Jorge Mañes Rubio: What should humans take to space (and leave behind)? | TED Fellows

譯者: Jia Yi Cheong 審譯者: Shelley Tsang 曾雯海

[ 塑造你的未來 ]

我們正處在未來太空探索

與商業化的新時代起點上

[SHAPE YOUR FUTURE]

We are at the beginning of a new era for the future exploration

首先是月球，然後是火星， 直至整個太陽系。

and commercialization of space.

我一直為太空探索感到著迷，

First it will be the Moon and from there, Mars and the rest of the solar system.

但同時又困惑於也被它的多重意義。

I've always been fascinated by space exploration,

從歷史上來看，人類的探索導致了

but at the same time troubled by its multiple implications.

對人民、土地和資源的侵略性剝削。

Historically, human exploration has led

這種持續性的殖民過程

to an aggressive exploitation of people, land and resources.

塑造了我們今天生存在的不公世界。

而我們如何才能確定

This ongoing colonization process

我們會停止重蹈覆轍？

has shaped the unfair world we live in today.

當我被任命為歐洲 航天局的駐場藝術家時，

So how can we make sure

we stop perpetuating the same old colonial patterns?

我認為這是一個獨特的機會來 提出大膽的想法，去重新思考:

When I was appointed artist in residence at the European Space Agency,

作為人類，究竟哪些東西是 我們必須要在太空旅行中攜帶的？

I thought it was a unique opportunity to make a bold statement, to rethink:

或許更重要的問題是，

as human beings, what do we really need to take with us on this space journey?

我們應該拋下什麼?

作為一個在歐洲土生土長 並享有特權的白人男性，

And perhaps even more importantly,

我成長在一個西方藝術、科學和科技

what should we leave behind?

As a privileged white male individual born and raised in Europe

被奉為高於其他一切文化和知識的世界。

I grew up in a world where Western arts, science and technology

然而，參觀了許多博物館和其中大量的藏品，

are presumed superior over every other form of knowledge.

以及我們殖民古跡後，

However, visiting many museums

我接觸到了大量的文化，

and their vast collections, products of our colonial heritage,

以及理解到對這個世界的獨特解讀。

人類最偉大的成就不是登上月球，

I was introduced to a wide range of cultures

and unique ways to understand the world we live in.

而是我們的文化多樣性，

交織於其中的禮節、信仰和知識。

Humanity's greatest achievement was not landing on the Moon,

but our cultural diversity,

這豐富的遺產不只屬於過去，

the rituals, beliefs and knowledge woven within it.

它們還生機勃勃，

有的甚至仍在蓬勃發展。

This rich legacy does not belong in the past

當我們討論太空探索時， 我們很少談及文化、倫理

but is very much alive,

甚至精神領域的課題，

sometimes even thriving.

We rarely talk about cultural,

但我相信，正是文化形成了 我們未來會進行太空探索的目標。

ethical or even spiritual matters

when discussing space exploration,

通過我的藝術實踐，

but I believe it's precisely culture that will give us a purpose in the future.

希望人們能學會欣賞多元文化

摒棄因歷史原因而投射在這些文化上的，

Through my artistic practice,

learning to appreciate multiple cultural dimensions

的懷舊或傲慢的情緒。

without the nostalgia or condescension

that historically has been projected upon these cultures,

這是金錦花（Kim Keum-Hwa），

韓國最具代表性的薩滿，於去年離世。

their knowledge and their significance.

This is Kim Keum-Hwa,

我在江華島的神祠見過她一面，

Korea's most iconic shaman who passed last year.

在那裡見證她的最後一場宗教儀式，

I met Kim Keum-Hwa at her shrine in Ganghwa Island,

慶祝她成為薩滿70周年，

where I witnessed her last ritual,

並為她啟程前往精神世界送行。

a celebration to bless her 70th anniversary as a shaman

追溯到史前時代，

韓國薩滿教一直是一種 堅韌的精神力量的實踐形式，

and to prepare her departure to the spirit world.

也是能為許多女性賦權的有力方式。

Dating back to prehistoric times,

Korean shamanism has remained a resilient form of spiritual practice

這是鄭順德（Jeong Soon-deok）， 也是一位薩滿。

and a source of empowerment for many women.

在一場持續數個日夜的儀式中，

This is Jeong Soon-deok, the shaman of the people,

我深深地為她折服，

during a ceremony that lasted several days and nights.

她被刀劍、色彩斑斕的服飾， 以及各種貢品圍繞。

周圍所有物體的形象都被拔高了，

I remember bowing to her,

surrounded by blades and colorful costumes and offerings.

它們在我眼前進入了新的維度。

Everyday objects were being elevated,

我看見她變成了神。

acquiring a new dimension right in front of my eyes.

她的肢體通過舞蹈、 祈禱和儀式而變換。

I saw her becoming a god,

有趣的是，儘管身居高位，

her body transformed through dance, prayer and ritual.

韓國的薩滿仍維持優雅 且謙遜的人類姿態。

What's interesting is that despite their position of power,

通過這些女性,

我能清楚地看到古老知識的力量，

Korean shamans remain graceful, humble human beings.

以及我們的文化在維繫脆弱的 宇宙平衡中所扮演的角色。

Through these women,

I could clearly see the power within ancient forms of knowledge.

這是東拉蒙（Don Ramón），

一位墨西哥韋拉克魯斯市 當地的土著藝術中心的治療師，

The role our cultures play in maintaining a fragile cosmic balance.

This is Don Ramón,

托托納克文化正在那裡被傳授給後代。

a local healer from the Center for Indigenous Arts in Veracruz, Mexico,

該藝術中心的主任漢貝托·加西亞（Humberto García）

where Totonac culture is being taught to future generations.

驕傲地描述道他們的教育模式，

不會分開學科如美術、通信或醫學

The center's director, Humberto García, was proud,

describing an educational model

而是交織在一起。

where disciplines like art, communication or medicine

托托納克文化的宇宙觀，

正是圍繞著一個不斷變化、 互聯互通的維度。

are not independent but entangled with each other.

這裡的每一項活動都 伴隨著自然的節奏，

Totonac cosmovision revolves around this ever-changing,

interconnected dimension.

無論是烹飪、編織還是治療，

There is a natural rhythm that infuses every activity here,

沒有任何一項是瑣碎或裝飾性的。

每個手勢、每項動作，都有意義。

be it cooking or weaving or healing.

這些傳統、信仰和儀式， 絕非故步自封的。

Nothing is trivial or decorative.

Every gesture, every action has a meaning.

它們是數千年來在艱苦的 再生過程中實踐得出的結果。

These traditions, beliefs and rituals, they're far from being immobile.

這些都是古人獨特的智慧，

They're the result of thousands of years of practice

我們一定要好好傳承，

in a painful regenerative process.

而這就是現在我正為之努力的。

These are unique pieces of wisdom

we must definitely bring with us into the future.

我想向現在的太空殖民模式提出挑戰，

我決定以一個重要的姿態開始，

And this is what I'm doing to make that happen.

I want to challenge our current model of space colonization,

那就是承認月球是一個 重生和復興的普世象徵，

and I decided to start with a big gesture --

以作為歐洲航天局的

to recognize the Moon

as a universal symbol of rebirth and renewal.

月球移居計畫中的一部分。

我提議建造月亮神廟，

As part of the European Space Agency's plans

一個用作多元文化和傳統習俗投射， 以及科學研究的未來空間。

to support a permanent human presence on the Moon,

I'm proposing to build the Moon Temple,

月亮神廟將矗立在 沙克爾頓隕坑的邊緣，

a future space for diverse cultural projections,

那是一個巨大的的山峰撞擊坑， 且同時擁有永遠明亮和永恆黑暗。

traditions and scientific research.

The Moon Temple will stand on the rim of the Shackleton crater,

它的設計利用了月球的微重力、當地資源，

a gigantic impact crater featuring peaks of eternal light and perpetual darkness.

以及在月球南極運作的複雜的天體力學

Its design takes advantage of lunar microgravity,

the use of local resources

在它的內部，

and the complex celestial mechanics

我們能看到新奇的物質文化遺產，

that operate on the south pole of the moon.

一系列由月球塵埃和 稀有航空材料製成的物件，

Sheltered in its interior,

we can find traces from an intriguing new material culture,

象徵著人類祖先的智慧及其複雜性。

a series of objects made with moon dust and rare aerospace materials,

這些面具、器皿和其他儀式器物，

symbolizing humanity's ancestral wisdom and all its complexity.

都是揭示了人類深刻的 自我變革的有力物件，

These masks, vessels and other ritual artifacts,

甚至可以成為與 遙遠外太空溝通的橋樑。

they're powerful objects that imply deep personal transformations,

它們代表著人類歷史中 所蘊含的極大多樣性，

sometimes even becoming a bridge to distant worlds.

承載著數以千計的尚待書寫的故事。

They represent the vast diversity embedded in the human experience.

有的關於地球保護，

These objects carry within them thousands of stories yet to be written.

有的則關於人類將面對的， 處於地球以外的艱難生存環境。

即使這些物件來自遠方，

Some provide protection,

while others relate to the harsh conditions

that people will endure outside our planet.

我們依然能夠辨認出 其中熟悉的人性品質。

But even if these objects come from a place far away from here,

月亮神廟把月球作為萬物的基準，

we can still recognise a familiar human quality within them.

它是人類理性和想像力的豐碑，

The Moon Temple celebrates the Moon as the measure of all things.

它代表我們能有機會，

再次將科學、藝術和禮制結合起來。

It is a monument to humanity's reason and imagination.

這可能是我個人的對於星際未來，

It represents our chance

to bring together once again science, art and ritual.

烏托邦式的願景，

This may be a personal,

但也許通過實踐這些烏托邦式設想，

even utopian vision for our interplanetary future,

我們能擺脫如今地球上的許多偏見。

but perhaps through these utopian exercises

因為我們需要更多樣化的 個人敘述，為了我們的未來，

we can break free from many of our prejudices here on Earth,

一個不再背離我們的文化、

because we need more diverse personal narratives for our future,

背離它們成就今天我們 之重要性的未來，

a future where we don't turn our backs to our cultures

一個不會再以犧牲弱者權益、

and the role they play in shaping who we are today.

來延續特權者地位的未來

而是承認我們在這個宇宙中，如此脆弱渺小，

A future that does not perpetuate the survival of the most privileged

at the expense of the most vulnerable,

以及我們要肩負起的責任。

but instead acknowledges our fragile position in this universe

and our responsibilities towards it.