How we can help hungry kids, one text at a time | Su Kahumbu

36,966 views ・ 2018-03-01

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00:12
I want to introduce you to my badass friends.
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Meet Thelma and Louise.
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(Laughter)
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I'm passionate about cows.
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And although they've been getting a lot of crap lately
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due to methane emissions and climate change,
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I hope that I can redeem their reputation in part
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by showing you how incredibly important they are
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in solving one of the world's biggest problems: food security.
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But more importantly, for Africa --
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it's resultant childhood stunting.
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Nutritional stunting manifests itself
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in a reduction of growth rate in human development.
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And according to UNICEF,
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stunting doesn't come easy.
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It doesn't come quickly.
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It happens over a long period of time
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during which a child endures painful and debilitating cycles of illness,
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depressed appetite,
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insufficient nutrition
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and inadequate care.
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And most kids simply can't endure such rigors.
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But those that do survive,
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they carry forward long-term cognitive problems
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as well as losses of stature.
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The numbers of stunted children under the age of five,
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in most regions of the world,
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has been declining.
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And I really hate to say this,
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but the only place where they haven't been declining is here,
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in Africa.
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Here, 59 million children,
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three in 10 in that age group,
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struggle to meet their genetic potential --
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their full genetic potential.
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Protein is one of our most important dietary requirements,
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and evidence shows that lack of essential amino acids,
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the building blocks of proteins, in young children's diets,
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can result in stunting.
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Essential amino acids are called essential
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because we can't synthesize them in our bodies.
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We have to get them from our foods
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and the best sources are animal-derived:
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milk, meat and eggs.
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Most protein consumed on the African continent is crop-based.
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And although we have millions of smallholder farmers rearing animals,
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livestock production is not as easy as we think.
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The big livestock gaps between rich countries and poor countries
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are due to poor animal health.
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Endemic livestock diseases,
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some of them transmissible to humans,
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threaten not only livestock producers in those poor countries,
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but all human health across all countries.
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This is a global pathogens network.
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It shows the pathogens found across the world
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according to the Enhanced Infectious Diseases database.
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And it shows those pathogens that share hosts.
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In a nutshell,
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we share pathogens, and thus diseases,
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with the species we live closest to:
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our livestock.
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And we call these zoonotic diseases.
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Recent reports show
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that the deadly dozen zoonotic diseases kill 2.2 million people
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and sicken 2.4 billion people annually.
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And Jimmy says,
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"The greatest burden of zoonoses
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falls on one billion poor livestock keepers."
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We totally underestimate the importance of our smallholder farmers.
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We're beginning to recognize how important they are
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and how they influence our medical health,
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our biosafety
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and more recently, our cognitive and our physical health.
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They stand at the frontline of zoonotic epidemics.
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They pretty much underpin our existence.
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And they need to know so much,
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yet most lack knowledge
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on livestock disease prevention and treatment.
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So how do they learn?
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Apart from shared experiences,
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trial and error,
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conventional farming extension services are boots on the ground and radio --
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expensive and hard to scale in the face of population growth.
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Sounds pretty gloomy, doesn't it?
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But we're at an interesting point in Africa.
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We're changing that narrative using innovative solutions,
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riding across scalable technologies.
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Knowledge doesn't have to be expensive.
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My company developed an agricultural platform called iCow.
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We teach farmers best livestock practices using SMS
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over simple, low-end phones.
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Farmers receive three SMSs a week on best livestock practices,
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and those that execute the messages go on to see increases in productivity
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within as short a time as three months.
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The first increases in productivity, of course, are improved animal health.
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We use SMS because it is retentive.
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Farmers store their messages,
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they write them down in books,
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and in effect,
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we're drip-feeding agricultural manuals into the fields.
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We recognize that we are all part of the global food network:
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producers and consumers,
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you and me, and every farmer.
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We're focusing now on trying to bring together producers and consumers
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to take action and take responsibility for not only food security,
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but for food safety.
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This beautiful animal is an African-Asian Sahiwal crossed with a Dutch Fleckvieh.
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She's milkier than her Sahiwal mom,
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and she's sturdier and more resistant to disease than her Fleckvieh father.
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In Ethiopia and Tanzania,
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the African Dairy Genetic Gains program is using SMS and cutting-edge genomics
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and pioneering Africa's first tropically adapted dairy breeding centers
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and dairy performance recording centers.
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Farmers contribute their production data --
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milking records,
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breeding records and feeding records --
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to the ADGG platform.
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This stage is synthesized through algorithms
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from some of the top livestock institutions in the world
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before it lands back in the farmers' hands
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in actionable SMSs.
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Customized data,
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customized responses
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all aimed at increasing productivity
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based on the potential on the ground.
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We're at a very interesting place in agriculture in Africa.
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By the end of this year,
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we'll have almost one billion mobile phone subscriptions.
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We have the power in our hands
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to ensure that livestock production systems are not only healthy,
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productive and profitable,
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but that farmers are knowledgeable,
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and more importantly,
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that our farmers are safe.
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Working with smallholder farmers
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is one of the best ways to guarantee food security.
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Working with smallholder farmers is one of the best ways
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to guarantee each and every child their full opportunity
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and ability to reach their full genetic potential.
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And harnessing the power of millions of smallholder farmers
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and their badass cows like mine,
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we should be able to bring a halt to stunting in Africa.
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Thank you.
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(Applause)
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Thank you.
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