How we can stop Africa's scientific brain drain | Kevin Njabo

35,815 views ・ 2018-02-06

TED


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: Yoonkeun Ji κ²€ν† : Jihyeon J. Kim
00:12
So many of us who care about sustainable development
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μš°λ¦¬λ“€ 쀑 λŒ€λ‹€μˆ˜κ°€ 지속가λŠ₯ν•œ λ°œμ „κ³Ό
00:16
and the livelihood of local people
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μ†Œμ™Έλœ μ§€μ—­μ˜ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ˜ μƒν™œ κ°œμ„ μ— 관심이 λ§ŽμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:18
do so for deeply personal reasons.
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μ§€κ·Ήνžˆ 개인적인 μ΄μœ λ“€λ‘œ 말이죠.
00:22
I grew up in Cameroon,
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μ €λŠ” μΉ΄λ©”λ‘ μ—μ„œ μžλžμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
00:23
a country of enchanting beauty and rich biodiversity,
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λ„ˆλ¬΄λ‚˜ 맀λ ₯적인 λ‚˜λΌμ΄κ³  λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ 인쒅이 μ‚΄κ³  μžˆμ§€λ§Œ
00:27
but plagued by poor governance, environmental destruction, and poverty.
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무λŠ₯ν•œ 정뢀와 ν™˜κ²½ 파괴, κ°€λ‚œμœΌλ‘œ 고톡받고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:32
As a child, like we see with most children in sub-Saharan Africa today,
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어렸을 적에, μ‚¬ν•˜λΌ 사막 주변에 μ‚¬λŠ” λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ˜ 아이듀이 κ·Έλ ‡λ“―
00:37
I regularly suffered from malaria.
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μ €λŠ” 반볡적으둜 말라리아에 μ‹œλ‹¬λ ΈμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
00:39
To this day, more than one million people die from malaria every year,
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μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚ μ—λ„ 백만 λͺ… 이상이 λ§λΌλ¦¬μ•„λ‘œ μ‚¬λ§ν•˜κ³  있으며
00:44
mostly children under the age of five,
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κ·Έ λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ΄ 5μ„Έ μ΄ν•˜μ˜ μ˜μœ μ•„μ΄κ³ 
00:46
with 90 percent occurring in sub-Saharan Africa.
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μ‚¬ν•˜λΌ μΈκ·Όμ—μ„œ 90%의 λ°œλ³‘λ₯ μ„ 보이고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:51
When I was 18, I left Cameroon
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μ œκ°€ 18살일 λ•Œ, μ €λŠ” 카메둠을 λ– λ‚¬μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:54
in search of better educational opportunities.
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더 λ‚˜μ€ ꡐ윑 기회λ₯Ό μ–»κΈ° μœ„ν•΄μ„œμš”.
00:57
At the time, there was just one university in Cameroon,
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κ·Έ λ‹Ήμ‹œ, μΉ΄λ©”λ‘ μ—λŠ” λŒ€ν•™μ΄ 단 ν•˜λ‚˜λ°–μ— μ—†μ—ˆλŠ”λ°
01:00
but Nigeria next door offered some opportunities
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이웃인 λ‚˜μ΄μ§€λ¦¬μ•„λŠ” ꡐ윑문이 더 μ—΄λ € μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:02
for Cameroonians of English extraction to be trained in various fields.
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μ˜μ–΄κ°€ λŠ₯μˆ™ν•œ 카메룬인듀을 λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ λΆ„μ•Όμ—μ„œ μœ‘μ„±ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄μ„œμ˜€μ£ .
01:07
So I moved there,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ €λŠ” λ‚˜μ΄μ§€λ¦¬μ•„λ‘œ μ΄μ£Όν–ˆλŠ”λ°,
01:08
but practicing my trade,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 제 전곡을 κ³΅λΆ€ν•΄μ„œ
01:10
upon graduation as an ecologist in Nigeria,
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λ‚˜μ΄μ§€λ¦¬μ•„μ—μ„œ μƒνƒœν•™μžκ°€ λ˜λŠ” 것은
01:13
was an even bigger challenge.
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더 큰 λ„μ „μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:14
So I left the continent
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ €λŠ” 아프리카λ₯Ό λ– λ‚¬μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:16
when I was offered a scholarship to Boston University for my PhD.
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λ³΄μŠ€ν„΄ λŒ€ν•™μ—μ„œ 박사 ν•™μœ„ μž₯ν•™κΈˆ μ œμ•ˆμ„ λ°›μ•˜κ±°λ“ μš”.
01:23
It is disheartening to see that,
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우리 μ•„ν”„λ¦¬μΉ΄μΈμ˜ λͺ¨λ“  λ…Έλ ₯κ³Ό
01:24
with all our challenges,
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재λŠ₯κ³Ό 아프리카 λŒ€λ₯™μ—μ„œ 배운 λͺ¨λ“  기술이 μžˆμŒμ—λ„
01:26
with all the talents,
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01:28
with all the skills we have in Africa as a continent,
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01:30
we tend to solve our problems
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 아프리카가 λ‹Ήλ©΄ν•œ 문제λ₯Ό ν•΄κ²°ν•  λ•Œ
01:33
by parachuting in experts from the West for short stays,
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μ„œλ°©μ„Έκ³„μ—μ„œ 온 전문가듀을 단기간 μ΄ˆλΉ™ν•΄ ν•΄κ²°ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜
01:36
exporting the best and brightest out of Africa,
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아프리카 졜고의 λ‘λ‡Œλ“€μ„ λ‹€λ₯Έ λ‚˜λΌμ— 뺏긴 채
01:40
and treating Africa as a continent in perpetual need of handouts.
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μ˜μ›νžˆ κ΅¬ν˜Έλ¬Όμžλ‚˜ λ°”λΌλŠ” μƒνƒœλ‘œ λ‘λŠ” 것을 μ§€μΌœλ³΄λŠ” 건 κ°€μŠ΄ μ•„ν”ˆ μΌμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
01:45
After my training at Boston University,
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λ³΄μŠ€ν„΄ λŒ€ν•™μ—μ„œ ν•™μœ„λ₯Ό 끝내고
01:47
I joined a research team
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μ €λŠ” μΊ˜λ¦¬ν¬λ‹ˆμ•„ λŒ€ν•™μ˜
01:48
at the University of California's
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ν™˜κ²½ 및 지속가λŠ₯ν•œ λ°œμ „ κΈ°κ΄€μ˜
01:50
Institute of the Environment and Sustainability
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μ—°κ΅¬νŒ€μ— ν•©λ₯˜ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:52
because of its reputation for groundbreaking research
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κ·Έ μ΄μœ λŠ” μΊ˜λ¦¬ν¬λ‹ˆμ•„ λŒ€ν•™ μ—°κ΅¬νŒ€μ΄ λ†€λΌμš΄ μ—°κ΅¬λ“€λ‘œ 얻은 λͺ…μ„±κ³Ό
01:55
and the development of policies and programs
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κ°œλ°œλ„μƒκ΅­μ„ ν¬ν•¨ν•˜μ—¬
01:57
that save the lives of millions of people the world over,
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μ „ 세계 수 백만의 생λͺ…을 κ΅¬ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•œ
02:00
including in the developing world.
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λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ μ •μ±…κ³Ό ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μ„ μ§„ν–‰ν•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:02
And it has been shown
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그리고 잘 κ΅μœ‘λ°›μ€ 아프리카인이
02:04
that for every skilled African that returns home,
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고ꡭ으둜 λŒμ•„μ˜€λ©΄
02:06
nine new jobs are created in the formal and informal sectors.
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곡적, 비곡적 μ˜μ—­μ—μ„œ 9개의 μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 직업이 μ°½μΆœλ˜λŠ” κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚¬μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:10
So as part of our program, therefore, to build a sustainable Africa together,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 우리 μ—°κ΅¬νŒ€μ€ 보닀 λ‚˜μ€ 아프리카λ₯Ό λ§Œλ“œλŠ” 일에 λ™μ°Έν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•œ
02:14
we are leading a multi-initiative to develop the Congo Basin Institute,
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μΌν™˜μœΌλ‘œ λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ κ³„νšμ„ 톡해 콩고 λ°”μ‹  μ—°κ΅¬μ†Œλ₯Ό μ„Έμš°λ €κ³  ν•˜λŠ”λ°μš”
02:18
a permanent base
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이 μ—°κ΅¬μ†ŒλŠ” 아프리카인듀이 닀ꡭ적 연ꡬ원듀과 νŒŒνŠΈλ„ˆμ‹­μ„ 톡해
02:20
where Africans can work in partnership with international researchers,
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μš°λ¦¬λ“€μ˜ 문제λ₯Ό 우리 슀슀둜 ν•΄κ²°ν•  수 μžˆλ„λ‘ ν•˜λŠ”
02:24
but working out their own solutions to their own problems.
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항ꡬ적인 주좧돌이 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:29
We are using our interdisciplinary approach to show how universities,
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우리 μ—°κ΅¬νŒ€μ€ λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ 학문을 톡해 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ λŒ€ν•™,
02:33
NGOs and private business
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비정뢀단체, 그리고 개인 사업체가
02:36
can partner in international development.
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ꡭ제 λ°œμ „μ„ μœ„ν•΄ ν˜‘λ ₯ν•  수 μžˆλŠ”μ§€ 증λͺ…ν•΄ 보이렀 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:39
So instead of parachuting in experts from the West for short stays,
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λ”°λΌμ„œ, μ„œλ°©μ—μ„œ μ „λ¬Έκ°€λ₯Ό 단기간 μ΄ˆλΉ™ν•˜λŠ” λŒ€μ‹ 
02:43
we are building a permanent presence in Africa,
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아프리카에 μž₯κΈ°κ°„ 체λ₯˜ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” μ‹œμ„€μ„ 건섀 μ€‘μΈλ°μš”
02:46
a one-stop shop for logistics, housing
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아프리카인과 μ „ 세계 연ꡬ원듀간
02:50
and development of collaborative projects
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λ¬Όλ₯˜, κ±°μ£Ό, ν˜‘λ ₯ ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈκΉŒμ§€ λͺ¨λ‘ κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ
02:52
between Africans and international researchers.
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곡간을 λ§Œλ“€λ €κ³  ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:54
So this has allowed students like Michel
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이 μ‹œμ„€ 덕에 λ―Έμ…Έ 같은 학생도
02:57
to receive high-quality training in Africa.
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μ•„ν”„λ¦¬μΉ΄μ—μ„œ κ³ λ“±κ΅μœ‘μ„ 받을 수 있게 됐죠.
03:00
Michel is currently working in our labs
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미셸은 ν˜„μž¬ 우리 μ—°κ΅¬μ†Œμ—μ„œ κ·Όλ¬΄ν•˜κ³  있으며
03:03
to investigate the effects of climate change on insects, for his PhD,
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박사 연ꡬ μ£Όμ œλ‘œμ„œ κΈ°ν›„ λ³€ν™”κ°€ κ³€μΆ©μ—κ²Œ λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ” 영ν–₯을 μ‘°μ‚¬ν•˜κ³  있고
03:06
and has already secured his post-doctorate fellowship
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박사과정 ν›„ 연ꡬ원 신뢄도 ν™•λ³΄ν•œ 상황이기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
03:09
that will enable him to stay on the continent.
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아프리카 λ‚΄μ—μ„œ 계속 연ꡬ할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:12
Also through our local help program,
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또 우리의 지역 λ°œμ „ ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μ„ 톡해
03:15
Dr. Gbenga Abiodun, a young Nigerian scientist,
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젋은 λ‚˜μ΄μ§€λΌ μΆœμ‹  박사 벡가 μ•„λΉ„μ˜€λ‘”μ€
03:19
can work as a post-doctoral fellow
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박사 ν›„ μ—°κ΅¬μ›μœΌλ‘œμ„œ
03:21
with the Foundation for Professional Development
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남아곡에 μžˆλŠ” μ„œ 케이프 λŒ€ν•™μ˜ μ „λ¬Έ λ°œμ „ μž¬λ‹¨μ—μ„œ
03:23
in the University of Western Cape in South Africa
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연ꡬ할 수 있게 λμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:26
and the University of California at the same time,
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λ˜ν•œ μΊ˜λ¦¬ν¬λ‹ˆμ•„ λŒ€ν•™μ—μ„œ
03:28
investigating the effects of climate variability and change
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κΈ°ν›„ λ‹€μ–‘μ„±κ³Ό λ³€ν™”κ°€ μ•„ν”„λ¦¬μΉ΄μ—μ„œ
03:32
on malaria transmission in Africa.
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말라리아 전염에 λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ” 영ν–₯을 연ꡬ μ€‘μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:34
Indeed, Gbenga is currently developing models
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κ²Œλ‹€κ°€ λ²΅κ°€λŠ” ν˜„μž¬
03:36
that will be used as an early warning system
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μ•„ν”„λ¦¬μΉ΄μ—μ„œ 말라리아 전염을 μ˜ˆλ°©ν•  수 μžˆλŠ”
03:40
to predict malaria transmission in Africa.
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μ‘°κΈ° 경보 μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ„ κ°œλ°œν•˜λŠ” μ€‘μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:43
So rather than exporting our best and brightest out of Africa,
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λ”°λΌμ„œ 아프리카 졜고의 λ‘λ‡Œλ“€μ„ ν•΄μ™Έλ‘œ 보내기보닀
03:47
we are nurturing and supporting local talent in Africa.
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아프리카 λ‚΄μ—μ„œ 이듀이 가진 재λŠ₯을 μœ‘μ„±ν•˜λ € ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:50
For example, like me,
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예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄ μ €μ²˜λŸΌ
03:52
Dr. Eric Fokam was trained in the US.
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에릭 포켐 박사도 λ―Έκ΅­μ—μ„œ κ³΅λΆ€ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:56
He returned home to Cameroon, but couldn't secure the necessary grants,
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에릭 λ°•μ‚¬λŠ” κ³ ν–₯인 카메둠에 λŒμ•„μ™”μ§€λ§Œ ν•„μš”ν•œ 연ꡬ비λ₯Ό 확보할 수 μ—†μ—ˆκ³ 
03:59
and he found it incredibly challenging
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κ°€λŠ₯ν•  거라 μƒκ°ν–ˆλ˜ 연ꡬλ₯Ό μ‹€ν–‰ ν•˜λŠ” 것이
04:02
to practice and learn the science he knew he could.
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λ¬΄μ²™μ΄λ‚˜ μ–΄λ ΅λ‹€λŠ” 것을 κΉ¨λ‹«κ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:06
So when I met Eric,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ œκ°€ 에릭 박사λ₯Ό λ§Œλ‚¬μ„ λ•ŒλŠ”
04:08
he was on the verge of returning to the US.
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λ°•μ‚¬λŠ” 이미 미ꡭ으둜 λŒμ•„κ°€λ €λ˜ 채비λ₯Ό ν•˜λ˜ μ°Έμ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:10
But we convinced him to start collaborating
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λ°•μ‚¬μ—κ²Œ 콩고 λ°”μ‹  μ—°κ΅¬μ†Œμ™€
04:13
with the Congo Basin Institute.
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ν•¨κ»˜ 일해보지 μ•Šκ² λƒλ©° μ„€λ“ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:14
Today, his lab in Buea has over half a dozen collaborative grants
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ν˜„μž¬ 뢀에아(Buea)에 μžˆλŠ” 에릭 λ°•μ‚¬μ˜ μ—°κ΅¬μ†ŒλŠ”
04:19
with researchers from the US and Europe
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λ―Έκ΅­κ³Ό μœ λŸ½μ—μ„œ 온 μ—°κ΅¬μžλ“€μ΄ 있으며 μ‹­ 수 개의 곡동 보쑰금으둜
04:22
supporting 14 graduate students, nine of them women,
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14λͺ…μ˜ 학생을 μ§€μ›ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ”λ°μš” 이듀 쀑 9λͺ…이 μ—¬μ„±μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
04:25
all carrying out groundbreaking research
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이 학생듀은 λͺ¨λ‘ ν˜μ‹ μ μΈ 연ꡬλ₯Ό μ§„ν–‰ν•˜κ³  있으며
04:27
understanding biodiversity under climate change,
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κΈ°ν›„ λ³€ν™”κ°€ μƒλ¬Όμ˜ λ‹€μ–‘μ„±, 인λ₯˜μ˜ 건강과 μ˜μ–‘μ— λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ”
04:30
human health and nutrition.
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영ν–₯에 λŒ€ν•΄ κ΄€ν•œ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
04:32
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
04:38
So rather than buy into the ideas of Africa taking handouts,
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아프리카가 μ„ μ§„κ΅­λ“€μ˜ κ΅¬ν˜Έλ¬Όμžμ— κΈ°λŒ€λŠ” μ•ˆμ΄ν•œ 방법 λŒ€μ‹ 
04:42
we are using our interdisciplinary approach
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ 학문적 접근을 톡해
04:45
to empower Africans to find their own solutions.
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아프리카 인듀이 슀슀둜 해결책을 찾을 수 μžˆλ„λ‘ 돕고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:48
Right now, we are working with local communities and students,
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λ°”λ‘œ μ§€κΈˆ, μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 지역 μ‚¬νšŒμ™€ 학생듀
04:52
a US entrepreneur,
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미ꡭ의 ν•œ κΈ°μ—…κ°€ 및
04:54
scientists from the US and Africa
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λ―Έκ΅­κ³Ό 아프리카 μΆœμ‹ μ˜ κ³Όν•™μžλ“€κ³Ό ν•¨κ»˜ μ•„ν”„λ¦¬μΉ΄μ˜ λŒ€ν‘œμ  견λͺ©(λ”±λ”±ν•œ λ‚˜λ¬΄)인
04:57
to find a way to sustainably grow ebony, the iconic African hardwood.
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흑단을 μ§€μ†μ μœΌλ‘œ μœ‘μ„±ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” 방법을 연ꡬ μ€‘μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:03
Ebonies, like most African hardwood, are exploited for timber,
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흑단은 λ‹€λ₯Έ 아프리카 λ‚˜λ¬΄λ“€μ²˜λŸΌ λͺ©μž¬λ‘œ μ΄μš©λ˜μ§€λ§Œ ν‘λ‹¨μ˜ μƒνƒœ 및
05:07
but we know very little about their ecology,
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μ§€κΈˆλ³΄λ‹€ κ΄‘λ²”μœ„ν•œ 재배 방법, 또 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ 흑단이 아프리카 λ°€λ¦Όμ—μ„œ 80년에
05:09
what disperses them,
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80λ…„μ—μ—μ„œ 200λ…„κΉŒμ§€ 살아남을 수 μžˆμ—ˆλŠ”μ§€
05:11
how they survive in our forest 80 to 200 years.
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거의 μ•Œμ§€ λͺ»ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:16
This is Arvin,
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이 학생은 μ•„λ₯΄λΉˆμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
05:17
a young PhD student working in our labs,
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ν˜„μž¬ 우리 μ—°κ΅¬μ†Œμ—μ„œ 박사과정을 밟고 μžˆλŠ” μ Šμ€ 친ꡬ죠
05:21
conducting what is turning out to be some cutting-edge tissue culture work.
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” ν˜„μž¬ μ΅œμ‹  쑰직 λ°°μ–‘ κΈ°μˆ μ„ μ‹œν—˜ν•˜λŠ” μ€‘μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:25
Arvin is holding in her hands
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μ•„λ₯΄λΉˆμ€ λ“€κ³  μžˆλŠ” 것은 μžμ‹ μ˜ 연ꡬλ₯Ό 톡해
05:27
the first ebony tree that was produced entirely from tissues.
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μˆœμˆ˜ν•˜κ²Œ 쑰직 λ°°μ–‘μœΌλ‘œ μžλž€ 첫 번쨰 흑단 λ‚˜λ¬΄μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:31
This is unique in Africa.
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μ΄λŠ” μ•„ν”„λ¦¬μΉ΄μ—μ„œ 맀우 ν¬κ·€ν•œ κΈ°μˆ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:33
We can now show that you can produce African timber
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ—κ²Œ 아프리카산 λͺ©μž¬λ“€μ„
05:36
from different plant tissues --
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λ‹€λ₯Έ 식물 μ„¬μœ 
05:37
leaves, stems, roots --
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이파리, 쀄기, λΏŒλ¦¬λ‘œλΆ€ν„° μƒμ‚°ν•˜λŠ” λͺ¨μŠ΅μ„ λ³΄μ—¬λ“œλ¦΄ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:40
in addition from generating them from seeds,
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μ‹¬μ§€μ–΄λŠ” 씨앗 μƒνƒœλΆ€ν„° ν‚€μšΈ μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:42
which is a very difficult task.
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μ •λ§λ‘œ μ–΄λ €μš΄ 일이죠.
05:45
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
05:49
So other students will take the varieties of ebony
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λ‹€λ₯Έ 학생듀은 μ•„λ₯΄λΉˆμ΄ 우리 μ—°κ΅¬μ†Œμ—μ„œ
05:51
which Arvin identifies in our lab,
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연ꡬ해낸 λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ μ’…λ₯˜μ˜ 흑단을 μ΄μš©ν•΄
05:54
graft them to produce saplings,
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접뢙이기λ₯Ό 톡해 묘λͺ©μ„ ν‚€μš°κ³ 
05:56
and work with local communities to co-produce ebony
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우리 μ—°κ΅¬μ†Œλ§Œμ˜ 접근법을 톡해 지역 μ‚¬νšŒμ™€ ν˜‘λ ₯ν•˜μ—¬ 흑단
05:59
with local fruit tree species in their various farms
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지역 μ‚¬νšŒμ™€ ν˜‘λ ₯ν•˜μ—¬
06:02
using our own tree farm approach,
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ν‘λ‹¨λΏλ§Œ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ 농μž₯의 κ³Όμˆ˜λ‚˜λ¬΄λ₯Ό μƒμ‚°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:04
whereby we invite all the farmers
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이λ₯Ό 톡해 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λͺ¨λ“  농뢀듀이
06:06
to choose their own tree species they want in their farms.
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μžμ‹ μ˜ 농μž₯μ—μ„œ ν‚€μš°κ³  싢은 λ‚˜λ¬΄λ₯Ό 선택할 수 μžˆλŠ” μ„ νƒκΆŒμ„ μ œκ³΅ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:10
So in addition to the ebony,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ ν‘λ‹¨λΏλ§Œ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
06:12
the species which the farmers choose themselves
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농뢀듀이 직접 κ³ λ₯Έ λ¬˜μ’…λ“€μ€
06:14
will be produced using our modern techniques
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우리 μ—°κ΅¬μ†Œμ˜ μ΅œμ‹  κΈ°μˆ μ„ μ μš©ν•˜μ—¬
06:16
and incorporated into their land-use systems,
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λ†λΆ€λ“€μ˜ 농μž₯ μ‚¬μš© κ³„νšμ˜ μΌλΆ€λ‘œ ν¬ν•¨λ˜μ–΄
06:19
so that they start benefiting from these products
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흑단이 μΆ©λΆ„νžˆ μžλž„λ•ŒκΉŒμ§€ 기닀리며
06:21
while waiting for the ebony to mature.
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μˆ˜μ΅μ„ κΈ°λŒ€ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:24
Today we are planting 15,000 ebony trees in Cameroon,
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ν˜„μž¬ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 카메룬에 1만5천 그루의 ν‘λ‹¨λ‚˜λ¬΄λ₯Ό μ‹¬μ—ˆκ³ 
06:27
and for the first time,
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흑단은 처음으둜 μ›μ‹œλ°€λ¦Όμ—μ„œ μ±„μ·¨ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šκ²Œ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:29
ebony won't be harvested from the middle of a pristine forest.
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06:32
This is the model for our African hardwoods,
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이것이 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ κΈ°νšν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ” 아프리카 견λͺ© 생산 λͺ¨λΈμ΄λ©°
06:35
and we are extending this to include sapele and bubinga,
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이 λͺ¨λΈμ„ ν™•μž₯μ‹œμΌœ μ‚¬νŽ λ¦¬λ‚˜, λΆ€λΉ™κ°€
06:38
other highly prized hardwoods.
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λ‹€λ₯Έ μˆ˜μ΅μ„± 높은 견λͺ©λ“€κΉŒμ§€ μž¬λ°°ν•˜λ €κ³  ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:40
So if these examples existed when I was 18,
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λ§Œμ•½ μ œκ°€ 18살일 λ•Œ μœ„μ™€ 같은 일듀이 κ°€λŠ₯ν–ˆλ‹€λ©΄
06:45
I would never have left,
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μ €λŠ” μ ˆλŒ€ λ– λ‚˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μ„ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:47
but because of initiatives by the Congo Basin Institute,
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μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ 콩고 λ°”μ‹  μ—°κ΅¬μ†Œκ°€ 좔진 쀑인 κ³„νšλ“€ 덕뢄에
06:50
I am coming back,
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μ œκ°€ λŒμ•„μ˜¨ 이후에도
06:52
but I'm not coming back alone.
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더 이상 ν˜Όμžκ°€ μ•„λ‹ˆλ‹ˆκΉŒμš”.
06:54
I'm bringing with me Western scientists,
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μ €λŠ” μ„œλ°© μ„Έκ³„μ˜ κ³Όν•™μž
06:56
entrepreneurs and students,
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기업가와 학생듀
06:58
the best science from the best universities in the world,
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세계 졜고의 λŒ€ν•™μ—μ„œ 졜고의 κ³Όν•™ κΈ°μˆ μ„ 가지고
07:01
to work and to live in Africa.
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μ•„ν”„λ¦¬μΉ΄μ—μ„œ μΌν•˜κ³ , 또 μ΄κ³³μ—μ„œ μ‚΄κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ λŒμ•„μ™”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:04
But we all need to scale up this local, powerful and empowering approach.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 이 같은 흐름은 λ”μš± 컀져야 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:10
So far we have half a dozen universities and NGOs as partners.
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ν˜„μž¬ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λŒ€ μ—¬μ„―κ°œ μ •λ„μ˜ λŒ€ν•™ 및 비정뢀기ꡬ와 ν˜‘λ ₯관계에 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:15
We are planning to build
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μΉœν™˜κ²½ μ‹œμ„€μ„ κ±΄μ„€ν•˜μ—¬
07:17
a green facility that will expand on our existing laboratory space
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μ—°κ΅¬μ†Œμ˜ 면적을 ν™•μž₯ν•˜κ³ 
07:20
and add more housing and conference facilities
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집을 더 λ§Œλ“€κ³  회의 μ‹œμ„€μ„ μ¦μΆ•ν•˜λ €κ³  κ³„νšμ€‘μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:22
to promote a long-term disciplinary approach.
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μž₯기적 ν•™λ¬Έ 연ꡬ가 κ°€λŠ₯ν•  수 μžˆλ„λ‘ 말이죠.
07:25
I want it to offer more opportunities to young African scholars,
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κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ ν•΄μ„œ μ Šμ€ μ•„ν”„λ¦¬μΉ΄μ˜ ν•™μžλ“€μ—κ²Œ 더 λ§Žμ€ 기회λ₯Ό μ œκ³΅ν•˜κ³ 
07:28
and would scale it up by leveraging
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μ‚¬ν•˜λΌ 인근에 ꡭ제 μ—΄λŒ€ μž‘λ¬Ό μ—°κ΅¬μ†Œκ°€ μ†Œμœ ν•œ
07:31
the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture's existing network
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17개의 연ꡬ μ‹œμ„€μ„ ν™œμš©ν•˜μ—¬
07:34
of 17 research stations across sub-Saharan Africa.
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μ—°κ΅¬μ†Œλ₯Ό λ”μš± μ„±μž₯μ‹œν‚€κ³  μ‹ΆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:38
The tables are starting to turn ...
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νŒŒμ΄λŠ” 점점 컀지기 μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆκ³ 
07:41
and I hope they keep turning,
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μ €λŠ” 이 νŒŒμ΄κ°€ 더 컀져
07:43
to reach several African nations
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μ½”νŠΈλ””λΆ€μ•„λ₯΄, νƒ€μžλ‹ˆμ•„, μ„Έλ„€κ°ˆ 같이
07:45
like CΓ΄te d'Ivoire, Tanzania and Senegal,
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κ°€μž₯ 높은 μ„±μž₯λ₯ μ„ 보이고 μžˆλŠ” ꡭ가듀이
07:49
among the top fastest growing economies
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λ―Όκ°„ μ˜μ—­μ—μ„œ 투자λ₯Ό λ°›λŠ”
07:52
that can attract several opportunities for private-sector investment.
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기회λ₯Ό μ–»λŠ” 발판이 λ˜μ—ˆμœΌλ©΄ μ’‹κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:59
We want to give more opportunities to African scholars,
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ•„ν”„λ¦¬μΉ΄μ˜ ν•™μžλ“€μ—κ²Œ 더 λ§Žμ€ 기회λ₯Ό μ œκ³΅ν•˜κΈΈ μ›ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
08:02
and I long to see a day
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그리고 μ €λŠ” μ–Έμ  κ°€
08:04
when the most intelligent Africans will stay on this continent
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μ•„ν”„λ¦¬μΉ΄μ˜ κ°€μž₯ μš°μˆ˜ν•œ μΈμž¬λ“€μ΄ 이 λŒ€λ₯™μ— 남아
08:07
and receive high-quality education
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콩고 λ°”μ‹  μ—°κ΅¬μ†Œκ°™μ€ 단체λ₯Ό 톡해
08:09
through initiatives like the Congo Basin Institute,
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κ³ λ“± κ΅μœ‘μ„ λ°›κ³ 
08:12
and when that happens,
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κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ ν•΄μ„œ
08:13
Africa will be on the way to solving Africa's problems.
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μ•„ν”„λ¦¬μΉ΄μ˜ 문제λ₯Ό 아프리카가 ν•΄κ²°ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” 날이 였기λ₯Ό κ³ λŒ€ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
08:17
And in 50 years, I hope someone will be giving a TED Talk
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μ €λŠ” 50λ…„ μ•ˆμ— λˆ„κ΅°κ°€κ°€ TED 강연을 톡해
08:20
on how to stop the brain drain of Westerners leaving your homes
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μ„œκ΅¬μ—μ„œ μ•„ν”„λ¦¬μΉ΄λ‘œ ν–₯ν•˜λŠ” 인재 μœ μΆœμ„ 막기 μœ„ν•œ
08:24
to work and live in Africa.
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λ°©μ•ˆμ— λŒ€ν•΄ 강연을 ν•˜κ²Œ 되길 λ°”λžλ‹ˆλ‹€
08:26
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
08:27
Thank you.
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κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:28
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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