Yuko Munakata: The science behind how parents affect child development | TED

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2021-06-02 ใƒป TED


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Yuko Munakata: The science behind how parents affect child development | TED

456,486 views ใƒป 2021-06-02

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์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

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๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Hyunjin LEE ๊ฒ€ํ† : DK Kim
๋ช‡ ๋…„ ์ „ ์ œ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ๋๋‚˜๊ณ  ํ•œ ํ•™์ƒ์ด ์ €๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์œก์•„์™€ ์•„๋™ ๋ฐœ๋‹ฌ ์ˆ˜์—…์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ ํ•™์ƒ์€ ์ž ์‹œ ๋ง์„ค์ด๋”๋‹ˆ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๊ณ ๋ฐฑํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:13
A few years ago,
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00:14
a student came up to me after the second day of my class
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โ€œ์ €๋Š” ์ด ์ฃผ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ง ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด๋ฐ,
00:17
on parenting and child development.
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์–ธ์  ๊ฐ€ ์•„์ด๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ธฐ๋ฉด ์ข‹์€ ๋ถ€๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋„๋ก ํ•ด์ฃผ๋Š” ์ˆ˜์—…์ผ ์ค„ ์•Œ์•˜์–ด์š”.โ€
00:20
She hesitated for a second and then she confessed,
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๊ทธ ํ•™์ƒ์€ ์‹ค๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:24
"I'm really interested in this material,
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00:26
but I was hoping your class would help me to become a better parent
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์ €๋Š” ์•„์ด๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋˜๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ถ€๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ํ†ต์ œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„
00:30
if I have kids someday."
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์ด ํ•™์ƒ์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๋ ค ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:32
She was disappointed.
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๊ทธ ํ•™์ƒ์€ ์ œ ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ๋„์›€์ด ์•ˆ ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์„ ๋‚ด๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:34
We were going to talk about how parents do not have control
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00:38
in shaping who their children become.
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์ €๋Š” ํ—ˆ๋ฅผ ์ฐ”๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์œก์•„์™€ ์•„๋™ ๋ฐœ๋‹ฌ์˜ ๊ณผํ•™์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
00:41
She jumped to the conclusion that my class wouldn't help her.
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์ข‹์€ ๋ถ€๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ ์š”?
00:46
I was caught off guard.
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์ œ ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ๋ฐ”๊ฟจ๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:48
Would confronting the science of parenting and child development,
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๋ถ€๋ชจ๋Š” ์ž๋…€์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฃผ๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:52
not be relevant to being a good parent?
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์ Š์€ ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋“  ๋‚˜์ด ๋งŽ์€ ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋“ ,
00:55
I hope that my class changed her mind.
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๋ถ€์œ ํ•˜๋“  ๊ฐ€๋‚œํ•˜๋“ ,
๊ฒฐํ˜ผํ–ˆ๋“  ์ดํ˜ผํ–ˆ๋“  ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
00:59
Parents want what's best for their children,
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์œก์•„ ์„œ์ ์—์„œ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ฑ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ๋‘˜์ง€,
01:01
young and old parents,
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01:03
rich and poor,
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๋ถ€๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ๋งค์ผ ๋งˆ์ฃผํ•˜๋Š” ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๊ฒฐ์ •๋“ค์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์กฐ์ •ํ• ์ง€,
01:05
married and divorced.
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01:07
And parenting books promise to show how to achieve the best outcomes,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ์™œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€๋„ ๋ฐํ˜€์ค€๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜์ฃ .
01:12
to address the difficult decisions that parents face every day
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์œก์•„ ์„œ์ ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ์ƒ๋ฐ˜๋˜๋Š” ๋ง์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:17
and in the process, to reveal why each of us turned out the way we did.
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ํ˜ธ๋ž‘์ด ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ถ€๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ธ๊ฐ€? ๋ฐฉ์ž„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ธ๊ฐ€?
01:23
The problem is that parenting books send conflicting messages.
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์„ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํ–‰๋ณตํ•œ ์•„์ด๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋„ค๋œ๋ž€๋“œ ๋ถ€๋ชจ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์–‘์œกํ• ๊นŒ์š”,
01:27
Tiger parenting or free-range parenting?
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์ž๋ฆฝ์ ์ธ ์•„์ด๋กœ ํ‚ค์šฐ๋Š” ๋…์ผ ๋ถ€๋ชจ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์–‘์œกํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
01:31
Parent like the Dutch to raise the happiest kids in the world
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ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ผ๊ด€๋˜๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งŒ์•ฝ ์ž๋…€๊ฐ€ ์„ฑ๊ณตํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
01:36
or like the Germans, to raise self-reliant children?
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ์ž˜๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋ž˜๋„ ์ข‹์€ ์†Œ์‹์€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:40
The one consistent message is that if your child isn't succeeding,
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๊ณผํ•™์€ ์ „ํ˜€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์ง€์ง€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:44
you're doing something wrong.
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๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ž์œจ๊ถŒ์„ ์ฃผ๋Š” ๋‚ด์šฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:47
There's good news, though.
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๋ถ€๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฐ์ •์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์•„์ด๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ž๋ผ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ
01:48
The science supports a totally different message
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์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
01:52
that is ultimately empowering.
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๋งˆ์น˜ ๋‚˜๋น„ ํ•œ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋‚ ๊ฐฏ์ง“์—์„œ
01:56
Trying to predict how a child will turn out
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ํƒœํ’์„ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:59
based on choices made by the parents
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ง์„ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
02:02
is like trying to predict a hurricane
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๋‚˜๋น„ ํ•œ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ค‘๊ตญ์—์„œ ๋‚ ๊ฐฏ์ง“์„ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ํ•˜๋ฉด
02:05
from the flap of a butterfly's wings.
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๋ฐ”๋žŒ์˜ ํ๋ฆ„์ด ๋ฐ”๋€” ๋งŒํผ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์š”๋™ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ณ 
02:09
Do you know the butterfly,
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02:11
the proverbial one, that flaps its wings in China,
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๊ทธ ๋ฐ”๋žŒ์€ ํ•˜๋Š˜๋กœ ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ€์„œ ์—ด๋Œ€ ๊ธฐํ›„์˜ ํ•ด๋ณ€๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ถˆ์–ด๊ฐ€
02:14
perturbing the atmosphere just enough to shift wind currents
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์†Œ์šฉ๋Œ์ด ๋ฐ”๋žŒ์ด ๋˜์–ด ๋ฐ”๋‹ค์˜ ์ˆ˜๋ถ„ ์ฆ๋ฐœ์„ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ 
02:19
that make their way to the skies over tropical white beaches
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์นด๋ฆฌ๋ธŒํ•ด์˜ ํƒœํ’์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋‚ธ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋‚˜๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ ๊ฐฏ์ง“์„ ํ•œ ์ง€ 6์ฃผ ๋’ค์— ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
02:23
intensifying the water evaporating from the ocean in a spiral of wind
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋ผ๋ฉด,
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๋‚ ๊ฐฏ์ง“์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‚˜๋น„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:28
and fueling a hurricane in the Caribbean
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02:31
six weeks after that flutter of wings.
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์•„์ด๋Š” ์ˆจ ๋ง‰ํžˆ๋Š” ์ž์—ฐ์˜ ํž˜์ธ ํƒœํ’์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:34
If you are a parent,
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02:36
you are the butterfly flapping your wings.
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๋งˆ์น˜ ๋‚˜๋น„๊ฐ€ ํƒœํ’์„ ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๋“ฏ์ด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์•„์ด์˜ ์ธ๊ฒฉ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:40
Your child is the hurricane, a breathtaking force of nature.
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๋ณต์žกํ•˜๊ณ , ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์–ด ๋ณด์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
02:45
You will shape the person your child becomes
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02:47
like the butterfly shapes the hurricane
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๋‚˜๋น„๊ฐ€ ์—†์ด๋Š” ํƒœํ’๋„ ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:50
in complex, seemingly unpredictable but powerful ways.
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์•„๋งˆ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณด์‹œ๊ฒ ์ฃ .
์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์ธ ์•„์ด๋ฅผ ๊ธธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚ธ ์„ฑ๊ณตํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋“ค์€์š”?
02:56
The hurricane wouldn't exist without the butterfly.
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ํ˜น์€ ๋ง์ฝ๊พธ๋Ÿฌ๊ธฐ ์•„์ด๋ฅผ ๊ธธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚ธ ํž˜๊ฒจ์šด ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋“ค์€์š”?
02:59
"Wait," you might ask,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์•„๋งˆ ์œก์•„์˜ ์ง์ ‘์ ์ธ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:01
what about all the successful parents with successful children
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์•„์ด๋“ค์€ ๋Œ€๊ฐœ ๋ฐ€์ ‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์—ฎ์ธ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์š”์ธ๋“ค๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ํ˜•์„ฑ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:04
or the struggling parents with struggling children?"
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03:07
They might seem to show the simple power of parenting.
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์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์ธ ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋“ค์ด๋‚˜ ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์ธ ์œ ์ „์ž๋“ค,
์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์ธ ๋˜๋ž˜๋“ค, ๋˜๋Š” ์•„์ด๊ฐ€ ์ž๋ž€ ์„ฑ๊ณต์˜ ๋ฌธํ™” ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด์š”.
03:11
But children can be shaped by many forces that are often intertwined,
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์•„์ด๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋˜๋Š”์ง€์— ๋ฌด์—‡์ด ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š”์ง€๋Š” ์•Œ๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:16
like successful parents, successful genes,
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03:19
successful peers
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์•„๋งˆ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๊ฒ ์ฃ ,
03:20
and a culture of success that they grow up in.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ๋“ค์„ ๋”ฐ๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ณ„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑด ์–ด๋ ต๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ,
03:23
This can make it hard to know which forces influence who children become.
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๋ถ€๋ชจ์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์€ ์•„๋งˆ ๊ฝค ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ฃ .โ€
03:27
"OK," you might think,
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์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด์š”.
03:29
"yes, it's hard to pull apart all these possible forces,
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์ž์ „๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์›€์ง์ด๋Š”์ง€ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
03:32
but we can make pretty good guesses about the importance of parents."
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๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ํƒ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์…จ๊ณ ,
03:36
Perhaps.
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์•„๋งˆ ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ํƒ€๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜์‹ค ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:38
Well, how many of you know how a bicycle works?
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ํ˜น์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํƒ€๋Š”์ง€ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ ์ฃผ๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜์…จ๊ฒ ์ฃ .
์œก์•„๋„ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:43
Right, you've seen people riding bikes,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์•˜๊ณ ,
03:45
maybe you've ridden one yourself
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์Šค์Šค๋กœ ํ•ด๋ณด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ ,.
03:47
or even tried to teach someone else how to do it.
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ด์—๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ๊ธฐ๋„ ํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:50
Just like parenting --
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ์ž์‹ ๊ฐ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:52
you've seen people doing it,
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03:53
maybe you've done it yourself
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์ž์ „๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์›€์ง์ด๋Š”์ง€ ์•ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ,
03:55
or even tried to teach someone else how to do it.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ ์†์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ๋“ค๊ฒ ์ฃ .
03:58
We can feel confident about what we know.
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ํŽ˜๋‹ฌ, ์ฒด์ธ, ๋ฐ”ํ€ด ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด์š”.
04:02
When we say we know how a bicycle works,
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04:04
we think we have something in our heads like this.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์›€์ง์ด๋Š”์ง€ ์„ค๋ช…์„ ๋ถ€ํƒํ•˜๋ฉด,
04:08
Something that relates the pedals to the chain and to the wheels.
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ๋„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
04:13
But when you ask people to explain how a bicycle works,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ๋„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
(์›ƒ์Œ)
04:17
they produce drawings like this.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์›€์ง์ด๋Š”์ง€ ์ „ํ˜€ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ง€ํผ๋‚˜ ๋ฌด์ง€๊ฐœ๋„ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ณ ,
04:22
And like this.
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04:23
(Laughter)
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์ž์‹ ์ด ์—ด์ •์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ๋…ผ์Ÿํ•˜๋Š” ์ฃผ์ œ๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:25
People have no idea how bicycles work.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋งž๋‹ฅ๋œจ๋ฆฌ๋ฉด
04:29
Or zippers or rainbows,
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์ž˜ ๋ชป ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:32
or even topics they argue passionately about.
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์œก์•„์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋‹จ์ง€ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์•„๋ผ๊ณ ,
04:36
When you push people to explain how these things work,
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๊ทธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ž์‹ ๊ฐ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด๋„
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:39
they usually can't.
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04:41
Just caring about something, like parenting,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์œก์•„๊ฐ€ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๋ง์ด ๋‹ค ์˜ณ์„ ์ˆœ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:45
or feeling confident about it,
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๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์‹ ๋…์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
04:47
doesn't guarantee that we understand it.
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์ˆ˜๋ ต-์ฑ„์ง‘ ์‚ฌํšŒ์˜ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋“ค์€
04:49
And everyone can't possibly be right about how parenting works,
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์ž๋…€๋“ค์ด ์นผ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ๋†€๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ๋ฒ ์ด๋ฉด ์•ˆํƒ€๊นŒ์›Œ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:53
given how wildly beliefs have varied.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์•„์ด๊ฐ€ ์ž์œ ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ํƒ๊ตฌํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฒ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:57
Mothers in a hunter-gatherer society
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04:59
regretted when their children cut themselves themselves
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์ง€๊ธˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์‚ฌํšŒ์—์„œ๋„
05:02
while playing with knives,
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1970๋…„๋Œ€๊นŒ์ง€ ์œก์•„๋ผ๋Š” ์šฉ์–ด๋Š” ํ”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:04
but they thought the cuts were worth the freedom to explore.
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๊ทธ์ „๊นŒ์ง€๋Š”, ๋ถ€๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ๋Šฅ๋™์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ž๋…€์˜ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณด์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:08
Even within one society like ours,
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05:11
parenting wasn't a common term until the 1970s.
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์ง€๊ธˆ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ช‡ ๋…„ ํ›„์— ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ง€๊ธˆ์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ์„ ๋Œ์•„๋ณด๊ณ 
05:15
Before then, parents weren't viewed as active shapers of children's futures.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‹œ๋Œ€์™€ ์žฅ์†Œ์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์„ ๋•Œ ๋†€๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋†€๋ผ๊ฒ ์ฃ .
05:21
Years from now,
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05:22
people may look back on today's views
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๊ณผํ•™์€ ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜๊ณผ ์ œ ํ•™์ƒ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋“ค์„ ๋„์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:25
and feel just as amazed as we feel
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05:27
when hearing about other times and places.
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์•„์ด๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋˜๋Š๋ƒ์— ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์–ด๋–ค ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋„๋ก ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
05:31
The science could help parents,
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์•„์ด๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๋ช… ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•ด์„œ
05:33
and potential parents like my student,
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๋Œ€๊ฐœ ๋ฐ€์ ‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์—ฎ์—ฌ์žˆ๋Š” ํ˜•์„ฑ ์š”์†Œ๋“ค์„ ํ’€์–ด๋‚ด๋ ค ํ•ด์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:36
to understand how they actually shape who their children become.
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์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์€ ์ผ๋ž€์„ฑ, ์ด๋ž€์„ฑ ์Œ๋‘ฅ์ด๋“ค ๋˜๋Š” ํ‰๋ฒ”ํ•œ ํ˜•์ œ์ž๋งค๋“ค์„ ์ถ”์ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:40
Millions of children have been studied to disentangle all those shaping forces
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05:44
that are usually intertwined.
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๊ฐ™์ด ์ž๋ผ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ์ž…์–‘๋˜์—ˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋˜๋Š” ๋–จ์–ด์ ธ ์ž๋ž€ ์•„์ด๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:47
These studies follow identical twins and fraternal twins
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ง‘์—์„œ ์ž๋ž๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด์„œ
05:51
and plain old siblings
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05:53
growing up together or adopted and raised apart.
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ํŠน๋ณ„ํžˆ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ ๋“ค์ด ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์•„์ด๋“ค์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ž๋ผ๊ณ 
05:57
And it turns out that growing up in the same home
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์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ํ–‰๋ณตํ•˜๊ณ  ์ž๋ฆฝ์ ์ธ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฉด์—์„œ์š”.
06:02
does not make children noticeably more alike in how successful they are,
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด ํƒœ์–ด๋‚˜์ž๋งˆ์ž ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ณณ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ๋ ค๊ฐ€์ ธ์„œ
์™ผ์ชฝ ์˜†์ง‘์—์„œ ์ž๋ž๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
06:07
or how happy or self-reliant and so on.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ํ˜•์ œ ์ž๋งค๋Š” ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ ์˜†์ง‘์—์„œ ์ž๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:11
Imagine if you had been taken from birth
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06:13
and raised next door by the family to the left
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋Œ€์ฒด๋กœ ํ•œ ์ง€๋ถ• ์•„๋ž˜์„œ ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค
06:17
and your brother or sister had been raised next door
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๋น„์Šทํ•œ ์ ์ด ๋” ์—†๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์„œ๋กœ ๋” ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์กŒ๊ฒ ์ฃ .
06:19
by the family to the right,
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06:22
by and large, that would have made you no more similar or different
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์šฐ์„  ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋ฏฟ๊ธฐ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ง‘์ง‘๋งˆ๋‹ค ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋“ค์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅด๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
06:26
than growing up together under the same roof.
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๋ถ€๋ชจ๋“ค์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์ž์ฃผ ๋‹คํˆฌ๋Š”์ง€ ์•„์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ง€๋‚˜์นœ ๊ฐ„์„ญ์„ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€
06:31
On the one hand, these findings seem unbelievable.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์œผ๋กœ ์•„์ด๋“ค์„ ๊ฐ์‹ธ์ฃผ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋„์š”.
06:34
Think about all the ways that parents differ from home to home
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์•„๋งˆ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์š”์†Œ๋“ค๋กœ ์ธํ•ด
06:37
and how often they argue and whether they helicopter
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๊ฐ™์€ ์ง‘์—์„œ ์ž๋ž€ ์•„์ด๋“ค์ด
๋–จ์–ด์ ธ ์ง€๋‚ธ ์•„์ด๋“ค๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋น„์Šทํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๊ฒ ์ฃ .
06:41
and how much they shower their children with love.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:44
You would think that would matter enough
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2015๋…„, ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•œ ๋ฉ”ํƒ€ ๋ถ„์„์€
06:46
to make children growing up in the same home more alike
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06:49
than if they had been raised apart.
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์ˆ˜์ฒœ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ณตํ†ต์ ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:52
But it doesn't.
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์Œ๋‘ฅ์ด๋“ค ์ฒœ์‚ฌ๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๋ช…์„ 39๊ฐœ๊ตญ์—์„œ ์ถ”์ ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
06:54
In 2015, a meta analysis,
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06:56
a study of studies,
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06:58
found this pattern across thousands of studies
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๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ์น ์ฒœ ๊ฑด ์ด์ƒ ์ธก์ •ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:01
following over 14 million twin pairs across 39 countries.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๋“ค์ด ๋‚ด๋ฆฐ ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์€
๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋“ค์€ ์œ ์ „์ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:07
They measured over 17,000 outcomes.
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์œ ์ „์ž๊ฐ€ ์•„์ด๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ž๋ผ๋Š”์ง€ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:10
And the researchers concluded
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์œ ์ „์ž๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:12
that every single one of those outcomes is heritable.
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ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๋„ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋‹จ์ง€ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ์•ˆ์˜ ๊ทธ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ด
07:16
So genes influence who children become.
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๊ฐ™์€ ์ง‘์—์„œ ์ž๋ผ๋Š” ์•„์ด๋“ค์„ ๋น„์Šทํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:19
But genes didn't explain everything.
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07:21
The environment mattered too,
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์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ 
07:23
just something in the environment
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์œก์•„๋Š” ์•„๋ฌด ์˜ํ–ฅ์ด ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์„ ๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:25
that didn't shape children growing up in the same home to be more alike.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ์˜ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ๊ฐ™์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
07:30
Some people have looked at these findings
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๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์„ ํ‚ค์› ๋”๋ผ๋„์š”.
07:33
and concluded that parenting doesn't matter.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•œํŽธ์œผ๋กœ๋Š”,
์ •๋ง๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•œํŽธ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
07:36
That you would have become the same person you are today,
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ๋‹จ์„œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:39
regardless of who raised you.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ €๋Š” ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:41
On the other hand,
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ํ•œํŽธ์œผ๋กœ๋Š”,
07:43
and really, I should say on the other hands,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์ ์ด์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:45
because there are many caveats to that story,
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ป˜์„œ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ถ€๋ชจ๊ฐ€
07:48
but I'll focus on one.
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์•„์ด๋“ค์„ ๋‹ค ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ํ‚ค์šด ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด๋ฉด ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
07:50
On the other hand,
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07:51
these findings are not all that shocking.
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์–ด๋–ค ์•„์ด๋Š” ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ„ํš์„ ์งœ์ฃผ๋ฉด ๋„์›€์ด ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:54
If you think about how the same parent
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๊ทธ ์•„์ด์˜ ์ž๋งค๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ๊ฐ‘๊ฐ‘ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋Š๋‚„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:57
could shape different children in different ways.
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์–ด๋–ค ์•„์ด๋Š” ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณผ ๋•Œ ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜์ด ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
08:01
One child might find it helpful when her mother provides structure.
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๊ทธ ์•„์ด์˜ ํ˜•์ œ๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๊ฐ„์„ญํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:05
Her sister might find it's stifling.
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ํ•œ ์•„์ด๋Š” ์ดํ˜ผ์„ ๋น„๊ทน์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
08:08
One child might think his parents are caring
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๊ทธ ์•„์ด์˜ ์ž๋งค๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์„œ ์•ˆ๋„๊ฐ์„ ๋Š๋‚๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:10
when they ask questions about his friends.
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08:12
His brother might think they're being nosy.
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๊ฐ™์€ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด, ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:14
One child might view a divorce as a tragedy,
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08:17
while his sister sees it as a relief.
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์ €์™€ ๋‚จํŽธ์€ 20๋…„ ์ „ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:21
Same event, different experience.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€์„œ์–‘ ์ƒ๊ณต ์‚ผ๋งŒ ํ”ผํŠธ ์œ„์— ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์—ฐ๊ตฌ ํ™œ๋™์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‹œ์นด๊ณ ์—์„œ ์Šคํ†กํ™€๋ฆ„์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋Š” ์ค‘์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
08:25
My husband and I experienced this concept 20 years ago
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์Šน๋ฌด์›๋“ค์ด ์ €๋… ์‹์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์น˜์šฐ๊ณ 
08:29
when we were 30,000 feet over the Atlantic,
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์Šน๊ฐ๋“ค์€ ์ž˜ ์ค€๋น„๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:32
flying from Chicago to Stockholm to work on a research project.
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๋ถˆ์•ˆ์ •ํ•œ ๊ธฐ๋ฅ˜์— ๋ถ€๋‹บํ˜”๊ณ 
10๋Œ€ ๋ฌด๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํฅ๋ถ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์งˆ๋ €์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:36
The flight attendants were clearing the dinner trays,
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08:39
people were getting ready to sleep.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ค ๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ณค๋‘๋ฐ•์งˆ์ณค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:42
We hit a patch of bumpy air
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์•„์ด๋“ค๊ณผ ์Œ์‹ ์ˆ˜๋ ˆ๊ฐ€ ์ฒœ์žฅ์— ๋ถ€๋”ชํ˜”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:44
and a bunch of teenagers whooped in excitement.
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๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ๋Š” ์•ˆ์ •์„ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๋”๋‹ˆ ๊ณง ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋–จ์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:47
Then all of a sudden, the plane was plummeting,
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๊ทธ ๋ฐ”๋žŒ์— ์ฒœ์žฅํŒ์ด ๋–จ์–ด์ ธ ๋‚ ์•„๋‹ค๋…”๊ณ 
08:50
children and food carts hit the ceiling.
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๋‚ด๋ถ€ ๋ฐฐ์„ ์ด ๋‹ค ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚ฌ์ฃ .
08:53
The plane seemed to stabilize,
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08:55
but then plummeted again.
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ํŒŒํŽธ์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค ์œ„๋กœ ์Ÿ์•„์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:57
The ceiling panels flew up into their compartments from the force,
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๋ชจ๋‘๋“ค ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ง€๋ฅด๊ณ  ์šธ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋˜ ๊ณค๋‘๋ฐ•์งˆ์ณค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:01
revealing wiring inside.
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09:03
Debris came crumbling down on us.
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์˜์› ๊ฐ™์•˜๋˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ง€๋‚˜๊ฐ€๊ณ , ๊ธฐ์žฅ์ด ๋ฐฉ์†ก์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:06
People were screaming and sobbing.
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โ€œ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:08
The plane plummeted again.
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๋˜ ๋ญ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๊ฐ€์˜ค๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์œผ๋‹ˆ ์ž๋ฆฌ์— ์•‰์•„ ๊ณ„์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.โ€
09:11
After an eternity, the pilot came on and announced,
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์ œ ๋‚จํŽธ์€ ๊ทธ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ํ†ตํ•ด
09:15
"We don't know what that was.
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๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ง ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋Š๊ผˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:17
We don't know what's coming. Stay in your seats."
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
09:20
My husband came away from that experience feeling like planes are incredibly safe.
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ํ•ญ๊ณต์‚ฌ์—์„œ ๋ณด๋‚ธ ์•ˆ๋‚ด ํŽธ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด
๋ง‘์€ ํ•˜๋Š˜์˜ ๋‚œ๊ธฐ๋ฅ˜์—์„œ ์ˆ˜์ฒœ ํ”ผํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ๋‚™ํ•˜ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:27
(Laughter)
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09:30
The airline sent a letter informing us that we hadn't simply been falling
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๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ๋Š” 2G ์ด์ƒ์˜ ํž˜์„ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ๋ช‡ ๋ฐฐ์˜ ํž˜๋„ ๊ฒฌ๋”œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:35
across those thousands of feet of clear air turbulence.
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09:38
The plane had been subjected to forces greater than 2G.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ ๋‚จํŽธ์€ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋Š๋‚๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์™œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”์ง€ ์ „ํ˜€ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:42
We learned that planes can withstand forces many times larger.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ ๊ฐœ๋…์€ ์•Œ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์ง€๋งŒ, ๋‹จ์ง€ ์ถ”์ƒ์ ์œผ๋กœ๋งŒ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:47
So my husband feels safe flying.
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09:49
He seems genuinely baffled by how anyone could feel otherwise.
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๊ทธ ์ดํ›„ ์ €๋Š” ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํƒˆ ๋•Œ ์ ˆ๋Œ€ ์˜ˆ์ „ ๊ฐ™์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ฐ™์€ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด, ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:54
I get that concept, but only in the abstract.
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๊ฐ™์€ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์—์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด์„œ
09:58
I've never been able to fly the same way since.
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๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์ด ์•„๋ฌด๋Ÿฐ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ผ์น˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:01
Same event, different experience.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์œก์•„๊ฐ€ ์•„์ด๋“ค์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:05
Just because an event doesn't shape people in the same way,
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๋‹จ์ง€ ์•„์ด๋“ค์„ ๋” ๋‹ฎ๋„๋ก ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์ง€๋งŒ์š”.
10:09
that doesn't mean it had no effect.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์œก์•„๋กœ ์ฒซ์งธ ์•„์ด๋Š” ์กฐ๊ธˆ ์ง„์ง€ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์œผ๋กœ,
10:11
Your parenting could be shaping your children,
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๋‘˜์งธ ์•„์ด๋Š” ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ๋Š๊ธ‹ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์œผ๋กœ ์ž๋ผ๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:14
just not in ways that lead them to become more alike.
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์ฒซ์งธ ์•„์ด๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๋‹ฎ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•˜๊ณ ,
10:18
Your parenting could be leading your first child to become more serious,
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๋‘˜์งธ ์•„์ด๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๋‹ฎ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์•„ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:22
your second child to become more relaxed.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ž๋…€๋ผ๋Š” ํƒœํ’์„ ํ–ฅํ•ด ๋‚˜๋น„ ๋‚ ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ํŽ„๋Ÿญ์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:25
Your first child to want to be like you,
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10:27
your second child to want to be nothing like you.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ณดํŽธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ์œก์•„๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:30
You are flapping your butterfly wings to your hurricane children.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ์กฐ์–ธ๋„ ๋˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์œก์•„ ์„œ์ ์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์•„์ด๋ฅผ ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์œผ๋กœ,
10:36
This isn't how we typically think about parenting.
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ํ–‰๋ณตํ•˜๊ฒŒ, ๋…๋ฆฝ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ‚ค์šฐ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์•Œ๋ ค์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
10:38
It doesn't make for simple advice.
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ๊ฐ™์€ ์œก์•„ ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด ๊ฐ™์ด ์ž๋ž€ ์•„์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ ์˜จ๋‹ค๋ฉด์š”.
10:41
How could parenting books tell people how to raise successful, happy,
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์ด ์‹œ์ ์—์„œ ์•„๋งˆ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๊ฒ ์ฃ ,
10:45
self-reliant children,
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์ œ ์ˆ˜์—…์˜ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋” ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ์š”.
10:47
if the same parenting can lead to different outcomes
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โ€œ์ข‹์•„์š”. ์•Œ๊ฒ ์–ด์š”. ๋ฐœ๋‹ฌ์€ ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ตฐ์š”.
10:50
for children in the same home?
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10:52
At this point, you might be thinking,
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์ด๊ฑด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋ณต์žกํ•ด์„œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์—†๊ฒ ์–ด์š”.โ€
10:54
like students in my class sometimes say,
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10:56
"OK, we get it.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ˜ผ๋ž€ ์†์—์„œ๋„ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:58
development is complicated.
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11:00
And maybe it's not worth studying because it's too complicated."
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์ด์ œ ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ์ด๋งŒํ•œ ๋ฉ์–ด๋ฆฌ์˜€๋˜ ์•„๊ธฐ๋“ค์ด
11:04
But meaning can be made from chaos.
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ฑท๊ณ , ๋งํ•˜๊ณ ,
11:08
Scientists now understand how babies go from these apparent lumps
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์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ , ์‚ฌํšŒ ์ƒํ™œ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋…๋ฆฝ์ ์ธ ์ฃผ์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š”์ง€ ์ดํ•ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ณผ์ •๋“ค์— ๊ฐœ์ž…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ์ •๋„๋กœ ์ž˜ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:13
to become walking, talking, thinking, social independent beings.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์‹ ์ƒ์•„๋“ค์„ ์‹œํ—˜ํ•ด์„œ
์ •์‹  ์ง€์ฒด๋ฅผ ์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ์œ ์ „ ์กฐ๊ฑด์„ ์น˜๋ฃŒํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:20
They understand this process well enough to intervene,
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๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ๋” ์ •๊ตํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์„œ
11:23
to test newborns, for example,
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11:25
and treat them for a genetic condition that used to lead to mental retardation.
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๋ถ€๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์•„์ด์˜ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ณผํ•™์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•ด์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:31
Scientists are developing ever more sophisticated understanding
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ ˆ๋Œ€ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•ด์ค„ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:34
of how parents could shape their children's futures.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
์ฒซ์งธ๋กœ, ๋ถ€๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:39
Science can tell us a lot.
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11:41
But it will never tell us everything.
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๋ป”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ด์ง€๋งŒ,
๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜๊ณ 
11:44
So what can we do with this?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ด์™”๋“ฏ์ด, ๋‹น์—ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ธ์ œ๋‚˜ ์ง„์‹ค์ธ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:46
First, know that parents matter.
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๋‘˜์งธ๋กœ ๋ถ€๋ชจ์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋ณต์žกํ•˜๊ณ  ์˜ˆ์ธก์ด ์–ด๋ ค์šด์ง€๋ฅผ ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:50
That might seem obvious,
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11:51
but smart people are arguing otherwise,
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11:54
and what seems obvious is not always true, as we've seen.
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ํ•œ๋ฒˆ์ด๋ผ๋„ ์œก์•„๋ฅผ ํ•ด๋ณด์‹  ๋ถ„๋“ค์€ ์ž์ฑ…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”์„ธ์š”.
11:57
Second, know that how parents matter is complex and difficult to predict.
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์ž์‹ ์ด ์•„์ด์˜ ์ง„๋กœ๋ฅผ ํ†ต์ œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
12:03
For anyone who has ever been a parent, stop blaming yourself,
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๋ถ€๋ชจ๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ํ†ต์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
ํ•œ๋ฒˆ์ด๋ผ๋„ ์•„์ด์˜€๋˜ ๋ถ„๋“ค์€,
12:08
as if you are in control of your child's path.
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๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜ ํƒ“์„ ๊ทธ๋งŒํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
12:12
You have influence,
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
12:13
but you don't have control.
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์ ์–ด๋„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ์€ ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
12:15
For anyone who has ever been a child,
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋“ค์„ ํ–ฅํ•œ ๋น„๋‚œ์„ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”์„ธ์š”.
12:18
stop blaming your parents.
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12:20
(Laughter)
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๋ถ€๋ชจ๋“ค ์ˆ˜์ฒœ ๋ช…์ด ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•œ ์กฐ์‚ฌ์—์„œ
12:22
At least for the idea that you are defined by them.
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์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋“ค 90%์™€ ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๋“ค 85%๊ฐ€ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋Œ€๋‹ตํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:26
Stop blaming other parents.
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12:28
A recent survey of thousands of parents revealed that 90 percent of mothers
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์ ˆ๋ฐ˜ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์ด ์–ธ์ œ๋‚˜, ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์–ธ์ œ๋‚˜ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์„ ๋Š๋‚€๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ž์‹ ๋“ค์„ ์•„๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ๋‚˜ ํ˜น์€ ์ „ํ˜€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ์š”.
12:33
and 85 percent of fathers feel judged.
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12:36
Close to half feel judged all the time or nearly all the time
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด ์•„์ด์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์€์ง€๋Š” ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:40
by people they know and by complete strangers.
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์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์™€ ์‹œ๋Œ€์— ๊ฑธ์ณ ์œก์•„๊ฐ€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ๋•Œ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
12:45
These judgments probably don't reflect what's best for the kids.
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๋˜ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ถ€๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ํ•œ ์ง€๋ถ• ์•„๋ž˜์—์„œ ํ‚ค์šด ์•„์ด๋“ค์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ๊ฐ€์š”?
12:48
How could they, given how profoundly parenting has varied around the world
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12:52
and across time?
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๋ถ€๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋ฌด๋ฆฌ ์ตœ์„ ์„ ๋‹ค ํ•ด๋„, ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋‹ค ๋งŒ์กฑ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆœ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:54
And given how the same parents can shape children
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ ์œ ํ•œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:57
under the same roof in such different ways.
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13:00
Even when parents try their best, they can't satisfy everybody.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฉ(dragon) ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ํŠนํžˆ ๋งž๋Š” ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:04
There's only so much time.
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์ž‘๊ฐ€ ์—๋ฐ€๋ฆฌ ๋žฉ์ด ์ด ์šฉ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
13:08
This is especially true for dragon parents.
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๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์•„์ด๊ฐ€ ํƒœ์ด์‚ญ์Šค๋ณ‘์œผ๋กœ ์ง„๋‹จ ๋ฐ›์€ ์ดํ›„์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:14
The author, Emily Rapp, came up with this term
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋กœ๋‚œ์ด ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ์ ˆ๋Œ€ ๊ฑท๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ง์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:17
after her baby was diagnosed with Tay-Sachs disease.
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๋กœ๋‚œ์€ ์•„๋งˆ 4์‚ด ์ „์— ์ฃฝ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:22
She knew then that Ronan would never walk or talk.
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์ €๋Š” ๋ชฐ๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:27
He would likely die before turning four.
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์ œ ์ฒซ์งธ ์•„๋“ค ๋˜ํ•œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์šด๋ช…์„ ๋งž๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„์š”.
13:33
I did not know
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์ œ ์•„์ด๋Š” ํƒœ์–ด๋‚  ๋•Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
์žฅ์ด ์˜์–‘๋ถ„์ด๋‚˜ ์ˆ˜๋ถ„์„ ํก์ˆ˜ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:36
that this could also be the fate of my firstborn son.
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์•„๊ธฐ๋“ค 5๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๋ช… ์ค‘ 1๋ช…์—๊ฒŒ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:42
He was born with a condition
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13:44
that prevents the intestine from absorbing nutrients
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5๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๋ช… ์ค‘ 1๋ช….
13:47
or water for the body.
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์ •๋ง ๋“œ๋ฌธ ์ผ์ด์—ฌ์„œ
13:50
It affects one in five million babies.
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์–ด๋–ค ์˜์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ €ํฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์ž์‹ ๊ฐ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ
๋งŒ์•ฝ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์•„๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ๋ณ‘์ด๋ผ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฑด ์ •๋ง ๋งํ•œ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:54
One in five million.
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13:57
It is so rare
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๊ทธ ์˜์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์•ˆ ์ข‹์€ ๋‰ด์Šค๋ฅผ ์ „ํ•ด์•ผ๋งŒ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:58
that one doctor felt confident telling us that we would be screwed
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์šฉ ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋“ค์€ ์œก์•„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ํ•  ๋ง์ด ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:02
if that's what our baby had.
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๋น„๋ก ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์•„์ด๊ฐ€ ์ผ์ฐ ์ฃฝ์„ ๊ฑธ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์—๋„ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
14:05
He was the one who had to break the news to us later.
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ํ˜น์€ ์ œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š”,
์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์•„์ด๊ฐ€ ์‚ด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„์ง€์กฐ์ฐจ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ๋„ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
14:10
Dragon parents have a lot to say about parenting,
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14:13
even though they know their children will die young,
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์—๋ฐ€๋ฆฌ ๋žฉ์€ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:16
or in my case,
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โ€œ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์•„์ด๋“ค์„ ๋ฐ๊ณ  ์œ ๋งํ•œ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋กœ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ,
14:17
even if we have no idea whether our babies will live.
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14:21
Emily Rapp wrote,
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์–ด๋ฆฐ ๋ฌด๋ค์—์„œ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ€
14:24
"We will not launch our children into a bright and promising future,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ž”์ธํ•จ,
์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ฐฉ์‹์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ, ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์•ผ๋งŒ์„ฑ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:29
but see them into early graves."
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์šฉ ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:33
This requires a new ferocity,
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์šฉ๋งนํ•˜๊ณ  ์ถฉ์„ฑ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šฐ๋ฉฐ ์ฃฝ์„ ๋งŒํผ ์•„์ด๋“ค์„ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:36
a new way of thinking, a new animal.
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๊ทธ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์œก์•„๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:40
We are dragon parents,
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14:42
fierce and loyal and loving as hell.
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์œก์•„ ์ž์ฒด, ๊ทธ ํ–‰์œ„ ์ž์ฒด์— ๋“ค์–ด์žˆ๋Š” ์ธ๋ฅ˜์• ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ์š”.
14:47
Our experiences have taught us how to parent for the here and now,
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์œก์•„๋Š”, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ดํ•ดํ•œ ๋ฐ”๋กœ๋Š”,
14:52
for the sake of parenting,
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์•„์ด๋ฅผ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:54
for the humanity implicit in the act itself.
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์ง€๊ธˆ.
์‚ฌ์‹ค, ์–ด๋–ค ๊ณณ์˜ ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด๋ผ๋„ ๋‹ค ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:58
Parenting, I've come to understand, is about loving my child today,
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15:04
now.
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์ €๋Š” ์•„๋™๋ฐœ๋‹ฌ์—์„œ์˜ ์ œ ์ „๋ฌธ์„ฑ์ด
15:06
In fact, for any parent anywhere, that's all there is.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์€ ๋ถ€๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋„๋ก ๋„์™€์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋กœ, ๋ถ€๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ณผํ•™์„ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์‹œ๊ฐ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๋„๋ก ๋„์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:13
I had thought that my expertise in child development
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15:15
would help prepare me for becoming a parent.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์…‹์งธ๋กœ, ์ˆœ๊ฐ„๋“ค์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ์ง€ ์•Œ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:19
Instead, becoming a parent helped me to see the science in a whole new light.
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๊ทธ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„๋“ค์ด ์ง€๊ธˆ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ณผ ์•„์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋–ค ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€๊ฐ€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:24
So third, appreciate how powerful the moments can be
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๋จผ ํ›—๋‚ ์— ์–ด๋–ค ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„์ง€๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ์š”.
๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋Š” ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:30
because of what they mean for you and your child right now,
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ํ™œ๋™๊ฐ€ ์•ค๋“œ๋ฅ˜ ์†”๋กœ๋ชฌ์ด ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:34
not because of what they mean for your child long term,
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โ€œ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ž์‹ ์ด ๋ถ€๋ชจ์™€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ์ง€๋Š” ์ž๋ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฌ์›Œ ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ,
15:37
which you do not know.
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์ž๋…€๋“ค์ด ๋‚˜์™€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ์ง€๋Š” ๋Š์ž„์—†์ด ์Šฌํผํ•œ๋‹ค.โ€
15:40
The activist Andrew Solomon noted,
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15:43
"Though many of us take pride in how different we are from our parents,
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์ด ๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋œ ์Šฌํผํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:47
we are endlessly sad at how different our children are from us."
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์•„์ด๋“ค์˜ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์†์— ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ๋‚ด๋ ค๋†“์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด์š”.
15:52
Maybe we could be less sad if we were more realistic,
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„์ด๋“ค์˜ ๋ฐœ๋‹ฌ์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋ณต์žกํ•œ์ง€ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
15:56
if we let go of the notion
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์œก์•„์—์„œ ๋งค์ผ ๋งˆ์ฃผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฐ์ •๋“ค์— ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ ‘๊ทผํ• ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ „ํ™˜ํ•˜๊ณ 
15:58
that our children's futures are in our control.
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16:01
If we can embrace the complexity of our children's development
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์•„์ด๋ฅผ ํ‚ค์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์—๋Š” ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ์„ฑ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค
16:05
that can transform how we approach those parenting decisions we face each day
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๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊นจ๋‹ซ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ •๋ง ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:10
and empower us to realize how much more there is to having a child
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ฒซ์งธ ์•„๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋งค์ผ์„ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ์š”.
16:14
than trying to shape a specific outcome.
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์ œ ์•„์ด๋Š” ์ž˜ ์ž๋ผ๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ 
16:17
So much more,
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๋™์ƒ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ๊ธธ์„ ๊ฑธ์–ด๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:19
which I appreciate every day in moments with my firstborn son,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:24
who is thriving
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
16:26
and with his younger brother
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๋ถ€๋ชจ์™€ ์•„์ด๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ณผํ•™,
16:28
and the unique paths they are taking.
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๋‚˜๋น„์™€ ํƒœํ’์€,
16:31
We are not screwed.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜๋„๋ก ์ด๋Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:34
(Laughter)
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16:36
The science of parents and children,
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๋˜ํ•œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‚ถ์— ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์—์š”.
16:38
butterflies and their hurricanes,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ถ€๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ—˜๊ณผ
16:41
can free people to focus on what is most important
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์•„์ด๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„
16:45
and meaningful in our lives.
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๊ฐ™์ด ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘์—๊ฒŒ ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์ด๊ณ  ๋งŒ์กฑ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๋„๋ก ํ•ด์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:47
This can make the experience of being a parent
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์ €๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข‹์€ ๋ถ€๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ์•„์ฃผ ๋ฐ€์ ‘ํ•œ ๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:51
and the experience of having been a child
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16:54
more realistic and satisfying for everyone involved.
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16:59
And that, I think, is very relevant to being a good parent.
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์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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