What Ping-Pong Taught Me About Life | Pico Iyer | TED

75,236 views ใƒป 2019-09-19

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์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Yeri Shin ๊ฒ€ํ† : Yunjung Nam
00:13
Every other night in Japan,
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์ €๋Š” ์ผ๋ณธ์—์„œ ๋งค์ผ ๋ฐค
00:16
I step out of my apartment,
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์™ธ์ถœ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:18
I climb up a hill for 15 minutes,
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15๋ถ„์ฏค ์–ธ๋•์„ ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ€
00:21
and then I head into my local health club,
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๋™๋„ค ํ—ฌ์Šคํด๋Ÿฝ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์ฃ .
00:25
where three ping-pong tables are set up in a studio.
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์‹ค๋‚ด์—๋Š” 3๋Œ€์˜ ํƒ๊ตฌ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
00:30
And space is limited,
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๊ณต๊ฐ„์€ ํ˜‘์†Œํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
00:32
so at every table,
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ํƒ๊ตฌ๋Œ€๋งˆ๋‹ค
00:33
one pair of players practices forehands,
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ํ•œ ํŒ€์€ ํฌํ•ธ๋“œ๋ฅผ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๊ณ 
00:36
another practices backhands,
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•œ ํŒ€์€ ๋ฐฑํ•ธ๋“œ๋ฅผ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜์ฃ .
00:39
and every now and then, the balls collide in midair
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๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ํƒ๊ตฌ๊ณต์ด ๊ณต์ค‘์—์„œ ๋ถ€๋”ช์น˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:42
and everybody says, "Wow!"
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์ „๋ถ€ ํ•จ์„ฑ์„ ์ง€๋ฅด์ฃ .
00:46
Then, choosing lots, we select partners and play doubles.
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์ œ๋น„ ๋ฝ‘๊ธฐ๋กœ ํŒŒํŠธ๋„ˆ๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ฅด๊ณ  ๋ณต์‹ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:51
But I honestly couldn't tell you who's won,
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ์ด๊ธฐ๋Š”์ง€๋„ ๋ชฐ๋ผ์š”.
00:54
because we change partners every five minutes.
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5๋ถ„ ๋งˆ๋‹ค ์ƒ๋Œ€ ์„ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋€Œ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
00:59
And everybody is trying really hard
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๋‹ค๋“ค ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ ค๊ณ 
01:02
to win points,
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์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ๋›ฐ์ง€๋งŒ
01:04
but nobody is keeping track of who is winning games.
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์‹ฌํŒ์„ ๋ณด๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋„ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:08
And after an hour or so of furious exertion,
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์—ด๋ค ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฒŒ์ธ์ง€ ํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ฏค ์ง€๋‚˜๋ฉด
01:13
I can honestly tell you
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์ •๋ง์ด์ง€ ๋ง์ด์ฃ ,
01:14
that not knowing who has won
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์Šน์ž๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
01:17
feels like the ultimate victory.
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์˜คํžˆ๋ ค ์Šน๋ฆฌํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋Š๊ปด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:21
In Japan, it's been said,
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์ผ๋ณธ์—๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ง์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:23
they've created a competitive spirit without competition.
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๊ฒฝ์Ÿ ์—†์ด ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์‹ฌ์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฅธ๋‹ค.
01:30
Now, all of you know that geopolitics is best followed by watching ping-pong.
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ํƒ๊ตฌ๊ด€๋žŒ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ •์น˜์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
01:37
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
01:38
The two strongest powers in the world were fiercest enemies
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ํ•œ๋•Œ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๋‘ ๊ฐ•๋Œ€๊ตญ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์น˜์—ดํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋Œ€๋ฆฝํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:43
until, in 1972, an American ping-pong team
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ 1972๋…„ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ํƒ๊ตฌํŒ€์ด
01:48
was allowed to visit Communist China.
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์ค‘๊ณต์˜ ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•„ ์ž…๊ตญํ•˜๊ณ 
01:52
And as soon as the former adversaries
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋‘ ์ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€
01:54
were gathered around some small green tables,
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์ž‘์€ ์ดˆ๋ก์ƒ‰ ํ…Œ์ด๋ธ”์„ ๋งˆ์ฃผํ•˜๋Š” ์ˆœ๊ฐ„
01:58
each of them could claim a victory,
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์„œ๋กœ ์ž๊ธฐ๋“ค์ด ์ด๊ธธ๊บผ๋ผ ์žฅ๋‹ดํ–ˆ๊ณ 
02:01
and the whole world could breathe more easily.
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์ „์„ธ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์ˆจ์ฃฝ์ธ ์ฑ„ ์ง€์ผœ๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:05
China's leader, Mao Zedong,
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์ค‘๊ตญ์˜ ๋ฆฌ๋”, ๋งˆ์˜ค์ฉŒ๋‘ฅ์€
02:07
wrote a whole manual on ping-pong,
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ํƒ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ ์„ค๋ช…์„œ๋ฅผ ์ง‘ํ•„ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ ,
02:10
and he called the sport "a spiritual nuclear weapon."
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์ด ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ "์ •์‹ ์  ํ•ต ์ „์Ÿ" ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:16
And it's been said that the only honorary lifelong member
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ํƒ๊ตฌ ํ˜‘ํšŒ์—์„œ ์ธ์ •ํ•œ
02:20
of the US Table Tennis Association
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๋‹จ ํ•œ๋ช…์˜ ์˜๊ตฌ ๋ช…์˜ˆ ํšŒ์›์€
02:22
is the then-President Richard Nixon,
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ํ•‘ํ(ํƒ๊ตฌ) ์™ธ๊ต๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด
02:25
who helped to engineer this win-win situation
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๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ์ด๋“์„ ๋ณด๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ 
02:29
through ping-pong diplomacy.
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๋ฆฌ์ฒ˜๋“œ ๋‹‰์Šจ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋ง๋„ ์žˆ์ฃ .
02:33
But long before that,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์ „๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
02:34
really, the history of the modern world
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ํ˜„๋Œ€ ์‚ฌํšŒ์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ๋Š”
02:37
was best told through the bouncing white ball.
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ํ†ตํ†ต ํŠ€๋Š” ํ•˜์–€ ๊ณต์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:42
"Ping-pong" sounds like a cousin of "sing-song,"
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"ํ•‘ํ(ํƒ๊ตฌ)"์€ ๋งˆ์น˜ "์‹ฑ์†ก"๊ณผ ๋น„์Šทํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
02:46
like something Eastern,
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๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ๋™์–‘์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์ง€๋งŒ
02:48
but actually, it's believed that it was invented by high-class Brits
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” ๋น…ํ† ๋ฆฌ์•„ ์‹œ๋Œ€์˜ ์ƒ๋ฅ˜์ธต ์˜๊ตญ์ธ๋“ค์ด ์ €๋… ์‹์‚ฌ ํ›„
02:53
during Victorian times,
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์ฑ…์ด ๋นผ๊ณกํ•œ ๋ฒฝ์„ ํ–ฅํ•ด
02:55
who started hitting wine corks over walls of books after dinner.
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์™€์ธ ์ฝ”๋ฅดํฌ ๋งˆ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ๋˜์ง€๋ฉฐ ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:00
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
03:01
No exaggeration.
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์ง„์งญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:02
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
03:03
And by the end of World War I,
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์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ œ 1์ฐจ ๋Œ€์ „์ด ๋๋‚  ๋ฌด๋ ต์—๋Š”
03:05
the sport was dominated by players from the former Austro-Hungarian Empire:
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์˜ค์ŠคํŠธ๋ฆฌ์•„-ํ—๊ฐ€๋ฆฌ ์ œ๊ตญ์ด ํƒ๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ฐ•์ž์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:11
eight out of nine early world championships
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์„ธ๊ณ„ ์„ ์ˆ˜๊ถŒ ๋Œ€ํšŒ ์ดˆ์ฐฝ๊ธฐ 9๋ฒˆ ์ค‘ 8๋ฒˆ์„
03:14
were claimed by Hungary.
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ํ—๊ฐ€๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์šฐ์Šนํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:16
And Eastern Europeans grew so adept
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๋™์œ ๋Ÿฝ์ธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ํ–ฅํ•ด ์˜ค๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ณต์„
03:19
at hitting back everything that was hit at them
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ž˜ ๋˜๋ฐ›์•„ ์ณค๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
03:23
that they almost brought the whole sport to a standstill.
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์Šคํฌ์ธ ์—์„œ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:27
In one championship match in Prague in 1936,
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1936๋…„ ํ”„๋ผํ•˜์—์„œ ์—ด๋ฆฐ ์ฑ”ํ”ผ์–ธ ๊ฒฐ์ •์ „์—์„œ
03:31
the first point is said to have lasted two hours and 12 minutes.
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์ฒซ ๋“์ ์ด ๋ฌด๋ ค 2์‹œ๊ฐ„ 12๋ถ„ ๋งŒ์— ๋‚˜์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:37
The first point!
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์ฒซ ๋“์  ๋ง์ด์ฃ !
03:38
Longer than a "Mad Max" movie.
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์˜ํ™” "๋งค๋“œ ๋งฅ์Šค"๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๊ธธ์–ด์š”.
03:41
And according to one of the players, the umpire had to retire with a sore neck
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์„ ์ˆ˜๋“ค ์ค‘ ํ•œ ๋ช…์ด ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ๋Š” ์‹ฌํŒ์ด ๋“์ ์ด ๋‚˜๊ธฐ ์ „์—
03:47
before the point was concluded.
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๋ชฉ์ด ์•„ํŒŒ์„œ ์€ํ‡ดํ•ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋„ค์š”.
03:49
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
03:50
That player started hitting the ball back with his left hand
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๊ทธ ์„ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์™ผ์†์œผ๋กœ ๊ณต์„ ๋˜๋ฐ›์•„์น˜๊ณ 
03:54
and dictating chess moves between shots.
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๊ณต ์‚ฌ์ด ์‚ฌ์ด ์ฒด์Šค๋„ ๋‘์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:57
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
03:58
Many in the audience started, of course, filing out,
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๋‹น์‹œ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ง€์ผœ๋ณธ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ด€์ค‘๋“ค์€
04:01
as that single point lasted maybe 12,000 strokes.
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๋‹จ 1์ ์„ ๋‚ด๋Š”๋ฐ 12,000ํƒ€ ์ด์ƒ ์˜ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ”๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:06
And an emergency meeting of the International Table Tennis Association
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ตญ์ œ ํƒ๊ตฌ ํ˜‘ํšŒ๋Š”
04:11
had to be held then and there,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ฐจ๋ก€์˜ ๊ธด๊ธ‰ ํšŒ์˜๋ฅผ ์—ด์–ด
04:14
and soon the rules were changed
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๊ทœ์น™์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:16
so that no game could last longer than 20 minutes.
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋„ 20๋ถ„ ์ด์ƒ ์ง€์†ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋„๋ก ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
04:20
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
04:22
Sixteen years later, Japan entered the picture,
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16๋…„ ํ›„, ์ผ๋ณธ์ด ๋“ฑ์žฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:26
when a little-known watchmaker called Hiroji Satoh
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ํžˆ๋กœ์ง€ ์‚ฌํ† ๋ผ๋Š” ์ž˜ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์‹œ๊ณ„ ์ œ์กฐ์—…์ž๊ฐ€
04:30
showed up at the world championships in Bombay in 1952.
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1952๋…„ ๋ด„๋ฒ ์ด ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์„ ์ˆ˜๊ถŒ ๋Œ€ํšŒ์— ์ถœ์ „ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:36
And Satoh was not very big, he wasn't highly rated,
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์‚ฌํ† ๋Š” ํ‚ค๋„ ํฌ์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๋žญํ‚น๋„ ๋†’์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:40
he was wearing spectacles,
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์•ˆ๊ฒฝ๋„ ์“ฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
04:43
but he was armed with a paddle that was not pimpled,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ณ ๋ฌด๊ฐ€ ๋Œ์ถœ๋œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ํƒ๊ตฌ์ฑ„๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ
04:48
as other paddles were,
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ข…๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
04:49
but covered by a thick spongy rubber foam.
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๋‘๊บผ์šด ์ŠคํŽ€์ง€๋กœ ๋œ ํƒ๊ตฌ์ฑ„ ์˜€์–ด์š”.
04:54
And thanks to this silencing secret weapon,
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์ด ๋น„๋ฐ€ ๋ณ‘๊ธฐ ๋•๋ถ„์—
04:59
the little-known Satoh won a gold medal.
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๊ฑฐ์˜ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋˜ ์‚ฌํ†  ์„ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์šฐ์Šน์„ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:02
One million people came out into the streets of Tokyo
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100๋งŒ๋ช…์˜ ๋„์ฟ„ ์‹œ๋ฏผ๋“ค์ด ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๋›ฐ์ณ๋‚˜์™€
05:07
to greet him upon his return,
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๊ทธ์˜ ๊ท€๊ตญ์„ ๋ฐ˜๊ฒผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:09
and really, Japan's postwar resurgence was set into motion.
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์ „ํ›„ ์ผ๋ณธ์ด ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ถ€ํฅํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:16
What I learned, though, at my regular games in Japan,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ—ฌ์Šคํด๋Ÿฝ์—์„œ ํƒ๊ตฌ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋ฐฐ์šด ๊ฒƒ์€
05:21
is more what could be called the inner sport of global domination,
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ํƒ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ง€๋ฐฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋‚ด๋ฐ€ํ•œ ์šด๋™์ด๋ฉฐ
05:27
sometimes known as life.
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๋•Œ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‚ถ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:30
We never play singles in our club,
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ํ—ฌ์Šคํด๋Ÿฝ์—์„œ ์ ˆ๋Œ€๋กœ ํ˜ผ์ž ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ธฐ์—
05:34
only doubles,
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๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ํŒŒํŠธ๋„ˆ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๊ณ 
05:35
and because, as I say, we change partners every five minutes,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ–ˆ๋“ฏ, 5๋ถ„ ๋งˆ๋‹ค ์ƒ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
05:39
if you do happen to lose, you're very likely to win
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ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ์ ธ๋„ ๋‹ค์Œ 6๋ถ„ ํ›„์—๋Š”
05:43
six minutes later.
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์ด๊ธธ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:45
We also play best-of-two sets,
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๋•Œ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ๊ฐ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ 
05:48
so often, there's no loser at all.
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์•„๋ฌด๋„ ํŒจ๋ฐฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:52
Ping-pong diplomacy.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ํ•‘ํ(ํƒ๊ตฌ) ์™ธ๊ต์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:54
And I always remember that as a boy growing up in England,
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์˜๊ตญ์—์„œ ์ž๋ผ๋ฉด์„œ
05:57
I was taught that the point of a game was to win.
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๊ฒŒ์ž„์€ ์ด๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฐฐ์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:02
But in Japan, I'm encouraged to believe that, really, the point of a game
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ผ๋ณธ์—์„œ ๊ฒŒ์ž„์ด๋ž€
06:07
is to make as many people as possible around you feel that they are winners.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ฃผ๋ณ€์˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ด๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:13
So you're not careening up and down as an individual might,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ˆœ์œ„ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ธ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
06:16
but you're part of a regular, steady chorus.
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๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ์ •์‹ ์„ ์ˆ˜์ด์ž ํŒ€์˜ ํ›„๋ณด๋‚˜ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ฃ .
06:21
The most skillful players in our club
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ํ—ฌ์Šคํด๋Ÿฝ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋›ฐ์–ด๋‚œ ์„ ์ˆ˜๋“ค์€
06:25
deploy their skills to turn a 9-1 lead for their team
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9-1๋กœ ์ด๊ธฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒŒ์ž„์„ 9-9๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:29
into a 9-9 game in which everybody is intensely involved.
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์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์„ ์ˆ˜๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ์ฃ .
06:34
And my friend who hits these high, looping lobs
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์ œ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์•„์ฃผ ๋†’์€ ๋“œ๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ๋ฅผ ์ž˜ ์ณ์„œ
06:39
that smaller players flail at and miss --
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๋งŽ์€ ํšŒ์›๋“ค์ด ๋ฐ›์•„์น˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:43
well, he wins a lot of points, but I think he's thought of as a loser.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋‚ด์ง€๋งŒ ๊ธ€์Ž„์š”. ์ข€ ์ฐŒ์งˆํ•ด๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š๋‚˜์š”?
06:48
In Japan, a game of ping-pong is really like an act of love.
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์ผ๋ณธ์—์„œ๋Š” ํƒ๊ตฌ๊ฒŒ์ž„์„ ์—ฐ์• ๋กœ ๋น„์œ ํ•˜์ฃ .
06:54
You're learning how to play with somebody,
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์ƒ๋Œ€๋ฐฉ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์†Œํ†ตํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:56
rather than against her.
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๋Œ€๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ์š”.
06:59
And I'll confess,
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์ €๋Š” ์ฒ˜์Œ์—๋Š”
07:00
at first, this seemed to me to take all the fun out of the sport.
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ํƒ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ง ์žฌ๋ฏธ์—†๋Š” ์Šคํฌ์ธ ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:05
I couldn't exult after a tremendous upset victory against our strongest players,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ํด๋Ÿฝ์˜ ๊ฐ•์ž๋“ค์„ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ์—ญ์ „์Šน์œผ๋กœ ์ด๊ธฐ๊ณ ๋„ ๊ธฐ๋ปํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์ฃ .
07:10
because six minutes later, with a new partner,
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด 6๋ถ„ ํ›„ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํŒŒํŠธ๋„ˆ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๊ณ 
07:13
I was falling behind again.
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์ €๋Š” ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋’ค์ณ์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:15
On the other hand, I never felt disconsolate.
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๋ฐ˜๋ฉด์—, ์ €๋Š” ๋‚™๋‹ดํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:20
And when I flew away from Japan and started playing singles again
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ผ๋ณธ์„ ๋– ๋‚˜ ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ˜ผ์ž ๊ฒŒ์ž„์„ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:24
with my English archrival,
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์ €์˜ ์˜๊ตญ ์ตœ๋Œ€์˜ ๋ผ์ด๋ฒŒ๊ณผ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
07:27
I noticed that after every defeat, I was really brokenhearted.
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๋งค ํŒจ๋ฐฐ์˜ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„๋งˆ๋‹ค ์ •๋ง๋กœ ์†์ƒํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
07:33
But after every victory, I couldn't sleep either,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์Šน๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์—๋„ ์ž ์„ ์ž˜ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:37
because I knew there was only one way to go,
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๊ฐ€์•ผํ•  ๊ธธ์ด ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋ฐ–์— ์—†์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
07:39
and that was down.
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ํŒจ๋ฐฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:43
Now, if I were trying to do business in Japan,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋งŒ์•ฝ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ผ๋ณธ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์—…์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
07:47
this would lead to endless frustration.
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๊ณ„์† ์ขŒ์ ˆ์„ ๊ฒช์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:51
In Japan, unlike elsewhere,
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์ผ๋ณธ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‚˜๋ผ์™€ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ
07:53
if the score is still level after four hours,
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๋งŒ์•ฝ 4์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ง€๋‚˜๋„ ์ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค๋ฉด
07:56
a baseball game ends in a tie,
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์•ผ๊ตฌ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋™์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋์ด ๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:00
and because the league standings are based on winning percentage,
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๋˜ํ•œ ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ์ˆœ์œ„๋Š” ์Šน๋ฅ ์— ๊ธฐ์ดˆํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
08:05
a team with quite a few ties can finish ahead
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๋” ๋งŽ์ด ๋™์  ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•œ ํŒ€์ด ์•ž์„œ ๋‚˜๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:08
of a team with more victories.
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๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์Šน๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ•œ ํŒ€๋ณด๋‹ค
08:12
One of the first times an American was ever brought over to Japan
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ์ด ์ผ๋ณธ ํ”„๋กœ์•ผ๊ตฌํŒ€์„ ์ด๋Œ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
08:15
to lead a professional Japanese baseball team,
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์ผ๋ณธ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ„ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ฒซ ์‚ฌ๋ก€์ธ
08:19
Bobby Valentine, in 1995,
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1995๋…„ ๋ฐ”๋น„ ๋ฐœ๋ Œํƒ€์ธ์€
08:22
he took this really mediocre squad,
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ง€๊ทนํžˆ ํ‰๋ฒ”ํ–ˆ๋˜ ํŒ€์„ ์ด๋Œ์–ด
08:24
he lead them to a stunning second-place finish,
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์ค€์šฐ์Šน์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์—…์ ์„ ์ด๋ค„๋ƒˆ์ง€๋งŒ
08:28
and he was instantly fired.
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์ฆ‰์‹œ ํ•ด๊ณ ๋‹นํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:30
Why?
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์™œ ๊ทธ๋žฌ์„๊นŒ์š”?
08:31
"Well," said the team spokesman,
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ํŒ€์˜ ๋Œ€๋ณ€์ธ์€ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:33
"because of his emphasis on winning."
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"๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์Šน๋ฆฌ์— ์ค‘์ ์„ ๋‘์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค"
08:37
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
08:38
Official Japan can feel quite a lot like that point
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์ด ๋ง์€ ์ผ๋ณธ์ด ์•ž์„œ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•œ 2์‹œ๊ฐ„ 12๋ถ„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ง€์†๋˜์—ˆ๋˜
08:41
that was said to last two hours and 12 minutes,
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๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ์™€ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ์ง€์ ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
08:45
and playing not to lose
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์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ ค ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐํ•˜๋‹ค๋ณด๋ฉด ์žƒ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:47
can take all the imagination, the daring, the excitement, out of things.
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์ƒ์ƒ๋ ฅ, ๋Œ€๋ฒ”ํ•จ, ํฅ๋ถ„ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„์š”.
08:54
At the same time, playing ping-pong in Japan
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๋™์‹œ์— ์ผ๋ณธ์—์„œ ํƒ๊ตฌ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋‹ค๋ณด๋ฉด
08:58
reminds me why choirs regularly enjoy more fun
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋…์ฃผํšŒ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ•ฉ์ฐฝ๋‹จ์„ ๋” ์ข‹์•„ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ
09:03
than soloists.
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๊นจ๋‹ซ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:05
In a choir, your only job is to play your small part perfectly,
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ํ•ฉ์ฐฝ๋‹จ์—์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์€ ๋งก์€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์™„๋ฒฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ
09:11
to hit your notes with feeling,
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๊ฐ์ •์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์Œ์„ ์—ฐ์ฃผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:14
and by so doing, to help to create a beautiful harmony
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ์กฐํ™”๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:18
that's much greater than the sum of its parts.
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๊ทธ ์กฐํ™”๋Š” ๊ฐ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ๋”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ต์ฃ .
09:23
Yes, every choir does need a conductor,
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋ชจ๋“  ํ•ฉ์ฐฝ๋‹จ์—๋Š” ์ง€ํœ˜์ž๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
09:26
but I think a choir releases you from a child's simple sense of either-ors.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ•ฉ์ฐฝ์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ์ด๋ถ„๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๋ฐฉ์‹œ์ผœ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:33
You come to see that the opposite of winning isn't losing --
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์Šน๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋ง์€ ํŒจ๋ฐฐ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:38
it's failing to see the larger picture.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์‹œ์•ผ๋ฅผ ๋„“ํž ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:43
As my life goes on,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ธ์ƒ์„ ์‚ด๋ฉด์„œ ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์€ ๊ฒƒ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”
09:46
I'm really startled to see that no event
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์–ด๋– ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ํ›„ ๋ช‡๋…„์ด ์ง€๋‚˜๋„
09:50
can properly be assessed for years after it has unfolded.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋Š ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:57
I once lost everything I owned in the world,
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์ €๋Š” ํ•œ๋•Œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์žƒ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:01
every last thing, in a wildfire.
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์ •๋ง ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„์š”.
10:05
But in time, I came to see that it was that seeming loss
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ํ๋ฅด๊ณ  ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žƒ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
10:09
that allowed me to live on the earth more gently,
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์ €๋Š” ์ด ์ง€๊ตฌ ์œ„์—์„œ ์ข€ ๋” ๊ฒธ์†ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ด๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ 
10:13
to write without notes,
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๋…ธํŠธ ์—†์ด ๊ธ€์„ ์“ธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ 
10:16
and actually, to move to Japan
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ผ๋ณธ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ฎ๊ฒจ๊ฐ€
10:18
and the inner health club known as the ping-pong table.
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ํƒ๊ตฌ๋Œ€์—์„œ ๋‚ด๋ฉด์˜ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์„ ์–ป์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:23
Conversely, I once stumbled into the perfect job,
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๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ „์— ๋‹ค๋“ค ์ธ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ํšŒ์‚ฌ์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ„ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
10:28
and I came to see that seeming happiness
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๊ทธ๋•Œ ๊ฒ‰์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ํ–‰๋ณตํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋„
10:31
can stand in the way of true joy
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๋ถˆํ–‰์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํž˜๋“ค๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
10:34
even more than misery does.
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์ง„์ •์œผ๋กœ ํ–‰๋ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:37
Playing doubles in Japan really relieves me of all my anxiety,
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์ผ๋ณธ์—์„œ ๋ณต์‹๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ €์˜ ๊ทผ์‹ฌ์„ ์—†์• ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:43
and at the end of an evening,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋…์ด ๋๋‚  ๋ฌด๋ ต์—๋Š”
10:44
I notice everybody is filing out in a more or less equal state of delight.
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๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ์ •๋„์˜ ๊ธฐ์จ์„ ๋Š๋ผ๋ฉฐ ์ผํ„ฐ์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:52
I'm reminded every night
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๋งค์ผ ๋ฐค ๋˜์ƒˆ๊น๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:54
that not getting ahead isn't the same thing as falling behind
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์•ž์„œ๋‚˜๊ฐ€์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋’ค์ณ์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ณ 
11:00
any more than not being lively is the same thing as being dead.
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์˜์š•์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ์ฃฝ์Œ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅด์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ
11:06
And I've come to understand why it is
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:08
that Chinese universities are said to offer degrees in ping-pong,
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์ค‘๊ตญ ๋Œ€ํ•™๋“ค์ด ํƒ๊ตฌ ํ•™์œ„๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋ฅผ
11:14
and why researchers have found that ping-pong
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํƒ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋ฒผ์šด ์ •์‹ ์งˆํ™˜์—
11:17
can actually help a little with mild mental disorders
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๋„์›€์ด ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฐํ˜€์ง„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:21
and even autism.
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์žํ์ฆ๊นŒ์ง€
11:24
But as I watch the 2020 Olympics in Tokyo,
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์ €๋Š” 2020๋…„ ๋„์ฟ„ ์˜ฌ๋ฆผํ”ฝ์„ ๋ณผ ๋•Œ
11:28
I'm going to be keenly aware
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์˜ˆ๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์•Œ์•„์ฐจ๋ฆด ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:31
that it won't be possible to tell who's won or who's lost
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๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ์ด๊ฒผ๋Š”์ง€ ์กŒ๋Š”์ง€ ์•„์ฃผ ์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž„์„์š”.
11:35
for a very long time.
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11:39
You remember that point I mentioned
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2์‹œ๊ฐ„ 12๋ถ„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ง€์†๋˜์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ
11:42
that was said to last for two hours and 12 minutes?
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๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
11:45
Well, one of the players from that game ended up, six years later,
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๊ทธ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋๋‚˜๊ณ  ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์ค‘ ํ•œ ๋ช…์€ 6๋…„ ํ›„
11:50
in the concentration camps of Auschwitz and Dachau.
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์•„์šฐ์Šˆ๋น„์ธ ์™€ ๋‹คํ•˜์šฐ ๊ฐ•์ œ์ˆ˜์šฉ๋กœ ๋Œ๋ ค๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:55
But he walked out alive.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹คํ–‰์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ๋„ ์‚ด์•„๋‚จ์•˜์ฃ .
11:59
Why?
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๋žฌ์„๊นŒ์š”?
12:00
Simply because a guard in the gas chamber
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๊ฐ€์Šค์‹ค์˜ ๊ฐ„์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜์šฉ์†Œ์—์„œ ํƒ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์น˜๋Š” ๋‚ 
12:03
recognized him from his ping-pong playing days.
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๊ทธ๋ฅผ ์•Œ์•„๋ดค๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
12:08
Had he been the winner of that epic match?
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ๋‹น์‹œ ์Šน๋ฆฌํ–ˆ์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€๋Š”
12:11
It hardly mattered.
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์ค‘์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:12
As you recall, many people had filed out before even the first point was concluded.
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๋‹น์‹œ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ด€์ค‘๋“ค์ด ์ฒซ ๋“์ ์ด ๋‚˜์˜ค๊ธฐ ์ „์— ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ์žฅ์„ ๋– ๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:19
The only thing that saved him
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์‚ด์•„๋‚จ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ๋‹จ ํ•œ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ด์œ ๋Š”
12:21
was the fact that he took part.
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ์— ์ฐธ๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:25
The best way to win any game,
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์‹œํ•ฉ์„ ์ด๊ธฐ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด๋ž€?
12:27
Japan tells me every other night,
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์ผ๋ณธ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:30
is never, never to think about the score.
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์ ˆ๋Œ€, ์ ˆ๋Œ€, ์ ์ˆ˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ๋ผ.
12:37
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:38
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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