How architecture can create dignity for all | John Cary

67,466 views ใƒป 2018-03-02

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์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: JY Kang ๊ฒ€ํ† : SeungGyu Min
00:12
On a beautiful day, just a few years ago
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๋ช‡ ๋…„ ์ „, ์–ด๋Š ํ™”์ฐฝํ•œ ๋‚ ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:15
my wife and I entered a hospital
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์ €์™€ ์ œ ์•„๋‚ด๋Š” ์บ˜๋ฆฌํฌ๋‹ˆ์•„ ์˜คํด๋žœ๋“œ์˜ ์ €ํฌ ์ง‘ ๊ทผ์ฒ˜์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ณ‘์›์„ ์ฐพ์•„๊ฐ”์ฃ .
00:17
near our home in Oakland, California
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00:19
for the birth of our first daughter, Maya.
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์ฒซ ๋”ธ์ธ ๋งˆ์•ผ๋ฅผ ๋‚ณ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:22
We had responsibly toured the birthing center in advance
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๋ถ„๋งŒ ์„ผํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฏธ๋ฆฌ ๊ผผ๊ผผํžˆ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ๋ณด๋˜ ์ค‘์—
00:25
and yet we were somehow still startled to find ourselves
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๊นœ์ง ๋†€๋ž„๋งŒํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:28
in the place where we would experience
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‚ถ์— ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•  ์žฅ์†Œ์น˜๊ณ ๋Š” ๋†€๋ž„๋งŒํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
00:30
one of the most significant moments of our lives.
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00:33
We were stuck in a windowless room
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์ €ํฌ๋Š” ๋ณ‘์‹ค์— ์ฐฝ๋ฌธ์ด ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋†€๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:35
with no hint of the bright and sunny day that we had left.
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๋ฐ–์˜ ํ™”์ฐฝํ•œ ๋‚ ์„ ์ „ํ˜€ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ์ฃ .
00:40
Fluorescent lights buzzed overhead,
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ํ˜•๊ด‘๋“ฑ์€ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ ์œ„์—์„œ ์›…์›…๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
00:44
the paint on the walls was beige
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๋ณ‘์‹ค ๋ฒฝ์€ ๋ฒ ์ด์ง€์ƒ‰์ด์—ˆ๊ณ 
00:47
and machines beeped inexplicably
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์ง„๋ฃŒ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„๋Š” ๋ญ”์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅผ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ ์Œ์„ ๋‚ด๊ณ 
00:49
as a wall clock indicated day turning to night.
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๋ฒฝ์‹œ๊ณ„๋Š” ์˜คํ›„ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌํ‚ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
00:53
That clock was placed above a door
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๊ทธ ์‹œ๊ณ„๋Š” ๋ฌธ ์œ„์— ๋‹ฌ๋ ค ์žˆ์–ด์„œ
00:55
in direct line of sight
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์‚ฐ๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ์นจ๋Œ€์— ๋ˆ„์šฐ๋ฉด
00:57
to where my wife lay as her contractions increased hour after hour.
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์‹œ๊ฐ„๋งˆ๋‹ค ์ง„ํ†ต์ด ์˜ฌ ๋•Œ ์•Œ๊ธฐ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์‹œ์„ ์„ ๋‘๊ธฐ ์ข‹์€ ์œ„์น˜์— ๊ฑธ๋ ค ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
01:02
Now, I've never given birth --
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์ €๋Š” ์• ๋ฅผ ๋‚ณ์•„ ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์—†์ง€๋งŒ..
01:04
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
01:05
but she assured me that the last thing that a birthing woman would ever want
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์ œ ์•„๋‚ด ๋ง์ด, ๋ถ„๋งŒ ์ค‘์˜ ์‚ฐ๋ชจ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡๋ณด๋‹ค๋„
01:10
is to watch the seconds tick by.
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์‹œ๊ณ„ ์ดˆ์นจ์ด ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๋ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
01:12
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
01:15
An architect by training, I've always been fascinated
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๊ฑด์ถ•ํ•™์„ ์ „๊ณตํ•œ ์ €๋Š”
์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ฃผ๋ณ€ ๊ฑด์ถ•๋ฌผ์˜ ๋””์ž์ธ์„ ์ฆ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๋ณผ ๋•Œ ๋งŒ์กฑ๊ฐ์„ ๋Š๋‚๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:18
watching people experience design in the world around them.
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01:21
I believe design functions like the soundtrack
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๊ฑด์ถ• ๋””์ž์ธ์€ ๋งˆ์น˜ ์Œ์•…๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด์š”.
01:23
that we're not even fully aware is playing.
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๊ทธ ์Œ์•…์ด ์—ฐ์ฃผ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๋ชจ๋ฅผ ๋ฟ์ด์ฃ .
01:26
It sends us subconscious messages about how to feel
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๋””์ž์ธ์€ ๊ฐ์ •๊ณผ ์ƒ์ƒ๋ ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ฌด์˜์‹์ค‘์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:30
and what to expect.
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01:32
That room that we were in seemed completely misaligned
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๊ทธ ๋ณ‘์‹ค์€ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์ž˜๋ชป ์„ค๊ณ„๋œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์˜€์–ด์š”.
01:36
with the moment that we were experiencing --
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ํ•œ ์ธ๊ฐ„์„ ๋งž์•„๋“ค์ด๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
01:39
welcoming a human being,
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01:41
our daughter, into this world.
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์ด ์„ธ์ƒ์— ํƒœ์–ด๋‚  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋”ธ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ์š”.
01:44
At one point a nurse, without any prompt,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ค ๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ €ํฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ง์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:47
turned to us and said,
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01:49
"I always think to myself,
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"์ €๋Š” ๋Š˜ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฑด์ถ•๊ฐ€์˜€์œผ๋ฉด ์ข‹์•˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ํ•ด์š”.
01:50
'I wish I had become an architect,
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01:52
because I could have designed rooms like this better.'"
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์ด ๋ณ‘์‹ค์„ ์ข€ ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ๋ชจ์Šต์œผ๋กœ ๋””์ž์ธํ–ˆ์„ ํ…๋ฐ ๋ง์ด์ฃ ."
01:55
I said to her,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€๋‹ตํ–ˆ์ฃ .
01:57
"An architect did design this room."
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"์ด ๋ณ‘์‹ค๋„ ๊ฑด์ถ•๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋””์ž์ธํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”."
01:59
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
02:02
Despite the immense joy of our daughter's birth,
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์ œ ๋”ธ์˜ ํƒ„์ƒ์˜ ๊ธฐ์จ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ 
02:05
the messages of that hospital room stick with she and I to this day.
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๊ทธ ๋ณ‘์‹ค์ด ์ €์™€ ์ œ ์•„๋‚ด์—๊ฒŒ ์ค€ ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€๋Š” ์•„์ง๋„ ๋‚จ์•„์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:13
Those messages are,
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์–˜๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
02:14
"You are not at home,
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"์ด๊ณณ์€ ๋„ˆ์˜ ์ง‘์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์•ผ. ๋„ค๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณณ์€ ๋‚ฏ์„  ๊ณณ์ด์•ผ."
02:16
you are in a foreign place."
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02:18
"You are not in control of anything.
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"๋„ˆ๋Š” ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋ง˜๋Œ€๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์–ด. ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์กฐ๋ช…์กฐ์ฐจ๋„ ๋ง์ด์ง€."
02:20
Not even the lighting."
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02:22
"Your comfort, simply, is secondary."
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"๋„ˆ์˜ ์•ˆ๋ฝํ•จ์€ ๋‚˜์ค‘ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ผ ๋ฟ์ด์•ผ."
02:27
At best,
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์ข‹๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์ž๋ฉด
02:28
a hospital room like this
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๊ทธ์ € ๋ฐ‹๋ฐ‹ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ์ •๋„๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:30
might just be described or dismissed as uninspiring.
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02:33
At worst, it is undignifying.
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๋‚˜์˜๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์ž๋ฉด, ์ธ๊ฐ„์„ ์กด์ค‘ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
02:37
And I use it to point out that none of us,
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์ด ์ผ๋กœ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ฒƒ์€
์ด ์„ธ์ƒ ์–ด๋Š ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋„ ๋‚˜์œ ๋””์ž์ธ์— ๋ฉด์—ญ์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ–์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:40
anywhere in the world,
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02:41
are immune from bad design.
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02:45
I went into architecture because I believed
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฑด์ถ•ํ•™์„ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•œ ์ด์œ ๋Š”
์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์‚ถ์„ ๋ˆ„๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ์ฐฝ์กฐํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:48
it was about creating spaces for people to live their best lives.
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02:54
And yet what I found is a profession largely disconnected
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋œ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€
์‹ค์ œ ๊ฑด์ถ•์€ ๊ทธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋™๋–จ์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:58
from the people most directly impacted by its work.
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03:04
I believe this is because architecture remains
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ๊ฑด์ถ• ๋ถ„์•ผ๊ฐ€
03:07
a white, male, elitist profession --
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๋ฐฑ์ธ ๋‚จ์„ฑ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์˜ ์—˜๋ฆฌํŠธ ๊ด€๋…์„ ๊ฐ–๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:11
seemingly unconcerned
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์š”๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ 
03:13
with some of the greatest needs in the world
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03:16
or even the relatively simple needs of an expectant mother.
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๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ์—„๋งˆ๊ฐ€ ๋  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ์š”๊ตฌ์กฐ์ฐจ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
03:22
Students are trained in school
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ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์€
03:24
using highly theoretical projects,
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ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์˜ ์ง€๊ทนํžˆ ์ด๋ก ์ ์ธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„๋งŒ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ณ 
03:26
rarely interacting with real people or actual communities.
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์‹ค์ œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ณต๋™์ฒด์™€์˜ ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:30
Graduates are funneled through a long, narrow
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๋Œ€ํ•™์›์—์„œ๋Š” ์ž๊ฒฉ ์ทจ๋“์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ฉ€๊ณ ๋„ ์ข์€ ๊ณ ๋œ ๊ณผ์ •์—๋งŒ ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜์ฃ .
03:33
unforgiving path to licensure.
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03:35
Meanwhile, the profession holds up a select few
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ค ๋ณด๋‹ˆ ๊ฑด์ถ•๊ณ„๋Š” ์†Œ์ˆ˜์˜ ์„ ํƒ๋œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์˜์—ญ์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:38
through relentless award programs
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๊ฑด๋ฌผ์˜ ์‹ฌ๋ฏธ์  ์ธก๋ฉด๋งŒ์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ƒ์„ ์ฃผ๋Š” ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
03:40
focused almost exclusively on the aesthetics of buildings,
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03:44
rather than the societal impact or contributions of them.
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์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์˜ํ–ฅ๊ณผ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ธฐ์—ฌ๋ฅผ ํ• ์ง€๋Š” ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:48
It only goes to reinforce a warped view
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์ด๋ž˜์„œ๋Š” ์ง์—…์  ์ฑ…์ž„๊ฐ๊ณผ ์„ฑ๊ณต์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋น„๋šค์–ด์ง„ ์‹œ๊ฐ๋งŒ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ํ•  ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:51
of professional responsibility and success
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03:54
and yet this isn't why so many young, hopeful people
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์ด๋ฅผ ๋ชฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ์ Š๊ณ  ์œ ๋งํ•œ ์ฒญ๋…„๋“ค์ด ๊ฑด์ถ•์„ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์ฃ .
03:58
go into architecture.
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03:59
It's not why I did.
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์ €๋„ ๊ทธ๋žฌ๊ณ ์š”.
04:01
I believed then, though I didn't have a language for it,
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๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•  ๋‹น์‹œ์—๋Š” ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
04:05
and I know now, that design has a unique ability to dignify.
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๋””์ž์ธ์—๋Š” ์ธ๊ฐ„ ์กด์—„์„ฑ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:10
It can make people feel valued,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋กœ ํ•˜์—ฌ๊ธˆ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ๊นจ๋‹ซ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ณ 
04:12
respected,
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์กด์ค‘๋ฐ›๊ณ 
04:14
honored and seen.
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์กด๊ฒฝ๊ณผ ๋ฐฐ๋ ค๋ฅผ ๋Š๋ผ๋„๋ก ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:18
Now I'd like for you to just think about some of the spaces that you inhabit.
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์ด์ œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ง€๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
04:23
And I'd like to have you think about how they make you feel.
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๊ทธ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์—์„œ ์–ด๋–ค ๋Š๋‚Œ์„ ๋ฐ›๋Š”์ง€ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:28
Now, there are places that make us feel unhappy,
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ํ–‰๋ณต๊ฐ์„ ๋Š๋ผ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ๋– ์˜ฌ๋ ค ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
04:32
unhealthy
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๊ฑด๊ฐ•๋ฏธ๋„ ์—†๊ณ 
04:34
or uninspiring.
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ํ™œ๊ธฐ๋„ ์—†๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด์ฃ .
04:36
They may be the places that you work
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ผ์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ณ 
04:39
or where you heal
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๋ณ‘์„ ์น˜์œ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด๋‚˜
04:41
or even where you live.
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์ƒํ™œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ผ์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:43
And I ask, how might these places be better designed with you in mind?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ, ๊ทธ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ๋ชจ์Šต์œผ๋กœ ๋””์ž์ธํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
04:48
It's a really simple question
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๊ต‰์žฅํžˆ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด์ง€๋งŒ
04:49
and it can somehow, sometimes be very difficult to answer.
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๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ๋Š” ๋‹ตํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋งค์šฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šธ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:53
Because we are conditioned to feel like we don't have much agency
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ด๊ณ , ์ผํ•˜๊ณ , ๋…ธ๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐ„๊ณผ ์žฅ์†Œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
04:56
over the spaces and places that we live, work and play.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์ฃผ์–ด์ง„ ๊ถŒํ•œ์ด ๋ณ„๋กœ ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋Š๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ˜„์‹ค์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
04:59
And in many cases we don't.
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ถŒํ•œ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:01
But we all should.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฐ ๊ทธ ๊ถŒํ•œ์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์•ผ ํ•ด์š”.
05:04
Now, here's a potentially dumb question for any women watching:
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์ด ์ž๋ฆฌ์˜ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋ถ„๋“ค๊ป˜ ๋ฐ”๋ณด๊ฐ™์€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:07
Have you ever stood
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ํ™”์žฅ์‹ค์—์„œ ๋‚จ์ž ์นธ๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ธด ์ค„์— ์„œ์„œ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ ค ๋ณด์‹  ์  ์žˆ์œผ์‹œ์ฃ ?
05:09
in a disproportionately long bathroom line?
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05:11
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
05:13
Did you ever think to yourself, "What is wrong with this picture?"
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"๋ญ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ผ๋„ ์žˆ๋‚˜?"๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด์‹  ์  ์žˆ์ฃ ?
05:16
Well, what if the real question is,
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ๋งž์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
05:18
"What is wrong with the men that designed these bathrooms?"
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"์ด ํ™”์žฅ์‹ค์„ ์„ค๊ณ„ํ•œ ๋‚จ์ž๋Š” ๋„๋Œ€์ฒด ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ง€?"
05:22
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
05:28
It may seem like a small thing,
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๋ณ„ ๊ฒƒ ์•„๋‹Œ ๊ฑฐ ๊ฐ™์ง€๋งŒ
05:29
but it's representative of a much more serious issue.
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ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:33
The contemporary world was literally built by men
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ํ˜„์‹œ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ธ ๊ทธ์•ผ๋ง๋กœ ๋‚จ์„ฑ๋“ค์€
05:38
who have rarely taken the time to understand
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋””์ž์ธ์„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
05:41
how people unlike them
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์‹ซ์–ดํ•˜๋Š”์ง€
05:43
experience their designs.
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์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:45
A long bathroom line might seem like a minor indignity.
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ํ™”์žฅ์‹ค ์•ž์˜ ๊ธด ์ค„์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ ์ˆ˜์น˜์Šค๋Ÿฝ์ง€ ์•Š์„์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด์ง€๋งŒ
05:48
But the opposite can also be true.
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๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํŽธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์ž…์žฅ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ˆ˜์น˜์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šธ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ฃ .
05:50
Thoughtful design can make people feel respected
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์‚ฌ๋ ค ๊นŠ์€ ๋””์ž์ธ์€
์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋กœ ํ•˜์—ฌ๊ธˆ ์กด์ค‘๋ฐ›๊ณ  ๋ฐฐ๋ ค๋ฐ›๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋Š๋ผ๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:54
and seen.
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05:56
I've come to believe that dignity is to design
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ์กด์—„์„ฑ์„ ์ง€ํ‚ค๋Š” ๋””์ž์ธ์€
05:59
what justice is to law
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์ •์˜๋กœ์›€์ด ๊ณง ๋ฒ•์ด ๋˜๊ณ 
06:02
and health is to medicine.
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๊ฑด๊ฐ•์ด ๊ณง ์•ฝ์ด ๋˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:04
In the simplest of terms,
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๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•ด์„œ
06:06
it's about having the spaces you inhabit reflect back your value.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ง€๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐ„์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์ธ๊ฐ„์  ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:12
Over the past two years
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์ง€๋‚œ 2๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ
06:14
I had the opportunity to interview over 100 people from all walks of life
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์‚ฌํšŒ ๊ฐ์ธต์˜ 100๋ช…์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•œ ๋””์ž์ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
06:18
about their experience of design.
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์ธํ„ฐ๋ทฐํ•  ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:21
I wanted to test my hunch
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์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•ด๋ณด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
06:23
that dignity and design are uniquely related.
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์ธ๊ฐ„ ์กด์—„์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋””์ž์ธ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
06:27
I listened to Gregory,
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๊ทธ๋ ˆ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์–˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ดค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:28
a resident of this cottage community
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์˜ค๋‘๋ง‰ ์ฃผํƒ ๋‹จ์ง€๋Š”
06:31
designed specifically
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๋‹ฌ๋ผ์Šค์—์„œ ์žฅ๊ธฐ ๋…ธ์ˆ™์ž 50์ธ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ํŠน๋ณ„ํžˆ ๋””์ž์ธํ•œ ์‹œ์„ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:32
for the 50 most chronically homeless people in Dallas.
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06:36
Gregory had been living on the streets,
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๊ทธ๋ ˆ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋…ธ์ˆ™์ž๋กœ ์ƒํ™œํ•˜๋ฉฐ
06:39
drifting from town to town for over 30 years.
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๋งˆ์„๊ณผ ๋งˆ์„์„ ๋– ๋Œ์•„ 30๋…„์„ ์‚ด์•„์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:44
A broad coalition
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์‚ฌํšŒ๋ด‰์‚ฌ๋‹จ์ฒด, ๊ธฐ๋ถ€์ž, ๋””์ž์ด๋„ˆ๋“ค์˜ ๊ด‘๋ฒ”์œ„ํ•œ ํ˜‘์กฐ๋กœ
06:46
of social service agencies,
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06:48
funders and designers,
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06:49
created this place.
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์ด ์‹œ์„ค์ด ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์กŒ์ฃ .
06:53
Each 400 square foot cottage is designed beautifully
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11ํ‰์˜ ์˜ค๋‘๋ง‰์ง‘์„ ์˜ˆ์˜๊ฒŒ ๋””์ž์ธํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณ„์† ๋จธ๋ฌผ ์ง‘์œผ๋กœ ์ œ๊ณตํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:57
as a permanent home.
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06:59
Gregory now has a key
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๊ทธ๋ ˆ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด์ œ ์ž์‹ ๋งŒ์˜ ์ง‘ ํ˜„๊ด€ ์—ด์‡ ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์ฃ .
07:02
to a door
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07:03
to his own house.
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07:04
He describes the sense of security that it brings him.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ด ์ง‘์œผ๋กœ ๋ณดํ˜ธ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๋Š๋‚Œ์„ ๋ฐ›๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:08
Something he had lived without for three decades.
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์ง€๋‚œ 30๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์‚ด๋ฉด์„œ ๋Š๋ผ์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฐ์ •์ด์ฃ .
07:12
When he arrived with little more than the clothes on his back,
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์˜ท๊ฐ€์ง€ ์™ธ์— ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ์—†์ด ์ž…์ฃผํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
07:15
he found everything:
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๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ–์ถ”์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:17
from a toaster, Crock-Pot and stove
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๋นต ๊ตฝ๋Š” ํ† ์Šคํ„ฐ, ์‹๊ธฐ, ๋‚œ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
07:20
to a toothbrush and toothpaste awaiting for him.
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์นซ์†”, ์น˜์•ฝ์— ์ด๋ฅด๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒŒ ์ค€๋น„๋ผ ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
07:25
He describes it simply
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๊ทธ๋Š” ํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
07:27
as heaven.
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์ฒœ๊ตญ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
07:30
On the other side of the world,
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์ง€๊ตฌ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํŽธ์—์„œ
07:33
I listened to Antoinette,
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์•™ํˆฌ์•„๋„คํŠธ์˜ ์–˜๊ธฐ๋„ ๋“ค์–ด๋ดค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:35
the director of this training and community center
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋ฅด์™„๋‹ค ์‹œ๊ณจ์˜ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ต์œก ๊ณต๋™์ฒด ๋งˆ์„ ๊ฑด๋ฆฝ์„ ๋‹ด๋‹นํ–ˆ์ฃ .
07:37
for women in rural Rwanda.
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07:40
Hundreds of women come to this place daily --
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๋งค์ผ ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ ๋ช…์˜ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด ์ด๊ณณ์„ ์ฐพ์•„์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:43
to learn new skills,
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ 
07:45
be in community,
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๊ณต๋™์ฒด ์ƒํ™œ์„ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ
07:47
and continue rebuilding their lives
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๋ฅด์™„๋‹ค ๋‚ด์ „ ์ดํ›„์˜ ๊ทธ๋“ค ์‚ถ์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์žฌ๊ฑดํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:48
following the country's civil war.
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07:51
These women literally pressed
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์ด ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์€ 50๋งŒ ์žฅ์ด๋‚˜ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฒฝ๋Œ์„ ์ง์ ‘ ์ฐ์–ด ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์„œ
07:54
the 500,000 bricks
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07:57
that make up the 17 classroom pavilions like this one.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ๊ต์‹ค ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์„ 17๊ฐœ๋‚˜ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:01
Antoinette told me,
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์•™ํˆฌ์•„๋„คํŠธ ๋ง์ด ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ์ด๊ฑธ ์ž๋ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฌ์›Œ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
08:03
"Everyone is so proud of it."
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08:07
And then back here in the US
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„์™€์„œ
08:09
I listened to Monika,
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๋ชจ๋‹ˆ์นด์˜ ์–˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ดค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์•„์นธ์†Œ์ฃผ์˜ ์˜๋ฃŒ๋ณดํ—˜ ํ˜œํƒ์„ ๋ฐ›์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•œ
08:11
the director of a free clinic
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08:13
primarily serving the uninsured in Arkansas.
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๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ์ง„๋ฃŒ์†Œ ๊ฑด๋ฆฝ์„ ์ฑ…์ž„์กŒ๋˜ ๋ถ„์ด์ฃ .
08:17
Monika loves telling me that the doctors,
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๋ชจ๋‹ˆ์นด๋Š” ์ œ๊ฒŒ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ž๋ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ์ง„๋ฃŒ์†Œ์— ์ž์›๋ด‰์‚ฌ๋กœ ์˜จ ์˜์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด
08:21
who volunteer at her free clinic
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08:23
routinely tell her
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๋Š์ž„์—†์ด ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๋ง์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด์š”.
08:26
that they've never worked in such a beautiful, light-filled place.
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ต๊ณ  ๋ฐ์€ ์กฐ๋ช…์˜ ์‹œ์„ค์€ ์ฒ˜์Œ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ๋‹ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:31
Monika believes
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๋ชจ๋‹ˆ์นด๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์€
08:32
that even people experiencing poverty
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๊ฐ€๋‚œํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ผ์ง€๋ผ๋„
08:35
deserve quality health care.
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์–‘์งˆ์˜ ์˜๋ฃŒ ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ฅผ ๋ˆ„๋ ค์•ผ ๋งˆ๋•…ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:37
And what's more,
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๋” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฑด
08:38
she believes they deserve to receive that care
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๊ทธ๋“ค๋„ ํ’ˆ์œ„์žˆ๋Š” ์‹œ์„ค์—์„œ ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•„์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:42
in a dignified setting.
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08:44
People like these are invaluable ambassadors for design
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋””์ž์ธ์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ์ „ํŒŒํ•˜๋Š” ์ „๋„์‚ฌ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:48
and yet they are roundly absent from architectural discourse.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฑด์ถ•์„ ๋…ผํ•  ๋•Œ ์ด๋“ค์€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ œ์™ธ๋˜์ฃ .
08:53
Similarly, the people who can most benefit from good design
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๋˜ํ•œ, ์ข‹์€ ๋””์ž์ธ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์€ ํ˜œํƒ์„ ๋ณผ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
08:57
often have the least access to it.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:00
Your cousin, a homeless veteran;
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๊ตฐํ‡ด์—ญ ํ›„ ๋…ธ์ˆ™์ž๊ฐ€ ๋œ ์‚ฌ์ดŒ,
09:02
your grandma or grandpa
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ํ• ๋จธ๋‹ˆ, ํ• ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€ ๊ฐ™์ด
09:04
who live in a house with a kitchen that's no longer accessible to them;
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์ง‘์— ๋ถ€์—Œ์ด ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ด ํž˜๋“ค์–ด์„œ ๋”์ด์ƒ ๋ถ€์—Œ์„ ์“ฐ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๋ถ„๋“ค,
09:07
your wheelchair-bound sister
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ํœ ์ฒด์–ด ์ƒํ™œ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฌ๋™์ƒ์€
09:09
in a suburban area planned without sidewalks.
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์ธ๋„๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ๊ต์™ธ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ์‚ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:14
If good design is only for a privileged few,
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์ข‹์€ ๋””์ž์ธ์„ ์†Œ์ˆ˜์˜ ์„ ํƒ๋œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋งŒ ๋ˆ„๋ฆฐ๋‹ค๋ฉด
09:17
what good is it?
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๊ทธ๊ฑธ ์ข‹๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
09:20
It's time designers change this
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๋””์ž์ด๋„ˆ๋“ค์ด ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์–ด์•ผ ํ•  ๋•Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:23
by dedicating their practices to the public good
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๊ณต๊ณต์˜ ์ด์ต์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ผํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:26
in the model of firms
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๊ทธ ๋ชจ๋ฒ”์ด ๋˜๋Š” ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์ฃ .
09:28
like Orkidstudio,
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์˜คํ‚ค๋“œ ์ŠคํŠœ๋””์˜ค๋‚˜
09:30
Studio Gang
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์ŠคํŠœ๋””์˜ค ๊ฐฑ,
09:31
and MASS Design Group.
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๋งค์Šค ๋””์ž์ธ ๊ทธ๋ฃน ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ณณ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:33
Their clients
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์ด๋“ค ๊ธฐ์—…์˜ ๊ณ ๊ฐ์€
09:35
are orphaned children in Kenya,
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์ผ€๋ƒ์˜ ๊ณ ์•„ ์•„์ด๋“ค,
09:37
foster children in Chicago
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์‹œ์นด๊ณ ์˜ ์œ„ํƒ์‹œ์„ค ์•„์ด๋“ค,
09:40
and pregnant women in Malawi.
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๋ง๋ผ์œ„์˜ ์ž„์‚ฐ๋ถ€๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:42
Their practices are premised on the belief
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์ด๋“ค ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋Š” ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฏฟ์Œ์„ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์— ๋‘๊ณ  ์ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:46
that everyone deserves good design.
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๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋‚˜ ์ข‹์€ ๋””์ž์ธ์„ ๋ˆ„๋ฆด ์ž๊ฒฉ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ฏฟ์Œ์ด์ฃ .
09:52
Dedicating more practices to the public good
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๊ณต๊ณต์˜ ์ด์ต์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์‚ฌ์—…์— ๋”์šฑ ์ „๋…ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ
09:54
will not only create more design that is dignifying,
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์กด์—„์„ฑ์„ ๋†’์ด๋Š” ๋””์ž์ธ์ด ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ํƒ„์ƒํ•  ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
09:58
but it will also dignify the practice of design.
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๋””์ž์ธ ์—…๋ฌด ์ž์ฒด์˜ ์กด์—„์„ฑ๋„ ๋†’์•„์งˆ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:02
It will not only diversify the client base of design,
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๋””์ž์ธ์˜ ๊ณ ๊ฐ์ธต์ด ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•ด์งˆ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
10:06
but it will also create new, more diverse forms of design
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์„ธ์ƒ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋”์šฑ ์ƒˆ๋กญ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋””์ž์ธ ํ˜•ํƒœ๊ฐ€ ์ฐฝ์กฐ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:10
for the world.
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10:13
Now, in order to do this,
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์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ์‹คํ˜„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ
10:16
my architecture and design friends, especially my fellow white guys,
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๊ฑด์ถ•๊ณผ ๋””์ž์ธ ๋ถ„์•ผ์˜ ์ œ ๋™๋ฃŒ๋“ค, ํŠนํžˆ ๋ฐฑ์ธ ๋‚จ์„ฑ ๋™๋ฃŒ๋“ค์€
10:19
we must simultaneously and significantly diversify our ranks.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์„ ์ผ์ œํžˆ ์ƒ๋‹น ๋ถ€๋ถ„ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ™”ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:25
If we want the public to believe that design is for them
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋””์ž์ธ์ด ๋Œ€์ค‘๊ณผ ๋ชจ๋‘๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž„์„ ๋ฏฟ์–ด์ฃผ๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž€๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
10:28
and for everyone.
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10:29
Today, barely 15 percent
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ํ˜„์žฌ, ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ๋“ฑ๋ก๋œ ๊ฑด์ถ•๊ฐ€ ์ค‘์—์„œ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์€ ๊ฒจ์šฐ 15%์— ๋ถˆ๊ณผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:32
of registered architects in the United States are women.
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10:35
And a far smaller percentage are persons of color.
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๋˜ํ•œ, ์œ ์ƒ‰ ์ธ์ข…์˜ ๋น„์œจ์€ ๊ทธ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋‚ฎ์€ ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด์ฃ .
10:39
Other professions, like law and medicine
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๋ฒ•์กฐ๊ณ„๋‚˜ ์˜ํ•™๊ณ„ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ง์ข…์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š”
10:41
had made far greater strides in these crucial areas.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ์ด๋ฏธ ์ƒ๋‹นํ•œ ์ง„์ „์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:45
How might our shared built environment --
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๊ณต๊ณต์˜ ๊ฑด์ถ• ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์€ ๋˜ ์–ด๋–ค๊ฐ€์š”.
10:47
our homes, our hospitals, our schools, our public spaces --
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์ฃผํƒ, ๋ณ‘์›, ํ•™๊ต, ๊ณต๊ณต ์‹œ์„ค๋“ค์ด ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๋„๋ก ํ•˜๋ฉด ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ์š”?
10:51
be shaped differently
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10:53
if women and people of color
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์ฒญ์‚ฌ์ง„์˜ ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜์„ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด๋‚˜ ์œ ์ƒ‰ ์ธ์ข…์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋งก๋„๋ก ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
10:54
were behind half of the proverbial blueprints?
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10:57
It is not a question of whether,
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ํ• ์ง€ ๋ง์ง€์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
10:59
but to what extent
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์–ผ๋งˆ๋งŒํผ์ด๋‚˜
11:01
our buildings, our landscapes,
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๊ฑด๋ฌผ, ๋„์‹œ๊ฒฝ๊ด€,
11:03
our cities and our rural communities
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๋„์‹œ์™€ ์‹œ๊ณจ์˜ ์ง€์—ญ ๊ณต๋™์ฒด๊ฐ€
11:06
are less beautiful, less functional,
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๋œ ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ต๊ณ , ๋œ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์ ์ด๊ณ ,
11:09
less equitable and less dignifying
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๋œ ๊ณตํ‰ํ•˜๊ณ , ๋œ ์กด์—„์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š๋ƒ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:11
because women and people of color are less likely to be creating them.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์—ฌ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์œ ์ƒ‰์ธ์ข…์€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋‚ฎ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
11:16
As Winston Churchill famously noted in 1943
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1943๋…„์— ์œˆ์Šคํ„ด ์ฒ˜์น ์ด ์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ๋ง์„ ๋‚จ๊ฒผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:20
when he called for the rebuilding
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์ „์Ÿ ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ž…์€ ๋Ÿฐ๋˜์˜ ๊ตญํšŒ์˜์‚ฌ๋‹น ์žฌ๊ฑด์„ ์š”๊ตฌํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ์ฃ .
11:21
of London's war-damaged parliamentary chambers,
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11:24
"We shape our buildings, and afterward, they shape us."
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"์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์ด ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ์—๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
11:30
The good news is that we can change how we build
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๋‹คํ–‰์ธ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์„ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ง€์„์ง€ ์„ ํƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:33
and who we build for.
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11:35
Be that a health worker in rural Rwanda,
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๋ฅด์™„๋‹ค ์‹œ๊ณจ์˜ ์˜๋ฃŒ๊ณ„ ์ข…์‚ฌ์ž์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
11:38
or a birthing mother and nervous new father in the United States.
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์— ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์‚ฐ๋ชจ์™€ ๊ธด์žฅํ•œ ์•„๊ธฐ ์•„๋น ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ฃ .
11:43
We can do this by recommitting architecture
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๊ฑด์ถ•์„ ๋˜๋Œ์•„๋ณด๊ณ 
11:45
to the health, safety and welfare of the public.
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๊ฑด๊ฐ•๊ณผ ์•ˆ์ „, ๊ณต๊ณต๋ณต์ง€๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:49
This will pay dividends.
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ด๋“๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:51
Because once you see what design can do,
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๋””์ž์ธ์˜ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ์ผ๋‹จ ๋ˆˆ์œผ๋กœ ์ง์ ‘ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
11:54
you can't unsee it.
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๊ทธ๊ฑธ ๋ฌด์‹œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
11:56
And once you experience dignity,
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์กด์—„์„ฑ์„ ์ผ๋‹จ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜๋ฉด
11:59
you can't accept anything less.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐฐ์ œ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:01
Both become part of your possible.
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์ด ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ์—ด์–ด ์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:04
One of my favorite conversation partners is my 90-year-old grandmother,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ™” ์ƒ๋Œ€๋Š” 90์„ธ์ธ ์ €ํฌ ํ• ๋จธ๋‹ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:08
Audrey Gorwitz, from Oshkosh, Wisconsin.
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์ด๋ฆ„์€ ์˜ค๋“œ๋ฆฌ ๊ณ ๋ฅด์œ„์ธ ์ด๊ณ  ์œ„์Šค์ฝ˜์‹ ์ฃผ ์˜ค์‰ฌ์ฝ”์‰ฌ ์ถœ์‹ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:11
After one of our conversations about design,
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๋””์ž์ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ˆˆ ๋’ค์—
12:14
she wrote me a letter.
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์ œ๊ฒŒ ํŽธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์“ฐ์…จ์ฃ . ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:15
She said, "Dear Johnny,
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"์กฐ๋‹ˆ์—๊ฒŒ,
12:18
I thought the other day, as I sat in my doctor's office,
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์˜์‚ฌ ์ง„๋ฃŒ์‹ค์— ์•‰์•˜์„ ๋•Œ ๊ทธ๋•Œ ๋‚˜๋ˆˆ ๋Œ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋– ์˜ฌ๋ž๋‹จ๋‹ค.
12:21
how depressing it was,
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๋ฒฝ์˜ ์ƒ‰๊น” ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ ์นดํŽ˜ํŠธ๊นŒ์ง€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์šฐ์šธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋Š๊ปด์ง€๋˜์ง€..
12:22
from the color on the wall, to the carpet on the floor.
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12:24
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
12:26
Now I will have to call to see
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งฅ๋น ์ง€๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ๋งŒ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ์ง€ ์ข€ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๋ด์•ผ๊ฒ ์–ด."
12:27
who is responsible for the drabness in that place."
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12:30
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
12:32
In the same letter, mind you, she said,
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ํŽธ์ง€์— ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋‚ด์šฉ๋„ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:34
"I did call, and I got the man in charge,
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"์ฑ…์ž„์ž๋ฅผ ์•Œ์•„๋‚ด์„œ ์ „ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ฑธ์—ˆ๋‹จ๋‹ค.
12:36
and he said he appreciated someone calling him.
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์—ฐ๋ฝํ•ด์ค˜์„œ ๊ณ ๋ง™๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋”๊ตฌ๋‚˜.
12:39
My doctor's office is now on the list for an upgrade."
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด์ œ ๋‚ด ๋‹ด๋‹น์˜์‚ฌ ์ง„๋ฃŒ์‹ค์ด ์‹œ์„ค ๊ฐœ์„  ๋Œ€์ƒ์— ์˜ฌ๋ž๋‹จ๋‹ค."
12:42
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
12:44
She signed it by saying,
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๋๋งบ์Œ์€ ์ด ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:46
"It is always good to express one's opinion
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"์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑด ์ข‹์€ ์ผ์ด์•ผ. ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋งŒ ์ ์ ˆํ•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ง์ด์ง€."
12:48
if done in a proper manner."
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12:49
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
12:51
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
12:55
I love my grandma.
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์ „ ํ• ๋จธ๋‹ˆ๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์•„์š”.
12:56
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
12:58
Like my grandma Audrey,
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์ €ํฌ ํ• ๋จธ๋‹ˆ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
12:59
you deserve good design.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋„ ์ข‹์€ ๋””์ž์ธ์„ ๋ˆ„๋ฆด ์ž๊ฒฉ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:03
Because well-designed spaces
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์ž˜ ๋””์ž์ธ๋œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์€
13:05
are not just a matter of taste or a questions of aesthetics.
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์ทจํ–ฅ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ฏธ์  ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋งŒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
13:08
They literally shape our ideas about who we are in the world
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๋ฌธ์ž ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ด ์„ธ์ƒ์„ ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์‚ฌ์ƒ๊ณผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์ฃผ์–ด์ง„ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ
13:12
and what we deserve.
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ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:14
That is the essence of dignity.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ธ๊ฐ„ ์กด์—„์„ฑ์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ์ด์ฃ .
13:16
And both the opportunity and the responsibility of design
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๋””์ž์ธ์ด ๊ฐ–๋Š” ๊ธฐํšŒ์™€ ์ฑ…์ž„์€
13:20
for good
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๊ณต๊ณต์˜ ์ด์ต๊ณผ
13:21
and for all.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:23
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:24
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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