ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:51
that ensure insects are positioned precisely for pollination.
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01:56
When a male wasp lands on the hammer orchid, for example,
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ˆ˜์ปท ๋ง๋ฒŒ์ด ๋ง์น˜ ๋‚œ์ดˆ์— ์•‰์„ ๋•Œ
01:59
his enthusiastic mating motion flips a hinge in the flower,
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๊ทธ์˜ ์—ด์ •์ ์ธ ์ง์ง“๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฝƒ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ฒฉ์„ ์ –ํ˜€
02:04
forcing his body into the pollen.
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๊ฝƒ๊ฐ€๋ฃจ์— ๊ทธ์˜ ๋ชธ์„ ์–ต์ง€๋กœ ๋ฐ€์–ด ๋„ฃ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:07
At the next flower he visits,
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋“ค๋ฅธ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฝƒ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ฒฉ์€
02:09
that same hinge pushes his pollen-covered body onto the stigma,
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๊ฝƒ๊ฐ€๋ฃจ๋กœ ๋’ค๋ฎ์ธ ์ด ๋ฒŒ์„ ์•”์ˆ  ๋จธ๋ฆฌ์— ๋ฐ€์–ด ๋„ฃ์–ด ์ˆ˜์ •์‹œํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:14
fertilizing it.
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02:15
Some orchids make such convincing mates
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๋ช‡๋ช‡ ๋‚œ์ดˆ๋“ค์€ ๊ณค์ถฉ๋“ค์„ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋น„์Šทํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ‰๋‚ด ๋‚ด์–ด
02:18
that insects even ejaculate on them,
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๊ณค์ถฉ๋“ค์ด ์ •์ž๋ฅผ ๋‚ญ๋น„ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์‚ฌ์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:21
wasting valuable sperm.
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02:23
But the most vital component of sexual deception is scent:
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์„ฑ์  ์†์ž„์ˆ˜์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์š”์†Œ๋Š” ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:28
orchids mimic the precise scent of a single insect species.
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๋‚œ์ดˆ๋Š” ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ๊ณค์ถฉ ์ข…์˜ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๋ฅผ ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ‰๋‚ด ๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:33
This is possible because many insects and flowers
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ณค์ถฉ๊ณผ ๊ฝƒ๋“ค์ด ํƒ„ํ™”์ˆ˜์†Œ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
02:36
produce simple organic compounds called hydrocarbons,
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๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ์œ ๊ธฐ ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:40
which form a layer that protects their bodies from drying out.
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๊ทธ ์œ ๊ธฐํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์€ ๊ณค์ถฉ์˜ ๋ชธ์ด ๋งˆ๋ฅด์ง€ ์•Š๋„๋ก ์ธต์„ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜์ง€์š”.
02:44
The precise blend of compounds in this layer is species-specific.
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์ด ์ธต์— ์žˆ๋Š” ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์˜ ์ •๋ฐ€ํ•œ ์กฐํ•ฉ์€ ์ข…๋งˆ๋‹ค ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:48
Its scent can double as a way for insects to attract potential mates,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์˜ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๋Š” ๊ณค์ถฉ์ด ์ง์„ ์œ ํ˜นํ•˜๋Š” ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋Š˜๋ ค์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:53
known as a sex pheromone.
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๊ทธ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๋Š” ์„ฑํŽ˜๋กœ๋ชฌ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ์ง€์š”.
02:55
Over the course of many thousands of years,
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์ˆ˜์ฒœ๋…„์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์ง€๋‚˜์˜ค๋ฉฐ
02:58
random compound combinations have given some orchid species
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๋ฌด์ž‘์œ„์˜ ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ ํ˜ผํ•ฉ์€ ๋ช‡๋ช‡ ๋‚œ์ดˆ๋“ค์ด
03:02
precisely the same signature scent as particular insect species.
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๊ณค์ถฉ ์ข… ํŠน์œ ์˜ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:08
This matching scent allows them to attract male pollinators
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๊ฐ€
์ˆ˜์ปท ๊ฝƒ๊ฐ€๋ฃจ ์ „๋‹ฌ์ž๋“ค์„ ์œ ํ˜นํ•˜๊ณ 
03:11
who fall over and over again
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋™์กฑ์˜ ์•”์ปท์œผ๋กœ ์œ„์žฅํ•œ ๊ฝƒ๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ณ„์† ์ง์ง“๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ง€์š”.
03:14
for the flowers masquerading as females
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03:16
of their own species.
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03:18
Sexual deception isnโ€™t the only trick orchids have up their sleeves.
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๋‚œ์ดˆ๊ฐ€ ๋ชฐ๋ž˜ ์ค€๋น„ํ•œ ์†์ž„์ˆ˜๋Š” ์„ฑ์  ์†์ž„์ˆ˜๋งŒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:23
Their oldest scam is mimicking the shapes and colours
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ ํ•ด์˜จ ์†์ž„์ˆ˜๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฟ€์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฝƒ์˜
03:26
of other nectar-producing flowersโ€”
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์ƒ‰๊ณผ ๋ชจ์–‘์„ ํ‰๋‚ด ๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:28
but without the sweet nectar.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€ ๊ฟ€์ด ์—†์ง€์š”.
03:31
Some orchids also masquerade as places where insects lay their eggs.
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๋ช‡๋ช‡ ๋‚œ์ดˆ๋“ค์€ ๋˜ํ•œ ๊ณค์ถฉ์ด ์•Œ์„ ๋‚ณ๋Š” ๊ณณ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์œ„์žฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:36
One species not only has the colour and appearance of rotting meat;
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์–ด๋–ค ์ข…์€ ์ฉ์€ ๊ณ ๊ธฐ์˜ ์ƒ‰๊น”๊ณผ ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
03:40
it emits a scent of decay as wellโ€“
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๊ณ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€ํŒจํ•˜๋Š” ์•…์ทจ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:42
drawing in flies who deposit their eggs on the flower
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์ด ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๋Š”
ํŒŒ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฝƒ์— ์•Œ์„ ๋‚ณ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ž์‹ ๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์ˆ˜๋ถ„ ์‹œํ‚ค๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:45
and unwittingly pollinate the plant.
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03:48
Other orchids look and smell just like the fungi on which certain insects
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‚œ์ดˆ๋“ค์€ ๊ณค์ถฉ๋“ค์ด ์•Œ์„ ๋‚ณ๋Š” ๊ท ๋ฅ˜์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ด๊ณ  ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๋ฅผ ๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:53
lay their eggs.
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03:55
Where do all these bizarre adaptations come from?
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ํŠน์ดํ•œ ์ง„ํ™”๋“ค์€ ์–ด๋””์„œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์™”์„๊นŒ์š”?
03:58
Random genetic mutations in orchids may result in a traitโ€“
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๋‚œ์ดˆ๋“ค์˜ ๋ฌด์ž‘์œ„์˜ ์œ ์ „์  ๋Œ์—ฐ๋ณ€์ด ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
04:02
like a scent or a shapeโ€“
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์šฐ์—ฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํŠน์ • ๊ณค์ถฉ์˜ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๋‚˜ ๋ชจ์–‘ ๊ฐ™์€ ํŠน์ง•์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์„์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:04
that, by chance, matches the needs of a single insect species.
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04:09
The huge diversity within the insect world also increases the likelihood
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๊ณค์ถฉ์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๊ด‘๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ ๋˜ํ•œ
๋‚œ์ดˆ๊ฐ€ ๋…ํŠนํ•œ ์†๋‹˜์„ ์ฐพ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:14
that an orchid will find a unique audience.
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04:17
Able to make more seeds and offspring with the help of its dedicated pollinators,
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ํ—Œ์‹ ์ ์ธ ๊ฝƒ๊ฐ€๋ฃจ ์ „๋‹ฌ์ž๋“ค ๋•๋ถ„์— ๋” ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋ฒˆ์‹ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‚œ์ดˆ๋“ค์€
04:22
the orchid successfully reproduces in isolation,
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๊ณ ๋ฆฝ๋œ ์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ๋„ ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์œผ๋กœ ์žฌ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ํ•˜๊ณ 
04:25
and becomes a new species.
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ข…์œผ๋กœ ์ง„ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:28
But because of their dependence on sometimes just one pollinator species,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ํŠน์ • ๊ฝƒ๊ฐ€๋ฃจ๋งค๊ฐœ์ž์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜์กด์„ฑ์ด
04:33
orchids are also vulnerable,
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๋‚œ์ดˆ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์•ฝ์ ์ด ๋˜๊ธฐ๋„ํ•˜๊ณ 
04:35
and many quickly go extinct.
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋ฉธ์ข…ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:37
Over time, though,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ง€๋‚˜๋ฉฐ
04:39
more orchid species have formed than died out,
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๋‚œ์ดˆ๋Š” ๋ฉธ์ข…ํ•˜๋Š” ์ข…๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ข…๋“ค์„ ํ˜•์„ฑํ–ˆ๊ณ 
04:42
and orchids are some of the most diverse flowering plants.
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ข…์ž์‹๋ฌผ ์ค‘ ๋ช‡๋ช‡์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:46
They have such exuberant and otherworldly shapes
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์ด๋“ค์˜ ๋ชจ์–‘์€ ์›Œ๋‚™ ํ™”๋ คํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด๊ตญ์ ์ด์–ด์„œ
04:50
that they occasionally deceive human senses, too:
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๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ์ธ๊ฐ„์„ ์†์ด๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:53
In their petals we see what appear to be tiny, dancing people,
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๋•Œ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์žŽ์€ ์ถค์ถ”๋Š” ์ž‘์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋‚˜
04:57
monkeyโ€™s faces, spiders,
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์›์ˆญ์ด ์–ผ๊ตด, ๊ฑฐ๋ฏธ
05:00
and even birds in flight.
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ƒˆ์˜ ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ๋ฑ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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