Learn English Vocabulary Daily #16.2 — British English Podcast

Hello and welcome to The English Like a Native Podcast.

您好，欢迎来到像母语一样的英语播客。

My name is Anna and you're listening to Week 16, Day 2 of Your English Five a Day.

我叫安娜，你正在听《英语每日五堂》第 16 周第 2 天。

This is a series that aims to increase your active vocabulary

该系列旨在

by five pieces every day of the week from Monday to Friday.

从周一到周五每天增加五个活跃词汇量。

So, let's kick off today's lesson.

那么，让我们开始今天的课程吧。

We're starting with a noun and it is wear and tear.

我们从一个名词开始，它是磨损。

Wear and tear.

磨损。

We spell this W E A R.

我们拼写这个 WEA R。And

And, A N D or an ampersand (&). And then tear, T E A R.

、AND 或与符号 (&)。然后撕裂，TEA R。

Wear and tear.

磨损和撕裂。

Now, wear and tear means the loss or the injury or damage or stress

现在，磨损是指由于过度使用

which occurs over time to an item or person due to overuse or overworking.

或过度工作而导致物品或人员随着时间的推移而发生的损失或伤害或损坏或压力。

I mean, with cars and general household machinery you expect a certain amount

我的意思是，对于汽车和一般家用机械，随着时间的推移，您预计会出现一定程度

of wear and tear over time, don't you?

的磨损，不是吗？

So, you don't expect your washing machine to keep going forever, working as well

因此，您不会指望您的洗衣机能够永远保持运转，就像

as it did the very first day you got it.

您收到它的第一天一样运转良好。

There will be a certain amount of wear and tear, a certain amount of damage or

随着时间的 推移，会出现一定程度的磨损、一定程度的损坏或

loss of function that occurs over time.

功能丧失。

My dishwasher at the moment is not working very well.

我的洗碗机目前工作得不太好。

I can see that the jets that spray the water out, some of them are

我可以看到喷出水的喷嘴，其中一些被

clogged, they're blocked with what I can only guess is limescale.

堵塞了，我只能猜测它们被水垢堵塞了。

We have very hard water here in London and it can cause chaos with your equipment

伦敦的水非常硬，这可能会导致

that uses water like the kettle, the washing machine and the dishwasher.

水壶、洗衣机和洗碗机等用水设备出现混乱。

So, this dishwasher has been going for years.

所以，这台洗碗机已经使用了很多年了。

We've had it here in this house for at least five years, and it

我们在这所房子里已经放了至少五年了，

was already here when we moved in, so it might even be ten years old.

当我们搬进来的时候它就已经在这里了，所以它甚至可能已经有十年了。

I'm not sure, but it's getting worse over time.

我不确定，但随着时间的推移，情况会变得更糟。

Every time we run it, it makes an even worse noise than

每次我们运行它时，它都会发出比

it did the previous cycle.

上一个周期更严重的噪音。

So, over time, there's a certain amount of damage that occurs,

因此，随着时间的推移，会发生一定程度的损坏

or loss of functionality that occurs — general wear and tear.

或功能丧失——一般磨损。

So, here's another example sentence,

所以，这是另一个例句，

"My favourite shoes are showing signs of wear and tear, but they are still so

“我最喜欢的鞋子有磨损的迹象，但它们仍然很

comfy I don't want to throw them out".

舒服，我不想把它们扔掉”。

Oh, that reminds me, I had a pair of boots.

哦，这让我想起了，我有一双靴子。

They were like Ugg boots, but they had really pretty patterns

它们就像 Ugg 靴子，但

on with like sequins and things.

上面有非常漂亮的图案，比如亮片之类的东西。

And they were just so pretty, and I always felt like they were my lucky boots.

它们非常漂亮，我总觉得它们是我的幸运靴子。

I felt so good when I wore them.

当我穿上它们时，我感觉很好。

So, I always wore them to interviews and auditions, and anything where

所以，我总是戴着它们去面试和试镜，以及任何

I wanted to feel at my best.

我想要感觉最好的地方。

And they lasted for a while but by the end, they really were

他们持续了一段时间，但到最后，他们真的只是

just taking themselves to the bin because they were in such a bad way.

把自己扔进垃圾箱，因为他们的处境太糟糕了。

Have you got anything like that?

你有类似的东西吗？

Anything that's showing signs of wear and tear?

有什么东西有磨损的迹象吗？

Moving on to a verb now and this is detach, detach.

现在转向动词，这是分离，分离。

We spell this D E T A C H.

我们将其拼写为 DETAC H.

Detach.

Detach。

To detach is to try to be less involved or less concerned about something.

分离是指尝试少参与或少关心某事。

So, imagine you have a family member who keeps getting into trouble with the law.

因此，想象一下您有一位家庭成员经常触犯法律。

They keep making mistakes and doing silly things like shoplifting perhaps

他们不断犯错误，做一些愚蠢的事情，比如入店行窃

and getting in with the wrong crowd and drinking too much and maybe taking

、混入错误的人群、酗酒、

drugs and just making bad life choices.

吸毒以及做出错误的生活选择。

And then, after years and years of this, you just feel like

然后，经过年复一年，你只是觉得

this is detrimental to your own sanity, to your own mental health.

这对你自己的理智、对你自己的心理健康有害。

It's detrimental to your own immediate family, your children and

这对你的直系亲属、你的孩子和你们的关系都是有害的，

your relationship because you're constantly giving so much to this

因为你不断地为这个

family member who doesn't seem to want to make an improvement in their life.

似乎不想改善生活的家庭成员 付出了太多 。

So, you decide, actually, I'm not going to help you anymore.

所以，你决定，实际上，我不会再帮助你了。

If you want help, you need to make good choices and change,

如果您需要帮助，您需要做出正确的选择并做出改变，

and then I'll be there for you.

然后我会为您提供帮助。

But I can't keep doing this.

但我不能继续这样做。

In that case, you are detaching yourself from that situation or

在这种情况下，你正在使自己脱离那种情况或

detaching yourself from that person.

使自己脱离那个人。

It's like you are stepping away.

就好像你正在一步步走开。

You're not going to get involved anymore.

你不会再参与其中了。

Here's another example,

这是另一个例子，

"Nurses often have to detach themselves from their feelings

“护士在治疗病人时常常必须脱离自己的感情

when treating patients, they shouldn't take things personally."

，他们不应该把事情看成是针对个人的。”

Next on our list is an adjective and it is tone-deaf, tone-deaf.

我们列表中的下一个是形容词，它是音盲，音盲。

Now this is spelled T O N E hyphen D E A F.

现在拼写为 T ONE 连字符 DEA F。

Tone-deaf.

音盲。

Now, depending on the situation, this could be taken in two ways.

现在，根据情况，可以采取两种方式。

If you describe yourself as tone-deaf when it comes to singing, it means that

如果你在唱歌时形容自己是五音不全，那就意味着

you can't hear the pitch of the note, and therefore you sing on the wrong pitch.

你听不到音符的音高，因此你唱错了音高。

You sing in the wrong key.

你唱错调了。

You're just out of tune, basically.

基本上，你只是走调了。

You're tone-deaf.

你五音不全。

And this really is a level of deafness, an inability to really hear the tones.

这确实是某种程度的耳聋，无法真正听到声音。

Many people say they're tone-deaf in singing when they're not.

许多人说他们唱歌时五音不全，但其实他们不是。

They just need a little bit of ear training and voice training.

他们只需要一点耳朵训练和声音训练。

But you could also describe someone as tone-deaf outside of singing.

但你也可以形容某人在唱歌之外五音不全。

So, it might be that someone doesn't understand how other people feel

因此，某人可能不了解其他人

about something or what a person needs in a particular situation.

对某事的感受或一个人在特定情况下的需求。

So, it's like not reading the room, not understanding a situation.

所以，这就像没有阅读房间、不了解情况一样。

Here's an example sentence,

这里有一个例句，

"I've received a complaint that our management team has been tone-deaf

“我收到一份投诉，称我们的管理团队

when it comes to working conditions, the staff are not happy at all".

在工作条件方面 充耳不闻 ，员工一点也不高兴”。

Next on our list is an idiom and it is in check.

我们列表中的下一个是一个习语，它正在检查中。

Often this is preceded by keep something in check.

通常，在此之前要对某些事情进行检查。

In check.

We're spelling this I N, in.

检查中。

我们将其拼写为IN，in。

Check, C H E C K.

检查，检查K。 当然

If you keep something in check, then you're keeping something

，如果您将某件事保持在检查状态，那么您就将某事

or someone, under control within reasonable limits, of course.

或某人控制在合理的范围内。

So, it's all about controlling something, guiding something, making sure it

所以，这一切都是为了控制某件事，指导某事，确保它

doesn't do what it's not supposed to do, or making sure a person doesn't

不做不应该做的事情，或者确保一个人不会

behave in a way that's inappropriate.

做出不恰当的行为。

So, you're keeping them in check.

所以，你要控制它们。

Just like you keep checking them.

就像你不断检查它们一样。

"Are you doing what you're supposed to do?

“你在做你应该做的事吗？

Yes, you are.

是的，你在做。

Okay, I'll check you again in a few minutes."

好吧，几分钟后我会再次检查你。”

"Are you still doing what you're supposed to do?

“你还在做你应该做的事吗？

I'm keeping you in check."

我在监视你。”

Here's an example,

这是一个例子，

"We've got to find ways of keeping our expenses in check this year,

“我们必须找到控制今年开支的方法，

last year we went way over budget".

去年我们远远超出了预算”。

Alright, last on our list is a phrasal verb and it is burn out.

好吧，我们列表中的最后一个是短语动词，它是burn out。

Often we burn ourselves out.

我们常常精疲力尽。

Okay, so to burn out, we spell this B U R N.

好的，为了倦怠，我们拼写这个 BUR N.

Out, O U T.

Out，OU T.

To burn out.

倦怠。

To burn out is to get to a point where you have to stop working because you've

倦怠是指由于工作

become ill or very tired or mentally tired from working too hard or too much.

太辛苦或太多而生病或非常疲倦或精神疲惫，因此您必须停止工作。

This is a phrasal verb that I'm very familiar with because it's something

这是我非常熟悉的短语动词，因为这是

I experience on a regular basis.

我经常经历的事情。

'Burnout' is something that creators and entrepreneurs

“倦怠”是创作者和企业家

have to try and keep in check.

必须努力控制的 事情 。

They have to make sure that they're not heading towards burnout.

他们必须确保自己不会走向倦怠。

Here's an example sentence,

这是一个例句，

"If you don't stop working so late, you're going to burn yourself out".

“如果你这么晚还不停止工作，你就会精疲力尽”。

With that phrasal verb in particular, it always makes me think of a candle.

特别是这个短语动词，它总是让我想起蜡烛。

If a candle is burning hard, burning bright, then it will get to the

如果蜡烛燃烧得很猛烈，燃烧得很明亮，那么它就会达到

point where there's no candle left.

没有蜡烛的程度。

It will burn all the way down and burn out.

它会一路烧下去，烧完。

The flame will eventually go out.

火焰最终会熄灭。

Okay.

好的。

So that's a good way to think of it.

所以这是一个很好的思考方式。

Let's now recap everything we've covered today.

现在让我们回顾一下今天讨论的所有内容。

We started with the noun wear and tear where you incur damage,

我们从名词磨损开始，即

loss or injury over time due to lots of use or overworking.

由于大量使用或过度工作而随着时间的推移而造成的损坏、损失或伤害。

Then we had the verb detach which is to become less involved

然后我们有动词分离，它是减少

or concerned about a situation.

对某种情况的参与或关注。

Then we had the adjective tone-deaf.

然后我们有了形容词音盲。

Outside of singing, this means to not really understand how other people

除了唱歌之外，这意味着不能真正理解其他人的

feel or understand the situation.

感受或了解情况。

Then we had the idiom in check or to keep in check, which is to keep something

然后我们就有了这个成语“in check”或“keep in check”，意思是将某事

controlled within reasonable limits.

控制在合理的范围内。

And we finished with the phrasal verb burn out, meaning to work so

我们最后用了动词短语“burn out”，意思是工作太

hard that you have to stop because you've become ill or overtired.

辛苦，以至于你必须停下来，因为你生病了或过度疲劳了。

Right, let's do this for pronunciation.

好吧，我们来做发音吧。

Please repeat after me.

请跟着我重复一遍。

Wear and tear.

磨损。

Wear and tear.

磨损。

Detach.

分离。

Detach.

分离。

Tone deaf.

音盲。

Tone deaf.

音盲。

In check.

检查中。

Keep in check.

保持检查。

Burn out.

烧完。

Burn out.

烧完。

Fantastic.

极好的。

Now, if I am standing in a room and everyone seems really angry and

现在，如果我站在一个房间里，每个人似乎都

upset about something, and I make a handful of jokes and nobody laughs.

对某件事感到非常生气和不安，而我开了一些玩笑，但没有人笑。

But I keep making jokes, I seem completely unaware that the mood of the room is

但我一直在开玩笑，我似乎完全没有意识到房间里的气氛

very angry and frustrated and annoyed.

非常愤怒、沮丧和恼火。

And I'm making it worse.

而我却让事情变得更糟。

What could you use to describe me?

你能用什么来形容我？

Tone-deaf.

In that situation, I'm completely tone-deaf.

音盲。

在那种情况下，我完全五音不全。

And if I work so hard that I end up with the flu and and I'm stuck in my bed for

如果我工作太辛苦，最后得了流感，而且我在床上躺了好

days and days, what did I do to myself?

几天，我对自己做了什么？

I burned out, didn't I?

我烧坏了，不是吗？

I burned out.

我精疲力尽。

And from now on, after recovering from my illness, I need to make sure that

从现在开始，病愈后，我需要确保

I'm controlling the amount of hours that I'm working and not allow myself

自己控制工作时间，不让自己

to do the same thing again and burn out.

再次做同样的事情而精疲力尽。

What idiom could I use to talk about controlling my behaviours?

我可以用什么成语来谈论控制自己的行为？

Keep in check.

保持检查。

I need to keep myself in check.

我需要控制自己。

Absolutely.

绝对地。

And if my friends decide that I'm working so hard they don't want to be

如果我的朋友认为我工作如此努力，他们不想再成为

my friends anymore, they don't want to be involved with me anymore, what verb

我的朋友，他们不想再与我交往，

would we use to describe what they do?

我们会用什么动词来描述他们所做的事情？

If they remove themselves from me, they become less concerned.

如果他们远离我，他们就会变得不那么关心。

Detach.

分离。

They detach themselves from me.

他们与我分离。

And, oh, my goodness me, I need to get a new washing machine.

而且，哦，天哪，我需要买一台新洗衣机。

Because it's just not working anymore.

因为它不再起作用了。

It's mostly due to what?

主要是因为什么？

Wear and tear.

磨损。

Absolutely.

绝对地。

Okay, it's that time in the show where we go to put everything

好吧，现在是节目中我们将所有内容放在

together in a little story.

一个小故事中的时候了。

A friend of mine, Jack, is a car mechanic who loves his job more than anything.

我的一个朋友杰克是一名汽车修理工，他热爱自己的工作胜过一切。

He works seven days a week, tirelessly fixing cars and making

他每周工作 7 天，不知疲倦地修理汽车并确保

sure they are in top condition.

它们处于最佳状态。

His wife, on the other hand, has recently noticed the wear and tear

另一方面，他的妻子最近注意到

this demanding job is having on him.

这项要求很高的工作对他造成的磨损。

She's tried to detach him from his work and convince him to take a

她试图让他从工作中解脱出来，并说服他去度一个

well-needed holiday, but Jack is completely tone-deaf to her pleas.

急需的假期，但杰克对她的请求完全充耳不闻。

He always has an excuse for why he can't leave his work, even for just one day.

他总是有借口不能离开工作，哪怕只是一天。

However, one fateful day last week, Jack burnt himself out

然而，上周的一个决定性的一天，杰克精疲力尽

and realised his wife was right.

，并意识到他的妻子是对的。

Finally, they are taking a break and going away on holiday to put his

最后，他们要休息一下并出去度假，以恢复他的

health and well-being back in check.

健康和福祉。

Phew!

唷！

As the saying goes, "All work and play makes Jack a dull boy!"

俗话说：“所有的工作和娱乐都会让杰克变成一个迟钝的男孩！”

And that brings us to the end of today's episode.

今天这一集就到此结束了。

I do hope that you found this useful.

我确实希望您觉得这很有用。

Until tomorrow, take very good care, and goodbye.

直到明天，好好照顾，再见。