Dignity isn't a privilege. It's a worker's right | Abigail Disney

譯者: Shengmin Huang 審譯者: Amanda Zhu

Of all the characters in all the Disney films

在迪士尼的動畫電影世界中

the one I love the most is Jiminy Cricket from "Pinocchio."

我最喜愛角色莫過於 「木偶奇遇記」中的吉米尼蟋蟀。

My favorite scene in the movie

我最喜歡的電影片段

is when the blue fairy is saying to Pinocchio,

發生在藍衣仙姑和皮諾丘的對話中，

"Always let your conscience be your guide."

她說：「時時刻刻 讓你的良知為你指路。」

Pinocchio asks, "What are conscience?"

皮諾丘問：「良知是什麼？」

and Jiminy Cricket is scandalized by the question.

這個問題激惱了吉米尼蟋蟀。

"What are conscience!

「良知是什麼！

What are conscience!

良知是什麼！

Conscience is that still, small voice that people won't listen to.

良知是人們不願聽從的 那平靜而微弱的聲音。

That's just the trouble with the world today."

這正是當今世界所面臨的困擾。」

I love the way Jiminy Cricket is always there

我喜歡吉米尼蟋蟀，

因為他總能帶著古板的道德觀

with a nerdy, ethical thing

just as Pinocchio's coming up with some kind of good plan.

打斷皮諾丘的如意小算盤。

I think of him as speaking truth to puppet.

我認為對木偶道真理 無異於對牛彈琴。

I always wondered what it was about Jiminy Cricket

我一直在思考自己為什麼

that made me love him so much

會如此喜愛吉米尼蟋蟀，

and one day it hit me.

終於有一天我明白了。

It was because he sounds like my grandfather.

因為他的語氣很像我的祖父。

My grandfather was a very sweet and cuddly man,

我的祖父是一個和藹可親的人，

and I loved him to the moon and back.

我對他的愛貫徹寰宇。

But I shared him with a big, wide world.

但我得跟全世界分享他。

His name was Roy O. Disney,

他的名字叫洛伊· O ·迪士尼 ，

and together with his younger brother Walt Disney,

和他的弟弟華特·迪士尼

he came from a very humble upbringing in Kansas

一起從堪薩斯州的 一個卑微的家庭起步，

and started and ran one of the most iconic businesses in the world.

經營了這世上最具代表性的 其中一個企業帝國。

Two things I remember the best about going to Disneyland

祖父帶我去迪士尼樂園遊玩時，

有兩件事讓我印象深刻。

with my grandfather.

The first thing was he always gave me a stern warning

首先，他總會對我嚴詞告誡，

that if I ever sassed anybody who worked there,

如果我對任何員工頤指氣使，

I was in deep doo-doo when we got home.

我回到家後皮就要繃緊一點了。

He said, "these people work really hard --

他說：「這些人辛勤工作，

harder than you can imagine,

付出的努力非你能想像，

and they deserve your respect."

他們值得你去尊敬。」

The other is that he never walked by a piece of garbage,

另外，他絕不會對 腳邊的垃圾視而不見，

inside of Disneyland or anywhere else,

無論是樂園園區內還是其它地方，

where he didn't bend over to pick it up.

只要看到垃圾他就會躬身拾起。

He said, "no one's too good to pick up a piece of garbage."

他說，「無論你多高貴 都沒理由不拾起垃圾。」

In Grandpa's day,

在祖父那個年代，

a job at Disneyland was not a gig.

迪士尼的工作可不是打臨時工。

A person could expect to own a home,

員工的各種期盼：

買房、養家、

raise a family,

access decent health care,

獲取優質健保，

retire in some security without worrying

以及有保障、無憂無慮的退休生活，

on just what he earned there at the park.

都可透過在園區工作實現。

Mind you, Grandpa fought the unions,

重點是，祖父對抗過工會，

and he fought them hard.

他在對抗中不遺餘力。

He said he didn't like to be forced

他說他不願被人強迫去做

to do something he wanted to do voluntarily.

那些他本就自願去做的事。

That was rank paternalism of course and maybe even a tiny bit of BS.

那是種階級父權主義， 甚至有點蠻不講理。

He wasn't an angel,

他不是什麼大善人，

and everyone wasn't well and fairly treated across the company,

且並非公司內所有人 都能受到平等公正的對待，

something that's well-known.

這件事人盡皆知。

But I think in his core he had a very deep commitment

但我認為他在內心深處 堅守著一個理念：

to the idea that he had a moral obligation to every human being that worked for him.

他對每個員工都有道義上的責任。

That actually wasn't such an uncommon attitude for CEOs of the day.

在那個年代，企業執行長 往往都是這種態度。

But when my grandfather died in 1971,

但 1971 年，我祖父過世時，

a new mindset was beginning to take hold

一種全新的思維方式興起，

of the American and eventually the global imagination.

並逐漸掌控住了全美國 乃至全世界的思潮。

Jiminy Cricket got shown the door by economist Milton Friedman,

吉米尼蟋蟀被各式人物拒之門外，

among others,

其中就有經濟學家米爾頓·佛利民，

who popularized the idea of shareholder primacy.

他們推崇的理念是「股東至上」。

Now, shareholder primacy is a pretty reasonable idea when you think about it.

如今來看，「股東至上」的理念 確實經得起推敲。

Shareholders own the company,

公司歸股東所有，

shareholders want profits and growth,

股東們想要的是利潤與增長，

so therefore you prioritize profits and growth.

所以人們就把重點 放在利潤與增長上。

Very sensible.

很有道理。

But unfortunately, shareholder primacy was an idea that became a mindset

但很不幸，「股東至上」 這種思維方式剛一形成，

and then that mindset jumped the rails,

就偏離了軌道，

and it came to fundamentally alter everything

進而從根本上

about the way companies and even governments

徹底改變了領導 及管理公司及政府的方式。

were led and managed.

Milton Friedman's pivotal op-ed in the "New York Times"

米爾頓·佛利民在「紐約時報」 專欄中發表的核心社論，

was followed by decades of concerted organizing and lobbying

使得此後的數十年， 認為企業至上的激進份子

by business-focused activists

一致團結地運作和進行遊說，

along with a sustained assault on every law and regulation

同時還不斷地在抨擊那些

that had once held businesses' worst impulses in check.

對企業的惡性作為 有所約束的法律條令。

And soon enough,

很快，

this new mindset had taken hold across every business school

這種全新的思維方式 佔領了每一所商學院

and across every sector.

以及每一塊商業領域。

Profits were to be pursued by any means necessary,

為求利益可以不擇手段：

unions were kneecapped,

將工會斷手斷腳、

taxes were slashed,

大幅度砍稅，

and with the same machete,

砍稅的開山刀，

so was the safety net.

也同時將員工的保障砍掉了。

I don't need to tell you about the inequality

這種轉變所帶來的不公平

that's been the result of these shifts.

無須我再贅述。

We all know the story well.

我們心知肚明。

The bottom line is that everything that turns a gig into a livelihood

最重要的是，對於一名 普通的美國員工而言，

was stripped away from an American worker.

維持生計的工作變得 和臨時工沒什麼區別。

Job security,

職業的穩定性、

paid sick days,

有薪病假、

vacation time --

年假——

all of that went away

這一切都被剝奪了，

even as the wealthy saw their net worths bloat to unprecedented,

而富人的淨資產漲幅之高前所未有，

and yes, unusable levels.

是的，錢多到了花不完的地步。

Although if you're Scrooge McDuck you could change it all into gold coins

當然，假如你是史高治·麥克老鴨 （迪士尼卡通角色），

你可以把錢都換成金幣， 然後躺在金幣堆上游泳。

and backstroke through it.

So let me just address the Dumbo in the room.

讓我把話說清楚。

Yes, I am criticizing the company that bears my family's name.

沒錯，我所批評的正是 這家冠以我祖姓的公司。

Yes, I think Disney can do better.

沒錯，我認為迪士尼做得不夠好。

And I believe that many of the thousands of magnificent people

我相信華特迪士尼公司的 眾多員工跟我一樣，

who work at the Walt Disney Company

wish that it would do better just as much as I do.

都希望公司可以做到更好。

For almost a century,

近一個世紀以來，

Disney has turned a pretty profit

迪士尼公司的斂財之道不外乎：

on the idea that families are a kind of magic,

宣揚「家庭如魔法」、

that love is important,

宣揚「有愛當道」、

that imaginations matter.

宣揚「想像力至上」。

That's why it turns your stomach a little bit

所以如果我跟你們說， 仙杜芮拉上了車就睡大覺，

when I tell you that Cinderella might be sleeping in her car.

你多少會有點反胃。

But let's be very clear: this is not just about Disney.

但先把話說清楚：這不能只怪迪士尼。

This is structural and this is systemic.

這是結構性與系統性的問題。

No single CEO on his own is culpable

光靠一個執行長孤掌難鳴，

and no single company has the wherewithal to buck this.

光靠一家公司獨木難支。

The analysts, the pundits,

分析員、「專家」、

the politicians,

政客、

the business school curricula and the social norms

商學院課程，以及社會規範

drive the shape of the contemporary economy.

促成了當代經濟的形式。

Disney is just doing what everybody else does,

迪士尼不過是在隨波逐流，

and they're not even the worst offender.

而且迪士尼還不是最惡劣的。

If I told you how bad it was for workers at Amazon or McDonald's or Walmart,

如果我告訴你們亞馬遜、 麥當勞、或者沃爾瑪，

or any one of a thousand other places you've never heard of,

或是千千萬萬你們聞所未聞的 公司員工的情況有多糟，

it's not going to hit you as viscerally as if I tell you that 73 percent,

你們是感受不到的，除非我告訴你

迪士尼有 73%～75% 的工作人員 每日面帶微笑歡迎你入場、

or three out of four of the people who smile when you walk in,

who help you comfort that crying baby,

幫助你哄嬰兒、

who maybe help you have the best vacation you ever have,

為你創造最精彩的假日回憶，

can't consistently put food on the table.

但自己卻過著三餐不繼的生活。

It's supposed to be the happiest place on earth.

這本該是世界上最快樂的地方。

And the people who work there take incredible pride

在這裡工作的人本該為 這份有著高尚目標的工作

that they pursue a higher purpose.

感到無比自豪。

It's a higher purpose

這份高尚，

that both my grandfather and great-uncle very intentionally built

是我的祖父輩在打造 這個交流重於交易的樂園時，

when they made it a place that honors an interaction over a transaction.

有意塑造的目標。

Now, I know that a word like magic makes you wonder

我知道說出「魔法」這類詞語，

if I've taken leave of my senses.

會讓人覺得我在胡言亂語；

I know it's hard to imagine that something as ephemeral as love

我知道用「愛」這類飄忽不定的東西 來支撐迪士尼這樣的大品牌，

can support a brand as big as Disney,

是件很難想像的事；

and I know that it's hard to imagine

我也知道

that things as unquantifiable as moral obligations

在我們向投資人闡述價值觀時，

should have any call on us

很難想像我們應該如何呼籲

when we seek to deliver value to our investors.

「道德義務」這類無法量化的事物。

But accounting and finance don't run the world.

但讓世界運作的可不是會計與金融。

Beliefs,

信念、

mindsets --

思維方式——

those are what drive business ethics.

這些東西驅使著商業道德觀。

And if we're going to change those mindsets and belief systems,

如果我們真要去改變這些 思維的方式與信念的體系，

we're going to have to use the most Disney superpower out there.

我們肯定要動用最具有 迪士尼風格的「超能力」——

We're going to have to use our imaginations.

我們的想像力。

You're going to have to invite Jiminy Cricket back to the party.

人們須再把吉米尼蟋蟀請回來。

Now, Jiminy Cricket might start with some low-hanging fruit,

屆時吉米尼蟋蟀會先說一些廢話，

like, greed is not good,

例如「不要貪得無厭」，

like the world is not divided into makers and takers,

例如「世上並非只有付出與索求」，

and that nobody ever,

再例如：

without any help,

「沒有助力，

pulled themselves up by their own bootstraps --

人不可能把自己舉起來」——

if you know anything about physics you'll understand why that is.

這道理學過物理的人都懂。

Jiminy might remind us that every single person who works for us,

吉米尼蟋蟀會提醒我們， 每一個為我們工作的人，

without exception,

無一例外，

whether they fill out the spreadsheets

無論是文書工作者，

or change the bedsheets,

還是體力工作者，

deserves the respect and dignity of living wage.

都值得尊重並帶著尊嚴養家。

It's as simple as that.

就這麼簡單。

And Jiminy might wonder how managers and employees

或許吉米尼蟋蟀會納悶， 管理階層和員工

could possibly have any kind of empathy for each other

怎麼可能互相有同理心，

when their workplaces have become so segregated

因為他們的工作環境天差地別，

that it seems normal and natural

以致於人們會自然而然地認為

that an executive needs an especially swanky place to park

高層領導都需要有奢華的停車位

or eat or go to the bathroom

或是奢華的餐廳、盥洗間，

or that an executive is too good to pick up a piece of garbage.

也不會屈就地拾起腳邊的垃圾。

We are, after all, just the one species living together on just the one planet.

我們畢竟是生活在 同一星球上的同一物種。

Jiminy might ask us to question some of our dogma.

或許吉米尼蟋蟀會讓我們 去質疑我們的一部分信條。

Does a CEO really need to be paid as much or more than every other CEO

一個執行長的收入有沒有必要 與其他執行長相同甚至更多？

or is that just creating a competitive dynamic

還是說這只會帶來競爭態勢

that's driving numbers into the stratosphere?

從而致使他們的收入變成天文數字？

He might wonder if boards really do know all that they really need to know

或許吉米尼蟋蟀會想知道， 既然董事會議不讓前線員工參與，

when they don't have frontline workers ever at their meetings.

董事們是否真正了解公司呢？

He might ask if there's such a thing as too much money.

或許吉米尼蟋蟀會問：錢會嫌多嗎？

Or he might wonder if maybe we can make common cause

或許吉米尼蟋蟀也會納悶

如何讓我們與攜手、員工、

with consumers, with workers,

with companies, with communities,

企業、社區

for all of us to come together

攜手共創一份事業，

to redefine this incredibly narrow idea

以此重新定義公司在過去

of what the purpose of a company really is.

所追求的狹隘目標。

Jiminy would want us to remember that nobody works in a vacuum,

吉米尼蟋蟀會希望我們記住 工作環境不可能沒有別人，

that the men and women who run companies

經營公司的男男女女的舉動

actively cocreate the reality we all have to share.

共建了我們所共處的現實環境。

And just like with global warming,

就如同全球氣候暖化，

we are, each of us, responsible for the collective consequences

我們每一個人都要為各自的決定及行為

of our individual decisions and actions.

所產生的共同後果負責。

I believe that the most profitable business ecosystem

我相信我們這個史上最能獲利的

in the history of the world

企業生態

can do better.

可以做到更好。

I believe we can take just a little bit off of the upside,

我相信我們無需事事力爭上游，

take a tiny bit of pressure off the speed at which things are happening.

無需時時爭先恐後。

I believe that everything we lose in the short-term

我想信我們在短期內的所有損失

will more than make up for itself

都將在道德、精神、金融等

in an expanded landscape of moral, spiritual and financial prosperity.

更廣闊的領域裡換來更大的繁榮。

I know what the cynics say, and it's true:

我知道那些憤世嫉俗的 言論，他們沒說錯：

you can't eat your principles.

原則不能當飯吃。

But you can't breathe a basis point either,

但也不能把錢看得太重，

and neither can your children.

我們的後輩也是如此。

I know I idolized my grandfather probably too much.

我知道我可能太過崇拜我的祖父了。

He worked in very different times

他工作的時代和現在大不相同，

and those are times none of us want to go back to

而出於種種原因，

for all kinds of good reasons.

沒人會希望回到那個時代。

I know there are a lot of CEOs today who are just as well-meaning

我知道許多執行長 其實有著良善的本意，

and just as decent as my grandfather was,

而且都和我祖父一樣正派，

but they're working at a time with very different expectations

但他們所處的時代對他們有不同的期許，

and much more cutthroat context.

他們也必須面對野蠻的競爭。

But here's the good news.

但好消息還是有的：

Expectations and contexts are made

期許與環境因人而生，

and they can be unmade, too.

也會因人而滅。

There is so much to learn from the simple integrity

光是我祖父從自己工作中 所領悟到的正直，

of how my grandfather understood his job as CEO.

就值得我們多多學習。

Behind every theme park and every stuffed animal,

在每個主題公園與絨毛玩具背後，

a handful of principles governed everything.

歷歷可數的原則管理著一切。

Every single person deserves respect and dignity.

每一個人都應當得到尊敬和尊嚴。

No one is too good to pick up a piece of garbage,

無論你多高貴 都沒理由不去拾起垃圾，

and always let conscience be your guide.

時刻讓良知為你指路。

We could all do worse than listen to Jiminy Cricket.

我們不如都來聽聽 吉米尼蟋蟀會怎麼說。

Thank you.

謝謝。