Can you solve the seven planets riddle? - Edwin F. Meyer

4,530,607 views

2018-02-26 ・ TED-Ed


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Can you solve the seven planets riddle? - Edwin F. Meyer

4,530,607 views ・ 2018-02-26

TED-Ed


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: Nam Young Kim κ²€ν† : Jihyeon J. Kim
00:11
Your interstellar police squad has tracked a group of dangerous rebels
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우주 κ²½μ°°νŒ€μ΄ μ•…λͺ…높은 강도듀을 μ«“κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:16
to a cluster of of seven small planets.
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7개의 행성듀이 λͺ¨μ—¬μžˆλŠ” κ³³μœΌλ‘œμš”.
00:19
Now you must apprehend them quickly before their reinforcements arrive.
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μ§€κΈˆ κ°•λ„λ“€μ˜ λ™λ£Œλ“€μ΄ 더 였기 전에 빨리 μž‘μ•„μ•Όν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:24
Of course, the rebels won’t just stay put.
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λ‹Ήμ—°νžˆ, 강도듀이 기닀렀주진 μ•Šκ² μ£ .
00:27
They’ll try to dodge you by moving from planet to planet.
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강도듀은 행성을 μ΄λ™ν•˜λ©΄μ„œ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ„ λ”°λŒλ¦¬λ €κ³  ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:31
But you have one major advantage.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ—κ²Œ λŠ₯λ ₯ ν•˜λ‚˜κ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:34
Every hour, your state-of-the-art cruiser can warp between any two planets,
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맀 μ‹œκ°„, 우리의 μ΅œμ²¨λ‹¨ λΉ„ν–‰κΈ°κ°€ 2개의 ν–‰μ„± 쀑 μ–΄λŠ ν–‰μ„±μœΌλ‘œλ“  갈 수 있죠.
00:40
while their beat-up smuggling ship
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그듀이 ν›”μΉœ 낑은 μš°μ£Όμ„ μœΌλ‘œλŠ”
00:42
can only jump to an adjacent planet in that same time.
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κ²½μ°°λ“€κ³Ό λ˜‘κ°™μ€ μ‹œκ°„μ— 그듀이 κ·Όμ ‘ν•΄μžˆλŠ” ν–‰μ„±μ—λ§Œ 갈 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:46
These rebels don’t like to stay put.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 이 강도듀은 λ‹Ήμ—°νžˆ 기닀렀주지 μ•Šμ„ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:48
Every time they can relocate, they will.
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움직일 수 μžˆμ„ λ•Œλ§ˆλ‹€ 그듀은 움직일 κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:52
Your scouts tell you that the approaching rebel fleet is 10 hours away.
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κ²½μ°°λ“€μ˜ 정찰병이 λ™λ£Œ 강도듀이 10μ‹œκ°„ 정도 떨어진 거리에 μžˆλ‹€κ³  ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:57
You can’t risk letting the rebels escape.
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강도듀이 λ„λ§κ°€κ²Œ λ†”λ‘˜ μˆ˜λŠ” μ—†μ£ .
01:00
Can you devise a sequence for searching the planets
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그듀이 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ 움직이든지
01:03
that’s guaranteed to catch them in 10 warps or less,
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10번 μ΄ν•˜λ‘œ μˆœκ°„ μ΄λ™ν•˜μ—¬ 그듀을 작고
01:07
no matter what moves they make?
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그듀이 μžˆλŠ” 행성을 μ°°μ•„ λ‚Ό 수 μžˆλŠ” 방법을 생각해 λ‚Ό 수 μžˆλ‚˜μš”?
01:12
Rounding up the rebels won’t be easy.
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강도듀을 μž‘μ•„λ“€μ΄λŠ” 것은 쉽지 μ•Šμ€ 일일 κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:14
For one, you have no way of knowing which planet they’re on to begin with.
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첫 λ²ˆμ§ΈλŠ” 강도듀이 μ–΄λŠ ν–‰μ„±μ—μ„œ μ‹œμž‘ν•˜λŠ”μ§€ λͺ¨λ¦…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:19
And without that information, it’s hard to determine where they’ll move next.
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κ·Έκ±Έ λͺ¨λ₯΄κ³ λŠ” μ–΄λ””λ‘œ 움직일지 μ•ŒκΈ° μ–΄λ ΅μ£ .
01:25
So where do you begin?
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κ·Έλ ‡λ‹€λ©΄ μ–΄λŠ ν–‰μ„±μ—μ„œ μ‹œμž‘ν•΄μ•Ό ν• κΉŒμš”?
01:27
When tackling problems of this kind it often helps to simplify things,
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이런 문제λ₯Ό λ‹€λ£° λ•Œμ—λŠ” 문제λ₯Ό λ‹¨μˆœν™” ν•˜λŠ”κ²Œ 도움이 될 λ•Œκ°€ λ§ŽμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:31
so you can better understand their dynamics.
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κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έλ“€μ˜ μ›€μ§μž„μ— λŒ€ν•΄ 더 잘 μ•Œ 수 있게 λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:34
Let’s imagine that this cluster has the same arrangement
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행성듀이 같은 배열을 κ°–κ³  μžˆλ‹€κ³  ν•΄λ΄…μ‹œλ‹€. ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ λ°”κΉ₯에 μžˆλŠ”
01:37
but no outermost planets, leaving only the four in the center.
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ν–‰μ„± 쀑 μ–΄λ–€ 행성도 μ€‘μ‹¬μœΌλ‘œλΆ€ν„° 4μΉΈ 이상 λ–¨μ–΄μ Έ μžˆμ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:42
We still don’t know which planet the rebels start on.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 아직도 강도듀이 μ–΄λŠ ν–‰μ„±μ—μ„œ μΆœλ°œν–ˆλŠ”μ§€ λͺ¨λ¦…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:45
But there’s one key feature:
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ ν•˜λ‚˜ νŠΉμ΄ν•œ 점이 있죠.
01:47
the third planet is adjacent to all others,
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3번 행성은 λ‹€λ₯Έ ν–‰μ„±λ“€κ³Ό λͺ¨λ‘ κ·Όμ ‘ν•΄ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:51
which means the rebels either start there and move somewhere else,
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그리고 그것은 강도듀이 3번 ν–‰μ„±μ—μ„œ μΆœλ°œν•˜κ³  μ΄λ™ν–ˆκ±°λ‚˜
01:55
or start on one of the other planets
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κ·Έ λ‚˜λ¨Έμ§€ ν–‰μ„±λ“€ 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜μ—μ„œ μΆœλ°œν–ˆκ³ 
01:57
and have no choice but to move to planet three.
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μ–΄μ©” 수 없이 3번 ν–‰μ„±μœΌλ‘œ κ°€κ²Œ λ¬λ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ˜λ―Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:02
Simply checking planet three twice in a row would do the trick.
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λ‹¨μˆœνžˆ 3개의 행성듀을 1렬둜 2λ²ˆμ”© ν™•μΈν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒλ§ŒμœΌλ‘œλ„ νš¨κ³Όκ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:09
Adding the three outer planet adds a bit more complexity,
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λ°”κΉ₯μͺ½ 3개의 ν–‰μ„±κΉŒμ§€ 생각해주면 쑰금 λ³΅μž‘ν•΄μ§‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:13
but the same strategy remains.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” ν•˜λ˜λŒ€λ‘œ ν•˜λ©΄ 되죠
02:15
We want to check the planets in an order that will eventually corner the rebels.
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우린 κ²°κ΅­μ—λŠ” 강도듀이 μ½”λ„ˆλ‘œ λͺ°λ¦¬κ²Œ 될 μƒν™©μ—μ„œ 행성듀을 νƒμƒ‰ν•˜κ³  μ‹ΆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:21
And there’s another insight that can help us:
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우리λ₯Ό 도와쀄 λ‹€λ₯Έ 방식도 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:23
each hour, the rebels move from an even-numbered planet
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맀 μ‹œκ°„λ§ˆλ‹€, 강도듀은 짝수 ν–‰μ„±μ—μ„œ μΆœλ°œν•˜μ—¬
02:26
to an odd-numbered planet,
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ν™€μˆ˜ 행성에 λ„μ°©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:28
or vice versa.
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ν˜Ήμ€ κ·Έ λ°˜λŒ€μΌ μˆ˜λ„ 있죠.
02:30
This gives us a way to simplify the problem
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이 생각은 행성듀을 2개의 λΆ€λΆ„μ§‘ν•©μœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜λˆ”μœΌλ‘œμ¨
02:32
by dividing the planets into two subsets,
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우리의 문제λ₯Ό λ‹¨μˆœν™”μ‹œμΌœ 쀄 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:35
and tackling each one separately.
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그리고 짝수, ν™€μˆ˜λ₯Ό λΆ„λ¦¬ν•˜μ—¬ ν•˜λ‚˜μ”© 생각해 λ³Ό 수 있게 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:38
For starters, let’s assume the rebels begin on an even-numbered planet:
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μ΄ˆλ³΄μžλ“€μ„ μœ„ν•΄ 강도듀이 짝수 ν–‰μ„±μ—μ„œ μΆœλ°œν•œλ‹€κ³  κ°€μ •ν•΄ λ΄…μ‹œλ‹€.
02:42
either two,
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2번 ν–‰μ„±μ΄κ±°λ‚˜
02:43
four,
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02:43
or six.
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4λ²ˆν–‰μ„±
ν˜Ήμ€ 6번 행성일 μˆ˜λ„ 있죠.
02:45
So we’ll search planet two first.
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κ·Έλ ‡λ‹€λ©΄ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 2번 행성을 λ¨Όμ € μ°Ύμ•„ λ³Ό κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:47
If they’re not there, they must have started on either four
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강도듀이 2번 행성에 μ—†λ‹€λ©΄ 그듀은 4번 ν–‰μ„± ν˜Ήμ€
02:50
or six.
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6번 ν–‰μ„±μ—μ„œ 좜발 ν–ˆμŒμ΄ ν‹€λ¦Ό μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:51
which means they can move to three,
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이것은 그듀이 3번 ν–‰μ„±μœΌλ‘œ
02:53
five,
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5번 ν–‰μ„±μœΌλ‘œ
02:54
or seven.
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ν˜Ήμ€ 7번 ν–‰μ„±μœΌλ‘œ μ΄λ™ν–ˆλ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ˜λ―Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:56
Planet three at the center gives them the most options for their next move,
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쀑심에 μœ„μΉ˜ν•œ 3번 행성은 κ°•λ„λ“€μ—κ²Œ κ°€μž₯ λ§Žμ€ 선택지λ₯Ό μ€λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:00
so we’ll want to check there next.
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κ·Έλ ‡λ‹€λ©΄ 3번 행성을 λ‹€μŒμœΌλ‘œ μ‚΄νŽ΄ λ΄…μ‹œλ‹€.
03:02
If we don’t find them, they must have been at planet five
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λ§Œμ•½ 강도듀을 κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ 찾지 λͺ»ν•œλ‹€λ©΄, 그듀이 5번 ν–‰μ„±
03:05
or seven,
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ν˜Ήμ€ 7번 행성에 있겠죠.
03:06
meaning they’ll next move to four
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그리고 이것은 λ˜ν•œ κ·Έλ“€μ˜ λ‹€μŒ λͺ©μ μ§€κ°€ 4번
03:09
or six.
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ν˜Ήμ€ 6번 ν–‰μ„±μž„μ„ μ˜λ―Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:10
Let’s now search planet four.
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이제 4번 행성을 λ΄…μ‹œλ‹€.
03:12
If they’re not there, they must have gone to the sixth planet
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강도듀이 그곳에 μ—†λ‹€λ©΄ 그듀은 6번 ν–‰μ„±μœΌλ‘œ μΆœλ°œν–ˆμŒμ΄ ν‹€λ¦Ό μ—†κ³ 
03:15
and can only flee to three
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3번 ν–‰μ„±
03:18
or seven.
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ν˜Ήμ€ 7번 ν–‰μ„±μœΌλ‘œ 갈 수 밖에 μ—†λ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ˜λ―Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:20
If we next scour planet three and don’t find them,
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λ§Œμ•½ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 3번 행성을 샅샅이 뒀진 ν›„ 그듀을 찾지 λͺ»ν•œλ‹€λ©΄
03:23
we know they went to planet seven and are now cornered.
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우린 그듀이 7번 ν–‰μ„±μœΌλ‘œ κ°”κ³  μ½”λ„ˆμ— λͺ°λ ΈμŒμ„ μ•Œ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:26
They can only move to planet six, where we’ll apprehend them on our fifth search.
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그듀은 6번 ν–‰μ„±μœΌλ‘œ 이동할 수 밖에 μ—†κ²Œ 되고 우린 5번의 νƒμƒ‰λ§Œμ—
03:32
Of course, this plan only works
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강도듀을 체포 ν•  수 있게 λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:34
assuming that the rebels were on an even-numbered planet in the first hour.
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λ¬Όλ‘  이건 μ²˜μŒλΆ€ν„° 강도듀이 짝수 ν–‰μ„± μΆœλ°œμ„ μ „μ œλ‘œ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:39
But what if that assumption was wrong?
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ κ·Έ 가정이 틀리면 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ λ κΉŒμš”?
03:41
In that case, they must’ve started on an odd-numbered planet.
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그럴 κ²½μš°μ—λŠ” 그듀이 ν™€μˆ˜ν–‰μ„±μ—μ„œ μΆœλ°œν–ˆλ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ˜λ―Έν•˜κ³ 
03:44
And because they move to an adjacent planet every hour,
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그듀이 맀 μ‹œκ°„λ§ˆλ‹€ κ·Όμ ‘ν•΄μžˆλŠ” ν–‰μ„±μœΌλ‘œ 이동할 수 있기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
03:47
their location must alternate between odd and even-numbered planets.
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그듀이 μžˆλŠ” μž₯μ†ŒλŠ” ν™€μˆ˜ν–‰μ„±κ³Ό μ§μˆ˜ν–‰μ„±λ“€λΌλ¦¬ λ°”λ€Œκ²Œ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:52
This means that if they were on an odd-numbered planet to start,
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μ΄λŠ” 강도듀이 ν™€μˆ˜ ν–‰μ„±μ—μ„œ μΆœλ°œν–ˆλ‹€κ³  κ°€μ •ν–ˆμ„ λ•Œ
03:55
after five moves, they'd be on an even-numbered planet.
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5번 이동 ν›„ 그듀이 짝수 행성에 μžˆμ„ κ²ƒμž„μ„ μ˜λ―Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
κ·Έλ ‡λ‹€λ©΄ 그듀이 μ§μˆ˜ν–‰μ„±μ—μ„œ μΆœλ°œν–ˆλ‹€λŠ” 우리의 가정이 ν‹€λ ΈκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
04:00
So if our first five searches missed them
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04:02
because our assumption that they started on an even-numbered planet was wrong,
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λ§Œμ•½ 우리의 5번의 νƒμƒ‰μœΌλ‘œλ„ 그듀을 놓쳀닀고 ν•˜λ©΄
04:06
all we have to do now is repeat the sequence!
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 이제 ν•΄μ•Ό ν•  것은 κ·Έ μˆœμ„œλ₯Ό λ°˜λ³΅ν•˜λŠ” 것 λΏμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:09
Searching the planets in order
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행성듀을
04:11
two,
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2번
04:12
three,
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3번
04:13
four,
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4번
04:14
three,
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3번
04:16
six,
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6번
04:17
two,
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2번
04:18
three,
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3번
04:19
four,
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4번
04:21
three,
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3번
04:22
six,
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6번 ν–‰μ„±μ˜ μˆœμ„œλ‘œ μ°ΎμœΌλ©΄μ„œ
04:23
leaves the rebels nowhere to run.
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그듀이 λ„λ§κ°ˆ 곳이 없도둝 λ§Œλ“œλŠ” κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:25
Thanks to your deductive reasoning, order is restored to the galaxy.
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„ 연역적 좔둠에 κ°μ‚¬λ“œλ¦¬λ©°, λ‹€μ‹œ 우주의 μ§ˆμ„œκ°€ νšŒλ³΅λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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