Could AI Give You X-Ray Vision? | Tara Boroushaki | TED

翻译人员: Yip Yan Yeung 校对人员: suya f.

As a teenager,

在我是个青少年的时候，

I was fascinated with the wizarding world.

我对魔法世界很感兴趣。

I wanted to be like Hermione Granger.

我想成为赫敏·格兰杰 （Hermione Granger）那样。

I wanted to be a powerful witch with a wand.

我想成为一个拿着魔杖的强大女巫。

Out of all the spells, I really liked "Accio."

在所有的咒语中， 我很喜欢“Accio”。

I could say "Accio" and name anything and it would fly into my hands,

我说“Accio”再说出任何东西， 它就会飞到我手中，

even if it's a restricted book,

就算它是一本禁书，

locked and hidden inside the headmaster's office.

被锁起来藏在校长办公室里。

But as you might have noticed, I did not get into Hogwarts.

但是你可能发现了， 我没有去成霍格沃茨。

So I came to my backup school, MIT.

所以我来到了我的备选学校， 麻省理工学院。

(Laughter)

（笑声）

And I made my own magic.

我做出了我自己的魔法。

I can now --

我现在可以——

I can have the spells now

我现在拥有比赫敏更强大的咒语，

that are even more powerful than Hermione's,

because I don't need a wand.

因为我不需要魔杖。

I can see the invisible.

我能看见看不见的东西。

Let me show you my first spell.

请看我的第一个魔法。

For example, I want to find my black shirt in my closet that I lost.

比如我想在衣柜里 找我丢了的黑色衬衫。

I put on my AR headset and I say "Accio."

我戴上 AR 头显然后说“Accio”。

Within a matter of seconds, my shirt will light up.

在短短几秒钟内， 我的衬衫就会亮起来。

Like I said, I can see the invisible.

正如我所说， 我能看到看不见的东西。

(Applause)

（掌声）

So how does this spell work?

这个魔法是如何运作的呢？

How did I make an AR headset

我是如何让一款 AR 头显

able to see what my own eyes cannot see?

看到我肉眼无法看见的东西的呢？

My trick is to use wireless signals like Bluetooth and Wi-Fi.

我的诀窍是使用无线信号， 如蓝牙和 Wi-Fi。

These signals are great.

这些信号很厉害。

This is exactly why you can get Wi-Fi from another room.

这正是你可以从另一个房间 用上 Wi-Fi 的原因。

So these signals are sent by this headset.

这个头显发射着信号。

They are scattered in the environment.

信号散射在环境中。

They go through boxes

穿透盒子，

and then are reflected back

然后由这些隐藏的物体反射回来， 包括我的衬衫。

from all of these hidden objects, including my shirt.

We then design algorithms

然后，我们设计了算法，

that use these reflected signals to find these objects.

使用这些反射回来的信号 找到这些物体。

Let me show you how these algorithms work.

我来告诉你这些算法是如何工作的。

First, the headset tries to understand its environment

首先，头显通过创建 虚拟的 3D 地图理解环境。

by creating a virtual 3D map.

And then as I walk in the environment,

然后，当我行走在环境中时，

it keeps sending these wireless signals,

它会不断发送这些无线信号，

tries to collect all of the reflections,

尝试收集所有反射，

and then combines them to collect this information,

然后将它们组合起来收集这些信息，

and then tries to locate the object that I was looking for.

然后尝试找到我正在寻找的物体。

Then after some time,

一段时间之后，

it becomes confident about it and then tells me,

它就有了把握，然后告诉我：

"Here it is."

“在这儿。”

This is the glow,

这是亮起的位置，

which is where the object I want is,

这就是我想要的物体所在的地方，

and I can go and grab it.

我可以去把它拿出来。

Besides helping me having these magical powers,

除了帮助我拥有这些神奇的力量外，

it has a lot of industrial applications.

它还有很多工业应用。

For example, in a warehouse,

例如，在仓库中，

it can help warehouse workers to find packages,

它可以帮助仓库工作人员找到包裹，

and then it can guide them through the warehouse to find these packages.

然后引导他们穿过仓库找到这些包裹。

In a retail store,

在零售商店中，

it can help the store associates to pack customer's orders

它可以帮助商店员工 打包客户的订单

and find misplaced items.

并找到放错位置的商品。

It also has a lot of other applications in logistics and manufacturing.

它在物流和制造业中 还有许多其他应用。

So having X-ray vision is very cool.

拥有 X 射线的视觉非常酷。

It's better than what Hermione had.

比赫敏拥有的更好。

But sometimes I'm just so lazy,

但是有时候我太懒了，

I don't want to go ahead and put my headset on

我不想戴上头显，

and then say "Accio" and then go and find my key,

然后说“Accio”， 然后去找我的钥匙，

grab it under the pile.

把它从一堆东西里拿出来。

So I was thinking, what if I had a robot that knew my spell?

所以我在想，如果 有个机器人会我的魔法，如何？

So I taught my spells to a robot.

于是我把我的魔法教给了机器人。

My robot can find my keys and bring them to me.

我的机器人可以 找到我的钥匙并带给我。

Let me show it to you.

我来给你看一下。

For example, here,

比如，我的钥匙扣藏在 框里那堆钥匙下面。

my keychain is hidden under the pile in the basket.

My robot is able to search the environment

我的机器人能够搜索环境

and locate my keys with centimeter-level accuracy,

并以厘米级的精度找到我的钥匙，

purposefully declutter the environment and then grab the keys

有目的地清理环境， 然后取出钥匙，

and bring them to me.

把它们交给我。

So how do we do this?

我们是怎么做到的呢？

We built a specialized gripper instead of a wand.

我们制作了专门的夹具， 而不是魔杖。

So it has a camera and a wireless sensor,

它有一个摄像头和一个无线传感器，

which sends similar signals like the headset that I just talked about.

可以发送与之前提到的头显 类似的信号，

So this is great, now this gripper can locate the keys.

这很不错， 这个夹子可以找到钥匙了。

But there's one challenge.

但是有一个挑战。

What if I put my robot in a completely new environment?

如果我把我的机器人 放在一个全新的环境中呢？

For example, put it in the living room and ask it to find a remote control.

例如，把它放在起居室里， 让它找到一个遥控器。

How does this robot adapt itself to a completely new environment

这个机器人该如何适应 一个全新的环境

and a completely new object?

和一个全新的物体？

If the robot does exactly the same steps as before,

如果机器人执行的步骤 与之前的完全相同，

then it can only find a key in a basket.

那它只能在框里找到钥匙。

We designed an AI algorithm

我们专门设计了一种 AI 算法，

specifically to help this robot to adapt itself to a completely new environment

帮助这个机器人适应一个全新的环境，

and find objects it has never seen before.

找到它从未见过的物体。

For example, here it's trying to find a remote control on a couch

例如，它试图在客厅的沙发上

in a living room it has never seen before.

找到一个它从未见过的遥控器。

It's able to find it and then bring it to me,

它能找到它，然后把它拿给我，

and I can go and grab this remote control and then watch my favorite show.

我可以拿上这个遥控器 看我最喜欢的节目。

Magical X-ray vision can change the way we think about our environment

神奇的 X 射线视觉 可以改变我们对环境的看法

and the way we interact with our environment.

以及我们与环境互动的方式。

It opens up new possibilities that we never thought are possible.

它开辟了我们从未想过的新可能性。

For example, it can help our future robots in our homes to help us.

比如，它可以协助我们未来的 家用机器人为我们提供帮助。

It can also help us interact with our future smart homes

它还可以帮助我们以前所未有的方式

in ways we never imagined before.

与我们未来的智能家居互动。

But the application that I'm personally very excited about

但是我个人非常为之兴奋的应用

is helping our first responders

是帮助我们的急救人员

to find and track humans in conditions with low visibility.

在能见度低的条件下 寻找和追踪人类。

Or helping humans under the rubble after disaster hits.

或者在灾难发生后 帮助废墟下的人们。

And as the cherry on top,

更有锦上添花的一点：

it can help those of us who did not get into Hogwarts

它可以帮助我们这些 没有进入霍格沃茨的人

to get one step closer to the wizarding world.

离魔法世界更近一步。

Thank you.

谢谢。

(Applause)

（掌声）