The Nazis recruited to win the Cold War - Brian Crim

555,098 views ใƒป 2024-04-16

TED-Ed


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Yeseul Kang ๊ฒ€ํ† : DK Kim
00:06
In May of 1945, the Third Reich was in chaos.
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1945๋…„ 5์›”, ์ œ3 ์ œ๊ตญ์€ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์— ๋น ์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:12
Adolf Hitler was dead, German surrender was imminent,
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์•„๋Œํ”„ ํžˆํ‹€๋Ÿฌ๋Š” ์ฃฝ์—ˆ๊ณ , ๋…์ผ์˜ ํ•ญ๋ณต์ด ์ž„๋ฐ•ํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ,
00:16
and Allied troops had already begun divvying up German territory.
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์—ฐํ•ฉ๊ตฐ์€ ์ด๋ฏธ ๋…์ผ ์˜ํ† ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„ํ• ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:22
But high-ranking Nazi engineer Wernher von Braun wasnโ€™t worried.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‚˜์น˜์˜ ๊ณ ์œ„ ๊ณตํ•™์ž์ธ ํฐ ๋ธŒ๋ผ์šด์€ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:28
In fact, he approached the US government directlyโ€”
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์‚ฌ์‹ค, ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ •๋ถ€์— ์ง์ ‘ ์—ฐ๋ฝํ•ด
00:32
informing them of his location and waiting calmly for their arrival.
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์ž์‹ ์˜ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ์•Œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์นจ์ฐฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋„์ฐฉํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:37
As the brain behind the worldโ€™s first long-range ballistic missile,
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์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ์ดˆ ์žฅ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ ํƒ„๋„ ๋ฏธ์‚ฌ์ผ์˜ ๋‘๋‡Œ๋กœ์„œ
00:42
von Braun knew his expertise made him a highly valuable military asset.
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์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ „๋ฌธ ์ง€์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด
๋งค์šฐ ๊ท€์ค‘ํ•œ ๊ตฐ์‚ฌ ์ž์‚ฐ์ด ๋  ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
00:48
And sure enough, his so-called captors gave him a decidedly warm welcome.
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ํ™•์‹คํžˆ, ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ํฌ๋กœ๋กœ ์žก์€ ์ด๋ฅธ๋ฐ” ํฌํš์ž๋“ค์€
๊ทธ๋ฅผ ์ง„์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ด ์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:55
Von Braun wasn't the only Nazi scientist receiving this treatment.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋Œ€์šฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์€ ๋‚˜์น˜ ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋Š” ํฐ ๋ธŒ๋ผ์šด๋งŒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:01
While World War II was almost over, a new war was brewing.
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์ œ2์ฐจ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๋Œ€์ „์ด ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋๋‚˜๊ฐˆ ๋ฌด๋ ต, ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ „์Ÿ์ด ๋ฒŒ์–ด์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:06
And the US was eager to recruit the smartest minds in Germany
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์€ ๋…์ผ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•œ ์ธ์žฌ๋ฅผ
์†Œ๋ จ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋จผ์ € ์˜์ž…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์—ด์‹ฌ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:11
before the Soviets got the chance.
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01:14
This became known as Operation Paperclipโ€”
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ โ€˜์ข…์ด ํด๋ฆฝ ์ž‘์ „โ€™์œผ๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:17
a clandestine campaign that brought over 1,500 German scientists to the US
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1,500๋ช…์ด ๋„˜๋Š” ๋…์ผ ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์„ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ๋ ค์˜จ ๋น„๋ฐ€ ๊ตฐ์‚ฌ ์ž‘์ „์œผ๋กœ
01:24
between 1945 and 1962.
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1945๋…„์—์„œ 1962๋…„ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:28
The program was named for the paperclips attached to the files of early recruitsโ€”
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์ด ์ด๋ฆ„์€ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ ์ž‘์ „ ์„œ๋ฅ˜์— ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฐ ์ข…์ด ํด๋ฆฝ์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ๋”ด ๊ฒƒ์ธ๋ฐ,
01:33
indicating that incriminating information like Nazi affiliations
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์ด๋Š” ๋‚˜์น˜์— ๋ถ€์—ญํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‚˜ ์ „์Ÿ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„ ํ˜์˜์™€ ๊ฐ™์€
01:38
or suspected war crimes could be disregarded.
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๊ผฌํˆฌ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žกํž ๋งŒํ•œ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋Š” ๋ฌต์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:42
Von Braun, for example, had overseen an SS project
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ํฐ ๋ธŒ๋ผ์šด์€ ์ง‘๋‹จ ์ˆ˜์šฉ์†Œ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ์ž๋“ค ์ˆ˜์ฒœ ๋ช…์„
01:47
that relied on forced labor from thousands of concentration camp prisoners.
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๊ฐ•์ œ ๋…ธ๋™์— ๋™์›ํ–ˆ๋˜ SS ์ž‘์ „์„ ๊ฐ๋…ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:53
While von Braun approached the US directly,
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ํฐ ๋ธŒ๋ผ์šด์€ ์ง์ ‘ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ๊ณผ ์ ‘์ด‰ํ•œ ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด์—
01:56
other scientists had to be identified and located.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ์ผ์ผ์ด ์‹ ์›์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ  ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:00
One important asset in this effort
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ž๋ฃŒ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”
02:03
was a Nazi-compiled list of Germanyโ€™s top scientists,
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๋‚˜์น˜๊ฐ€ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•œ ๋…์ผ ์ตœ๊ณ  ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์˜ ๋ช…๋‹จ์ด์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
02:07
which someone had unsuccessfully tried to dispose of by flushing down a toilet.
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ์ด ๋ช…๋‹จ์„ ๋ณ€๊ธฐ์— ๋„ฃ์–ด ์—†์• ๋ ค ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์‹คํŒจํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:13
But the US was just one player in this scramble.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์€ ์ด ์Ÿํƒˆ์ „์— ์ฐธ๊ฐ€ํ•œ ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ์„ธ๋ ฅ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์— ๋ถˆ๊ณผํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:16
The Soviets were also competing to seize German brainpower,
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์†Œ๋ จ ๋˜ํ•œ ๋…์ผ์˜ ๋‘๋‡Œ๋ฅผ ์žฅ์•…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ฒฝ์Ÿํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:20
resorting to bribery and forced relocation.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‡Œ๋ฌผ๊ณผ ๊ฐ•์ œ ์ด์ฃผ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ–ˆ์ฃ .
02:25
The French and British lacked the money to lure the best German brains,
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ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค์™€ ์˜๊ตญ์€ ๋…์ผ ์ตœ๊ณ  ๋‘๋‡Œ๋“ค์„ ๊พ€์–ด๋‚ผ ๋ˆ์€ ์—†์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
02:30
but that didn't stop them from kidnapping the occasional scientist.
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๊ทธ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ํ‰๋ฒ”ํ•œ ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์„ ๋‚ฉ์น˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๋ง‰์ง„ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:35
They also stole patents and dismantled factories to learn what they could.
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ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค์™€ ์˜๊ตญ์€ ํŠนํ—ˆ๋ฅผ ํ›”์น˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ–ˆ๊ณ ,
๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ์•„ ๋ณด๋ ค๊ณ  ๊ณต์žฅ์„ ํ•ด์ฒดํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:41
The US approach, however, featured a different and particularly tempting
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ์ ‘๊ทผ ๋ฐฉ์‹์—๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ, ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ์œ ํ˜น์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:46
brand of coercion:
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02:48
the promise to relocate entire German families and grant them citizenship.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋…์ผ ๊ฐ€์กฑ ์ „์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ด์ฃผ์‹œ์ผœ ์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ถŒ์„ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค๋Š” ์•ฝ์†์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:55
This controversial offer was one of the reasons
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๋…ผ๋ž€์˜ ์—ฌ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด ์ œ์•ˆ์€
02:58
Paperclip was initially shrouded in secrecy.
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์ฒ˜์Œ์— ์ข…์ด ํด๋ฆฝ ์ž‘์ „์„ ๋น„๋ฐ€์— ๋ถ€์นœ ์ด์œ  ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:02
But the project became difficult to hide when Germans started popping up
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋…์ผ์ธ๋“ค์ด ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ „์—ญ์— ๋ชฐ๋ ค๋“ค๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
์ด ์ž‘์ „์„ ์ˆจ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋ ค์›Œ์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:08
all over the US.
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03:10
The military tried to get ahead of any controversy
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๊ตฐ๋ถ€๋Š” ๋…ผ๋ž€์„ ๋ฏธ๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฉ์ง€ํ•ด ๋ณด๋ ค๊ณ 
03:13
by revealing the operation to the press in late 1946.
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1946๋…„ ๋ง์— ์ด ์ž‘์ „์„ ์–ธ๋ก ์— ๊ณต๊ฐœํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:18
But the news immediately attracted criticism from many prominent voices,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ด ์†Œ์‹์€ ๊ณง๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋งŽ์€ ์œ ๋ช… ์ธ์‚ฌ๋“ค์˜ ๋น„ํŒ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:24
including Albert Einstein, Eleanor Roosevelt, and the NAACP,
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์•Œ๋ฒ„ํŠธ ์•„์ธ์Šˆํƒ€์ธ์ด๋‚˜ ์—˜๋ ˆ๋…ธ์–ด ๋ฃจ์Šค๋ฒจํŠธ ๋“ฑ์ด ์ด๋ฅผ ๋น„๋‚œํ–ˆ์ฃ .
NAACP๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์ฐธ์ „ ์šฉ์‚ฌ ๋‹จ์ฒด๋“ค๋„ ๋น„ํŒ์— ๊ฐ€์„ธํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:30
as well as many veteranโ€™s organizations.
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03:34
These parties opposed granting German scientists citizenship
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์ด๋“ค์€ ๋…์ผ ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ถŒ์„ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:39
while millions of displaced persons, including survivors of Nazi atrocities,
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๋‚˜์น˜์˜ ์ž”ํ•™ ํ–‰์œ„ ์ƒ์กด์ž ๋“ฑ ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ์‹คํ–ฅ๋ฏผ๋“ค์€
03:45
had no chance of coming to America.
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์— ์˜ฌ ๊ธฐํšŒ์กฐ์ฐจ ์—†์—ˆ๋˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:48
Most Americans were also against employing former Nazis
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๋˜ํ•œ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ๋“ค์€ ์ „ ๋‚˜์น˜ ๋‹น์›๋“ค์„
03:52
in sensitive national security positions.
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๋ฏผ๊ฐํ•œ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ์•ˆ๋ณด ์ง์ฑ…์— ๊ณ ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:56
But as the Cold War ramped up,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ƒ‰์ „์ด ๊ฒฉํ™”๋˜์ž
03:59
the military argument for keeping these scientists out of Soviet hands
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์ด ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด ์†Œ๋ จ์˜ ์†์— ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€๋ฉด ์•ˆ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ตฐ์‚ฌ์  ์ฃผ์žฅ์ด
04:03
overpowered popular objections.
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๋Œ€์ค‘์˜ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋ฅผ ์••๋„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:07
With his Nazi past largely hidden from the public,
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋‚˜์น˜ ๊ฒฝ๋ ฅ์ด ๋Œ€์ค‘์— ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ
04:11
von Braun became one of the USโ€™s most important engineers
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ํฐ ๋ธŒ๋ผ์šด์€ ์šฐ์ฃผ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์ด ํ•œ์ฐฝ์ผ ๋•Œ
04:15
at the height of the Space Race.
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ ์•„์ฃผ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ณตํ•™์ž ์ค‘ ํ•œ ๋ช…์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:18
In 1958, his team responded to the Soviet launch of Sputnik
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1958๋…„, ๊ทธ์˜ ํŒ€์€ ์†Œ๋ จ ์Šคํ‘ธํŠธ๋‹ˆํฌ ๋ฐœ์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€์‘ํ•ด์„œ
04:23
with the USโ€™s own successful satellite launch.
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ์ž์ฒด ์œ„์„ฑ ๋ฐœ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์„ฑ๊ณตํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:27
And in the 60s, he was the chief architect of Saturn V,
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ํฐ ๋ธŒ๋ผ์šด์€ 60๋…„๋Œ€์— ์ƒˆํ„ด V์˜ ์ˆ˜์„ ์„ค๊ณ„์ž์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:33
the rocket that brought Americans to the moon.
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ์„ ๋‹ฌ๋กœ ๋ฐ๋ ค๊ฐ„ ๋กœ์ผ“์ด์ฃ .
04:36
Other Paperclip recruits contributed to the development of chemical weapons
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์ข…์ด ํด๋ฆฝ ์ž‘์ „์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ๋ ค์˜จ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋„
์—์ด์ „ํŠธ ์˜ค๋ Œ์ง€ ๊ฐ™์€ ํ™”ํ•™ ๋ฌด๊ธฐ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ,
04:41
such as Agent Orange, pharmaceutical research,
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์‹ ์•ฝ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋‚˜ ํ˜„๋Œ€์‹ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์— ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:45
and the development of modern airplanes.
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04:48
These contributions helped the US government present Paperclip as a success.
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์ด๋“ค์˜ ๊ธฐ์—ฌ ๋•๋ถ„์— ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ •๋ถ€๋Š”
์ข…์ด ํด๋ฆฝ ์ž‘์ „์ด ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์„ ์ „ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:54
But, in hindsight, itโ€™s hard to gauge how helpful the program really was.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋Œ์ด์ผœ๋ณด๋ฉด ์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ด
์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๊ฐ€๋Š ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋Š” ์–ด๋ ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:01
While von Braun saved the US years of rocketry experimentation,
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ๋กœ์ผ“ ์‹คํ—˜์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ช‡ ๋…„ ์ค„์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ธด ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
05:06
there's no reason to think American scientists couldn't have developed
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ํฐ ๋ธŒ๋ผ์šด์ด ์—†์œผ๋ฉด ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด
๊ฐ™์€ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ด์œ ๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:09
the same technology without him.
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05:12
Furthermore, very few Paperclippers were as exceptional as von Braun.
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๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ํฐ ๋ธŒ๋ผ์šด๋งŒํผ ๋›ฐ์–ด๋‚œ ์ข…์ด ํด๋ฆฝ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:19
Many were average scientists who either completed their contracts
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์ด๋“ค ์ค‘ ๋‹ค์ˆ˜๋Š” ํ‰๋ฒ”ํ•œ ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋กœ์„œ
๊ณ„์•ฝ์ด ๋๋‚˜๊ณ  ๋…์ผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
05:24
and returned to Germany,
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05:26
or took jobs alongside Americans with equivalent expertise.
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๋™๋“ฑํ•œ ์ „๋ฌธ ์ง€์‹์„ ๊ฐ–์ถ˜ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ๊ณผ ๋น„์Šทํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ทจ์งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:31
But ultimately, the issue of Paperclipโ€™s success
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ถ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ข…์ด ํด๋ฆฝ ์ž‘์ „์˜ ์„ฑ๊ณต ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š”
05:34
is just one of many questions raised by its contentious approach
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๊ณผํ•™, ์œค๋ฆฌ ๋ฐ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ์•ˆ๋ณด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋…ผ์Ÿ์ ์ธ ์ ‘๊ทผ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ œ๊ธฐ๋˜๋Š”
05:39
to science, ethics, and national security.
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๋งŽ์€ ๋ฌธ์ œ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:43
Can scientists working on military technology be apolitical,
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๊ตฐ์‚ฌ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด ์ •์น˜์— ์ดˆ์—ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
05:48
or are they responsible for their creations?
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๋˜๋Š” ์ž์‹ ๋“ค์˜ ์ฐฝ์กฐ๋ฌผ์— ์ฑ…์ž„์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
05:51
Can pressing political and military concerns justify overlooking war crimes?
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์ •์น˜์ , ๊ตฐ์‚ฌ์  ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
์ „์Ÿ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„๋ฅผ ๋ฌต์ธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์ •๋‹นํ™”ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
05:58
In many ways, von Braunโ€™s obituary sums up the operationโ€™s murkiness:
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ฉด์—์„œ ํฐ ๋ธŒ๋ผ์šด์˜ ๋ถ€๊ณ ๋Š” ์ด ์ž‘์ „์˜ ๋ชจํ˜ธํ•จ์„ ์ž˜ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:04
โ€œA kind of Faustian shadow may be discerned in [...] the fascinating career
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โ€œ๋ฒ ๋ฅด๋„ˆ ํฐ ๋ธŒ๋ผ์šด์˜ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ๊ฒฝ๋ ฅ์—์„œ
์ผ์ข…์˜ ํŒŒ์šฐ์ŠคํŠธ์‹ ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜์˜ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์ž๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:11
of Wernher von Braun:
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06:14
a man so possessed of [...] intellectual hunger,
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ง€์  ๊ตถ์ฃผ๋ฆผ์— ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์‚ฌ๋กœ์žกํ˜€ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ
06:18
that any accommodation may be justified.โ€
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์–ด๋–ค ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋„ ์ •๋‹นํ™”ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ€
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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