What It's Like To Be a War Refugee | Zarlasht Halaimzai | TED

45,407 views ใƒป 2022-04-04

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ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืชืจื’ื•ื: Michal Shargil Ben Sira ืขืจื™ื›ื”: Naama Lieberman
00:04
I was born during a war
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ื ื•ืœื“ืชื™ ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืžืœื—ืžื”
00:06
that still engulfs my country, Afghanistan.
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ืฉืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื•ืœืขืช ืืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฉืœื™, ืืคื’ื ื™ืกื˜ืŸ.
00:10
When I was growing up, violence was all around me.
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ื›ืฉื’ื“ืœืชื™, ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื™ืชื” ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ื™ ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ.
00:15
I remember sitting in my living room with my family
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ืื ื™ ื–ื•ื›ืจืช ืืช ืขืฆืžื™ ื™ื•ืฉื‘ืช ื‘ืกืœื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื”
00:18
when a distant thud would jerk us all out of our seats.
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ื›ืฉื—ื‘ื˜ื” ืจื—ื•ืงื” ื”ืงืคื™ืฆื” ืืช ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืžื”ืžื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉืœื ื•.
00:24
As the sound of the rockets came closer and closer,
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ื›ืฉืงื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืจืงื˜ื•ืช ื”ืชืงืจื‘ื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ,
00:28
our bodies would coil and freeze.
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ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ืฉืœื ื• ื”ืชืคืชืœ ื•ืงืคื.
00:32
My grandmother would take charge of her terrified flock
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ืกื‘ืชื ืฉืœื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืชื•ืคืกืช ืคื™ืงื•ื“ ืขืœ ื”ืขื“ืจ ื”ืžื‘ื•ืขืช ืฉืœื”
00:35
and shepherd us into a room in the back of the house.
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ื•ืจื•ืขื” ืื•ืชื ื• ืืœ ื—ื“ืจ ื‘ืฆื“ ื”ืื—ื•ืจื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ื™ืช.
00:39
No less exposed, but to us, it somehow felt safer.
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ืœื ืคื—ื•ืช ื—ืฉื•ืฃ, ืื‘ืœ ืขื‘ื•ืจื ื•, ื–ื” ืื™ื›ืฉื”ื• ื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื˜ื•ื—.
00:46
I'd cling to my granny and clench my fists
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ื ืฆืžื“ืชื™ ืืœ ืกื‘ืชื ืฉืœื™ ื•ืงืคืฆืชื™ ืืช ืื’ืจื•ืคื™ื™
00:49
wondering why this was happening to us.
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ืชื•ื”ื” ืœืžื” ื–ื” ืงื•ืจื” ืœื ื•.
00:53
I clearly remember my little brother's face wincing
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ืื ื™ ื–ื•ื›ืจืช ื‘ื‘ื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืืช ืคื ื™ื• ื”ืžื›ื•ื•ืฆื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื—ื™ ื”ืงื˜ืŸ
00:57
every time we heard a rocket fall.
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ื‘ื›ืœ ืคืขื ืฉืฉืžืขื ื• ืจืงื˜ื” ื ื•ืคืœืช.
01:01
It was this violence,
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ื–ื• ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื–ืืช,
01:03
this war that still goes on today,
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ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื”ื–ื• ืฉื ืžืฉื›ืช ืขื“ ืขืฆื ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื–ื”,
01:05
which forced my family to leave our home.
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ืฉืื™ืœืฆื” ืืช ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืœื™ ืœืขื–ื•ื‘ ืืช ื‘ื™ืชื ื•.
01:09
We left early one morning not knowing where we would end up.
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ืขื–ื‘ื ื• ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ ืื—ื“ ืžื•ืงื“ื ื‘ืœื™ ืœื“ืขืช ืœืืŸ ื ื’ื™ืข.
01:14
Along the way, there was more violence.
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ืœืื•ืจืš ื”ื“ืจืš, ื”ื™ืชื” ืขื•ื“ ืืœื™ืžื•ืช.
01:17
We drove on roads with landmines,
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ื ืกืขื ื• ื‘ื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื ืขื ืžื•ืงืฉื™ื,
01:19
and everywhere we went, there was hostility.
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ื•ืœื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืฉื”ืœื›ื ื•, ื”ื™ืชื” ืขื•ื™ื ื•ืช.
01:24
The overriding memory in my body of those years
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ื”ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื•ืœื˜ ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืข ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ ืฉืœื™ ืžืื•ืชืŸ ืฉื ื™ื
01:27
is of feeling unsafe.
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ื”ื•ื ื”ืจื’ืฉื” ืœื ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื”.
01:30
Feeling as though something terrible would happen to me
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ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ืฉืžืฉื”ื• ื ื•ืจื ื™ืงืจื” ืœื™
01:34
or to my family.
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ืื• ืœืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืœื™.
01:37
We worried about our friends and family back home.
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ื“ืื’ื ื• ืœื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ืœืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืœื ื• ืฉื ืฉืืจื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืžืื—ื•ืจ.
01:40
My grandmother was still in Kabul, and I missed her terribly.
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ืกื‘ืชื ืฉืœื™ ื ืžืฆืืช ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืงืื‘ื•ืœ, ื•ื”ืชื’ืขื’ืขืชื™ ืืœื™ื” ื ื•ืจื.
01:45
I'd go to bed at night and say the prayers she taught me
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื ื›ื ืกืช ืœืžื™ื˜ื” ื‘ืœื™ืœื” ื•ืื•ืžืจืช ืืช ื”ืชืคื™ืœื” ืฉื”ื™ื ืœื™ืžื“ื” ืื•ืชื™
01:49
to pray for her safety.
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ื”ืชืคืœืœืชื™ ืœืฉืœื•ืžื”.
01:52
We wanted nothing more than to go back home.
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ืœื ืจืฆื™ื ื• ื›ืœื•ื ื—ื•ืฅ ืžืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ืชื”.
01:55
But when the Taliban took over the country in 1996,
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ืฉื”ื˜ืœื™ื‘ืืŸ ื”ืฉืชืœื˜ ืขืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ืฉื ืช 1996,
01:59
my parents realized that was no longer an option.
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ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœื™ ื”ื‘ื™ื ื• ืฉื–ืืช ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ืื•ืคืฆื™ื”.
02:04
So after four years of living in exile,
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ืื– ืื—ืจื™ ืืจื‘ืข ืฉื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ื’ืœื•ืช,
02:07
we sought asylum in the UK and began a new life.
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ื‘ื™ืงืฉื ื• ืžืงืœื˜ ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ื” ื•ื”ืชื—ืœื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื.
02:12
I started going to school.
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ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœืœื›ืช ืœื‘ื™ืช ืกืคืจ.
02:14
And almost 25 years later, I'm standing here with you.
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ื•ื›ืžืขื˜ 25 ืฉื ื™ื ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืื ื™ ืขื•ืžื“ืช ื›ืืŸ ืื™ืชื›ื.
02:19
I'm now working to help others overcome devastation by war.
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ืื ื™ ื›ืขืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ืช ื‘ืกื™ื•ืข ืœืื—ืจื™ื ืœื”ืชื’ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืจืก ื”ืžืœื—ืžื”.
02:25
To overcome the trauma of being expendable.
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ืœื”ืชื’ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื”ื˜ืจืื•ืžื” ืฉืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื™ื•ืชืจ.
02:30
In my work,
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ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื™,
02:31
I see how living under constant threat of violence and feeling unsafe
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ืื” ืื™ืš ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืชื—ืช ืื™ื•ื ืžืชืžื™ื“ ืฉืœ ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื•ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ืœื ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื”
02:37
can affect people,
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ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ืื ืฉื™ื,
02:39
even when they manage to get out.
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ืืคื™ืœื• ื›ืฉื”ื ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื™ื ืœืฆืืช.
02:42
War leaves a physical legacy in our body,
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ืžืœื—ืžื” ืžืฉืื™ืจื” ืžื•ืจืฉืช ืคื™ื–ื™ืช ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ ืฉืœื ื•,
02:46
our mind and in our spirit.
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ื‘ืžื•ื— ืฉืœื ื• ื•ื‘ืจื•ื— ืฉืœื ื•.
02:50
When I tell people about my life,
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ื›ืฉืื ื™ ืžืกืคืจืช ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื™,
02:52
they sometimes say it's a remarkable story.
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ื”ื ืœืคืขืžื™ื ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉื–ื” ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื™ื•ืฆื ื“ื•ืคืŸ.
02:55
But this is not true.
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืœื ื ื›ื•ืŸ.
02:58
Millions of people are living through war and displacement,
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ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ืื ืฉื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื ืชื—ืช ืžืœื—ืžื” ื›ืฉื”ื ืขืงื•ืจื™ื,
03:02
trying to survive.
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ื•ืžื ืกื™ื ืœืฉืจื•ื“.
03:05
For these people, like my family,
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ืœืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืืœื”, ื›ืžื• ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืœื™,
03:07
the dream isn't to get rich
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ื”ื—ืœื•ื ื”ื•ื ืœื ืœื”ืชืขืฉืจ
03:10
or to go on vacations or to buy that perfect house.
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ืื• ืœืฆืืช ืœื—ื•ืคืฉื•ืช ืื• ืœืงื ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืช ืžื•ืฉืœื.
03:15
They have a modest,
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ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ื—ืœื•ื ืฆื ื•ืข,
03:17
yet somehow still extravagant dream of being safe.
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ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ืื™ื›ืฉื”ื• ื—ืœื•ื ืจืื•ื•ืชื ื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื™ื.
03:23
They dream of a day when they can go to the market
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ื”ื ื—ื•ืœืžื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื™ื•ื ืฉื‘ื• ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœืœื›ืช ืœืฉื•ืง
03:26
without the fear of violence.
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ื‘ืœื™ ืœืคื—ื“ ืžืืœื™ืžื•ืช.
03:29
Or send their kids to school
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ืื• ืœืฉืœื•ื— ืืช ื™ืœื“ื™ื”ื ืœื‘ื™ืช ืกืคืจ
03:32
without being afraid for their lives.
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ื‘ืœื™ ืœื—ืฉื•ืฉ ืœื—ื™ื™ื”ื.
03:37
War is dislocating.
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ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ืžืคืจืงืช.
03:40
It gets inside your body and makes you into a thing,
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ื ื›ื ืกืช ืœืš ืœื’ื•ืฃ ื•ื”ื•ืคื›ืช ืื•ืชืš ืœืžืฉื”ื•,
03:45
a corpse.
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ืœื’ื•ืคื”.
03:48
It can dislodge empathy, hope and joy
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ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขืงื•ืจ ืืžืคืชื™ื”, ืชืงื•ื•ื” ื•ืฉืžื—ื”
03:52
and replace them with fear.
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ื•ืœื”ื—ืœื™ืคื ื‘ืคื—ื“.
03:55
The fear that comes from living in the violence of war
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ื”ืคื—ื“ ืฉืžื’ื™ืข ืžื—ื™ื™ื ืชื—ืช ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืžืœื—ืžื”
03:59
can break social bonds,
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ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืฉื‘ื•ืจ ืงืฉืจื™ื ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื,
04:01
disbanding the very communities we rely on for safety.
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ื•ืœืคืจืง ืืช ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ืฉืžืขื ื™ืงื•ืช ืœื ื• ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ.
04:06
Women and children I work with complain about pain in their body.
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ื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉืื ื™ ืขื•ื‘ื“ืช ืื™ืชื ืžืชืœื•ื ื ื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืื‘ื™ื ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ.
04:10
Children as young as three or four talk about hurt in their bellies
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ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ื‘ื ื™ ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืื• ืืจื‘ืข ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืื‘ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื˜ืŸ
04:15
and not because they're hungry.
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ื•ืœื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืจืขื‘ื™ื.
04:18
It's a pain I know well.
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ื–ื” ื›ืื‘ ืฉืื ื™ ืžื›ื™ืจื” ื”ื™ื˜ื‘.
04:21
A constant, dull ache all over your body,
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ื›ืื‘ ืขืžื•ื ืžืชืžืฉืš ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ,
04:25
and it feels as though nothing can alleviate it.
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ื•ื™ืฉ ื”ืจื’ืฉื” ื›ืื™ืœื• ื›ืœื•ื ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืงืœ ืื•ืชื•.
04:30
People have nightmares and experience overwhelming emotions:
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ืื ืฉื™ื ืกื•ื‘ืœื™ื ืžืกื™ื•ื˜ื™ื ื•ื—ื•ื•ื™ื ืจื’ืฉื•ืช ืžืฆื™ืคื™ื:
04:35
grief, sadness and anger.
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ืื‘ืœ, ืขืฆื‘ื•ืช ื•ื›ืขืก.
04:40
"Why did I deserve this," they wonder.
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โ€œืœืžื” ื–ื” ืžื’ื™ืข ืœื™โ€ ื”ื ืชื•ื”ื™ื.
04:44
This is the situation facing 84 million forcibly displaced people.
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ื–ื” ื”ืžืฆื‘ ืฉืื™ืชื• ืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ื™ื 84 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื ืขืงืจื• ื‘ื›ื•ื—.
04:49
And according to UNHCR, more than half are women and children.
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ื•ืœืคื™ ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืื•โ€œื ืœืคืœื™ื˜ื™ื, ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื—ืฆื™ืชื ื”ื ื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ืœื“ื™ื.
04:55
What's even more startling
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ืžื” ืฉืืคื™ืœื• ืขื•ื“ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื‘ื”ื™ืœ
04:57
is the number of people living in active conflict zones.
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ื”ื•ื ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืื–ื•ืจื™ ืขื™ืžื•ืช ืคืขื™ืœื™ื.
05:02
According to Save the Children,
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ืœืคื™ ืืจื’ื•ืŸ Save the Children,
05:04
420 million children are growing up in places where violence is the norm.
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420 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื’ื“ืœื™ื ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฉื‘ื”ื ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื™ื ื”ื ื•ืจืžื”.
05:10
These are families and children subject to forces they cannot control.
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ืืœื” ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ื•ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืœื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœืฉืœื™ื˜ืชื.
05:16
Yet war and violence don't become normal.
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ืื‘ืœ ืžืœื—ืžื” ื•ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ืœื ื”ื•ืคื›ื•ืช ืœื ื•ืจืžืœื™ื•ืช.
05:22
The stress and trauma experienced by people who go through war
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ื”ืœื—ืฅ ื•ื”ื˜ืจืื•ืžื” ืฉื ื—ื•ื•ื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืžืœื—ืžื”
05:26
is itself deadly.
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ื”ื ื‘ืขืฆืžื ืงื˜ืœื ื™ื™ื.
05:29
Illnesses like cancer,
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ืžื—ืœื•ืช ื›ืžื• ืกืจื˜ืŸ,
05:31
diabetes and heart disease
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ืกื•ื›ืจืช ื•ืžื—ืœื•ืช ืœื‘
05:34
have been linked to trauma and chronic stress.
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ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืœื˜ืจืื•ืžื” ื•ืœืžืชื— ื›ืจื•ื ื™.
05:38
But it's the psychic pain that affects people the most.
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ื”ื›ืื‘ ื”ื ืคืฉื™ ืฉื”ื›ื™ ืžืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ืื ืฉื™ื.
05:43
Depression, PTSD and other psychiatric disorders
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ื“ื™ื›ืื•ืŸ, ืคื•ืกื˜ ื˜ืจืื•ืžื” ื•ื”ืคืจืขื•ืช ื ืคืฉื™ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช
05:47
affect a significant percentage of people who go through war.
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ืžืฉืคื™ืขื™ื ืขืœ ืื—ื•ื– ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ืžื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืžืœื—ืžื”.
05:52
I was shocked when I learned that since 9/11,
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ืฉื•ืง ื›ืฉืœืžื“ืชื™ ืฉืžืื– 11 ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ,
05:56
four times more US soldiers have taken their own lives
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ืคื™ ืืจื‘ืข ื™ื•ืชืจ ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ืืžืจื™ืงื ื™ื ื ื˜ืœื• ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื”ื
06:01
than died in combat.
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ืžืืฉืจ ืžืชื• ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื”.
06:04
Reconciling to normal life after you've seen life-shattering war
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ืœื”ืชืคื™ื™ืก ืขื ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืจื’ื™ืœื™ื ืื—ืจื™ ืฉืจืื™ืช ืžืœื—ืžื” ืžื˜ืœื˜ืœืช ื—ื™ื™ื
06:10
can be the hardest of tasks for a human being.
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ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉื™ืžื” ื”ืงืฉื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ืŸ ืื“ื.
06:15
But mental health and healing are often overlooked
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ืื‘ืœ ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืžืชืขืœืžื™ื ืžื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื•ืžืจื™ืคื•ื™
06:19
when supporting people who have survived war.
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ื›ืฉืชื•ืžื›ื™ื ื‘ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืฉืจื“ื• ืžืœื—ืžื”.
06:22
And that's why I set up Refugee Trauma Initiative,
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ื•ื–ื• ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉื”ืงืžืชื™ ืžื™ื–ื ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื˜ืจืื•ืžื” ืฉืœ ืคืœื™ื˜ื™ื,
06:25
to help support the mental health of those affected by war and displacement.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืชืžื•ืš ื‘ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืฉืœ ืžื™ ืฉื”ื•ืฉืคืขื• ืžืžืœื—ืžื” ื•ืžืขืงื™ืจื”.
06:31
Our organization is one of several around the world that helps people
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ื”ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ื• ื”ื•ื ืื—ื“ ืžื›ืžื” ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืœืขื•ืœื ืฉืขื•ื–ืจื™ื ืœืื ืฉื™ื
06:35
so they can begin to feel safe again.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื™ื.
06:39
When feeling safe is splintered
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ื›ืฉืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื ืกื“ืงืช
06:42
and you feel unsafe and unseen,
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ื•ืืช ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื” ืœื ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื” ื•ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืจืื™ืช,
06:45
we work to help bring the internal safe system back online.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืœืคืขื•ืœื” ืืช ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™.
06:52
We create spaces where people can convene
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ืื ื• ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ืื ืฉื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืชื›ื ืก
06:55
and heal as a community.
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ื•ืœื”ื—ืœื™ื ื™ื—ื“ ื›ืงื”ื™ืœื”.
06:58
In our groups, men, women and children reconnect with their bodies,
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ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•, ื’ื‘ืจื™ื, ื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืžืชื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืœื’ื•ืฃ ืฉืœื”ื,
07:03
have the space to express what they are feeling,
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ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืžืจื—ื‘ ืœื‘ื˜ื ืืช ืžื” ืฉื”ื ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื,
07:07
and most importantly,
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ื•ื”ื›ื™ ื—ืฉื•ื‘,
07:09
reconnect with others.
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ืœื”ืชื—ื‘ืจ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืœืื—ืจื™ื.
07:11
We use art, mindfulness,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ืืžื ื•ืช, ื‘ืžื™ื™ื ื“ืคื•ืœื ืก,
07:14
dance and storytelling
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ื‘ืจื™ืงื•ื“ ื•ื‘ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื˜ืœื™ื ื’
07:16
to help make sense of the dislocating experiences of violence
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื”ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืฉืคืขืช ื”ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ืขืœ ื—ื•ื•ื™ื™ืช ื”ืชืœื™ืฉื•ืช
07:22
and of being forced to leave your home.
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ื•ื”ื”ื›ืจื— ืœืขื–ื•ื‘ ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ืช.
07:25
And everything that we do is underpinned by value-based practice.
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ื•ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืžื•ืฉืชืช ืขืœ ืชืจื’ื•ืœ ืžื‘ื•ืกืก-ืขืจื›ื™ื.
07:29
We practice understanding, curiosity
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืชืจื’ืœื™ื ื”ื‘ื ื”, ืกืงืจื ื•ืช
07:33
and respect to everyone who comes through the door.
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ื•ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืœื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืฉืขื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื“ืœืช.
07:39
We recognize and acknowledge their trauma
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื ื‘ื˜ืจืื•ืžื” ืฉืœื”ื
07:42
without pathologizing or medicalizing their very normal human reaction
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ื‘ืœื™ ืคืจืฉื ื•ืช ืคืชื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ืื• ืจืคื•ืื™ืช ืœืชื’ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืื“ ื ื•ืจืžืœื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื
07:48
to the reckless violence they've experienced.
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ืœืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื—ืกืจืช ื”ืจื—ืžื™ื ืฉื”ื ื—ื•ื•.
07:51
And we recognize that these experiences are the result of systemic injustice
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ืฉื”ื—ื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื• ื”ืŸ ืชื•ืฆืื” ืฉืœ ืื™-ืฆื“ืง ืžืขืจื›ืชื™
07:57
and oppression that often have colonial roots,
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ื•ื“ื™ื›ื•ื™ ืฉืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื™ืฉ ืœื• ืฉื•ืจืฉื™ื ืงื•ืœื•ื ื™ืืœื™ืกื˜ื™ื™ื,
08:01
which has dehumanized and killed people for centuries.
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ืฉืขืฉื• ื“ื”-ื”ื•ืžื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ื•ื”ืจื’ื• ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืš ืžืื•ืช ืฉื ื™ื.
08:06
At the heart of our work is a simple yet fundamental notion
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ื‘ืœื‘ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื ื• ื ืžืฆื ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืื‘ืœ ื™ืกื•ื“ื™
08:11
that feelings of safety
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ืฉืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ
08:13
are inextricably tied to feeling connected to a community.
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ืงืฉื•ืจื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืคืจื“ ืœืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืงื”ื™ืœื”.
08:18
A community where you feel worthy and seen.
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ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืฉื‘ื” ืชืจื’ื™ืฉ ืจืื•ื™, ื•ืฉืจื•ืื™ื ืื•ืชืš.
08:22
Where your suffering will be recognized and cared for,
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ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืฉื‘ื” ื”ืกื‘ืœ ืฉืœืš ื™ื–ื›ื” ืœื”ื›ืจื” ื•ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ,
08:27
where you can experience belonging.
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ื•ืฉื‘ื” ืชื•ื›ืœ ืœื—ื•ื•ืช ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช.
08:30
Understanding how violence and conflict affects and changes people
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ื”ื”ื‘ื ื” ืขื“ ื›ืžื” ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื•ืขื™ืžื•ืช ืžืฉืคื™ืขื™ื ื•ืžืฉื ื™ื ืื ืฉื™ื
08:36
is more important than ever.
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ื”ื™ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ืžืชืžื™ื“.
08:39
Our world is embroiled in multiple chronic conflicts
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ื”ืขื•ืœื ืฉืœื ื• ืžืกื•ื‘ืš ื‘ืขื™ืžื•ืชื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื•ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื™ื
08:42
that seem to have no end in sight.
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ืฉื ืจืื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ืกื•ืฃ ื‘ืื•ืคืง.
08:45
Since 1945, there have been 150 conflicts around the world,
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ืžืื– 1945, ื”ืชืจื—ืฉื• 150 ืขื™ืžื•ืชื™ื ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืœืขื•ืœื,
08:50
and the overwhelming majority of casualties have been civilians.
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ื•ื”ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžื•ื—ืฅ ืฉืœ ื”ื ืคื’ืขื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืื–ืจื—ื™ื.
08:57
We can't talk about this human toll of war
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ืœื ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืœื—ืžื”
09:01
without talking about the war industry.
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ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืœื—ืžื”.
09:05
The war on terror over the last 20 years unleashed a new kind of violence,
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ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื‘ื˜ืจื•ืจ ื‘ืขืฉืจื™ื ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื—ืจืจื” ืกื•ื’ ื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ืืœื™ืžื•ืช,
09:11
displacing 38 million people.
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ื•ืขืงืจื” 38 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื.
09:15
This is a war that made drone warfare the norm.
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ื–ื” ืžืœื—ืžื” ืฉื”ืคื›ื” ืืช ืœื•ื—ืžืช ื”ืจื—ืคื ื™ื ืœื ื•ืจืžื”.
09:21
Drones enable automated extermination.
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ืจื—ืคื ื™ื ืžืืคืฉืจื™ื ื”ืฉืžื“ื” ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ืช.
09:27
As we are moving closer and closer towards automation of war,
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ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžืชืงืจื‘ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืงืจืืช ืžืœื—ืžื” ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ืช,
09:34
what happens when we outsource violence,
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ืžื” ืงื•ืจื” ื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืžื™ืงื•ืจ ื—ื•ืฅ ืœืืœื™ืžื•ืช,
09:37
the extinguishing of a human life,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื—ืกืœื™ื ื—ื™ื™ ื”ืื“ื,
09:40
to a computer?
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ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื—ืฉื‘?
09:42
What happens to us as an interconnected global community
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ืžื” ืงื•ืจื” ืœื ื• ื›ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ืช ืžืงื•ืฉืจืช
09:46
when a machine and not a human
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ื›ืฉืžื›ื•ื ื” ื•ืœื ืื“ื
09:49
decides whether a life is worth something?
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ืžื—ืœื™ื˜ื” ื”ืื ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉื•ื•ื™ื ืžืฉื”ื•?
09:54
This is all bleak,
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ื›ืœ ื–ื” ืžืื“ ืขื’ื•ื,
09:56
but not hopeless.
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ืื‘ืœ ืœื ืื‘ื•ื“.
09:59
There's always room to adjust our trajectory to a better future.
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ืชืžื™ื“ ื™ืฉ ืžืงื•ื ืœื ื•ื•ื˜ ืืช ื”ืžืกืœื•ืœ ืฉืœื ื• ืœืขืชื™ื“ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ.
10:04
I'm standing here in the most powerful country in the world,
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ืื ื™ ืขื•ืžื“ืช ื›ื™ื•ื ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ื›ื™ ื—ื–ืงื” ื‘ืขื•ืœื,
10:08
a citizen of the United Kingdom,
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ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื™ืช,
10:10
two countries that have long held power over war and peace.
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ืฉืชื™ ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืฉื”ื—ื–ื™ืงื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ืฉื ื™ื ื‘ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ืขืœ ืžืœื—ืžื” ื•ืฉืœื•ื.
10:16
And the first thing that we can do
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ื•ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช
10:18
is demand that our governments stop investing in mass destruction.
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ื”ื•ื ืœื“ืจื•ืฉ ืฉื”ืžืžืฉืœื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ื™ืคืกื™ืงื• ืœื”ืฉืงื™ืข ื‘ื”ืจืก ื”ืžื•ื ื™.
10:24
At a time when we need to invest in tackling climate change
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ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ืฉื‘ื” ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ืฉืงื™ืข ื‘ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืขื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ ื”ืืงืœื™ื
10:27
and in health care,
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ื•ื‘ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช,
10:29
our governments are financing weapons and drones.
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ื”ืžืžืฉืœื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ืžืžืžื ื•ืช ื›ืœื™ ื ืฉืง ื•ื›ื˜ื‘โ€œืžื™ื.
10:33
Every vote that we cast should be against weapons of mass destruction,
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ื›ืœ ื”ืฆื‘ืขื” ืฉืื ื• ืžืฆื‘ื™ืขื™ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื ื’ื“ ื ืฉืง ืœื”ืฉืžื“ื” ื”ืžื•ื ื™ืช,
10:38
against automation of war.
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ื ื’ื“ ืžืœื—ืžื” ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ืช.
10:40
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
10:43
And you can do something in your own community.
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ื•ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืฉื”ื• ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืฉืœื›ื.
10:46
Right now, there are literally millions of Afghans
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ื‘ืจื’ืข ื–ื”, ื™ืฉ ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ืืคื’ื ื™ื
10:49
who are brutally forced to leave their home.
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ืฉื ื›ืคื” ืขืœื™ื”ื ื‘ืื›ื–ืจื™ื•ืช ืœืขื–ื•ื‘ ืืช ื‘ื™ืชื.
10:52
Like them, there are Syrians, Iraqis, Burundians
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ื›ืžื•ื”ื, ื™ืฉื ื ืกื•ืจื™ื, ืขื™ืจืืงื™ื, ื‘ื•ืจื•ื ื“ื™ื™ื
10:58
who all have to deal with the fallout of war and displacement.
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ืฉื›ื•ืœื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ื”ื ืฉื•ืจืช ืฉืœ ืžืœื—ืžื” ื•ืขืงื™ืจื”.
11:04
And the antidote to their suffering lies in the kindness and connection
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ื•ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ืœืกื‘ืœื ื˜ืžื•ื ื” ื‘ื—ืกื“ ื•ื‘ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ
11:09
of the communities where they find themselves.
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ืฉืœ ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฉื‘ื”ื ืžืฆืื• ืืช ืขืฆืžื.
11:13
If they can feel safe there,
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ืื ื”ื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื—ื•ืฉ ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืฉื,
11:16
they can begin to heal
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ื”ื ื™ืชื—ื™ืœื• ืœื”ื—ืœื™ื
11:19
and start a new life.
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ื•ื™ืชื—ื™ืœื• ื—ื™ื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื.
11:21
It's sometimes hard for us to see
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ืœืคืขืžื™ื ืงืฉื” ืœื ื• ืœืจืื•ืช
11:23
that the answers to some of the most complicated problems in the world
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ืฉื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ืœื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื”ื›ื™ ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื
11:27
lie in the simplest of human actions.
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ื ืžืฆืื•ืช ื‘ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ื•ืช ื”ื›ื™ ืคืฉื•ื˜ื•ืช.
11:31
It may sound too easy
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ื–ื” ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœื”ื™ืฉืžืข ืงืœ ืžื“ื™
11:33
that a good neighbor can help to heal the wounds of war.
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ืฉืฉื›ืŸ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœืจืคื ืคืฆืขื™ ืžืœื—ืžื”.
11:38
But in my experience, this is true.
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ืื‘ืœ ืžื”ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื™, ื–ืืช ื”ืืžืช.
11:41
Before we landed in London, after months of hardship,
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ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื ื—ืชื ื• ื‘ืœื•ื ื“ื•ืŸ, ืื—ืจื™ ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืฉืœ ืงืฉื™ื™ื,
11:45
we stopped in a poor neighborhood of a town in Central Asia.
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ืขืฆืจื ื• ื‘ืฉื›ื•ื ื” ืขื ื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ ืขื™ืจ ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ืืกื™ื”.
11:50
I was forlorn, grief stricken
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžื™ื•ืืฉืช ื•ืžื•ื›ืช ืฆืขืจ
11:54
and not yet able to imagine a future without violence.
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ื•ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ืžืกื•ื’ืœืช ืœื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืขืชื™ื“ ืœืœื ืืœื™ืžื•ืช.
12:00
One day, a neighborhood teacher knocked on our door.
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ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“, ืžื•ืจื” ื‘ืฉื›ื•ื ื” ื“ืคืงื” ืืฆืœื ื• ื‘ื“ืœืช.
12:04
When we opened the door,
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ื›ืฉืคืชื—ื ื• ืืช ื”ื“ืœืช,
12:05
we saw a kindly middle-aged woman
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ืจืื™ื ื• ืื™ืฉื” ื—ื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื‘ื’ื™ืœ ื”ืขืžื™ื“ื”
12:08
carrying a box of pens, colored pencils,
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ืžื—ื–ื™ืงื” ืงื•ืคืกืช ืขื˜ื™ื, ื•ืฆื‘ืขื™ ืขืคืจื•ืŸ,
12:11
paper and children's books.
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ื ื™ื™ืจ ื•ืกืคืจื™ ื™ืœื“ื™ื.
12:14
She asked my parents if she could come in and spend time with us.
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ื”ื™ื ืฉืืœื” ืืช ื”ื•ืจื™ื™ ืื ื”ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืก ื•ืœื‘ืœื•ืช ื–ืžืŸ ืื™ืชื ื•.
12:18
They let her in, and from that day,
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ื”ื ื ืชื ื• ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืก, ื•ืžืื– ืื•ืชื• ื”ื™ื•ื,
12:20
she visited us most days after school.
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ื”ื™ื ื‘ื™ืงืจื” ืื•ืชื ื• ื‘ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ืื—ืจื™ ื‘ื™ืช ืกืคืจ.
12:24
When I told her that I desperately wanted to go to school,
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ื›ืฉืืžืจืชื™ ืœื” ืฉืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ื ื•ืืฉื•ืช ืœืœื›ืช ืœื‘ื™ืช ืกืคืจ,
12:26
she took me to her classroom,
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ื”ื™ื ืœืงื—ื” ืื•ืชื™ ืœื›ื™ืชื” ืฉืœื”,
12:29
where the girls had prepared gifts.
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ืฉื ื”ื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ื›ื™ื ื• ืžืชื ื•ืช.
12:32
They taught me how to sing a song.
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ื”ืŸ ืœื™ืžื“ื• ืื•ืชื™ ืื™ืš ืœืฉื™ืจ ืฉื™ืจ.
12:36
It wasn't long before we had to move on,
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ืœื ืขื‘ืจ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื–ืžืŸ ืขื“ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื”ืœืื”,
12:38
and once we left, I never saw her again.
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ื•ืžืื– ืฉืขื–ื‘ื ื•, ืœื ืจืื™ืชื™ ืื•ืชื” ืฉื•ื‘.
12:41
But what she did made me feel valued and safe.
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ืื‘ืœ ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื ืขืฉืชื” ื’ืจื ืœื™ ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ืžื•ืขืจื›ืช ื•ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื”.
12:47
The memory of that experience had left a blueprint
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ื”ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื•ื•ื™ื” ื”ื–ืืช ื”ืฉืื™ืจ ืจื™ืฉื•ื
12:51
of what it felt to inhabit my body,
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ืฉืœ ื”ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื’ื•ืคื™,
12:54
if only for a moment, without fear.
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ืืคื™ืœื• ืจืง ืœืจื’ืข ืื—ื“, ืœืœื ืคื—ื“.
12:58
A memory of joy and belonging.
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ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืฉืžื—ื” ื•ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช.
13:02
And to this day, when I feel the opposite,
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ื•ืขื“ ื”ื™ื•ื, ื›ืฉืื ื™ ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื” ืืช ื”ื”ื™ืคืš,
13:06
I can close my eyes and feel that connection.
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ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืขืฆื•ื ืืช ืขื™ื ื™ ื•ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื–ื”.
13:10
And it carries me through the dark days.
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ื•ื–ื” ืขื•ื–ืจ ืœื™ ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืืช ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื”ืืคืœื™ื.
13:13
Thank you.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื”.
13:14
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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