Dan Goods: How NASA invented a ventilator for COVID-19 ... in 37 days | TED

41,035 views ใƒป 2021-06-15

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

00:00
Transcriber:
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ืชืจื’ื•ื: Naama Lieberman ืขืจื™ื›ื”: Ido Dekkers
00:12
From NASA's Jet Propulsion Lab in Pasadena, California,
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ืžื”ืžืขื‘ื“ื” ืœื”ื ืขื” ืกื™ืœื•ื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื ืืกโ€œื ื‘ืคืกื“ื™ื ื”, ืงืœื™ืคื•ืจื ื™ื”,
00:16
right behind me is mission control.
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ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ ื ืžืฆื ืžืจื›ื– ื”ื‘ืงืจื”.
00:18
I'm going to let you take a look, because on February 18th,
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ืื ื™ ืืชืŸ ืœื›ื ืœื”ืฆื™ืฅ, ื›ื™ ื‘-18 ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ,
00:22
we're going to attempt to land NASA's next rover to Mars.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื ื ืกื” ืœื”ื ื—ื™ืช ืืช ื”ื’ืฉื•ืฉื™ืช ื”ื‘ืื” ืฉืœ ื ืืกโ€œื ืขืœ ืžืื“ื™ื.
00:26
It's going to be the most sophisticated rover ever sent to the Red Planet.
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ื–ื• ืชื”ื™ื” ื”ื’ืฉื•ืฉื™ืช ื”ืžืชื•ื—ื›ืžืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉื ืฉืœื—ื” ืื™ ืคืขื ืœื›ื•ื›ื‘ ื”ืœื›ืช ื”ืื“ื•ื.
00:29
It's even going to have a helicopter on it.
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ืืคื™ืœื• ื™ื”ื™ื” ืขืœื™ื” ืžืกื•ืง.
00:34
So JPL is an amazing place,
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ืื– JPL ื–ื” ืžืงื•ื ืžื“ื”ื™ื,
00:36
where people are creating robotic missions to explore the universe.
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ืฉื‘ื• ืื ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืช ืจื•ื‘ื•ื˜ื™ื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœื—ืงื•ืจ ืืช ื”ื™ืงื•ื.
00:39
They also create satellites that orbit the Earth
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ื”ื ื’ื ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืœื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืฉืžืงื™ืคื™ื ืืช ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ
00:42
and help us understand this planet that we live on.
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ื•ืขื•ื–ืจื™ื ืœื ื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ื›ื“ื•ืจ ืฉืขืœื™ื• ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื.
00:45
But today, I'm going to talk about something a little bit closer to home.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื•ื, ืื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืžืฉื”ื• ืงืจื•ื‘ ืงืฆืช ื™ื•ืชืจ.
00:48
Itโ€™s going to be about a team of space engineers
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ืขืœ ืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื”ื ื“ืกื™ ื—ืœืœ
00:51
that invented a COVID-19 ventilator in just 37 days.
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ืฉื”ืžืฆื™ืื• ืžื›ืฉื™ืจ ื”ื ืฉืžื” ืœืงื•ืจื•ื ื”, ื‘-37 ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ืœื‘ื“.
00:56
And it all started when these two people
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ื•ื”ื›ื•ืœ ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ื›ืฉืฉื ื™ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืืœื”
00:58
bumped into each other at the JPL cafeteria.
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ื ืชืงืœื• ืื—ื“ ื‘ืฉื ื™ ื‘ืงืคื™ื˜ืจื™ื” ืฉืœ JPL.
01:01
It was right before the very first shutdown
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืจื’ืข ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืกื’ืจ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ
01:03
when the pandemic started.
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ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืžื’ืคื”.
01:05
They started to talk about work,
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ื”ื ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื• ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”,
01:06
but then they started to talk about what COVID might do in the United States,
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ืื‘ืœ ืื– ื”ื ืขื‘ืจื• ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื•ื ื” ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœืืจื”โ€œื‘,
ื•ืฉื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืžื—ืกื•ืจ ื‘ืžื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื ืฉืžื”.
01:10
and that there might be a shortage of ventilators.
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01:12
And they started to ask the question, a really powerful, important question:
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ื•ื”ื ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื• ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืืช ื”ืฉืืœื”, ืฉืืœื” ื‘ืืžืช ื—ื–ืงื” ื•ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื”:
01:16
Is what I'm doing right this moment
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ื”ืื ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืขื•ืฉื” ื‘ืจื’ืข ื–ื”
01:18
the most important thing that I could be doing?
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ื”ื•ื ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช?
01:21
Well, they went home, everything got shut down,
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ื˜ื•ื‘, ื”ื ื”ืœื›ื• ื”ื‘ื™ืชื”, ื”ื›ื•ืœ ื ืกื’ืจ,
01:23
but Dave couldn't get that question out of his head.
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ืื‘ืœ ื“ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืืช ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ื–ื• ืžื”ืจืืฉ.
01:26
In fact, that weekend, he assembled a team,
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืกื•ืฃ ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื”ื•ื ื”ืจื›ื™ื‘ ืฆื•ื•ืช,
01:29
he found some funding,
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ื”ื•ื ืžืฆื ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ,
01:30
and on Monday afternoon,
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ื•ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉื ื™ ืื—ืจ ื”ืฆื”ืจื™ื™ื,
01:31
they ended up having a doctor come to JPL
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ื”ื ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ืจื•ืคื ืœ-JPL
01:34
who had been working on ventilators for decades,
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ืฉืขื‘ื“ ืขืœ ืžื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื ืฉืžื” ื‘ืžืฉืš ืขืฉื•ืจื™ื,
01:37
told them all about ventilators -- what worked, what didn't work,
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ื•ื”ื•ื ืกื™ืคืจ ืœื”ื ื”ื›ื•ืœ ืขืœ ืžื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื ืฉืžื” - ืžื” ืขื•ื‘ื“, ืžื” ืœื ืขื•ื‘ื“,
01:40
and what was really specific to COVID-19.
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ื•ืžื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืžืฉ ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ ืœืงื•ืจื•ื ื”.
01:43
Now, you can imagine that this group of engineers are asking themselves,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืืชื ื‘ื˜ื— ืžื“ืžื™ื™ื ื™ื ืฉื”ืžื”ื ื“ืกื™ื ืฉื•ืืœื™ื ืืช ืขืฆืžื
01:47
"Are we the right people to be making ventilators?"
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โ€œื”ืื ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ื ื›ื•ื ื™ื ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืžื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื ืฉืžื”?โ€
01:50
Well, after talking with the doctor more, they started to realize that yes,
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ื˜ื•ื‘, ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื“ื™ื‘ืจื• ืขื•ื“ ืขื ื”ืจื•ืคื, ื”ื ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื›ืŸ,
01:54
ventilators are things that are sensing and responding to bodies, human bodies.
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ืžื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื ืฉืžื” ื—ืฉื•ืช ืืช ื”ื’ื•ืฃ, ื•ืžื’ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™.
02:01
In our case, we create instruments that sense and respond to other bodies,
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ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืฉืœื ื•, ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ืฉื—ืฉื™ื ื•ืžื’ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื’ื•ืคื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื,
02:06
like Mars or Jupiter.
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ื›ืžื• ืžืื“ื™ื ืื• ืฆื“ืง.
02:08
Ventilators need to be able to work in really harsh environments.
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ืžื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื ืฉืžื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื•ืช ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ื‘ืชื ืื™ื ืงืฉื™ื ืžืื•ื“.
02:12
Well, we create things that go to outer space.
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ื˜ื•ื‘, ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื™ื•ืฆืื™ื ืœื—ืœืœ ื”ื—ื™ืฆื•ืŸ.
02:15
Ventilators also -- they just have to work,
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ืžื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื ืฉืžื” ื’ื -- ื”ืŸ ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœืขื‘ื•ื“,
02:17
because if they don't work, someone might die.
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ื›ื™ ืื ื”ืŸ ืœื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช, ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืขืœื•ืœ ืœืžื•ืช.
02:20
In our case, we send things to other planets,
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ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืฉืœื ื•, ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืฉื’ืจื™ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืœื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ ืœื›ืช ืื—ืจื™ื,
02:22
and when they get there, we can't go there and fix them,
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ื•ื›ืฉื”ื ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœืฉื, ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื’ืฉืช ืืœื™ื”ื ื•ืœืชืงืŸ ืื•ืชื,
02:25
so we have a culture of testing and testing to prove to ourselves
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ืื– ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื‘ื“ืงื™ื ื•ืžื‘ื“ืงื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื•ื›ื™ื— ืœืขืฆืžื ื•
02:29
that everything can work before we send them.
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ืฉื”ื›ื•ืœ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžืฉื’ืจื™ื ืื•ืชื•.
02:32
Now, ventilators -- they're really complicated,
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ืžื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื ืฉืžื” -- ื”ืŸ ืžืื•ื“ ืžืกื•ื‘ื›ื•ืช,
02:36
and they are really expensive.
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ื•ื”ืŸ ืžืื•ื“ ื™ืงืจื•ืช.
02:38
There's lots of different parts,
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ื™ืฉ ื‘ื”ืŸ ื”ืžื•ืŸ ื—ืœืงื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื,
02:39
and they can do a lot of different types of things.
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ื•ื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื.
02:42
So the team decided that instead of doing a complicated ventilator,
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ืื– ื”ืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืฉื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืžื›ื•ื ืช ื”ื ืฉืžื” ืžืกื•ื‘ื›ืช,
02:46
they were going to do something that was specific just to COVID-19
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ื”ื ื™ืขืฉื• ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ ืœืงื•ืจื•ื ื”
02:50
and that would make it less expensive, use less parts.
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ื•ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื™ืงืจ ืคื—ื•ืช ื•ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ ืžืคื—ื•ืช ื—ืœืงื™ื.
02:53
And if a bunch of these were in the hospital,
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ื•ืื ื›ืžื” ืžื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื›ืืœื” ื™ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื,
02:56
the people that have COVID could be using them,
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ืื– ื—ื•ืœื™ ืงื•ืจื•ื ื” ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื”ืŸ,
02:59
and we could save the really expensive, sophisticated ventilators
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ื•ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืืช ืžื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื”ื ืฉืžื” ื”ื™ืงืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืžืชื•ื—ื›ืžื•ืช ื‘ืืžืช
03:04
for those people who really, really needed them.
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ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื‘ืืžืช ื‘ืืžืช ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœื”ืŸ.
03:06
And so what they ended up doing is that they made subcriteria.
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ืื– ืžื” ืฉื”ื ืขืฉื• ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื–ื” ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืชืช-ืงืจื™ื˜ืจื™ื•ื ื™ื.
03:10
And the criteria was: do no harm --
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ื”ืงืจื™ื˜ืจื™ื•ื ื™ื ื”ื™ื•: ืœื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื ื–ืง --
03:13
don't use any ventilator pieces
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ืœื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื—ืœืงื™ ืžื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื ืฉืžื”
03:15
that are in the supply chain of current ventilators;
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ืฉื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ืฉืจืฉืจืช ื”ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืžื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช;
03:19
make sure that we use as few parts as really necessary;
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ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื›ืžื” ืฉืคื—ื•ืช ื—ืœืงื™ื;
03:23
make sure that we can get those parts anywhere in the world,
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ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ืืช ื”ื—ืœืงื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื,
03:26
because we want people in lots of different countries
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ื›ื™ ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช
03:28
to be able to make these same things;
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ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืืช ืื•ืชื ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง;
03:30
and then make it easy to use,
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ื•ืื– ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื–ื” ืงืœ ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ,
03:31
because if it's not easy to use, people just aren't going to use it.
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ื›ื™ ืื ื–ื” ืœื ืงืœ ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ, ืื ืฉื™ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœื ื™ืฉืชืžืฉื• ื‘ื–ื”.
03:35
Well, I was sitting at home because I wasn't part of this project,
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ืื ื™ ื™ืฉื‘ืชื™ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช, ื›ื™ ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ื”ื–ื”,
03:38
and I'm just kind of working from home,
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ื•ืื ื™ ื›ื›ื” ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืžื”ื‘ื™ืช,
03:40
and then I got this really unusual email by way of Dave Van Buren,
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ื•ืื– ืงื™ื‘ืœืชื™ ืื™ืžื™ื™ืœ ืžืžืฉ ื—ืจื™ื’ ืžื“ื™ื™ื‘ ื•ืืŸ ื‘ื™ื•ืจืŸ,
03:45
asking me if I'd like to be a team culturalist.
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ื”ื•ื ืฉืืœ ืื ืืจืฆื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช โ€œืื—ืจืื™ ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืฆื•ื•ืชโ€œ.
03:49
I had never heard of a team culturalist before.
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ืืฃ ืคืขื ืœื ืฉืžืขืชื™ ืขืœ โ€œืื—ืจืื™ ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืฆื•ื•ืชโ€œ.
03:51
I actually lead a team of artists and designers,
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืื ื™ ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืืžื ื™ื ื•ืžืขืฆื‘ื™ื,
03:54
and we help people think through their thinking.
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ื–ืจื™ื ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœื”ื.
03:56
But I thought, "You know what? I'm going to do anything to help.
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ืื‘ืœ ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™, โ€œืืชื” ื™ื•ื“ืข ืžื”? ืื ื™ ืืขืฉื” ื”ื›ื•ืœ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขื–ื•ืจ.
ืชื ื• ืœื™ ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืก ื•ืœืขื–ื•ืจโ€œ.
03:59
Let me go in and be of help."
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ืื– ื–ื” ื”-JPL, ื–ื” ืžืงื•ื ืžืžืฉ ื’ื“ื•ืœ,
04:01
And so this is JPL, it's a really big place,
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04:03
but they only let around 200 people on lab,
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ืื‘ืœ ืžื•ืชืจ ืจืง ืœ-200 ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืขืจืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžืขื‘ื“ื”,
04:06
and only a few of those were people working on the ventilator.
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ื•ืจืง ื›ืžื” ืžื”ื ืขื‘ื“ื• ืขืœ ืžื›ื•ื ืช ื”ื”ื ืฉืžื”.
04:09
But this -- this is what I came to when I first got there.
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” -- ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืคื’ืฉืชื™ ื›ืฉื”ื’ืขืชื™ ืœืฉื ื‘ืคืขื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”.
04:13
There's flashing lights, handwritten signs all over the place,
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ื™ืฉ ืื•ืจื•ืช ืžื”ื‘ื”ื‘ื™ื, ืฉืœื˜ื™ื ื‘ื›ืชื‘ ื™ื“ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื,
04:16
a line on the ground and a sign-up sheet ...
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ืงื• ืขืœ ื”ืจืฆืคื” ื•ื˜ื•ืคืก ื”ืจืฉืžื”...
04:19
It was really strange.
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืžืฉ ืžื•ื–ืจ.
04:20
And I realized the people on the project were in different rooms,
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ื•ื”ื‘ื ืชื™ ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืขื‘ื“ื• ืขืœ ื”ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื—ื“ืจื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื,
04:23
and they couldn't see each other.
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ื•ืœื ื™ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืื—ื“ ืืช ื”ืฉื ื™.
ืื– ืœื™ืงื˜ืชื™ ืžืฆืœืžื•ืช ื•ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ื•ื›ื‘ืœื™ื
04:25
So I scavenged cameras and computers and cables
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04:28
from all the computers of people that are working at home
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ืžื›ืœ ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืžื”ื‘ื™ืช
ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ืฉืชืืคืฉืจ ืœื›ื•ืœื ืœืจืื•ืช ืื—ื“ ืืช ื”ืฉื ื™.
04:31
to be able to set up a system so everyone could see each other.
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04:34
And in the process, I realized that this is a really important moment.
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ืชื•ืš ื›ื“ื™ ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš, ื”ื‘ื ืชื™ ืฉื–ื” ืจื’ืข ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืžืื•ื“.
04:37
This is really a historically important moment,
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ื–ื” ื‘ืืžืช ืจื’ืข ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ ื—ืฉื•ื‘,
04:40
and so I need to be taking pictures of all these different moments.
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ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื ื™ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืฆืœื ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืจื’ืขื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื.
ื•ื›ื›ื” ื”ืฆืœื—ืชื™ ืœืชืขื“ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืจื’ืขื™ื ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื ื”ืืœื”
04:43
And so I was able to get pictures of all these special moments
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ื›ืฉื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื• ืœืขื‘ื•ื“, ื•ื’ื ื›ืฉื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืœื ืขื‘ื“ื•,
04:46
when things first started to work, but also when things didn't work,
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04:49
and I was able to send them to the rest of the team,
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ื•ืฉืœื—ืชื™ ืื•ืชื ืœืฉืืจ ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื”,
ื›ื™, ื‘ืขืฆื, ืจืง 20% ืžื”ืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ื™ื• ื‘-JPL.
04:52
because, really, only about 20 percent of the team was at JPL.
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04:54
The rest were at home working
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ื›ืœ ื”ืฉืืจ ืขื‘ื“ื• ืžื”ื‘ื™ืช
04:56
and not really feeling connected to what was going on.
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ื•ืœื ืžืžืฉ ื”ืจื’ื™ืฉื• ืžื—ื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืœืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื”.
04:59
So this was a really great way for them to feel like they were part of the team.
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ืื– ื–ื• ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื“ืจืš ื‘ืืžืช ืžืขื•ืœื” ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื”ื ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ืฉื”ื ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืฆื•ื•ืช.
05:03
Now, everything was going super fast.
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ื”ื›ื•ืœ ืงืจื” ืžืื•ื“ ืžืื•ื“ ืžื”ืจ.
05:05
And, just an example, the chief engineer said, "Hey,
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ืจืง ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”, ื”ืžื”ื ื“ืก ื”ืจืืฉื™ ืืžืจ
05:08
we need an interface for this ventilator
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โ€œื”ื™ื™, ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืžืžืฉืง ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ืœืžื›ื•ื ืช ื”ื”ื ืฉืžื”
05:10
that's going to be super easy for doctors to use.
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ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืกื•ืคืจ ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœืจื•ืคืื™ื ืœืชืคืขืœ ืื•ืชื•.
05:12
And could you get it done by 6am tomorrow?" (Laughs)
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ื•ืชื•ื›ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื–ื” ืขื“ ืžื—ืจ ื‘ืฉืฉ ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ?โ€ (ืฆื•ื—ืง)
05:17
And so our team called up a whole bunch of doctors all over the country at 8pm.
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ื•ื›ื›ื” ื”ืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืชืงืฉืจ ืœืžืœื ืจื•ืคืื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืืจืฅ ื‘ืฉืžื•ื ื” ื‘ืขืจื‘.
05:21
We got together with them, got done at 10pm,
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ืฉื•ื—ื—ื ื• ืื™ืชื, ืกื™ื™ืžื ื• ื‘ืขืฉืจ ื‘ืœื™ืœื”,
05:24
asking them a bunch of questions.
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ืฉืืœื ื• ืื•ืชื ื”ืžื•ืŸ ืฉืืœื•ืช.
05:26
And literally, a designer ended up spending all night working on this,
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ื•ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืžืขืฆื‘ ืขื‘ื“ ืขืœ ื–ื” ื›ืœ ื”ืœื™ืœื”,
05:29
and by 6am, he had an interface done.
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ื•ืขื“ ืฉืฉ ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ, ื”ืžืžืฉืง ื”ื™ื” ื’ืžื•ืจ.
05:33
Now, this was just par for the course
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื”ืจื’ื™ืœ
05:35
for what the engineers were going through,
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ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžื”ื ื“ืกื™ื,
05:37
because they were trying to create something they'd never thought of before.
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ื›ื™ ื”ื ื ื™ืกื• ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉื”ื ืœื ื—ืฉื‘ื• ืขืœื™ื• ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืŸ.
05:40
They were trying to get all the parts to work,
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ื”ื ื ื™ืกื• ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื›ืœ ื”ื—ืœืงื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ื“,
ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœืชื•ื›ื ื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืขื ื”ื—ืœืงื™ื...
05:43
get the software to work with parts ...
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05:44
But the entire time, we were working with various doctors.
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื–ื”, ืขื‘ื“ื ื• ืขื ืจื•ืคืื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื.
05:47
The person in the middle is Dr. Gurevitch.
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ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ื”ื•ื ื“โ€œืจ ื’ื•ืจื‘ื™ืฅ.
05:49
He's the person who first told the team about what a ventilator was.
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ื”ื•ื ื–ื” ืฉืกื™ืคืจ ืœืฆื•ื•ืช ืžื” ื–ื• ืžื›ื•ื ืช ื”ื ืฉืžื”.
05:54
The person in the computer next to him, his name is Dr. Levin.
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ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืžื—ืฉื‘ ืœื™ื“ื•, ืฉืžื• ื“โ€œืจ ืœื•ื™ืŸ.
05:57
He's at Mount Sinai Hospital in New York,
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ื”ื•ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื Mount Sinai ื‘ื ื™ื•-ื™ื•ืจืง,
06:00
and that was the epicenter of COVID at the very beginning.
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ืฉื”ื™ื” ื”ืžื•ืงื“ ืฉืœ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืงื•ืจื•ื ื” ื‘ื”ืชื—ืœื”.
06:04
And he would literally come out of the ICU in his [scrubs]
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ื•ื”ื•ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื™ืฆื ืžื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื ืžืจืฅ ืœื‘ื•ืฉ [ื‘ืžื“ื™ื]
06:07
and get on the webcam and start to critique what we're creating.
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ื•ื”ืชื—ื‘ืจ ืœืžืฆืœืžืช ืจืฉืช ื•ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื‘ืงืจ ืืช ืžื” ืฉื‘ื ื™ื ื•.
06:11
So, 37 days after they first learned what a ventilator was,
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ืื–, 37 ื™ืžื™ื ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ื ืœืžื“ื• ื‘ืคืขื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžื” ื–ื• ืžื›ื•ื ืช ื”ื ืฉืžื”,
06:16
they stayed up the entire night,
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ื”ื ื ืฉืืจื• ืขืจื™ื ื›ืœ ื”ืœื™ืœื”,
06:19
and in the morning, they had finally finished
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ื•ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ, ื”ื ืกื•ืฃ ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืฉืœื™ืžื•
06:21
their first working prototype of a ventilator.
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ืืช ืื‘-ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืก ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžื›ื•ื ืช ื”ื”ื ืฉืžื”.
06:24
They had to hurry up and package it up,
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ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืžื”ืจ ื•ืœืืจื•ื– ืื•ืชื”,
06:26
because then they were going to send it to New York,
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ื›ื™ ืื– ื”ื™ื ื ืฉืœื—ื” ืœื ื™ื•-ื™ื•ืจืง,
06:28
to Dr. Levin at Mount Sinai Hospital,
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ืœื“โ€œืจ ืœื•ื™ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื Mount Sinai,
06:31
where they tested it on this human testing case
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ืฉื ื‘ื—ื ื• ืื•ืชื” ืขืœ ื“ื’ื ืฉืœ ื‘ืŸ ืื“ื
06:34
where they were able to see whether or not the ventilator worked,
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ื•ืฉื ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ืื ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื” ืขื•ื‘ื“ืช ืื• ืœื,
ื•ื”ื™ื ืขื‘ื“ื”.
06:37
and it worked.
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ื›ื•ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืกื•ืคืจ-ื ืจื’ืฉื™ื,
06:38
Everyone was super excited,
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06:39
but they're even more excited today,
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื ืืคื™ืœื• ืขื•ื“ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื ืจื’ืฉื™ื,
06:41
because there are 27 organizations all around the world
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ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ 27 ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื
06:45
that are creating these things.
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ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื ื›ืืœื” ืžื›ื•ื ื•ืช.
06:47
They're in Nigeria, in Brazil, in India, in dozens of other countries.
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ื”ื ื‘ื ื™ื’ืจื™ื”, ื‘ื‘ืจื–ื™ืœ, ื‘ื”ื•ื“ื•, ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช,
06:51
And it all started with that simple, powerful question:
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ื•ื”ื›ื•ืœ ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืฉืืœื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ื” ื•ืขื•ืฆืžืชื™ืช:
06:56
Is what I'm doing right now
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ื”ืื ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืขื•ืฉื” ื‘ืจื’ืข ื–ื”
06:58
the most important thing I should be doing?
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ื”ื•ื ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช?
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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