How did Polynesian wayfinders navigate the Pacific Ocean? - Alan Tamayose and Shantell De Silva

1,985,600 views

2017-10-17 ใƒป TED-Ed


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How did Polynesian wayfinders navigate the Pacific Ocean? - Alan Tamayose and Shantell De Silva

1,985,600 views ใƒป 2017-10-17

TED-Ed


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Hyeona Seo ๊ฒ€ํ† : Won Jang
์ด ๊ฐ•์—ฐ์˜ ๊ฐ•์—ฐ์ž๋Š” ์ž‘์€ ์„ฌ์—์„œ ํฐ ์šด๋™์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ถ๊ธˆํ•˜์‹œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด ์—ํ”ผ์†Œ๋“œ๊ฐ€ ๋๋‚œ ํ›„ ๋จธ๋ฌด๋ฅด์„ธ์š”.
00:06
Imagine setting sail from Hawaii in a canoe.
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ํ•˜์™€์ด์—์„œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์นด๋ˆ„๋ฅผ ํƒ€๊ณ  ํ•ญํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
00:10
Your target is a small island thousands of kilometers away
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๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์ง€๋Š” ์ˆ˜์ฒœ ํ‚ฌ๋กœ๋ฏธํ„ฐ ๋–จ์–ด์ง„,
00:13
in the middle of the Pacific Ocean.
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ํƒœํ‰์–‘์˜ ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ž‘์€ ์„ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:16
That's a body of water that covers more than 160 million square kilometers,
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ํƒœํ‰์–‘์€ 1์–ต 6์ฒœ๋งŒ ์ œ๊ณฑํ‚ฌ๋กœ๋ฏธํ„ฐ ์ด์ƒ์„ ๋ฎ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฌผ๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ๊ณ 
00:21
greater than all the landmasses on Earth combined.
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์ง€๊ตฌ์ƒ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์œก์ง€๋“ค์„ ํ•ฉํ•œ ๊ฒƒ ๋ณด๋‹ค ํฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:26
For thousands of years,
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์ˆ˜์ฒœ ๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ,
00:27
Polynesian navigators managed voyages like this
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ํด๋ฆฌ๋„ค์‹œ์•„์˜ ํ•ญํ•ด์‚ฌ๋“ค์€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ•ญํ•ด๋“ค์„
00:30
without the help of modern navigational aids.
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ํ˜„๋Œ€์  ํ•ญํ•ด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์˜ ๋„์›€ ์—†์ด ํ•ด๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:34
Ancient Polynesians used the Sun,
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๊ณ ๋Œ€ ํด๋ฆฌ๋„ค์‹œ์•„์ธ๋“ค์€ ํƒœ์–‘์„ ๋น„๋กฏํ•˜์—ฌ
00:36
Moon,
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๋‹ฌ
00:37
stars,
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00:37
planets,
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๋ณ„
ํ–‰์„ฑ
00:38
ocean currents,
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ํ•ด๋ฅ˜
00:39
and clouds as guides that allowed them to see the ocean as a series of pathways
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ตฌ๋ฆ„๋งˆ์ €๋„ ๊ธธ์žก์ด๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ
๋•๋ถ„์— ๋„“์€ ๋ง๋ง๋Œ€ํ•ด ์†์—์„œ๋„ ๊ธธ๋“ค์„ ์ฐพ์•„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:45
rather than an obstacle.
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00:48
Their voyages began around 1500 B.C.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ํ•ญํ•ด๋Š” ๊ธฐ์›์ „ 1500๋…„๊ฒฝ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜๋Š”๋ฐ
00:52
when the people who would settle Polynesia first set sail from Southeast Asia.
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๋™๋‚จ์•„์‹œ์•„์— ์žˆ๋˜ ์ด๋“ค์€ ์ฒ˜์Œ์œผ๋กœ ํด๋ฆฌ๋„ค์‹œ์•„๋กœ์˜ ํ•ญํ•ด๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:57
Early Polynesians eventually settled a vast area of islands
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์ดˆ๊ธฐ ํด๋ฆฌ๋„ค์‹œ์•„์ธ๋“ค์€ ๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด 4์ฒœ๋งŒ ์ œ๊ณฑํ‚ฌ๋กœ๋ฏธํ„ฐ์— ํŽผ์ณ์ง„
01:01
spread over 40 million square kilometers of the Pacific Ocean.
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ํƒœํ‰์–‘์˜ ๋ฐฉ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ์„ฌ๋“ค์— ์ •์ฐฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:06
Some historians believe the voyagers moved from place to place
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๋ช‡๋ช‡ ์—ญ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ์ด๋“ค์ด ์ด๊ณณ์ €๊ณณ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ฎ๊ฒจ ๋‹ค๋‹Œ ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€
01:10
to avoid overpopulation.
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์ธ๊ตฌ๊ณผ์ž‰์„ ํ”ผํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉฐ
01:11
Others, that they were driven by war.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ด๋“ค์€ ์ „์Ÿ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:14
Voyages became less frequent by around 1300 A.D.
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ํ•ญํ•ด๋Š” ๊ธฐ์›ํ›„ 1300๋…„ ์ฆˆ์Œ์ด ๋˜์ž ์žฆ์•„๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:18
as Polynesian societies became more rooted in specific locations.
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์ด ๋•Œ ์ฆˆ์Œ ํด๋ฆฌ๋„ค์‹œ์•„์˜ ๊ณต๋™์ฒด๋“ค์€ ํ•œ ์ง€์—ญ์— ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์žก๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์ง€์š”.
01:24
During the voyaging period,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ํ•ญํ•ด๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋˜ ์‹œ๊ธฐ์—
01:25
successful journeys depended on a number of factors:
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์„ฑ๊ณตํ•œ ์—ฌ์ •๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์š”์†Œ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:29
well-built canoes,
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์ž˜ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง„ ์นด๋ˆ„๋“ค
01:30
the skill of navigators,
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ํ•ญํ•ด์ž๋“ค์˜ ๊ธฐ์ˆ 
01:32
and weather being some of the biggest.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌด์—‡๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‚ ์”จ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ–ˆ์ง€์š”.
01:35
Voyages relied on sturdy wa'a kaulua, or double-hulled canoes,
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ํ•ญํ•ด์ž๋“ค์€ ๋ฐ”์นผ๋ฃจ์•„๋ผ ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํŠผํŠผํ•œ ์ด์ค‘์„ ์ฒด ์นด๋ˆ„๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:39
which were powered by sails and steered with a single large oar.
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๋›์„ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€๊ณ , ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ํฐ ๋…ธ๋กœ ์กฐ์ข…๋˜๋Š” ์นด๋ˆ„์˜€์ง€์š”.
01:44
Canoe building involved the whole community,
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์นด๋ˆ„๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ „์ฒด ๊ณต๋™์ฒด๊ฐ€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
01:47
bringing together the navigators,
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ํ•ญํ•ด์ž๋“ค๊ณผ
01:48
canoe builders,
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์นด๋ˆ„ ๊ฑด์ถ•๊ฐ€๋“ค
01:49
priests,
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์„ฑ์ง์ž๋“ค
01:50
chanters,
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๋…ธ๋ž˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค
01:51
and hula dancers.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ›Œ๋ผ ๋Œ„์„œ๋“ค๊นŒ์ง€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:53
Navigators were keen observers of the natural world.
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๊ทธ๋•Œ ๋‹น์‹œ์˜ ํ•ญํ•ด์ž๋“ค์€ ์ฃผ๋ณ€ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์„ ๋ฉด๋ฐ€ํžˆ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:57
They were abundantly familiar with trade wind-generated ocean swells,
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์ด๋“ค์€ ๋ฌด์—ญํ’์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง€๋Š” ํ•ด๋ฅ˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งค์šฐ ์ž˜ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:01
which typically flow northeast or southeast.
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์ด ํ•ด๋ฅ˜๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ๋™์ชฝ์—์„œ ๋‚จ๋™์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ํ๋ฅด์ง€์š”.
02:05
By day, navigators could identify direction
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๋‚ฎ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ์—๋Š” ์ด ํ•ด๋ฅ˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐฐ๊ฐ€ ํ”๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ๋ณด๊ณ 
02:07
by the rocking motion of their canoes caused by these swells.
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๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ ํŒŒ์•… ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:11
But sunrise and sunset were even more useful.
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์ผ์ถœ๊ณผ ์ผ๋ชฐ์€ ์ด๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ์œ ์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:15
The Sun's position indicated east and west
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ํƒœ์–‘์˜ ์œ„์น˜๋Š” ๋™์ชฝ๊ณผ ์„œ์ชฝ์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌ์ผฐ๊ณ 
02:18
and created low light on the ocean that made it possible to see swells directly.
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๋ฐ”๋‹ค ์œ„์— ๋น„์น˜๋Š” ํƒœ์–‘ ๋น› ๋•๋ถ„์— ํ•ด๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ง์ ‘ ๊ด€์ฐฐ ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:24
At night, navigators used something called a star compass,
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ํ•ญํ•ด์ž๋“ค์€ ๋ฐค์ด ๋˜๋ฉด ๋ณ„ ๋‚˜์นจ๋ฐ˜์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:28
which wasn't a physical object, but rather a sort of mental map.
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์ด๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋Š” ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ ๋‚˜์นจ๋ฐ˜์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ์ผ์ข…์˜ ๋จธ๋ฆฟ์†์˜ ์ง€๋„ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:33
They memorized the rising and setting points of stars and constellations
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ผ ๋…„ ์ค‘ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‹œ๊ธฐ์— ๋ณ„๊ณผ ๋ณ„์ž๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋œจ๊ณ  ์ง€๋Š” ๊ณณ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:37
at different times of the year.
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02:40
They used those to divide the sky into four quadrants,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ํ•˜๋Š˜์„ ๋„ค ๊ฐœ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ถ„๋ฉด์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ด์šฉํ–ˆ๊ณ 
02:43
subdivided into 32 houses,
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์ด๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์‹œ 32๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ตฌํš์œผ๋กœ ์„ธ๋ถ„ํ™”ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ
02:46
with the canoe in the middle.
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์นด๋ˆ„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ์— ๋‘์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:48
So, for example, when they saw the star Piraโ€˜atea rising from the ocean,
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ํ“จ๋ผ์•„ํ…Œ์•„๋ผ๋Š” ๋ณ„์ด ๋ฐ”๋‹ค ์œ„๋กœ ๋– ์˜ค๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์•˜์„ ๋•Œ
02:53
they knew that to be northeast.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๊ณณ์ด ๋ถ๋™์ชฝ์ž„์„ ์•Œ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:55
They had some other tricks, too.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์š”๋ น๋„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:57
The Earth's axis points towards Hokupa'a, or the North Star,
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์ง€๊ตฌ ์ž์ „์ถ•์˜ ๋์€ ํ˜ธ์ฟ ํŒŒ์•„ ์ฆ‰, ๋ถ๊ทน์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌํ‚ค๋Š”๋ฐ
03:02
so called because it's the one fixed point in the sky as the Earth rotates
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๋ถ๊ทน์„ฑ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ด๋ฆ„์€ ์ด ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ์ž์ „ํ•˜๋Š” ์ง€๊ตฌ์˜ ํ•˜๋Š˜์—์„œ ๊ณ ์ •๋œ ์ ์ด๊ณ 
03:07
and always indicates north.
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ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋ถ์ชฝ์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌํ‚ค๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:09
However, it's not visible south of the Equator,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜, ๋ถ๊ทน์„ฑ์€ ๋‚จ๋ฐ˜๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š”๋ฐ
03:12
so navigators there could use a constellation called Newe,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚จ๋ฐ˜๊ตฌ์˜ ํ•ญํ•ด์ž๋“ค์€
๋‚จ์‹ญ์ž์„ฑ์œผ๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋„ค๋ฒ ๋ผ๋Š” ๋ณ„์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:15
or the Southern Cross,
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03:17
and some mental tricks to estimate where south is.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ์„ ๋”ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‚จ์ชฝ์„ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:21
For instance, draw a line through these two stars,
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ด ๋‘ ๋ณ„๋“ค์„ ํ†ต๊ณผํ•˜๋Š” ํ•œ ์„ ์„ ๊ธ‹๊ณ ,
03:24
extend it 4.5 times,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ 4.5๋ฐฐ ๋Š˜๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:26
and draw another line from there to the horizon.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ์ˆ˜ํ‰์„ ์„ ํ–ฅํ•œ ์„ ์„ ๊ธ‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:29
That's south.
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๊ทธ๊ณณ์ด ๋‚จ์ชฝ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:31
But the sky also contains navigational aids much closer to Earth,
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ํ•˜๋Š˜์—๋Š” ๋ณ„๋“ค ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ง€๊ตฌ์— ํ›จ์”ฌ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ์ง€ํ‘œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:36
the clouds.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ฆ„์ด์ง€์š”.
03:38
Besides being useful weather cues,
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๊ตฌ๋ฆ„์€ ๋‚ ์”จ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ๋‹จ์„œ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
03:40
under the right conditions, they can indicate landmasses.
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์กฐ๊ฑด์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ตฌ๋ฆ„์€ ์œก์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:43
For instance, the lagoons of Pacific atolls
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ํƒœํ‰์–‘ ํ™˜์ดˆ์˜ ์„ํ˜ธ๋“ค์€
03:47
can actually be seen reflected on the underside of clouds,
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ฆ„์˜ ๋ฐ‘๋ฉด์— ๋ฐ˜์‚ฌ๋˜์–ด ๋ณด์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:51
if you know what to look for.
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๋ฌด์–ผ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€์ง€ ์•Œ๊ธฐ๋งŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋˜์ง€์š”.
03:53
And high masses of clouds can indicate mountainous islands.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋†’์€ ๊ตฌ๋ฆ„์˜ ๋ฉ์–ด๋ฆฌ๋“ค์€ ์‚ฐ์ด ๋งŽ์€ ์œก์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:58
Once navigators neared their destination, other clues,
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์ผ๋‹จ ํ•ญํ•ด์ž๋“ค์ด ๋ชฉ์ ์ง€์— ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์›Œ์ง€๋ฉด
04:01
such as the flight patterns of birds,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์ƒˆ๋“ค์˜ ๋น„ํ–‰ ํŒจํ„ด์ด๋‚˜,
04:04
floating debris or vegetation,
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๋– ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋Š” ์“ฐ๋ ˆ๊ธฐ๋‚˜ ํ˜น์€ ์‹๋ฌผ๋“ค
04:06
and types of fish in the area helped determine the proximity of land.
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ํ˜น์€ ๊ทธ ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹จ์„œ๋“ค์ด ์œก์ง€๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์›€์„ ์•Œ๋ ค์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:11
For example, the Manu-O-Ku had a known flight range of 190 kilometers,
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋งˆ๋ˆ„์˜ค์ฟ ๋ผ๋Š” ์ƒˆ์˜ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 190ํ‚ฌ๋กœ๋ฏธํ„ฐ๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:16
and could be followed back to shore.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ์ƒˆ๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ•ด์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€์š”.
04:19
So how do we know all of this?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‹ค ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
04:22
Partially through evidence in petroglyphs,
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์•”๋ฉด์กฐ๊ฐ์˜ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋“ค์ด๋‚˜
04:24
written observations of European explorers,
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์œ ๋Ÿฝ ํƒํ—˜๊ฐ€๋“ค์— ์˜ํ•ด ์“ฐ์ธ ๊ด€์ฐฐ๋ก๋“ค
04:27
and Polynesian oral traditions.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํด๋ฆฌ๋„ค์‹œ์•„์ธ๋“ค์˜ ๊ตฌ์ „์„ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:30
But also by trying them out for ourselves.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์ง์ ‘ ์‹œ๋„ํ•ด ๋ณธ์ ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:33
In 2017, a voyaging canoe called Hokulea
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2017๋…„์— ํ•ญํ•ด์šฉ ์นด๋ˆ„์ธ ํ˜ธ์ฟจ๋ ˆ์•„๋Š”
04:37
completed a worldwide voyage using only these techniques.
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋“ค๋งŒ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ํ•ญํ•ด๋ฅผ ์™„๋ฃŒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:42
If that seems remarkable, remember the ancient Polynesians,
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์ด๊ฒƒ๋„ ์ •๋ง ๋Œ€๋‹จํ•œ ์ผ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๊ณ ๋Œ€์˜ ํด๋ฆฌ๋„ค์‹œ์•„์ธ๋“ค์€
04:46
who through close study and kinship with nature,
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์ž์—ฐ์„ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์ดํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฉด๋ฐ€ํžˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜์—ฌ
04:48
were able to forge these paths across
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋“ค์„ ๊ณ ์•ˆํ•ด ๋‚ด์—ˆ๊ณ 
04:51
an unfathomably vast, vibrant living ocean.
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๋์—†์ด ํŽผ์ณ์ง„ ๋ง๋ง๋Œ€ํ•ด๋ฅผ ๊ฑด๋„ˆ๊ฐ”๋‹ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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