The Magic of a Creative Career | Michael Sheen | TED

譯者: Ronnie Z 審譯者: Shelley Tsang 曾雯海

I didn't want to miss this opportunity

我不想錯過這個機會

to be able to tell you a couple of stories that I hope you might enjoy.

能夠告訴你們幾個 我希望你們會喜歡的故事

The first one is about the town where I come from.

第一個是關於我出身的小鎮

It's called Port Talbot in South Wales.

是南威爾斯的塔爾伯特港

It's sort of, I guess, famous for a couple of things.

我想它因為一些事物而聞名

It's got a steelworks.

那邊有煉鋼廠

It's a sort of mainly working-class town built up around the steelworks,

這是個工人階級的小鎮 以煉鋼廠

big council estate to house the workers there

以及住在大型公有住宅的工人 所建立而成

that my grandparents grew up on

我的祖父母就是在這樣的環境下長大

and my parents grew up on as well.

我的父母也是

And it's also, I suppose, known for, weirdly, actors.

而我假設，很奇怪地， 這件事在演員界也很著名

And I said that this story was going to be about the town.

我說過，這個故事是關於這座小鎮

It's actually about a couple of people who come from the town.

其實這是個關於幾個來自這個小鎮的人的故事

So this first story was told to me, it's from the horse's mouth.

我第一個聽到的故事 來自可靠的消息來源

So one of the legendary sons of Port Talbot

其中一位塔爾伯特港的傳奇人物

is of course, the great actor Richard Burton.

也就是偉大的演員，李察．波頓

And the story goes that Richard Burton,

故事是這樣的 李察．波頓

at the height of his fame,

在功成名就後

came back to Port Talbot

回到了塔爾伯特港

and was staying at his elder sister's house, Cissy,

待在他姊姊希熙的家

who actually raised him in Port Talbot.

而正是他姊姊在塔爾伯特港將他撫養長大

And they were there, in Cissy's house in Port Talbot,

當他們在塔爾伯特港，希熙的家時

and there was a knock on the door

響起了一陣敲門聲

and Cissy went to open the door.

希熙跑去開了門

And it was a young, young lad.

結果是一位年輕小伙子

And he said, this young lad said, "Is, is Richard Burton there?"

這位年輕小伙子說： 「請問，請問李察．波頓在嗎？」

And Cissy was like,

所以希熙就說

"Richie, come, there's a lad here to see you."

「李察，有個小伙子想見你。」

So Richard Burton comes down

於是李察．波頓下樓

and this young lad's standing there looking at him,

這位年輕小伙子就站在那兒看著他

"It's the great Richard Burton."

「這就是偉大的李察．波頓呀。」

And Cissy says, "This young lad wants an autograph."

希熙接著說： 「這位年輕小伙子想要簽名。」

And Burton said, "Do you speak Welsh?"

而波頓說： 「你會說威爾斯語嗎？」

The lad was like, "No."

小伙子就說：「不，我不會。」

"Well, not a proper Welshman then."

「那你就不是個稱職的威爾斯人。」

And Cissy says,

希熙於是說

"This little lad is the son of the bakers round the corner,

「這小傢伙是轉角那間烘焙坊的兒子

down from where the Regent Cinema is."

就在麗晶電影院下去一點」

And Burton said to this little lad,

接著波頓對這名小傢伙說

"I used to work at the co-op just up the road from the cinema.

「我曾在那家電影院上去一點的合作企業工作過

I was hopeless."

我當時毫無希望」

And this little lad couldn't believe that he got his autograph.

這名小伙子不敢相信自己拿到了他的簽名

And this little lad grew up into a man who told me

他長大後告訴我

that not only was this an extraordinary moment for him,

不只是因為這個瞬間對他來說很特別

because it was Richard Burton who was doing on the biggest stage

因為這個人是李察．波頓 是站在最大舞台上的人

what he hoped that he would do when he grew up,

而這個舞台正是他夢寐以求的舞台

but also because this little lad felt like --

另一個原因是這個小傢伙感覺

he was always told he was a bit stupid,

大家總是說他有點笨

a bit “twp,” as we’d say in Wales.

用威爾斯話說就是有一點「愚蠢」

And Richard Burton, the great Richard Burton,

而李察．波頓， 這個偉大的李察．波頓

saying that he was always a bit hopeless as well,

竟然也說他一直以來都不抱希望

gave him such hope.

這件事反倒給了小伙子希望

Now, that little lad grew up to be Anthony Hopkins.

現在，那個小伙子長大成人， 正是安東尼．霍普金斯

And Anthony Hopkins told me that story

安東尼．霍普金斯告訴我這個故事

and I, me, myself, growing up in Port Talbot,

而我，本人，在塔爾伯特港長大

it was knowing out there had been Richard Burton

我了解其他地方也有李察．波頓這樣的人

and out there now was Anthony Hopkins,

也有安東尼．霍普金斯這樣的人

two people who came from the same town as me,

兩個和我來自同樣小鎮的人

who sounded like me a bit,

有著聽起來和我有點像、

who looked a bit like me, but were out there.

看起來和我有點像的人

If it was possible for them,

這對他們來說都是有可能的

then maybe it would be possible for me.

或許對我來說也是有可能的

Now, that is an incredibly important thing.

那是件非常非常重要的事

To see your background,

回首你的背景

your experience, your history represented out there in the world,

你的經驗、你在這世界上展現的過往

having a voice, speaking on a platform,

擁有權力、在某個平台上演說

doing the things that perhaps you hope that you would be able to do.

做或許你希望你能夠做到的事

If you can't see yourself out there

如果你不能因此看到你自己

or anyone who looks like you or sounds like you,

或是任何看起來、聽起來像你的人

it's very hard to imagine that you'll be able to do that as well.

你很難想像你也辦得到

And that’s one part of what was incredibly important,

這是非常重要的其中一件事

I've realized over the years,

我過去幾年意識到

of what was incredibly important about me being able

對我來說無比重要的事

to have the life and the opportunities

是能夠擁有我曾有過的

and the career that I've had.

生活、機會和職業

But it's only one part.

但這只是一部份

I've realized more and more as time has gone on

我發現隨著時間流逝

how much I owe

我有多麼將一切事物 和我曾有過的機會

everything, all the opportunities I've had, to other people

歸功於他人

and the work of other people.

以及他人的功勞

I come from an incredibly supportive family.

我的家庭非常的支持我們

All my family were into performing in some way,

我所有家人某方面都很喜歡表演

amateur performing in some way,

某方面業餘的表演

so I knew from a very early age that it was something that you could do

所以我很小就知道 這就是你所能做的

and that you got, sort of, brownie points for.

你會因此得到讚許

So that was important.

這很重要

And as time went on,

就算時間流逝

my family were always there to take me to school rehearsals in the evening,

我的家人總是在傍晚帶著我到學校排練

youth theater, whatever it might be.

或是到青少年劇院，無論何種地方

They'd come and see me in any performance I was doing,

他們會任何我參與的表演來看我

and that meant a lot.

而這意義重大

It's meant a lot more to me as time has gone on,

隨著時間過去 這對我的意義更加重大

because, of course, I took everything for granted,

當然因為我視一切為理所當然

didn't I, at the time.

但我當時並不這樣想

But having that supportive family was incredibly important.

但有一個支持你的家庭是至關重要的

And coming from a community,

而且來自一個社區

a working-class community, like Port Talbot, a steel town,

一個工人階級的社區 像是鋼鐵小鎮這樣的塔爾伯特港

it's not somewhere that you would expect to be that supportive of people

這個地方不會讓你期望 有人會支持你

going into the poncy arts, you know.

去做娘娘腔的藝術，你懂得

But Richard Burton had done it, Anthony Hopkins had done it,

但李察．波頓卻成功了 安東尼．霍普金斯成功了

and there was a kind of nobility to it.

這就變得有點高貴了

There was certainly a respectability to it and a respect for what they had done.

這在某個程度上值得尊敬 他們的所作所為值得敬佩

And so that made a big difference.

這因此造成了重大的改變

But in some ways, I think the most important part

但某方面而言， 我認為最重要的部分是

was that I was able to do performances in school, drama in school,

我可以在學校進行表演、 在學校演出戲劇

and then I auditioned for a youth theater, local youth theater.

然後我參加了當地青年劇院的試鏡

It was the county youth theater.

那是個鄉下的青年劇院

And again, at the time I took it all for granted.

重申一次，我當時視一切為理所當然

But now I look back and I can see that there was an incredibly ...

但我現在回頭看 我能夠看到有驚人的...

powerful youth arts infrastructure that had grown up in the area.

強力的青年藝術建設在當地成長

Not by chance.

這不是偶然

It hadn't happened randomly.

這不是隨機發生的

It was because one man, man called Godfrey Evans,

而是有一位名叫格弗雷．埃文斯的人

who was a teacher at the Comprehensive School

他是位普通中學的老師

on the Sandfields estate,

任職於桑菲爾德工業區

that was the estate that housed the steelworkers families,

鋼鐵工人的家人就住在那

he had created an incredibly kind of, progressive, liberal

他在那間普通中學建立了令人難以置信的

theater program in that comprehensive school

正在進步中的自由劇院計畫

and eventually that spread to the entire county.

最終傳播至整個縣

And he became the chief adviser of county ...

而他則成了該縣的首席顧問

of drama and dance in the county

負責該縣的戲劇和和舞蹈

and created the youth theater that I was a product of,

並成立青年劇院，也就是我出身的地方

that Russell T. Davies was a product of, many, many people.

也是羅素．T．戴維斯和其他許多人的出身之處

The youth dance company that Catherine Zeta-Jones was a product of,

青年舞蹈公司的凱瑟琳．澤塔．瓊斯

the orchestra, the brass band.

則出身於管弦樂團的銅管樂隊

It was an incredible diverse array of art,

藝術的種類繁雜無比

all funded through the education system.

全都是透過教育系統的贊助

And I was absolutely a product of that.

我當然也是被贊助的一部份

And I joined the youth theater.

而我加入了青年劇院

And at a certain point,

重點是

everyone in our youth theater just auditioned for drama schools,

我們青年劇院中的每個人， 都去戲劇學校試鏡了

got in, went off to drama schools in London,

他們錄取，啟程去倫敦的戲劇學校

went into the profession.

朝著專業前進

I never questioned it.

我從來沒有質疑過

I didn't think that was strange or odd in any way.

我完全不覺得這有什麼奇怪的

It was just like, that's what happened.

我當時想，事情就是這樣啊

And so that's what I did.

因此我也是這樣

And I got a grant to be able to go to RADA in London

我獲得補助能夠去倫敦的皇家藝術戲劇學院

and came to RADA and then left RADA,

我去到該戲劇學院’、離開那裡

went straight into the West End

直奔倫敦西區

doing a play with Vanessa Redgrave,

和凡妮莎．蕾格列芙女士一起演戲

never looked back.

從未回頭

As time has gone on,

隨著時間過去

I've seen that pathway, let's call it, disappear.

我見到了過去走過的路， 我們姑且說這條路不見了

So I know that if I was around now,

所以我知道，如果我回頭

starting off, that pathway wouldn't be there.

重新開始，那條路就不會存在

And I had tremendous advantages,

我現在才發現

I realize now,

我的冒險極為美好

with family, community, all kinds of things.

有家人、社群、各種事物

And it does make me worry that not only has my pathway disappeared,

這確實讓我擔心 不只有我走過的路會消失

my school stopped doing drama, school closed down eventually,

還有我學校不再演出戲劇 最終學校會結束營業

the youth theater lost its funding.

青年劇院會失去贊助

Grants weren't available anymore for people to go to drama school.

人們不再願意去戲劇學校

So I've seen my footsteps kind of disappear.

所以我發現我的足跡有點消失了

And if someone like myself, with all the advantages I had,

如果有人像我一樣 有這樣的冒險

wouldn't be able to do it,

將會無法進行這些活動

what about the kids who are out there who don’t have those advantages,

那那些無法進行這些活動的孩子怎麼辦

who don't have maybe a family

或許他們沒有家人

who can take them to youth theater rehearsals

可以帶他們到青年劇院進行排練

or you know, whatever it might be.

或者是任何其他因素

Don't have a school that pushed them,

沒有學校推他們一把

don’t have that kind of infrastructure there

沒有那些基礎建設

to create that pathway for them,

去創造屬於他們的路

what happens to them?

他們會發生什麼事?

And then that leads to a bigger question, I suppose,

我假設這會導致更大的問題

of, if young people,

如果年輕人

coming from certain kinds of working-class backgrounds,

他的家庭背景是工人階級

aren't able to come through into the arts,

將會無法經歷這些藝術性的事物

I mean, I was an actor,

我的意思是，我曾是個演員

but it could be anything within the arts or creative industries

但藝術或創意產業有很多事情可以體驗

or journalism, writing.

或是記者、寫作

The conversation that we have as a country,

我們做為一個縣市所產生的對話

as a nation, as a community,

做為一個國家、社區所產生的對話

what is that conversation like if we're only hearing from the people

如果我們只聽進那些 可以負擔這些經歷的人的聲音

who are able to afford to get through

聽他們的想法跟聲音

to the point where they get to speak, get to have a voice?

那對話會變得如何?

It makes that conversation incredibly one-sided.

這會讓對話變得極為單面

I mean, there are figures that I can quote you

我想說的是，我可以舉出許多例子

that I'll just keep to a few.

我剛好有一些例子可以舉

But the Office of National Statistics reported a few years back

但英國國家統計局前幾年報導出

that of all writers in Britain,

英國所有的作家中

47 percent

有百分之47

came from the most privileged social starting points,

來自最具優勢的社會背景

compared to 10 percent coming from working-class backgrounds.

相較之下，只有百分之10 來自工產階級

The Sutton Trust report in 2019 said that of newspaper columnists --

薩頓信託在2019年指出 報紙專欄作家中...

so these are people who've really got a big part to play

這些人對於代表我們國家發言

in setting what our national conversation is,

佔了非常大的部分

newspaper columnist across the political spectrum --

包括政治色彩的報紙專欄作家

44 percent of those newspaper columnists

這些專欄作家中有百分之44

come from independent schools,

來自私立學校

whereas only seven percent of the population generally

但是一般而言只有百分之7的人口

go to independent schools.

會去上私立學校

So there’s a massive overrepresentation there.

所以他們極具過度代表性

And of those newspaper columnists,

而且這些報紙專欄作家

33 percent, one in three, are part of that independent school,

有百分之33，也就是1/3的途徑管道 是私立學校的一部分

Oxbridge, pathway pipeline.

像是牛津劍橋

And those are the people who are, you know,

這些人

have an enormous part to play in setting what our conversation is.

在對談中佔了極大的部分

You know, who gets to speak,

他們有權力說話

who gets to tell their story

他們可以訴說他們的故事

and how does it get told.

並決定故事要怎麼說

And if that pathway is there

如果有管道

for people coming through independent schools and through Oxbridge,

人們可以去上私立學校，上牛津劍橋

and that's not just into acting or writing,

不只是演戲或寫作

that's across the top jobs across our whole nation,

而是能參與整個國家的所有頂尖工作

where are those other pathways

對於不是出身於這些背景的人而言

for people who are not coming from those sorts of backgrounds?

其他的管道在哪裡?

It's so important that we start early to create those pathways.

我們越早開始創造我們的路是非常重要的

In some ways, I feel like it's too late by the time you're 18, 19

就某些情況而言 我認為18, 19歲才開始已經太晚了

out in the world.

在這個世界上

How do you get people,

你要怎麼讓人們

young people, young kids,

年輕人、幼童

to feel like there's something out there for them,

認為他們有什麼未來可言

that they see themselves represented and know that it's possible,

他們看到自己具代表性並知道這是有可能發生的

as Anthony Hopkins did with Richard Burton, as I did with them?

就像安東尼．霍普金斯跟隨李察．波頓一樣 就像我跟隨他們一樣?

And how do you then create the pathway from that moment?

你要怎麼在那個時機為他們創造一條路?

And let's say that that moment happens

假設這個時機發生在

where you see the possibility for you doing something.

你看見你做某件事的潛力

Where is that yellow brick road that goes from there

從你真正加入夢寐以求的產業開始

all the way to actually getting into the industry that you want to be in?

成功之路在哪?

If that pathway doesn't exist,

如果這條路不存在

because it certainly exists for some people,

因為這條路是為某些特定人士而存在

but it doesn't exist for you

但這條路不是為你存在

because of some accident of birth and geography,

因為某些意外或地理因素

what happens then?

那之後會發生什麼事?

There will always be individuals

總會有人

who are able to break through in some way

能夠用某些方式打破現況

or get support and become the exception to the rule.

或是得到支持並成為這些規則中的例外

But how do we change structurally our system

但是我們要如何結構性的改變我們的體制

so that it's not just about individuals breaking through,

讓這情況不只是某個人打破規則

that everyone gets the same opportunity?

而是每個人都有同等的機會?

So I found myself sitting at my kitchen table

所以我在第一次疫情封鎖時

during the first lockdown, talking to Professor Katy Shaw

坐在廚房餐桌前跟Katy Shaw教授討論

about a project that she had been involved with,

有關她參與的一個計劃

that I was incredibly inspired by, the Common People project.

我強烈受到 普通人計畫(the Common People project)的啟發

I suddenly had a grandiose vision

我突然有個雄偉的願景

of supporting people coming from working-class backgrounds,

支持那些來自工產階級的人們

underrepresented backgrounds,

未被充分代表的背景

in storytelling.

來訴說他們的故事

And we started to hammer out an idea for a project

我們開始著手一個計劃的想法

that could go out into communities

可以深入社區及城鎮

and towns and look for those people.

去尋找這樣的人

We started to think about a project

我們開始想一個計劃

where people were given the opportunity,

人們可以獲得機會

asked to get involved

受邀參與其中

and that were then supported through it

並受到完整的支持

and would get mentors.

且獲得指導

So people who've already made a mark in the industry

這樣已經在業界有亮眼成績

and the areas that they wanted to,

以及有想要成功的領域的人們

helping them, supporting them,

我們幫助他們、支持他們

advising them, giving them a bit of confidence

提出建議，給他們一點信心

and then to create a platform for what came out of it

並創造一個能讓他們出身的平台

to be shared nationally

能向全國分享

and to try and influence industry.

並嘗試及影響該產業

And, whether it's publishers or, you know,

並且替不論是出版商

broadcasters or whoever it might be, to open their doors.

或是播報員，或是任何人 打開大門

And first of all, to acknowledge the difficulties and the obstacles

首先要了解他們所遇到的困難和障礙

and then encourage people to come in.

並鼓勵人們參加

To renew us,

讓我們更新資訊

to hear voices that we've not heard from historically.

讓我們聽見歷史上沒聽見的聲音

And to hear of those experiences and those stories

並傾聽這些經驗及故事

told by themselves

都是由他們親口訴說的

rather than having their story told at them or to them.

而不是聽別人說他們的故事

That people are able to actually tell their own stories.

這些人能夠真的訴說自己的故事

And we believed that that would be an incredibly powerful thing,

我們相信這會是一件很有影響力的事

not only for the individuals involved, but for all of us.

不只是對參與者，而是對我們所有人而言

And so A Writing Chance was born through that conversation, really.

所以透過那場對話，誕生了寫作機會的計畫

We have 11 people eventually who got through to be our first cohort

我們最終有11人加入成為第一批支持者

who would go through the program and get mentoring

他們願意參與整個計畫過程並接受指導

and get the financial support and everything else.

以及接受金援和其他種種

And I remember reading Stephen Tuffin's piece

我記得我讀過Stephen Tiffin的作品

that he submitted,

他寫的作品

which was about ...

內容是關於

caring for his mother in her final days.

在母親最後的日子照顧她

And I remember thinking,

我記得我當時想

not only is this one of the most moving things

在我讀過的作品中，

I've read in these submissions,

感人的不只這件事

this is one of the most moving things I've ever read.

但這是我讀過的最動人的作品

It was an extraordinary, searing, incredibly raw,

它是一本傑出、情感強烈、極度自然的

beautiful piece of writing.

美麗的文字作品

And in that moment,

在那瞬間

I knew that this was going to exceed all expectations.

我就知道它會超越所有人的期望

And it did.

而它也確實如此

The 11 writers that we finally worked with for the last year,

我們去年最終一起合作的這11位作家

reading what they've done has been absolutely revelatory.

閱讀他們的寫作內容極具啟發性

Whether it's reading about the experience

無論是讀他們被Grace Quantock

of marginalized bodies by Grace Quantock.

邊緣化的經驗

Lifting the veil on what it is like to live with a disability

接露活在殘缺底下 樣子的面紗

and how people relate to that.

以及人們如何看待這件事

It's extraordinary.

這非常傑出

Everything she's written has been extraordinary.

她寫的每件事都很優秀

Stephen's piece, about caring for his mother in her final days ...

Stephen的作品， 關於在他母親最後的日子照顧她

I will never forget that piece.

我永遠不會忘記這部作品

It will stay with me for the rest of my life.

我的餘生都會記得

There's David Clancy, hairdresser in Ulverston,

還有住在阿爾弗斯頓的髮型師，David Clancy

talking about how he turned having gibes thrown at him

講述戲弄他的話語

for being gay when he was younger,

因為他年輕時就出櫃

being kicked out of his own house by his parents

是如何在自己被雙親趕出家門

for being gay

只因為他是同志

and then having to move back into the house with his mum,

當疫情來襲時，他必須和媽媽搬回家住

or choosing to move back into the house with his mother and father,

或是選擇搬回去和父母住

as the pandemic struck, in order to look after them.

只為了照顧他們

That experience.

這種的經驗

Whether it's Maya Jordan,

無論是不是Maya Jordan

coming to write her novel about the goddess of the River Severn.

來寫關於賽文河女神的小說

These are incredible pieces of writing

這些都是很了不起的寫作作品

from and with voices and experiences that I just never heard before.

出自於我從未聽聞的 那些人的聲音和經驗

It's absolutely revelatory to me.

這對我絕對是有啟發性的

To see their writing in a magazine,

在雜誌上看到他們的寫作

on a national newspaper,

在國內報紙上看到

being performed live on stage,

在舞台上被表演

being broadcast on BBC Sounds in a podcast.

在播客的BBC Sounds上聽到廣播

This is extraordinary stuff.

這一切都是很傑出的作品

I remember Maya Jordan telling me

我記得Maya Jordan曾跟我說過

that -- the idea of being a writer on her estate,

在她所屬的產業中成為作家的概念

she said, "There were no writers on our estate.

她說，我們這產業沒有作家

To say to someone that you wanted to be a writer

要對人說出自己想成為作家

was like saying you wanted to be an astronaut."

就好比說出自己想當太空人一樣

It was amazing to be able to go up to Maya

在卡地夫進行現場表演後

after the live performance that we did in Cardiff.

能夠達到Maya這個程度是很驚人的

And to say to us all,

他可以對我們所有人說出

"How does it feel to be an astronaut?"

「當太空人的感覺如何?」

(Music)

(音樂)