How the US can address the tragedy of veteran suicide | Charles P. Smith

37,800 views

2020-06-12 ใƒป TED


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How the US can address the tragedy of veteran suicide | Charles P. Smith

37,800 views ใƒป 2020-06-12

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: ์†Œ์—ฐ ์ „ ๊ฒ€ํ† : Jihyeon J. Kim
00:14
So on May 6 of 2019,
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2019๋…„ 5์›” 6์ผ
00:16
the sun was shining, the sky was blue,
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ํ–‡์‚ด์ด ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ์ฌ๊ณ , ํ•˜๋Š˜์€ ํŒŒ๋ž—๊ณ ,
00:20
clouds were that puffy white.
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๊ตฌ๋ฆ„์€ ํ•˜์–€ ์†œํ„ธ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‚ ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:22
It was a perfect spring day.
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์™„๋ฒฝํ•œ ์–ด๋Š ๋ด„๋‚ ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
00:24
I was walking back to my office,
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์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ธธ์—
00:27
and my phone rang.
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์ „ํ™”๋ฒจ์ด ์šธ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:28
And it was one of my lieutenants.
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์ œ ์†Œ์œ„ ์ค‘ ํ•œ ๋ช…์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:31
I said, "Hey, John.
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์ €๋Š” "์•ˆ๋…•, ์กด. ์ž˜ ์ง€๋‚ด๋‚˜?"
00:33
How are you?"
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๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:34
He said, "Sir, I'm good.
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๊ทธ๋Š” "์žฅ๊ต๋‹˜, ์ €๋Š” ์ž˜ ์ง€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:35
But I've got some bad news."
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‚˜์œ ์†Œ์‹์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." ๋ผ๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
00:37
He said our executive officer died that weekend.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ง€๋‚œ ์ฃผ๋ง ํ•œ ์žฅ๊ต๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:42
We went back and forth,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๊ณ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:43
"What do you mean, what are you talking about?"
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"๋ฌด์Šจ ๋œป์ด์ง€? ๋ฌด์Šจ ์†Œ๋ฆด ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์•ผ?"
00:46
I asked him what happened.
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์ „ ๊ทธ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ๊ฑด์ง€ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:49
He said, "Sir, he killed himself."
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"์žฅ๊ต๋‹˜, ์ž์‚ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
00:55
I walked around my office for a couple of hours in a complete fog,
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์ „ ๋ฉํ•œ ์ƒํƒœ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค ์ฃผ๋ณ€์„ ๋‘์–ด ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋ฐฐํšŒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:59
trying to understand what had happened, why.
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๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์™œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋Š”์ง€ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ์• ์“ฐ๋ฉด์„œ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
01:02
I had just communicated with him a few months earlier.
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์ „ ๊ทธ ์ผ์ด ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋ช‡ ๋‹ฌ์ „, ๊ทธ์™€ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ˆด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:06
And I had no idea that this officer was in trouble.
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ํž˜๋“  ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์ „ํ˜€ ์•Œ์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:09
And I fault myself as a leader for not having known that.
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๋ฆฌ๋”๋กœ์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ์•Œ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ž์ฑ…ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:14
I went on this process of trying to figure out
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ํ‡ด์—ญ๊ตฐ์ธ ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ์—์„œ ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์™œ ๋ฒŒ์–ด์ง€๊ณ 
01:17
why, what's happening in the veteran community,
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์™œ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ์•Œ์•„๋‚ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ
01:19
why are these things going on.
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ๊ฑฐ์ณค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:21
I read reports from the Department of Veteran Affairs,
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์ „ ๊ตญ๋ฐฉ๋ถ€์™€ ๋ณดํ›ˆ์ฒ˜์—์„œ ๋ฐœํ–‰ํ•œ
01:24
Department of Defense,
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๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋“ค์„ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:25
I've read national studies on mental health
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ •์‹ ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ๋ฐ ์ด์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์‚ฌ์•ˆ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
01:28
and the issues associated with it.
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๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•ด ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:30
I'm going to share with you some of the things I found out.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์•Œ์•„๋‚ธ ๋ช‡๊ฐ€์ง€ ์‚ฌ์•ˆ๋“ค์„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ณผ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๋ ค ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:35
Department of Veteran Affairs has taken the lead on veteran suicide,
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๋ณดํ›ˆ์ฒ˜๋Š” ํ‡ด์—ญ๊ตฐ์ธ ์ž์‚ด๋ฌธ์ œ์— ์•ž์žฅ์„œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:38
and it's actually their number one priority.
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๋˜ํ•œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋„ ๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์šฐ์„ ์ˆœ์œ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:40
Based on the reports they have and the numbers that I've calculated,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ก๊ณผ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•œ ์ˆ˜์น˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ
01:44
between 2001 and 2019,
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2001๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 2019๋…„ ์‚ฌ์ด
01:46
during the time of the Global War on Terror,
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์ „์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ…Œ๋Ÿฌ์™€์˜ ์ „์Ÿ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ,
01:49
my approximation is there's 115,000 veterans
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์Šค์Šค๋กœ ๋ชฉ์ˆจ์„ ์ ธ๋ฒ„๋ฆฐ ํ‡ด์—ญ๊ตฐ์ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ œ ์˜ˆ์ƒ์น˜๋Š”
01:53
who have died by their own hands.
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115,000๋ช…์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:57
I also looked at the Department of Defense report
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์ €๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ๋ณดํ›ˆ์ฒ˜์˜ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด
01:59
that lists casualties.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ธฐ์žฌํ•œ ์‚ฌ์ƒ์ž๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:01
This particular report
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์ด ํŠน์ • ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ์—๋Š”
02:03
lists the casualties from October of 2001
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2001๋…„ 10์›”๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ž‘๋…„ 11์›” 18์ผ๊นŒ์ง€๋กœ ํŠน์ •ํ•ด
02:08
specifically to November 18 of last year.
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ํ•ด๋‹น ์‚ฌ์ƒ์ž๋“ค์˜ ๋ชฉ๋ก์ด ๊ธฐ์žฌ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
02:12
During that time frame and the Global War on Terror,
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๊ทธ ํŠน์ • ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ๊ณผ ์ „์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ํ…Œ๋Ÿฌ์™€์˜ ์ „์Ÿ ๋™์•ˆ,
02:15
there have been 5,440 active duty members killed in action.
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์ „ํˆฌ์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•œ ํ˜„์—ญ ๊ตฐ์ธ 5,440๋ช…์ด ํฌ์ƒ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:21
So by my numbers, 115,000 approximate suicides,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•œ ์ˆ˜์น˜์— ์˜ํ•˜๋ฉด, 115,000๋ช… ์˜ˆ์ƒ์น˜์˜ ์ž์‚ด๊ณผ
02:25
5,440 killed in action.
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5,440๋ช…์˜ ์ž‘์ „ ์ค‘ ์‚ฌ๋ง์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:28
What does that mean to me?
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
02:30
We have approximately 21 veterans ending their lives by their own hand
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๋Œ€๋žต ๋งค 1๋ช…์ด ์ ๊ตฐ์ง€์—์„œ ํฌ์ƒ์„ ๋‹นํ•  ๋•Œ
02:36
for every one that is killed by an enemy combatant.
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21๋ช…์˜ ํ‡ด์—ญ ๊ตฐ์ธ์ด ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ƒ์„ ๋๋‚ธ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:41
It's a staggering, staggering number.
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์ด๊ฑด ๋†€๋ž๊ณ ๋„ ๋˜ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์ˆ˜์น˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:45
These national studies
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์ •์‹ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”
02:47
that deal with mental health tell us
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๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
02:51
that if you have any type of genetic mental health issue within your family
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๊ฐ€์กฑ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ๋ ค๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
์–ด๋–ค ์œ ํ˜•์˜ ์œ ์ „์  ์ •์‹ ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜,
02:57
that can be passed on,
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02:58
or if something has happened to you in your childhood that was traumatic,
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์–ด๋ฆฐ ์‹œ์ ˆ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ํŠธ๋ผ์šฐ๋งˆ๋กœ ๋‚จ๋Š” ์ผ์ด ๋ฒŒ์–ด์กŒ๋‹ค๋ฉด
03:03
your ability to deal with post-traumatic stress disorder, or PTSD,
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์™ธ์ƒ ํ›„ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค ์žฅ์• , ์ฆ‰ PTSD๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋Š”
03:07
significantly decreases.
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ํ˜„์ €ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:10
They also tell us
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๋˜ํ•œ ์ด ์‚ฌ์‹ค๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
03:12
that if you want to have a full evaluation,
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ PTSD๋ฅผ ์•“๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž
03:16
determine if somebody has PTSD,
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์ „์ฒด์ ์ธ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์›ํ•  ์‹œ
03:19
you need to have a minimum of one hour interview
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ •์‹ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•๊ณผ ์ „๋ฌธ์˜์™€
์ตœ์†Œ 1์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ฉด๋‹ด์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:23
with a mental health expert
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03:24
that's trained to detect what PTSD is
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์ด ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ณ ํ†ต๋ฐ›๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
03:27
to determine if you suffer from it.
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์–ด๋–ค PTSD์ธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ง„๋‹จํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ›ˆ๋ จ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:30
Now let me talk about what happens when you enter into the military.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๊ตฐ๋Œ€์— ๊ฐ€๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š”์ง€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:35
When you join the armed forces,
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๊ตฐ๋Œ€์— ์ž…๋Œ€ํ•˜๋ฉด,
03:37
you're going to go through a medical exam,
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๊ฑด๊ฐ•๊ฒ€์ง„์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ .
03:40
you're going to take a physical fitness test,
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์ฒด๋ ฅ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋„ ๋ฐ›์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ ,
03:43
you're going to take a drug test,
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์•ฝ๋ฌผ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋„ ๋ฐ›์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ,
03:45
you're going to take a vocational test
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์ ์„ฑ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋„ ๋ฐ›๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:47
so they can figure out what you're good at
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๊ทธ๊ฑธ๋กœ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ž˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜์—ฌ
03:49
and hopefully place you in that type of job category.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ณผ ๋งž๋Š” ์ง๋ฌด ์นดํ…Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์— ๋ฐฐ์น˜ํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค..
03:51
But would you believe
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ์—๋„ ์ง€๋‚œ 20๋…„์ด ๋„˜๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ
03:53
that with approximately 115,000 suicides over the last 20 years,
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๋Œ€๋žต 115,000๋ช…์˜ ์ž์‚ด์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ๋ฏฟ๊ธฐ์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
03:57
and the data that we know from the national studies
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ์™ธ์ƒ ํ›„ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค ์žฅ์• ๋ฅผ ๊ทน๋ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์—†๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ
03:59
on how to determine if somebody is going to be able to cope
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํŒ๋‹จํ•  ์ง€์— ๊ด€ํ•ด์„œ
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ์˜ํ•œ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์— ์˜ํ•˜๋ฉด
04:02
with post-traumatic stress disorder,
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์šฐ๋ฆฐ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์‹ ๋ณ‘์„ ๋ชจ์ง‘ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ
04:04
we still don't have a standardized mental health evaluation
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ํ‘œ์ค€ํ™”๋œ ์ •์‹  ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ํ‰๊ฐ€์ง€์นจ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:07
for our recruits entering into the service.
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04:10
That's something I think that needs to change.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ถ„๋ช… ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ ์ƒ๊ฐ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:13
Number two,
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ,
04:15
when you leave the service --
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์ œ๋Œ€ํ•  ๋•Œ
04:17
When I left the service in 2003,
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์ €๋Š” 2003๋…„ ์ œ๋Œ€ํ•  ๋•Œ
04:19
I had to attend some mandatory classes,
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€์˜ ์˜๋ฌด ๊ต์œก์— ์ฐธ์„ํ•ด์•ผ๋งŒ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:21
about two days' worth of classes,
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์•ฝ ์ดํ‹€ ๋ถ„๋Ÿ‰์˜ ๊ต์œก ํ›„์—
04:23
and then I was on my way.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ์ž์˜ ๊ธธ์„ ๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:26
Today, it's a little different.
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ , ์ด๊ฑด ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:27
Today you'll actually get a call
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์ œ๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์—
04:29
if you're on what we call terminal leave
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๋‹ค ์จ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๋ ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ๋˜
04:31
or paid time off that you're trying to use up
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ํ”ํžˆ ๋ง๊ธฐ ํœด๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ์œ ๊ธ‰ํœด๊ฐ€์— ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ 
04:33
before you actually are fully discharged.
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๊ทธ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ „ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
04:37
I talked to one veteran who got a call.
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๊ทธ ์ „ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์€ ํ•œ ํ‡ด์—ญ ๊ตฐ์ธ์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:39
He was on his way home from work,
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ผ์ด ๋๋‚œ ํ›„ ์ง‘์— ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ธธ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:41
and the only thing he could think of
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๊ทธ๋•Œ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด๋ผ๊ณ ๋Š”
04:43
was, "How quick can I get off this?"
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"์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€?" ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:45
And I think the call lasted maybe 10 or 15 minutes.
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๊ทธ ์ „ํ™”๋Š” ์•„๋งˆ 10๋ถ„, 15๋ถ„ ์ •๋„ ์ง€์†๋์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ ์ƒ๊ฐ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:47
But yet the national studies tell us
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๊ทธ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•ด์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
04:49
it needs to be an in-person, one-hour interview.
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์ง์ ‘ ๋ฉด๋‹ด 1์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:51
I think that's something that we can improve upon.
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์ „ ์ด๊ฑด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋ผ์•ผ ํ•  ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:55
There's another thing that the Department of Veteran Affairs
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ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋”, ์ด ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋“ค์„ ํ†ตํ•ด
04:58
talked about in the reports.
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๊ตญ๋ฐฉ๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์‹œ์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:00
They said that our service members that are self-medicating
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋งํ•˜๊ธธ ์ž๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ตฐ์ธ๋“ค์ด
05:04
tend to be at a significantly higher risk of suicide.
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์ž์‚ด์— ๋ˆˆ์— ๋„๊ฒŒ ๋†’์€ ์œ„ํ—˜๊ตฐ์— ๋†“์ธ ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:08
So those veterans that are self-medicating with alcohol,
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์ˆ ์„ ๋งˆ์‹œ๋ฉฐ ์ž๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
05:11
or drug abuse --
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์•ฝ๋ฌผ ๋‚จ์šฉ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ํ‡ด์—ญ๊ตฐ์ธ๋“ค์€
05:12
and in fact, the Department of Veteran Affairs has classified
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ๊ตญ๋ฐฉ๋ถ€์— ์˜ํ•ด
๋งˆ์•ฝ์„ฑ ์ง„ํ†ต์ œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ์žฅ์• , ์ฆ‰ OUD๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:16
opioid use disorder, OUD,
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05:18
as one of the epidemics.
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์œ ํ–‰๋ณ‘์˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋กœ์„œ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
05:20
So as I talked to marines from my unit
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์ €๋Š” ์ œ ๋ถ€๋Œ€์˜ ํ•ด๊ตฐ๋“ค๊ณผ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
05:22
and tried to learn more about it,
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๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:24
I started to find out some really, really alarming things.
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์ €๋Š” ์ ์  ๋” ๋†€๋ผ์šด ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:27
I had a marine who came back from Iraq
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์ด๋ผํฌ์—์„œ ๋Œ์•„์˜จ ํ•ด๊ตฐ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:31
and he went to the hospital for a "back pain"
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๊ทธ๋Š” "์š”ํ†ต" ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ณ‘์›์— ๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ 
05:35
and he was prescribed some opioids.
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๋งˆ์•ฝ์„ฑ ์ง„ํ†ต์ œ๋ฅผ ์ฒ˜๋ฐฉ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:38
He also suffered from post-traumatic stress disorder.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ์™ธ์ƒ ํ›„ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค ์žฅ์• ๋ฅผ ์•“๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:42
He became addicted to these painkillers,
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ ์  ์ง„ํ†ต์ œ์— ์ค‘๋…๋˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:44
because not only did it mask the pain in his back,
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์•ฝ์€ ๊ทธ์˜ ํ—ˆ๋ฆฌํ†ต์ฆ์„ ๋‚ซ๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ์„ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ,
05:47
but it helped him to cope
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์ค‘๋™์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ ๋ณด๊ณ  ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฒช์–ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ๋˜
05:49
with some of the horrific things that he had to see, experience and do
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๋”์ฐํ•œ ๊ธฐ์–ต์—์„œ ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฐ์—๋„
05:54
over in the Middle East.
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๋„์›€์„ ์คฌ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:57
And he eventually overdosed.
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์ ์  ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ณผ๋‹ค๋ณต์šฉ์„ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:02
Another challenge we have
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š”
06:04
is that when you're on active duty,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ํ˜„์—ญ์— ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
06:07
you are under the Department of Defense.
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๋ณดํ›ˆ์ฒ˜ ์†Œ์†์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:10
And so all of your doctors, all your health care
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ชจ๋“  ์˜์‚ฌ๋“ค๊ณผ, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ๊ด€๋ จํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด
06:13
is in that category.
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๊ทธ ๋ฒ”์ฃผ ์•ˆ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:15
When you leave the service,
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์ œ๋Œ€ ํ•œ ๋’ค์—๋Š”
06:16
you are now part of the Department of Veteran Affairs.
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๊ตญ๋ฐฉ๋ถ€ ์†Œ์†์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:19
So these active duty members
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ˜„์—ญ์—์„œ ๋›ด ๊ตฐ์ธ๋“ค์€
06:22
that seek help for their mental health issues
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ •์‹ ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ๋ฌธ์ œ๋‚˜
06:25
and are diagnosed with PTSD or other mental health issues,
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PTSD์˜ ์ง„๋‹จ ๊ด€๋ จ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋ฐ–์˜ ์ •์‹ ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ
06:28
when they leave the service,
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๋„์›€์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•  ๋•Œ
06:30
there's no transition to a doctor
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์ œ๋Œ€ ํ›„์—”
06:33
that's in the Department of Veteran Affairs
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๊ตญ๋ฐฉ๋ถ€์— ์†ํ•œ ์˜์‚ฌ๋‚˜
06:35
or perhaps out in the civilian world
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๋ฏผ๊ฐ„ ์„ธ์ƒ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์˜์‚ฌ๋กœ์˜ ์ „ํ™˜์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:37
because of privacy acts.
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์‚ฌ์ƒํ™œ ๋ณดํ˜ธ๋ฒ•์— ์˜ํ•ด์„œ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:39
Now there's some good news in this.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ, ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ข‹์€ ์†Œ์‹๋“ค๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:41
Just recently, it was legislated
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์ตœ๊ทผ, ๋ณดํ›ˆ์ฒ˜์˜ ์˜๋ฃŒ๊ธฐ๋ก๊ณผ
06:43
that a database will be built
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๊ตญ๋ฐฉ๋ถ€์˜ ์˜๋ฃŒ๊ธฐ๋ก์„ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ €์žฅํ•˜๋Š”
06:45
that will house both Department of Defense health records
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๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฒ ์ด์Šค๊ฐ€ ๊ตฌ์ถ•๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š”
06:50
and Department of Veteran Affairs health records.
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๋ฒ•์ด ์ œ์ •๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:55
But I want to take that thought a step further.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ €๋Š” ์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•œ ๊ฑธ์Œ ๋” ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:57
My company was 204 marines and sailors strong.
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์ €๋Š” "204 marines and sailors strong" ์— ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:00
As I looked at and I talked to my marines from my unit,
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์ œ ๋ถ€๋Œ€์˜ ํ•ด๊ตฐ๋“ค์„ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
07:03
what we came up with is we are well in excess of a dozen
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๋– ์˜ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ž์‚ด์„ ํ•œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ตฐ์ธ๋“ค์ด
07:07
of our members that committed suicide.
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์‹ญ์—ฌ ๋ช…์€ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋›ฐ์–ด๋„˜๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:10
When I talk to senior leadership in the battalion,
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๊ตฐ๋Œ€ ๋Œ€๋Œ€์˜ ๊ฐ„๋ถ€๋“ค๊ณผ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋ฉด
07:12
and battalion is about six to seven hundred marines,
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๋Œ€๋Œ€์—๋Š” ๋Œ€๋žต 600์—์„œ 700๋ช…์˜ ํ•ด๊ตฐ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:15
they estimate that we're in the hundreds who have committed suicide.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ถ”์ •์€ ์ž์‚ด์„ ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๊ทธ ์•ˆ์— ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ ๋ช…์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:20
So let's take this database that we're building,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฒ ์ด์Šค๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ
07:22
and let's go a little bit further with it.
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์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฑด ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ์š”.
07:25
What if when a veteran passes away,
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์ž์—ฐ์‚ฌ๋“ 
07:28
whether it's natural causes,
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๊ณผ๋‹ค๋ณต์šฉ์ด๋“  ์ž์‚ด์ด๋“ 
07:30
overdose or suicide,
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ํ‡ด์—ญ ๊ตฐ์ธ์ด ์‚ฌ๋งํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ,
07:33
we're able to feed that into the Veteran Affairs
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๊ทธ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๊ตญ๋ฐฉ๋ถ€์— ์ฃผ๋ฉด
07:35
who is then able to access Department of Defense records,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ณดํ›ˆ์ฒ˜์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ก์—๋„ ์ ‘๊ทผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:39
identify what type of units they were in,
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋Š ๋ถ€๋Œ€์— ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€,
07:42
what contingencies and operations did they participate in,
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์–ด๋–ค ์šฐ๋ฐœ์  ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ตฐ์‚ฌ์ž‘์ „์— ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ฐธ์—ฌํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•ด
07:46
and let's build the data points to try to figure out
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๊ทธ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ํฌ์ธํŠธ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•˜์—ฌ
07:48
are there units that are more susceptible to develop post-traumatic stress disorder
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๊ทธ ๋ถ€๋Œ€ ์•ˆ์— ์™ธ์ƒ ํ›„ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค ์žฅ์• ์— ๋” ์ทจ์•ฝํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๊ณ 
07:53
so that we can get them the mental health
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๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์ •์‹ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์„ ์ฑ™๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:55
prior to going on deployment,
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๋ณ‘์ด ์ง„์ „๋˜๊ธฐ ์ „์—,
07:57
prior to being in theater.
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์ค‘์š” ๊ตฐ์‚ฌ์ž‘์ „์— ํฌํ•จ๋˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
07:58
If they're in theater,
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ตฐ์‚ฌ์ž‘์ „ ์ค‘์— ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
08:00
get them the mental health while they're in theater,
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๊ทธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ๋ผ๋„ ์ •์‹ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์„ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ ์จ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:02
and get them mental health counseling and help
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ž‘์ „ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰์ด ๋๋‚˜๊ณ  ์ง‘์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„์˜ค๊ธฐ ์ „์—
08:05
before they even come home out of theater.
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์ •์‹ ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ์ƒ๋‹ด๊ณผ ๋„์›€์„ ์ค˜์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:07
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
08:13
And by the way,
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์–ด์จŒ๋“ ,
08:15
if we can build those sets of data points to be able to do that,
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ํฌ์ธํŠธ์˜ ์ฒด๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
08:18
we don't just apply them to the military,
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์ด๋ฅผ ๋‹จ์ง€ ๊ตฐ์—๋งŒ ์ ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ,
08:20
we can also use that for the general population.
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์ „์ฒด ์ธ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:24
If we put our minds together
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋งˆ์Œ์„ ํ•œ๋ฐ ๋ชจ์œผ๊ณ 
08:26
and our resources together,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์ž์›๋“ค์„ ํ•œ๋ฐ ๋ชจ์œผ๋ฉฐ
08:28
and we openly talk about this,
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์ด ์ฃผ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž์œ ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
08:30
and try to find solutions
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ ์ „์—ผ๋ณ‘์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ์˜
08:32
for this epidemic that's going on in America,
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ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์„ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
08:36
hopefully we can save a life.
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์šฐ๋ฆฐ ์ƒ๋ช…์„ ์‚ด๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:39
Those are my thoughts, my ideas,
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์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ €์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด์ž, ์•„์ด๋””์–ด์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:40
I hope that this talk is not the end of this discussion
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์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ ๊ฐ•์—ฐ์ด ์ด ํ† ๋ก ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
08:43
but rather the beginning of it.
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์‹œ์ž‘์ด ๋˜๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:45
And I want to thank you for your time today.
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋‚ด์ฃผ์‹  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค ๊ฐ์‚ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:47
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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