Could AI Give You X-Ray Vision? | Tara Boroushaki | TED

譯者: 楊佳穎 118-30 審譯者: 麗玲 辛

As a teenager,

十幾歲的時候，

I was fascinated with the wizarding world.

我對魔法世界十分著迷。

I wanted to be like Hermione Granger.

我想變得跟妙麗‧格蘭傑一樣，

I wanted to be a powerful witch with a wand.

成為一名持有魔杖的強大女巫。

Out of all the spells, I really liked "Accio."

在所有的咒語裡， 我特別喜歡 “Accio”（速速前）。

I could say "Accio" and name anything and it would fly into my hands,

只要說出 “Accio” 和任何東西的名字， 它就會飛到我手中，

even if it's a restricted book,

即便是本禁書，

locked and hidden inside the headmaster's office.

被鎖在校長辦公室裏。

But as you might have noticed, I did not get into Hogwarts.

但是，或許你已經注意到， 我並没有進入霍格華茲。

So I came to my backup school, MIT.

所以我才來到我的候補學校， 麻省理工學院。

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

And I made my own magic.

然後我製造出自己的魔法。

I can now --

我現在可以——

I can have the spells now

我現在能夠施展出

that are even more powerful than Hermione's,

比妙麗更強力的法術，

because I don't need a wand.

因為我不需要魔杖。

I can see the invisible.

我可以看見看不見的東西。

Let me show you my first spell.

容我展示第一個咒語。

For example, I want to find my black shirt in my closet that I lost.

比如說，我想從壁櫥裡找出 我遺失的黑色襯衫。

I put on my AR headset and I say "Accio."

我會戴上我的 AR 頭戴顯示器， 然後說 “Accio”。

Within a matter of seconds, my shirt will light up.

在短短幾秒內， 襯衫的所在位置就會發亮。

Like I said, I can see the invisible.

就像剛才說的， 我能看見看不見的東西。

(Applause)

（掌聲）

So how does this spell work?

那麼，這個法術是如何運作的？

How did I make an AR headset

我是怎麼讓一台 AR 頭戴顯示器

able to see what my own eyes cannot see?

可以看見我無法以肉眼所見的事物？

My trick is to use wireless signals like Bluetooth and Wi-Fi.

我的秘訣是使用 藍牙與 Wi-Fi 等無線信號。

These signals are great.

這些信號很棒，

This is exactly why you can get Wi-Fi from another room.

這正是你能從別的房間 連到 Wi-Fi 的原因。

So these signals are sent by this headset.

而這台頭戴顯示器會發出這些信號，

They are scattered in the environment.

使它們散布於環境中，

They go through boxes

穿過盒子，

and then are reflected back

碰到裡頭隱藏的物品

from all of these hidden objects, including my shirt.

再反射回來，包括我的襯衫。

We then design algorithms

接著，我們會設計演算法，

that use these reflected signals to find these objects.

利用反射回來的信號尋找這些物件。

Let me show you how these algorithms work.

讓我來解說這些演算法的原理。

First, the headset tries to understand its environment

首先，頭戴顯示器 會創建虛擬的 3D 地圖，

by creating a virtual 3D map.

以便了解它身處的環境。

And then as I walk in the environment,

當我在環境中行走時，

it keeps sending these wireless signals,

它會不斷發送這些無線信號，

tries to collect all of the reflections,

試圖收集所有的反射，

and then combines them to collect this information,

然後將這些訊息結合、收集起來，

and then tries to locate the object that I was looking for.

嘗試去定位出我想找的物體。

Then after some time,

一段時間後，

it becomes confident about it and then tells me,

它覺得有把握，接著告訴我說：

"Here it is."

「東西在這裡」。

This is the glow,

那個位置就會發光，

which is where the object I want is,

我想要的物體就在那，

and I can go and grab it.

我可以去拿。

Besides helping me having these magical powers,

它除了幫助我擁有這些神奇力量外，

it has a lot of industrial applications.

還具備許多工業上的應用。

For example, in a warehouse,

舉個例子，在倉庫中，

it can help warehouse workers to find packages,

它可以幫助工作人員找到包裹，

and then it can guide them through the warehouse to find these packages.

並引導他們直達這些包裹的位置。

In a retail store,

在零售店中，

it can help the store associates to pack customer's orders

它可以協助店員打包顧客的訂單，

and find misplaced items.

並找出誤置的品項。

It also has a lot of other applications in logistics and manufacturing.

它在物流與製造業方面 也有不少其他應用。

[ 我能賦予機器人透視魔法嗎？] 擁有透視能力非常酷。

So having X-ray vision is very cool.

It's better than what Hermione had.

它比妙麗的法術還厲害。

But sometimes I'm just so lazy,

但有時候我實在是太懶了，

I don't want to go ahead and put my headset on

我不想戴上我的頭戴顯示器，

and then say "Accio" and then go and find my key,

說 “Accio”，然後在 一堆雜物裡找到我的鑰匙，

grab it under the pile.

再把它拿出來。

So I was thinking, what if I had a robot that knew my spell?

所以我就想，如果我有一個 會這個咒語的機器人呢？

So I taught my spells to a robot.

於是我教機器人這個法術。

My robot can find my keys and bring them to me.

我的機器人能找到我的鑰匙，拿給我。

Let me show it to you.

讓我展示給你們看。

For example, here,

例如說，這裡，

my keychain is hidden under the pile in the basket.

我的鑰匙圈藏在籃子裡那堆物品下面。

My robot is able to search the environment

我的機器人能夠搜索環境，

and locate my keys with centimeter-level accuracy,

並以公分等级的精度找到我的鑰匙。

purposefully declutter the environment and then grab the keys

它會有意地清除 環境中的雜物後，拿出鑰匙，

and bring them to me.

並交給我。

So how do we do this?

我們是怎麼做到的？

We built a specialized gripper instead of a wand.

我們打造了專用的夾具，取代魔杖。

So it has a camera and a wireless sensor,

因此，上頭設有攝影機和無線感測器。

which sends similar signals like the headset that I just talked about.

後者可傳送類似的信號， 如同剛所提到的頭戴顯示器。

So this is great, now this gripper can locate the keys.

這很棒，因為這樣， 這個夾具就能找到鑰匙的位置。

But there's one challenge.

但有個難題。

What if I put my robot in a completely new environment?

如果我把機器人 放在一個全新的環境呢？

For example, put it in the living room and ask it to find a remote control.

例如，把它放在客廳裡， 並請它找出遙控器。

How does this robot adapt itself to a completely new environment

這個機器人會如何 去適應從未待過的環境

and a completely new object?

和完全陌生的物體呢？

If the robot does exactly the same steps as before,

如果機器人執行的步驟 和以前完全相同，

then it can only find a key in a basket.

那它只會在籃子裡找鑰匙。

We designed an AI algorithm

我們設計出一款 AI 演算法，

specifically to help this robot to adapt itself to a completely new environment

專門用來幫助這個機器人 適應完全陌生的環境，

and find objects it has never seen before.

並找出它從未見過的物體。

For example, here it's trying to find a remote control on a couch

比如這裡，它正試著在客廳的沙發上

in a living room it has never seen before.

尋找它從沒看過的遙控器。

It's able to find it and then bring it to me,

它有能力找到並把它交給我，

and I can go and grab this remote control and then watch my favorite show.

接著我就能上前拿走遙控器， 觀賞我最愛的節目。

Magical X-ray vision can change the way we think about our environment

神奇的透視能力 可以改變我們對環境的看法，

and the way we interact with our environment.

以及我們與環境互動的方式。

It opens up new possibilities that we never thought are possible.

它開啟了我們從未想過的嶄新可能性。

For example, it can help our future robots in our homes to help us.

例如，它可以讓未來機器人 能夠幫忙我們做家事。

It can also help us interact with our future smart homes

它也能幫助我們以前所未有的方式

in ways we never imagined before.

與未來的智慧型家居互動。

But the application that I'm personally very excited about

不過我個人非常期待的應用是，

is helping our first responders

協助第一線的急救人員，

to find and track humans in conditions with low visibility.

在能見度低的情況下找尋並追蹤人們，

Or helping humans under the rubble after disaster hits.

或者在災難發生後， 救助被埋於瓦礫堆下的人。

And as the cherry on top,

作為錦上添花，

it can help those of us who did not get into Hogwarts

它可以讓我們這些 無法進入霍格華茲的人，

to get one step closer to the wizarding world.

離魔法世界更近一步。

Thank you.

謝謝。

(Applause)

（掌聲）