Noun Phrases: English Grammar Essentials

What is a noun phrase?

什么是名词短语？

Hello everyone, Anna here from English Like a Native.

大家好，我是来自“像母语一样英语”的安娜。

Today we're diving into something that can take your English to the next level.

今天我们将深入探讨一些可以将您的英语提升到新水平的内容。

Noun phrases.

名词短语。

Wait, don't run away.

等等，别跑。

I promise this isn't as scary as it sounds.

我保证这并不像听起来那么可怕。

By the end of this video, you'll not only know what noun phrases are, but you'll

看完本视频后，您不仅会知道什么是名词短语，而且还会

be creating them, identifying them, and using them like a grammar genius.

像语法天才一样创建它们、识别它们并使用它们。

And yes, I'll make it as fun as I possibly can do.

是的，我会尽我所能让它变得有趣。

So, to ensure that you get the most from this lesson, I've created a worksheet.

因此，为了确保您从本课程中获得最大收益，我创建了一个工作表。

For you with lots of exercises so that you can master noun phrases.

为您提供大量练习，以便您掌握名词短语。

Your link for the worksheet is in the description.

您的工作表链接位于说明中。

Let's jump right in.

让我们直接开始吧。

What is a noun phrase?

什么是名词短语？

Let's start with the big question.

让我们从一个大问题开始。

A noun phrase is just a fancy way of saying.

名词短语只是一种奇特的表达方式。

A group of words centred around a noun.

以名词为中心的一组单词。

Think of it like a burger.

把它想象成一个汉堡。

The noun is the meat, or meat alternative.

名词是肉或肉类替代品。

It's the heart of the phrase.

这是这句话的核心。

Everything else, the bread, lettuce, cheese, ketchup, onions, they're all the

其他的一切，面包、生菜、奶酪、番茄酱、洋葱，它们都是

extra bits that make it more delicious.

让它变得更美味的额外部分。

Here's an example.

这是一个例子。

Cat.

猫。

That's just the meat, metaphorically.

打个比方，这只是肉。

We don't eat cats.

我们不吃猫。

The fluffy cat.

毛茸茸的猫。

Now we're adding some extra flavour.

现在我们添加一些额外的味道。

This is the bun, the bread that goes around the cat.

这是小圆面包，包在猫身上的面包。

The fluffy cat sitting on the windowsill.

毛茸茸的猫坐在窗台上。

Boom!

繁荣！

Now we've got a full burger.

现在我们有一个完整的汉堡了。

To make a noun phrase, use this simple formula.

要创建名词短语，请使用这个简单的公式。

Determiner plus adjective plus noun plus noun.

限定词加形容词加名词加名词。

Extra information.

额外信息。

Let's break it down.

让我们来分解一下。

A determiner is a word like the, a, my, or three.

限定词是像 the、a、my 或 Three 这样的词。

For example, the dog.

例如，狗。

Adjectives are words that describe the noun.

形容词是描述名词的词。

For example, the cute dog.

比如，可爱的小狗。

The noun is of course the start of the phrase.

名词当然是短语的开头。

For example, the cute dog.

比如，可爱的小狗。

And then the extra information could be A prepositional phrase like on

然后额外的信息可以是介词短语，如“在

the sofa, a relative clause, who loves biscuits, or other details.

沙发上”、关系从句、“谁喜欢饼干”或其他细节。

So, here's your full example, the cute dog on the sofa.

所以，这是完整的例子，沙发上可爱的狗。

Now, why are noun phrases important?

现在，为什么名词短语很重要？

Why should you care about noun phrases?

为什么要关心名词短语？

Because they make your sentences more interesting and detailed.

因为它们使你的句子更加有趣和详细。

Let's compare.

我们来比较一下。

I saw a dog.

我看到一只狗。

That's a simple sentence.

这是一个简单的句子。

With a noun phrase, I saw a cute dog with floppy ears chasing a butterfly.

通过一个名词短语，我看到了一只耷拉着耳朵的可爱小狗在追一只蝴蝶。

Which one paints a better picture?

哪一个描绘得更好？

Exactly.

确切地。

Noun phrases are like Instagram filters.

名词短语就像 Instagram 过滤器。

They make everything look better.

他们让一切看起来更好。

How to identify noun phrases.

如何识别名词短语。

Here's a pro tip.

这是一个专业提示。

Start by finding the noun.

首先找到名词。

Then look for the words around it that describe or add detail.

然后寻找它周围描述或添加细节的单词。

Let's try one together.

我们一起来尝试一下吧。

The tall man in a blue jacket walked into the room.

穿着蓝色夹克的高个子男人走进了房间。

Step 1.

步骤 1.

What's the noun here?

这里的名词是什么？

Man.

男人。

Yes.

是的。

Step 2.

步骤 2.

What describes the noun?

名词的描述是什么？

The tall man in a blue jacket.

身穿蓝色夹克的高个子男人。

And there you go.

就这样吧。

That's your noun phrase.

那是你的名词短语。

The tall man in a blue jacket.

身穿蓝色夹克的高个子男人。

Now it's your turn.

现在轮到你了。

Identify the noun phrase in this sentence.

识别这句话中的名词短语。

A group of cheerful children were playing in the park.

一群快乐的孩子在公园里玩耍。

You can pause the video if you need more time.

如果您需要更多时间，可以暂停视频。

And the answer is, a group of cheerful children.

而答案是，一群开朗的孩子。

Let's talk now about common mistakes with noun phrases.

现在我们来谈谈名词短语的常见错误。

There are some common mistakes that learners often make.

学习者经常犯一些常见的错误。

And these mistakes might seem small, but they can make your sentences

这些错误可能看起来很小，但它们可能会让你的句子变得

confusing or grammatically incorrect.

混乱或语法错误。

So, here's how to avoid them.

那么，这里是如何避免它们的方法。

Number one, confusing prepositional phrases as head nouns.

第一，混淆介词短语作为中心名词。

This happens when students mistakenly think that a prepositional

当学生错误地认为介词短语

phrase is the main part or the head noun of the noun phrase.

是名词短语的主要部分或中心名词时，就会发生这种情况。

Let me explain.

让我解释一下。

A prepositional phrase starts with a preposition like of, in, to.

介词短语以 of、in、to 等介词开头。

On, at, with, for, and it adds extra information about the noun.

On、at、with、for 以及它添加了有关名词的额外信息。

However, the head noun is always the central focus of the noun phrase.

然而，中心名词始终是名词短语的中心焦点。

It's not the preposition or the object of the preposition.

它不是介词或介词的宾语。

For example, The bouquet of flowers is beautiful.

例如，一束鲜花很美丽。

It would be wrong to think that the head noun here is flowers.

如果认为这里的中心名词是花，那就错了。

It would be correct to think that the head noun is bouquet.

认为中心名词是 bouquet 是正确的。

The prepositional phrase of flowers just gives more detail about the bouquet.

鲜花介词短语只是提供了有关花束的更多细节。

So if you remove the prepositional phrase, the sentence would still make sense.

因此，如果删除介词短语，该句子仍然有意义。

The bouquet is beautiful.

花束很漂亮。

Let's try it again.

让我们再试一次。

Here's another example.

这是另一个例子。

A bag of apples is on the table.

桌子上有一袋苹果。

It would be wrong to think that the head noun is Apples.

如果认为中心名词是苹果，那就错了。

It would be correct to think that the head noun is bag.

认为中心名词是 bag 是正确的。

The prepositional phrase of apples tells us what's inside the bag.

苹果的介词短语告诉我们袋子里装的是什么。

Let's practice.

我们来练习一下吧。

In the sentence, the box of chocolates is on the counter.

在这句话中，巧克力盒在柜台上。

What's the head noun?

中心名词是什么？

The box.

盒子。

Well done.

干得好。

Now the second mistake is forgetting the determiner.

现在第二个错误是忘记了限定词。

A determiner is a small but mighty word that comes before the noun and it tells us

限定词是一个位于名词之前的小而强大的单词，它告诉我们

if it's a specific noun or a general noun.

它是特定名词还是一般名词。

Examples of determiners include articles, so a, an, or the.

限定词的示例包括冠词 so a、an 或 the。

Possessives like my, your, their.

占有欲，如“我的”、“你的”、“他们的”。

Quantifiers, some, many, every, three.

量词，一些，许多，每一个，三个。

Here's why determiners matter.

这就是为什么决定因素很重要。

If you forget the determiner, your sentence can feel incomplete or unnatural.

如果您忘记了限定词，您的句子可能会感觉不完整或不自然。

For example, I saw fluffy dog.

例如，我看到毛茸茸的狗。

This is not correct and it sounds awkward.

这是不正确的，而且听起来很尴尬。

I saw a fluffy dog.

我看到一只毛茸茸的狗。

This is correct.

这是正确的。

The determiner, A, completes the noun phrase.

限定词 A 完成名词短语。

I saw a fluffy dog.

我看到一只毛茸茸的狗。

Here's another example.

这是另一个例子。

Big cake was on the table.

桌子上摆着一个大蛋糕。

It's incorrect and it sounds a bit abrupt.

这是不正确的，而且听起来有点唐突。

Here's the correct version.

这是正确的版本。

The big cake was on the table.

桌子上摆着一个大蛋糕。

The determiner, the, makes it clear we're talking about a specific cake.

限定词 the 清楚地表明我们正在谈论一个特定的蛋糕。

Even in informal speech, native speakers always use determiners in noun phrases.

即使在非正式演讲中，母语人士也总是在名词短语中使用限定词。

So make sure you include them.

所以请确保将它们包括在内。

Now here are some common situations where determiners are forgotten.

下面是一些忘记限定词的常见情况。

When you're describing items in a list.

当您描述列表中的项目时。

It wouldn't be right to say, I bought milk, bread, apple.

说“我买了牛奶、面包、苹果”是不对的。

It would be correct to say, I bought milk, bread, and an apple.

正确的说法是，我买了牛奶、面包和一个苹果。

Sometimes they're forgotten when using possessive determiners.

有时在使用所有格限定词时会忘记它们。

Teacher told us to submit homework.

老师叫我们交作业。

That would be incorrect.

那是不正确的。

If we add the determiners, it would be, The teacher told

如果我们加上限定词，那就是，老师叫

us to submit our homework.

我们交作业。

Now let's get creative.

现在让我们发挥创意。

I'm going to describe a situation and you'll create your own noun phrases.

我将描述一种情况，你将创建自己的名词短语。

Ready?

准备好？

Number one.

第一。

Describe your favourite food.

描述一下你最喜欢的食物。

For example, a big bowl of creamy pasta with melted cheese.

例如，一大碗带有融化奶酪的奶油意大利面。

Your turn.

轮到你了。

Pause the video and write your sentence in the comments.

暂停视频并在评论中写下您的句子。

Great.

伟大的。

Number two.

第二。

Now describe a family member.

现在描述一位家庭成员。

For example, my cheerful little brother with messy hair.

比如我的弟弟，性格开朗，头发凌乱。

Your turn.

轮到你了。

Remember to pause the video, write your sentence in the comments.

记得暂停视频，在评论中写下你的句子。

I can't wait to read them.

我迫不及待地想读它们。

Good.

好的。

Now you've done that, let's end with some fun examples of noun phrases.

现在您已经完成了，让我们以一些有趣的名词短语示例结束。

Can you spot them?

你能发现它们吗？

A grumpy cat wearing a bow tie refused to play.

一只戴着领结的脾气暴躁的猫拒绝玩耍。

Number 2.

第二，

A shiny red car parked outside the cafe caught my eye.

咖啡馆外面停着一辆闪亮的红色汽车引起了我的注意。

Number 3.

第三，

The delicious smell of freshly baked bread filled the air.

空气中弥漫着新鲜出炉的面包的香味。

The answers are.

答案是。

The grumpy cat wearing a bow tie.

脾气暴躁的猫戴着领结。

A shiny car parked outside the cafe.

咖啡馆外面停着一辆闪闪发亮的汽车。

And the delicious smell of freshly baked bread.

还有新鲜出炉的面包的美味。

Okay, final challenge.

好吧，最后的挑战。

Your mission is to write a short story with at least three noun phrases.

你的任务是写一个至少包含三个名词短语的短篇故事。

For example, Yesterday, I saw a tall man with a green umbrella

例如，昨天，我看到一个打着绿色雨伞的高个子男人

standing near a shiny red car.

站在一辆闪亮的红色汽车旁边。

He was holding a box of chocolates which he gave to a little girl in a pink dress.

他手里拿着一盒巧克力，送给了一个穿粉色裙子的小女孩。

I want you to post your stories in the comments and use the free worksheet

我希望您在评论中发布您的故事，并使用

that's linked below to keep practicing.

下面链接的免费工作表继续练习。

Noun phrases don't have to be scary, they're just a way to

名词短语不一定是可怕的，它们只是

add more detail to your English and make your sentences shine.

为你的英语添加更多细节并使你的句子闪闪发光的一种方式。

If you enjoyed this lesson then please take one second to give me a like and

如果您喜欢本课程，请花一点时间给我点赞，

subscribe if you want to see more.

如果您想了解更多内容，请订阅。

Your next step is to understand prepositional phrases.

下一步是理解介词短语。

So join me in this lesson to learn more.

因此，请加入我的本课程以了解更多信息。

I'll see you in the next video.

我们将在下一个视频中见到您。

Take care and goodbye.

保重，再见。