Greek mythology’s greatest warrior - Iseult Gillespie

744,568 views ・ 2024-10-08

TED-Ed


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譯者: Lilian Chiu 審譯者: Ruan Xiu Ze 阮修泽
00:07
Achilles was a demigod destined for greatness.
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阿基里斯是一個注定 成就非凡的半神半人。
00:11
He was born to a sea nymph and a king.
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他是海洋女神與國王生下的孩子。
00:14
And like the legendary Heracles before him,
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和比他更早的傳奇人物 海克力斯一樣,
00:17
he was trained by the centaur Chiron in hunting, music, and medicine.
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他也曾接受半人馬凱隆的訓練, 學習打獵、音樂,和醫學。
00:23
Meanwhile, his closest companion since boyhood was Patroclus,
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自幼起,他的摯友 就是帕特羅克洛斯,
00:27
a mortal with no divine parentage or lofty prophecies tied to his name.
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這位凡人沒有神祇血統,也沒有 和他的名字相關的崇高預言。
00:32
Despite these differences, the two loved one another unconditionally.
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儘管有這些差異存在, 他們還是無條件地愛著彼此。
00:38
But when Greece declared war on Troy,
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但當希臘對特洛伊宣戰時,
00:40
Achilles was called upon as a crucial weapon.
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阿基里斯被召喚去扮演關鍵的武器。
00:43
Helen, the wife of a Greek king,
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希臘國王的妻子海倫
00:45
had vanished to Troy with Paris, a Trojan prince.
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與特洛伊王子帕里斯 一起消失在特洛伊。
00:49
An army of Greeks assembled, determined to retrieve her.
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希臘人組成一支軍隊, 決心要把她找回來。
00:53
And as war loomed, the gods themselves took sides
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戰爭近在眼前,眾神也開始選邊站,
00:57
and argued over the mortals’ fates.
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並爭論凡人的命運會如何。
01:00
Achilles knew the war was written into his destiny.
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阿基里斯知道這場戰爭 是他逃不掉的命運。
01:04
And with horses born from the west wind and a spear wrought from a mountain peak,
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帶著一匹西風生的馬 和一支由山峰鑄造的長槍,
01:10
he readied himself.
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他做好了準備。
01:11
But he wouldn’t be alone: Patroclus was by his side.
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但他並不孤單: 身邊還有帕特羅克洛斯。
01:16
They sailed to Troy along with 1,186 ships and surged into battle.
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他們與一千一百八十六艘船 一起航向特洛伊, 衝入戰場。
01:23
The Trojans were led by the formidable Prince Hector,
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特洛伊人的領袖 是強大的赫克特王子,
01:26
brother of Paris and son of King Priam.
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他和帕里斯是兄弟, 同為普利安國王的兒子。
01:30
But they were no match for Achilles,
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但他們不敵阿基里斯,
01:33
who held the upper hand for the Greeks with his striking skill.
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阿基里斯驚人的戰技 讓希臘人佔盡上風。
01:37
Some said Achilles was invincible because his mother dipped him into the Styx;
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有人說阿基里斯之所以所向無敵
是因為他母親曾將他 浸入斯堤克斯河裡。
01:42
others said that she bathed him in ambrosia, the nectar of immortality.
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也有人說他母親曾用 象徵永生的神仙甘露為他洗澡。
01:47
Despite his talent, the war wore on for nine years
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儘管他才華洋溢, 戰爭仍持續了九年之久,
01:52
and internal conflicts crystallized.
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內部衝突漸漸明朗化。
01:55
Early on, Achilles took a woman named Briseis captive.
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早期,阿基里斯曾經抓了 一名叫做布里塞伊絲的女子。
01:59
But the Greek army’s leader, King Agamemnon,
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但希臘軍隊的領袖阿伽門農國王
02:02
had grown jealous of Achilles and seized Briseis for himself.
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越來越嫉妒阿基里斯, 因而把布里塞伊絲搶過去。
02:07
Incensed, Achilles went on strike and the situation became dire without him.
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憤怒的阿基里斯拒絕參戰,
少了他,情況變得十分危急。
02:14
Patroclus witnessed the carnage firsthand.
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帕特羅克洛斯親眼 目睹了這場大屠殺。
02:17
But still Achilles refused to fight.
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但阿基里斯仍不肯出戰。
02:20
Panicked at the sight of the Trojans entering the Greek encampment,
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因為看到特洛伊人進入 希臘營地而慌張起來的
02:24
Patroclus urged Achilles to lend him his armor.
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帕特羅克洛斯急忙 向阿基里斯借了戰甲。
02:28
The sight of Achilles alone, he argued, would drive the Trojans back.
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他認為,光是看到阿基里斯, 就足以讓特洛伊人打道回府。
02:33
Achilles agreed— provided Patroclus avoid the gates of Troy,
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阿基里斯同意了——條件是 帕特羅克洛斯要遠離特洛伊的城門,
02:37
from which the god Apollo protected the city.
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因為神祇阿波羅 在城門上保護該城市。
02:41
Suiting Patroclus in the armor, Achilles prayed for his safe return.
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阿基里斯幫帕特羅克洛斯穿上 戰甲,祈禱他能平安歸來。
02:46
Leading a swarm of Greeks,
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穿著偽裝的帕特羅克洛斯領導 一群希臘人把特洛伊人趕走。
02:47
the disguised Patroclus drove the Trojans away.
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02:51
And for a few precious moments he felt as untouchable as Achilles himself.
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在珍貴的短短幾刻間,他覺得 自己好像就是無敵的阿基里斯。
02:58
He hurtled towards Troy— until Apollo struck him down, knocking away his armor.
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他衝向特洛伊,
直到阿波羅把他擊倒, 擊飛了他的戰甲。
03:04
Hector seized the opportunity,
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赫克特抓住這個機會,
03:07
claiming Patroclus’ life— and Achilles’ armor.
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奪走了帕特羅克洛斯的生命—— 及阿基里斯的戰甲。
03:11
Overcome by guilt and grief,
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背著沉重的內疚感和悲傷,
03:14
Achilles vowed not to bury his beloved until he was avenged.
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阿基里斯發誓,在他完成 復仇之前不會埋葬他的愛人。
03:19
He threw himself into battle, leaving a trail of bodies in his wake.
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他投身戰鬥,所經之處屍橫遍野。
03:24
Soon, all Trojans had fled or perished—
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沒多久,特洛伊人 全都逃走或戰死了——
03:28
all but Hector, clad in the armor that had failed to protect Patroclus.
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唯一的例外是赫克特,
他穿著沒能保護 帕特羅克洛斯的戰甲。
03:34
Their spears clashed, but Achilles knew the armor's weak spot.
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他們的長槍激烈交鋒,
但阿基里斯知道那戰甲的弱點。
03:39
With a deadly strike, he took his revenge.
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他發動致命的一擊,完成了復仇。
03:43
And yet, his grief and fury weren’t satisfied.
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但,他的悲傷和憤怒沒有得到滿足。
03:47
Achilles seized Hector’s body.
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阿基里斯帶走了赫克特的屍體。
03:50
Denying him burial was a heinous offense, but nothing felt sacred anymore.
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不讓他被埋葬是種極惡的冒犯,
但已經沒什麼感覺是神聖的了。
03:56
He dragged the body behind his chariot, jeering at the Trojans all the while.
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他把屍體拖在他的戰車後面,
同時不斷嘲諷特洛伊人。
04:02
At night, the ghost of Patroclus appeared to Achilles,
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晚上,帕特羅克洛斯的鬼魂 出現在阿基里斯面前,
04:07
warning that his death was imminent
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警告他他的死亡將至,
04:09
and asking that their bones be laid to rest together.
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並請求將他們的骨頭放在一起。
04:13
Achilles agreed and tried to embrace him, but the apparition disappeared.
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阿基里斯同意了,並試圖擁抱他,
但亡靈卻消失了。
04:19
Meanwhile, Priam, the Trojan king, was also tormented by grief.
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與此同時,特洛伊國王 普利安也為悲傷所苦。
04:24
He finally resolved to go to Achilles and ask him for mercy.
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他終於下定決心去找 阿基里斯,求他寬恕。
04:29
He kissed the hands that killed his son and offered payment for Hector's body.
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他親吻了殺害他兒子的那雙手,
並提議買回赫克特的屍體。
04:36
Together, they wept and shared a meal.
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他們一起哭泣並共進了一餐。
04:39
Achilles returned Hector’s corpse, praying to Patroclus for forgiveness.
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阿基里斯歸還了赫克特的屍體,
向帕特羅克洛斯祈求原諒。
04:44
And with little left to lose, he returned to battle,
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已經沒剩什麼可以 失去的他,返回了戰場,
04:48
defeating even the most skilled warriors.
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連戰技最棒的戰士都被他擊敗了。
04:51
But, just as Patroclus had predicted, Achilles wouldn’t live long.
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但,如帕特羅克洛斯所預言,
阿基里斯沒多久可活了。
04:55
Paris struck his heel with an arrow that some say was guided by Apollo.
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帕里斯用箭射中他的腳跟,
有人說那支箭是阿波羅引導的。
05:01
The remains of Achilles and Patroclus were mingled for eternity.
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阿基里斯和帕特羅克洛斯的 遺骸永遠交融在一起。
05:06
And the Greeks went on to win the war.
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希臘人後來打贏了這場戰爭。
05:08
But, in the course of battle,
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但是,在過程中,雙方都失去了 當時最偉大的一些英雄。
05:10
each side lost some of the greatest heroes of their time—
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05:13
their zeal turning into heartbreak,
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即使他們的故事被打造為傳奇, 他們的熱情還是化成了心碎。
05:16
even as their stories hardened into legend.
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