Nouns Adjectives Adverbs | Parts of Speech | Learn Basic English Grammar Course | 15 Lessons

1,280,971 views

2020-10-08 ใƒป Shaw English Online


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Nouns Adjectives Adverbs | Parts of Speech | Learn Basic English Grammar Course | 15 Lessons

1,280,971 views ใƒป 2020-10-08

Shaw English Online


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:15
Hello, everybody. Welcome to this English course.ย 
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๋ชจ๋‘๋“ค ์•ˆ๋…•. ์ด ์˜์–ด ์ฝ”์Šค์— ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:18
In today's video, I'm goingย  to tell you about nouns.ย 
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์˜์ƒ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:22
Because in English, nouns are very important. They are the basic element of a sentence.ย 
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์˜์–ด์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ์š”์†Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:28
So if you want to speak English, you need to know about theย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด
00:32
different kinds of nouns. And I'm going to try and teachย ย 
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๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ตœ์„ ์„ ๋‹คํ•ด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์„
00:36
you as well as I can. Let's get started!ย 
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๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์ž!
00:43
Ok, so let's start with concrete nouns. Now in English, concrete nounsย ย 
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š”
00:50
are people places or things, including animals.ย 
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๋™๋ฌผ์„ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์žฅ์†Œ๋‚˜ ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:56
That you can see, that you can smell, or taste, or hear, or touch.ย 
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๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ , ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๋ฅผ ๋งก์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ , ๋ง›๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ , ๋“ฃ๊ณ , ๋งŒ์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:04
So you can basically use your five senses. Let me give you a few examples.ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ค๊ฐ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:11
If we talk about people,ย 
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
01:13
you could say, a man or a teacher,ย 
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๋‚จ์ž, ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜,
01:18
or me, Fanny. Or Mr. Smith.ย 
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๋‚˜ ํŒจ๋‹ˆ ๋“ฑ์„ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์Šค๋ฏธ์Šค ์”จ.
01:23
If we talk about places, you could say,ย 
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์žฅ์†Œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋ฉด
01:26
a house, a school. You could name a city like London.ย 
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์ง‘, ํ•™๊ต ๋“ฑ์„ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Ÿฐ๋˜๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋„์‹œ์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ์ง€์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:33
Very nice city. Or a beach.ย 
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์•„์ฃผ ์ข‹์€ ๋„์‹œ. ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ํ•ด๋ณ€.
01:36
And if you talk about things, you could say a shoe,ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์‹ ๋ฐœ, ๋งˆ์ปค, ๊ฐœ
01:40
you could say a marker, you could talk about a dogย 
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๋˜๋Š” ํ”ผ์ž ๊ฐ™์€ ์Œ์‹ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:45
or food like a pizza. These are concrete nouns....ok.ย 
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. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค....์•Œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:53
Now let's move on to abstract nouns. So abstract nouns, unlike concrete nouns,ย 
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์ด์ œ ์ถ”์ƒ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ถ”์ƒ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์™€ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ
02:02
are ideas, concepts, emotions. And you can't see an idea.ย 
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์•„์ด๋””์–ด, ๊ฐœ๋…, ๊ฐ์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:10
You can't smell a concept. You can't taste an emotion.ย 
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๊ฐœ๋…์˜ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๋ฅผ ๋งก์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ์ •์„ ๋ง›๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:15
Or hear it. Or touch it. So they are nouns. They are things that exist, butย 
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋งŒ์ ธ๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
02:21
you cannot see them, or taste them. You can't use your five sense.ย 
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๋ณผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์—†๊ณ  ๋ง›๋ณผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๊ฐ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:26
To give you a few examples, we could talk about love,ย 
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์ž๋ฉด ์‚ฌ๋ž‘,
02:31
or time, or religion,ย 
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์‹œ๊ฐ„, ์ข…๊ต,
02:36
rules. These are all words that representย 
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๊ทœ์น™์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด, ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:41
ideas, concepts... okay They're abstract nouns in English.ย 
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... ๋„ค, ์˜์–ด์—์„œ๋Š” ์ถ”์ƒ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:47
Now, let's get into more detail about nouns. Let's now see the difference between common nounsย 
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์ด์ œ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ข€ ๋” ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ
02:54
and proper nouns which areย  very important in English.ย 
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์ผ๋ฐ˜๋ช…์‚ฌ์™€ ๊ณ ์œ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:58
So common nouns and proper nouns refer to people, places, things,ย ย 
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. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ณดํ†ต๋ช…์‚ฌ์™€ ๊ณ ์œ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ, ์žฅ์†Œ, ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ, ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ์ง€์นญํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:05
ideas. Let's see a few examples.ย 
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. ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:09
We could talk about people for example. A woman.ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ์ž.
03:13
That's a common noun. But if we talk about a specific woman,ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํŠน์ • ์—ฌ์„ฑ, ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋‚˜, ํŒจ๋‹ˆ
03:18
for example, me, Fanny. That becomes a proper noun with a capital 'F'.ย 
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์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด . ๋Œ€๋ฌธ์ž 'F'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณ ์œ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:26
because, and you should know this, proper nouns are always capitalized.ย 
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋„ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณ ์œ  ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋Œ€๋ฌธ์ž๋กœ ํ‘œ์‹œ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:33
You could talk about places. A city. That's a common noun.ย 
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์žฅ์†Œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋„์‹œ. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:38
But then you can name a specific city. Let's take aย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํŠน์ • ๋„์‹œ์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ์ง€์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:42
great city, London, of course. With a capital 'L'.ย 
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋Ÿฐ๋˜์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋ฉ‹์ง„ ๋„์‹œ๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋Œ€๋ฌธ์ž 'L'๋กœ.
03:46
Remember proper nouns - always capitalized. We can talk about things forย 
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๊ณ ์œ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š” - ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋Œ€๋ฌธ์ž๋กœ ํ‘œ๊ธฐํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์˜ˆ ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:53
example. An animal. Let's take a dog. A dog.ย 
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. ๋™๋ฌผ. ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ๋ ค๊ฐ€์ž. ๊ฐœ.
03:56
That's a common noun. But if we take a specific dog, likeย ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์Šค๋ˆ„ํ”ผ(๋Œ€๋ฌธ์ž 'S')์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ํŠน์ • ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•˜๋ฉด
04:01
Snoopy - capital 'S', that's the proper noun.ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ณ ์œ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:07
If we talk about thingsย  again, but for example, a car,ย 
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๋‹ค์‹œ ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์ž๋™์ฐจ๋Š”
04:11
that's a common noun. But if we name the brand,ย ย 
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์ผ๋ฐ˜ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ณผ๋ณด์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ž๋™์ฐจ์˜ ํŠน์ • ๋ธŒ๋žœ๋“œ์ธ
04:15
the specific brand of the car like Volvo, that's a proper noun. And it takes a capital 'V'.ย 
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๋ธŒ๋žœ๋“œ ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ๋ถ™์ด๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๊ณ ์œ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋Œ€๋ฌธ์ž 'V'๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:22
And finally, and we can say, a team - common noun. But if we name a specific team, for example,ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ํŒ€์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํŠน์ • ํŒ€, ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด
04:31
the best football team, Manchester United,ย 
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์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์ถ•๊ตฌํŒ€์ธ ๋งจ์ฒด์Šคํ„ฐ ์œ ๋‚˜์ดํ‹ฐ๋“œ(Manchester United)๋ฅผ
04:34
then that's a proper noun and it's capitalized.ย 
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๋ช…๋ช… ํ•˜๋ฉด ํ•ด๋‹น ํŒ€์€ ๊ณ ์œ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ ๋Œ€๋ฌธ์ž๋กœ ํ‘œ์‹œ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:38
Now mind you, 'team', is a special word because it's calledย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ 'ํŒ€'์€
04:43
a collective noun in English because it refers to a group of people.ย 
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์ง‘๋‹จ์„ ์ง€์นญํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์˜์–ด๋กœ ์ง‘ํ•ฉ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:48
So collective nouns can be used as singular nouns or plural nouns.ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ง‘ํ•ฉ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆ˜๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ๋„, ๋ณต์ˆ˜๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ๋„ ์“ฐ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:53
But we will talk about this again later. So now that we know a lot about nouns in English,ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์ด์ œ ์˜์–ด ๋ช…์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งŽ์ด ์•Œ์•˜์œผ๋‹ˆ,
04:59
Let's practice finding nouns in a sentence. Okay, first,ย 
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ๋ช…์‚ฌ ์ฐพ๋Š” ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ํ•ด๋ณด์ž. ์ข‹์•„์š”, ์šฐ์„ 
05:08
In my class at Oxfordย  University, I have many friends.ย 
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์˜ฅ์Šคํผ๋“œ ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ์ˆ˜์—… ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์•„์š”.
05:13
My best friend is Jan. I have a lot of love for her.ย 
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๋‚˜์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์นœํ•œ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋Š” Jan์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€๋ฅผ ๋งค์šฐ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:19
Jan has a cute dog. Its name is Juju.ย 
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Jan์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๊ท€์—ฌ์šด ๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฆ„์€ ์ฅฌ์ฅฌ(Juju)์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:25
What are the nouns in these sentences?ย 
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
05:28
If we take the first sentence, In my class at Oxford University,ย ย 
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด, ์˜ฅ์Šคํผ๋“œ ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ์ˆ˜์—… ์‹œ๊ฐ„์—
05:34
I have many friends. We have, class, and friends.ย 
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์ˆ˜์—…๊ณผ ์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:41
These are common nouns. We also have a proper noun, Oxford University.ย 
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์ด๋“ค์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ฅ์Šคํผ๋“œ ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต(Oxford University)๋ผ๋Š” ๊ณ ์œ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:49
We know it's a proper nounย  because it's capitalized.ย 
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๋Œ€๋ฌธ์ž๋กœ ํ‘œ๊ธฐ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ณ ์œ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž„์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:54
The second sentence is, My best friend is Jen.ย 
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ '๋‚ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์นœํ•œ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋Š” Jen์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:00
Now in this sentence, the noun is, friend - common noun.ย 
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์ด์ œ ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” ์นœ๊ตฌ - ๋ณดํ†ต๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:07
And there's also the word, Jen, is also a noun but a proper noun.ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  Jen์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋„ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๊ณ ์œ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:13
As you can see it's capitalized. Then, I have a lot of love for her.ย 
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๋ณด์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ ๋Œ€๋ฌธ์ž๋กœ ๋˜์–ด์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:21
What noun can you see? Of course, 'love'.ย 
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์–ด๋–ค ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์ด๋‚˜์š”? ๋ฌผ๋ก  '์‚ฌ๋ž‘'์ด๋‹ค.
06:25
Remember the abstract noun we talked about a few minutes ago.ย 
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๋ช‡ ๋ถ„ ์ „์— ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ–ˆ๋˜ ์ถ”์ƒ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
06:31
And finally, Jan has a cute dog. Its name is Juju. What nouns can we find?ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด Jan์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๊ท€์—ฌ์šด ๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฒผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฆ„์€ ์ฅฌ์ฅฌ(Juju)์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด๋–ค ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
06:38
We can see, 'Jen', again - proper noun. 'Dog' - common noun.ย 
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๋‹ค์‹œ 'Jen'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ณ ์œ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '๊ฐœ' - ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ๋ช…์‚ฌ.
06:46
But also, 'name', and 'Juju'. 'Name's' a common noun.ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ '์ด๋ฆ„'๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ , '์ฃผ์ฃผ'๋„ ์žˆ์–ด์š”. '์ด๋ฆ„'์€ ๋ณดํ†ต๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด๋‹ค.
06:51
'Juju' is the proper noun. It's capitalized.ย 
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'์ฃผ์ฃผ'๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ์œ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€๋ฌธ์ž๋กœ ํ‘œ์‹œ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:56
As you probably know, I haven't mentioned, 'I', or 'her', or 'its'.ย 
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์•„๋งˆ ์•„์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ ์ €๋Š” '๋‚˜', '๊ทธ๋…€', '๊ทธ๊ฒƒ'์„ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:03
They are also nouns, but they are pronouns and they're considered a differentย ย 
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๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ
07:08
category in English. We will talk about them in another video .ย 
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์˜์–ด์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์นดํ…Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๊ฐ„์ฃผ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋น„๋””์˜ค์—์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:14
Great job guys! Thank you for watching my video.ย 
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์ •๋ง ์ž˜ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”! ์ œ ์˜์ƒ์„ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:17
I hope you now have a better understanding of nouns in English.ย 
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์ด์ œ ์˜์–ด ๋ช…์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ์ž˜ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:21
Please keep practicing. Practice makes perfect.ย 
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๊ณ„์† ์—ฐ์Šตํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๋ฉด ์™„๋ฒฝํ•ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:25
I'm sure you will very soon be able to recognize nouns in a sentence.ย 
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ณง ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ธ์‹ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ™•์‹ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:30
Please make sure to watch myย  next video as I keep on talkingย ย 
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๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ
07:34
about nouns. See you.ย 
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๋ช…์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋‹ˆ ๋‹ค์Œ ์˜์ƒ๋„ ๊ผญ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ๋˜ ๋ด์š”.
07:39
Thank you for watching my video guys. If you've liked this video, please click like,ย 
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์ œ ์˜์ƒ์„ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„. ์ด ์˜์ƒ์ด ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“œ์…จ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ข‹์•„์š”๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๊ณ ,
07:44
subscribe to our channel, show us your support, put your comments below andย 
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์ €ํฌ ์ฑ„๋„์„ ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜์‹œ๊ณ , ์‘์›์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด์ฃผ์‹œ๊ณ , ์•„๋ž˜์— ๋Œ“๊ธ€์„ ๋‚จ๊ฒจ์ฃผ์‹œ๊ณ 
07:48
share this video. Thank you.
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์ด ์˜์ƒ์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•ด ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:05
Hello guys! And welcome to this English course on nouns.ย 
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„! ๋ช…์‚ฌ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์˜์–ด ๊ฐ•์ขŒ์— ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:10
In todayโ€™s video, weโ€™re going toย  talk about singular and plural nouns.
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์˜์ƒ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆ˜๋ช…์‚ฌ์™€ ๋ณต์ˆ˜๋ช…์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:16
When you speak English, itโ€™s very importantย  to know the difference between a singular nounย ย 
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์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ, ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ ๋ช…์‚ฌ
08:22
and a plural noun. Ok?ย 
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์™€ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ์•„๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”?
08:25
So I will explain to you the different rules. And we will practice together.ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•  ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
08:30
Letโ€™s get started.ย 
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์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์ž.
08:34
Ok guys, the first you need to knowย  is that a singular noun means one.ย 
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์ข‹์•„์š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„, ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋จผ์ € ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:42
So, for example, I can say, โ€˜catโ€™. โ€˜a catโ€™ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด '๊ณ ์–‘์ด'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”. 'a cat'
08:48
โ€˜one catโ€™ โ€˜schoolโ€™ย 
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'one cat' 'school'
08:52
โ€˜a schoolโ€™ โ€˜one schoolโ€™ย 
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'a school' 'one school'
08:55
โ€˜teamโ€™ Now donโ€™t forget, โ€˜teamโ€™ is a collective noun.ย 
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'team' 'team'์€ ์ง‘ํ•ฉ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์„ ์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
08:59
Itโ€™s a group of people, butย  still, itโ€™s a singular noun.ย 
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์ง‘๋‹จ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:04
We talk about โ€˜a teamโ€™, or โ€˜one team. โ€˜ladyโ€™ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 'ํŒ€' ๋˜๋Š” 'ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ํŒ€'์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '๋ ˆ์ด๋””'
09:10
โ€˜monkeyโ€™ โ€˜tomatoโ€™ย 
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'์›์ˆญ์ด' 'ํ† ๋งˆํ† '
09:12
โ€˜a tomatoโ€™ โ€˜one tomatoโ€™ย 
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'ํ† ๋งˆํ† ' 'ํ† ๋งˆํ†  ํ•œ ๊ฐœ'
09:15
Or โ€˜pianoโ€™. Now, if we talkย ย 
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๋˜๋Š” 'ํ”ผ์•„๋…ธ'. ์ด์ œ
09:19
about plural nouns, it means more than one. So for example, two, three, four, or many.ย 
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๋ณต์ˆ˜ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด๋Š” ํ•˜๋‚˜ ์ด์ƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด 2๊ฐœ, 3๊ฐœ, 4๊ฐœ ๋˜๋Š” ๋‹ค์ˆ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:28
If we take our words again,ย  โ€˜a catโ€™ becomes โ€˜catsโ€™.ย 
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด '๊ณ ์–‘์ด'๋Š” '๊ณ ์–‘์ด'๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:35
โ€˜two catsโ€™ โ€˜three catsโ€™ย 
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'๊ณ ์–‘์ด ๋‘ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ' '๊ณ ์–‘์ด ์„ธ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ'
09:38
โ€˜many catsโ€™ โ€˜schoolโ€™โ€™ becomes โ€˜schoolsโ€™.ย 
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'๊ณ ์–‘์ด ๋‹ค์ˆ˜' 'ํ•™๊ต''๋Š” 'ํ•™๊ต'๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:44
โ€˜teamโ€™ becomes โ€˜teamsโ€™. Ok, so you just add an โ€˜sโ€™.ย 
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'ํŒ€'์€ 'ํŒ€'์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 's'๋งŒ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:51
Now โ€˜ladyโ€™ becomes โ€˜ladies. โ€˜monkeyโ€™ becomes โ€˜monkeysโ€™.ย 
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์ด์ œ '์ˆ™๋…€'๋Š” '์ˆ™๋…€'๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '์›์ˆญ์ด'๋Š” '์›์ˆญ์ด'๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:59
But, two different rules. As you can see, โ€˜ladyโ€™ is consonant + โ€˜yโ€™.ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ทœ์น™์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณด์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ 'lady'๋Š” ์ž์Œ + 'y'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:06
Now when you have consonant + โ€˜yโ€™, in anย  English word, the plural will be โ€˜iesโ€™.ย 
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์ด์ œ ์˜์–ด ๋‹จ์–ด์—์„œ ์ž์Œ + 'y'๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์€ 'ies'๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:15
โ€˜ladyโ€™ โ€˜ladiesโ€™ย 
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'lady' 'ladies'
10:18
But when you have vowel + โ€˜yโ€™ likeย  โ€˜monkeyโ€™, it just becomes โ€˜monkeysโ€™.ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ 'monkey'์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ชจ์Œ + 'y'๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ 'monkeys'๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:25
You simply add an โ€˜sโ€™. Ok, โ€˜monkeyโ€™ becomes โ€˜monkeysโ€™.ย 
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๊ฐ„๋‹จํžˆ 's'๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•Œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '์›์ˆญ์ด'๋Š” '์›์ˆญ์ด'๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:31
โ€˜tomatoโ€™ becomes โ€˜tomatoesโ€™. โ€˜pianoโ€™ โ€˜pianosโ€™ย 
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'ํ† ๋งˆํ† '๋Š” 'ํ† ๋งˆํ† '๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 'piano' 'pianos'
10:36
Again, two different rules. Now โ€˜tomatoโ€™ becomes โ€˜tomatoesโ€™.ย 
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ทœ์น™์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ 'ํ† ๋งˆํ† '๋Š” 'ํ† ๋งˆํ† '๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:42
You add โ€˜esโ€™. And with most words ending in โ€˜oโ€™,ย ย 
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'es'๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ 'o'๋กœ ๋๋‚˜
10:47
so consonant + โ€˜oโ€™, you will add โ€˜esโ€™. But sometimes, you will only add โ€˜sโ€™.ย 
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๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ž์Œ + 'o'์—๋Š” 'es'๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” 's'๋งŒ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:56
Like โ€˜pianoโ€™, โ€˜pianosโ€™. There is no particular rule for this.ย 
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'ํ”ผ์•„๋…ธ', 'ํ”ผ์•„๋…ธ'์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ง์ด์ฃ . ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ๊ทœ์น™์€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:02
You just need to know the wordsย  that only end with an โ€˜sโ€™.ย 
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's'๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋งŒ ์•Œ๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:05
Ok, letโ€™s move on to some pronunciation now. So, when it comes to pronunciation, we haveย ย 
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์ž, ์ด์ œ ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ์ข€ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ฐœ์Œ์— ๊ด€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š”
11:08
three different sounds. The first sound is /s/.ย 
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์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” /s/์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:15
The second sound is /z/. And the third sounds is /Iz/.ย 
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” /z/์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” /Iz/์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:23
So letโ€™s review some words together andย  be really careful, what sound do you hear?ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ณต์Šตํ•˜๊ณ  ์ •๋ง ์ฃผ์˜ ๊นŠ๊ฒŒ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด๋–ค ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋‚˜์š”?
11:31
โ€˜catsโ€™ โ€˜catsโ€™ย 
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'๊ณ ์–‘์ด' '๊ณ ์–‘์ด'
11:35
What can you hear? /s/ย 
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๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”? /s/
11:39
Can you repeat after me. โ€˜catsโ€™ย 
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์ œ ๋ง์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ง์”€ํ•ด ์ฃผ์‹œ๊ฒ ์–ด์š”? '๊ณ ์–‘์ด'
11:44
โ€˜catsโ€™ The second word is โ€˜schoolsโ€™.ย 
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'๊ณ ์–‘์ด' ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” 'ํ•™๊ต'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:51
โ€˜schoolsโ€™ What sound can you hear?ย 
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'ํ•™๊ต' ์–ด๋–ค ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋‚˜์š”?
11:55
Of course, /z/. Repeat after me.ย 
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๋ฌผ๋ก , /z/์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
12:00
โ€˜schoolsโ€™ โ€˜schoolsโ€™ย 
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'ํ•™๊ต' 'ํ•™๊ต'
12:05
The third words is โ€˜teamsโ€™.ย 
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์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” 'ํŒ€'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:09
What sound can you hear? Again, /z/.ย 
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์–ด๋–ค ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”? ๋‹ค์‹œ, /z/.
12:13
Repeat after me. โ€˜teamsโ€™ย 
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๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์„ธ์š”. 'ํŒ€'
12:18
โ€˜teamsโ€™ Then we have โ€˜ladiesโ€™.ย 
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'ํŒ€' ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  '์ˆ™๋…€'๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:23
โ€˜ladiesโ€™ /z/ย 
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'์ˆ™๋…€๋“ค' /z/
12:26
Repeat after me. โ€˜ladiesโ€™ย 
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๋‚ด ๋ง์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์„ธ์š”. '์ˆ™๋…€'
12:31
โ€˜ladiesโ€™ Then โ€˜monkeysโ€™.ย 
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'์ˆ™๋…€' ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  '์›์ˆญ์ด'.
12:37
/z/ again. Repeat after me.ย 
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/z/ ๋‹ค์‹œ. ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
12:41
โ€˜monkeysโ€™. โ€˜monkeysโ€™ย 
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'์›์ˆญ์ด'. '์›์ˆญ์ด'
12:46
Then we have โ€˜tomatoesโ€™. Again, itโ€™s the /z/ sound.ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  'ํ† ๋งˆํ† '๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฒˆ์—๋„ /z/ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:52
โ€˜tomatoesโ€™ โ€˜tomatoesโ€™ย 
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'ํ† ๋งˆํ† ' 'ํ† ๋งˆํ† '
12:57
And finally, โ€˜pianosโ€™. /z/ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ 'ํ”ผ์•„๋…ธ'. /z/
13:03
โ€˜pianosโ€™ โ€˜pianosโ€™ย 
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'pianos' 'pianos'
13:09
Letโ€™s move on to other rules now. Ok guys, letโ€™s now talk about nounsย ย 
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์ด์ œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ทœ์น™์œผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž, ์ด์ œ
13:15
that end in โ€˜sโ€™, โ€˜shโ€™, โ€˜xโ€™, โ€˜chโ€™, or โ€˜zโ€™. Now to make the plural form of these nouns,ย ย 
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's', 'sh', 'x', 'ch', 'z'๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์ด ๋ช…์‚ฌ์˜ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
13:25
you will add โ€˜esโ€™. And the sound will be /Iz/.ย 
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'es'๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” /Iz/๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:31
Letโ€™s review some words together. โ€˜busโ€™ becomes โ€˜busesโ€™.ย 
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ณต์Šตํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. '๋ฒ„์Šค'๋Š” '๋ฒ„์Šค'๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:39
โ€˜bushโ€™ โ€˜bushesโ€™ โ€˜foxโ€™ โ€˜foxesโ€™ย 
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'๋ถ€์‹œ' '๋ถ€์‹œ' '์—ฌ์šฐ' '์—ฌ์šฐ'
13:46
โ€˜beachโ€™ โ€˜beachesโ€™ โ€˜quizโ€™ โ€˜quizzesโ€™ย 
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'ํ•ด๋ณ€' 'ํ•ด๋ณ€' 'ํ€ด์ฆˆ' 'ํ€ด์ฆˆ'
13:52
Can you repeat after me? โ€˜busesโ€™ โ€˜busesโ€™ย 
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์ €๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ด ์ฃผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”? '๋ฒ„์Šค' '๋ฒ„์Šค'
14:01
โ€˜bushesโ€™ โ€˜bushesโ€™ โ€˜foxesโ€™ โ€˜foxesโ€™ย 
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'๋ถ€์‹œ' '๋ถ€์‹œ' '์—ฌ์šฐ' '์—ฌ์šฐ'
14:13
โ€˜beachesโ€™ โ€˜beachesโ€™ โ€˜quizzesโ€™ โ€˜quizzesโ€™ย 
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'ํ•ด๋ณ€' 'ํ•ด๋ณ€' 'ํ€ด์ฆˆ' 'ํ€ด์ฆˆ'
14:24
Letโ€™s move on. Ok, guys.ย 
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๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•Œ์•˜์–ด, ์–˜๋“ค์•„.
14:26
Moving on to nouns that end in โ€˜fโ€™ or โ€˜feโ€™. For example, โ€˜roofโ€™ becomes โ€˜roofsโ€™.ย 
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'f' ๋˜๋Š” 'fe'๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด '์ง€๋ถ•'์€ '์ง€๋ถ•'์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:38
โ€˜safeโ€™ โ€˜safesโ€™ So you simply add an โ€˜sโ€™.ย 
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'safe' 'safes' ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ 's'๋งŒ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:44
Then we have โ€˜leafโ€™ that becomes โ€˜leavesโ€™. Wait a minute. What happened?ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด '์žŽ'์ด ๋˜๋Š” '์žŽ'์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž ๊น ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ ค์š”. ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด์—์š”?
14:51
Well, ya, sometimes in English, a word endingย  in โ€˜fโ€™ becomes a word ending in โ€˜vesโ€™ in plural.ย 
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์˜์–ด์—์„œ๋Š” 'f'๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์œผ๋กœ 'ves'๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:00
Thatโ€™s not a rule. But some words end in โ€˜vesโ€™,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทœ์น™์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ 'ves'๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋„ ์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ
15:04
you just have to learn them Iโ€™m afraid. Another word, โ€˜wifeโ€™.ย 
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๊ผญ ๋ฐฐ์›Œ์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”. ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ง์€ '์•„๋‚ด'๋‹ค.
15:10
And again, โ€˜vesโ€™. โ€˜wivesโ€™ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋˜ '๋ฒ ์Šค'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 'wives'
15:14
โ€˜shelfโ€™ โ€˜shelvesโ€™ Again, this โ€˜vesโ€™ ending.ย 
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'shelf' 'shelves' ์ด๋ฒˆ์—๋„ 'ves' ์—”๋”ฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:20
Now letโ€™s focus on pronunciation. โ€˜roofsโ€™ย 
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์ด์ œ ๋ฐœ์Œ์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '์ง€๋ถ•'
15:21
So itโ€™s an /s/ sound. โ€˜roofsโ€™ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ /s/ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '์ง€๋ถ•'
15:27
โ€˜roofsโ€™ Good job.ย 
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'์ง€๋ถ•' ์ž˜ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
15:31
โ€˜safesโ€™ โ€˜safesโ€™ย 
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'๊ธˆ๊ณ ' '๊ธˆ๊ณ '
15:38
Have you heard the /s/ sound? โ€˜safesโ€™ย 
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/s/ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์…จ๋‚˜์š”? '๊ธˆ๊ณ '
15:43
Then we have โ€˜leavesโ€™. And this time itโ€™s a /z/ sound.ย 
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๋‹ค์Œ์—๋Š” '์žŽ'์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฒˆ์—๋Š” /z/ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:48
Repeat after me.ย 
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๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
15:50
โ€˜leavesโ€™ โ€˜leavesโ€™ย 
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'์žŽ' '์žŽ'
15:56
Great. Moving on. โ€˜wivesโ€™ย 
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์ข‹์•„์š”. ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ. '์•„๋‚ด'
16:02
โ€˜wivesโ€™ And finally,ย 
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'์•„๋‚ด' ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ
16:07
โ€˜shelvesโ€™ย 
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'์„ ๋ฐ˜'
16:10
โ€˜shelvesโ€™ Great job guys.ย 
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'์„ ๋ฐ˜' ์ž˜ํ–ˆ์–ด์š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„.
16:14
Letโ€™s move on to practice now. Well students, letโ€™s now practice together.ย 
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์ด์ œ ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž, ํ•™์ƒ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„, ์ด์ œ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
16:19
Iโ€™m going to give you a singular noun, andย  I want you to try and find the plural formย ย 
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ , ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ด ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์˜
16:26
of this singular noun. Ok?ย 
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๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ข‹์•„์š”?
16:30
Letโ€™s give it a try. The first word is โ€˜babyโ€™.ย 
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ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ์‹œ๋„ํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” '์•„๊ธฐ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:36
โ€˜babyโ€™ Donโ€™t forget, it ends with consonant + โ€˜yโ€™.ย 
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'baby' ์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”. ์ž์Œ + 'y'๋กœ ๋๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:43
Do you remember the rule? Itโ€™s โ€˜babiesโ€™ with โ€˜iesโ€™.ย 
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๊ทœ์น™์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”? 'ies'๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด 'baby'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:50
Very nice. โ€˜babyโ€™ โ€˜babiesโ€™ย 
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์•„์ฃผ ์ข‹์•„์š”. '์•„๊ธฐ' '์•„๊ธฐ๋“ค'
16:54
The second word is โ€˜toyโ€™. Hmmm, vowel + โ€˜yโ€™.ย 
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” '์žฅ๋‚œ๊ฐ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ , ๋ชจ์Œ + 'y'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:02
So this time, โ€˜toysโ€™. You simply add an โ€˜sโ€™.ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๋ฒˆ์—๋Š” '์žฅ๋‚œ๊ฐ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ„๋‹จํžˆ 's'๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:08
Then we have โ€˜wishโ€™. Wish is a word that ends in โ€˜shโ€™.ย 
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” '์†Œ์›'์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์†Œ์›์€ '์‰ฌ'๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:15
Remember the rule. โ€˜wishesโ€™ย 
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๊ทœ์น™์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”. '์†Œ์›'
17:19
You add โ€˜esโ€™. โ€˜taxiโ€™ becomes โ€˜taxisโ€™.ย 
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'es'๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 'ํƒ์‹œ'๋Š” 'ํƒ์‹œ'๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:26
You simply add an โ€˜sโ€™. โ€˜choiceโ€™ โ€˜choicesโ€™ย 
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๊ฐ„๋‹จํžˆ 's'๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 'choice' 'choices'
17:33
Simply add an โ€˜sโ€™ as well. Then we have the word โ€˜wolfโ€™.ย 
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๊ฐ„๋‹จํžˆ 's'๋„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด '๋Š‘๋Œ€'๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:38
Aha! Itโ€™s a word ending in โ€˜fโ€™.ย 
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์•„ํ•˜! 'f'๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:44
Is it a word with โ€˜vesโ€™? It is.ย 
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'ves'๊ฐ€ ํฌํ•จ๋œ ๋‹จ์–ด์ธ๊ฐ€์š”? ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€.
17:49
โ€˜wolvesโ€™ And finally,ย 
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'๋Š‘๋Œ€' ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ
17:52
โ€˜photoโ€™ Now remember the words ending in โ€˜oโ€™?ย 
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'์‚ฌ์ง„' ์ด์ œ 'o'๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
17:57
You can add โ€˜esโ€™ or simply โ€˜sโ€™. Well with photo, you simply add an โ€˜sโ€™.ย 
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'es' ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฐ„๋‹จํžˆ 's'๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ์ง„์—๋Š” โ€‹โ€‹'s'๋งŒ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:05
โ€˜photosโ€™ Now if we focus on pronunciation now.ย 
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'์‚ฌ์ง„' ์ด์ œ ๋ฐœ์Œ์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:07
Repeat the words after me. โ€˜babiesโ€™ย 
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๋‚ด ๋ง์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. 'babies'
18:12
The sound is /z/ โ€˜babiesโ€™ย 
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์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” /z/์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 'babies'
18:18
โ€˜toysโ€™ โ€˜toysโ€™ย 
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'toys' 'toys'
18:24
โ€˜wishesโ€™ Remember this /Iz/ sound?ย 
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'wishs' ์ด /Iz/ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
18:28
Repeat after me. โ€˜wishesโ€™ย 
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๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์„ธ์š”. '์†Œ์›'
18:33
โ€˜taxisโ€™ โ€˜taxisโ€™ย 
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'ํƒ์‹œ' 'ํƒ์‹œ'
18:39
โ€˜choicesโ€™ โ€˜choicesโ€™ย 
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'์„ ํƒ' '์„ ํƒ'
18:45
โ€˜wolvesโ€™ โ€˜wolvesโ€™ย 
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'๋Š‘๋Œ€' '๋Š‘๋Œ€'
18:50
And finally, โ€˜photosโ€™ โ€˜photosโ€™ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ '์‚ฌ์ง„' '์‚ฌ์ง„'
18:58
Excellent job guys. Now letโ€™s move on to some example sentences.ย 
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์ˆ˜๊ณ ํ•˜์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„. ์ด์ œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฌธ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:05
I have some example sentences for you guys. Using singular and plural nouns.ย 
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ ๋ฐ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:12
I would like you to repeat the sentences after me. And be really careful to use proper pronunciation.ย 
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๋‚ด ๋ง์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ด ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ์ •๋ง ์กฐ์‹ฌํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
19:19
Letโ€™s get started. First,ย 
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์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์ž. ์ฒซ์งธ,
19:25
โ€˜I want a dog.โ€™ โ€˜I like dogs.โ€™ย 
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'๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค.' '๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ด์š”.'
19:29
Repeat after me, guys. โ€˜I want a dog.โ€™ย 
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๋‚ด ๋ง์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์„ธ์š”. '๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•ด์š”.'
19:36
โ€˜I like dogs.โ€™ย 
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'๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ด์š”.'
19:42
The second sentence.ย 
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ.
19:45
โ€˜I donโ€™t want a fox.โ€™ โ€˜I donโ€™t like foxes.โ€™ย 
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'๋‚˜๋Š” ์—ฌ์šฐ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค.' '๋‚˜๋Š” ์—ฌ์šฐ๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค.'
19:51
After me, guys. โ€˜I donโ€™t want a fox.โ€™ย 
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๋‚˜ ๋‹ค์Œ์—๋Š” ์–˜๋“ค์•„. '๋‚˜๋Š” ์—ฌ์šฐ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค.'
19:59
โ€˜I donโ€™t like foxes.โ€™ Great, moving on the to the third sentence.ย 
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'๋‚˜๋Š” ์—ฌ์šฐ๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค.' ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:10
โ€˜I bought a watch.โ€™ โ€˜I have many watches.โ€™ย 
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'์‹œ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ƒ€์–ด์š”.' '๋‚˜๋Š” ์‹œ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์•„์š”.'
20:15
Repeat after me. โ€˜I bought a watch.โ€™ย 
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๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์„ธ์š”. '์‹œ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ƒ€์–ด์š”.'
20:23
โ€˜I have many watches.โ€™ย 
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'๋‚˜๋Š” ์‹œ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์•„์š”.'
20:29
Good job. Sentence four now.ย 
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์ž˜ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”. ์ด์ œ 4๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:33
โ€˜I have a new stereo.โ€™ โ€˜Now, I have two stereos.โ€™ย 
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'์ƒˆ ์Šคํ…Œ๋ ˆ์˜ค๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฒผ์–ด์š”.' '์ด์ œ ์Šคํ…Œ๋ ˆ์˜ค๊ฐ€ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ ์ƒ๊ฒผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
20:39
After me. โ€˜I have a new stereo.โ€™ย 
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๋‚˜ ์ดํ›„. '์ƒˆ ์Šคํ…Œ๋ ˆ์˜ค๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฒผ์–ด์š”.'
20:47
โ€˜Now, I have two stereos.โ€™ย 
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'์ด์ œ ์Šคํ…Œ๋ ˆ์˜ค๊ฐ€ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ ์ƒ๊ฒผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
20:54
Excellent! And finally,ย 
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ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ! ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด
20:57
โ€˜Thereโ€™s a knife.โ€™ โ€˜There are six knives in the kitchen.โ€™ย 
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'์นผ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค.' '์ฃผ๋ฐฉ์— ์นผ์ด 6๊ฐœ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.'
21:02
Repeat after me. โ€˜Thereโ€™s a knife.โ€™ย 
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๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์„ธ์š”. '์นผ์ด ์žˆ์–ด์š”.'
21:09
โ€˜There are six knives in the kitchen.โ€™ย 
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'์ฃผ๋ฐฉ์— ์นผ์ด 6๊ฐœ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.'
21:18
Amazing job guys. Very nice.ย 
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์ •๋ง ๋Œ€๋‹จํ•œ ์ผ์ด๊ตฐ์š”. ์•„์ฃผ ์ข‹์•„์š”.
21:21
I hoped this has helped. I hope you now understand better,ย ย 
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ ๋‹จ์ˆ˜, ๋ณต์ˆ˜ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋” ์ž˜ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
21:25
singular and plural nouns in English. Now, I havenโ€™t talked about allย ย 
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. ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฐœ์Œ ๊ทœ์น™ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์•˜์ง€๋งŒ ,
21:30
the pronunciation rules, But I hope you have a goodย ย 
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์ด์ œ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์˜ ๋ฐœ์Œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ž˜ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์…จ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:34
sense now of how pronounce plural forms. Make sure you watch my next video if youย ย 
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์˜์–ด ๋ช…์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ œ ๋‹ค์Œ ์˜์ƒ์„ ๊ผญ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•˜์„ธ์š”
21:40
want to know more about nouns in English. Thank you very much for watching guys.ย 
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. ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด์ฃผ์…”์„œ ์ •๋ง ๊ฐ์‚ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:49
Thank you for watching my video, guys! If youโ€™ve liked this video,ย ย 
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์ œ ์˜์ƒ์„ ๋ด์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„! ์ด ์˜์ƒ์ด ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“œ์…จ๋‹ค๋ฉด
21:53
please show me your support. Click โ€˜likeโ€™.ย 
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์ €์—๊ฒŒ ์‘์›์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. '์ข‹์•„์š”'๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
21:56
Subscribe to the channel. Put your comments below andย ย 
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์ฑ„๋„์„ ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์•„๋ž˜์— ๋Œ“๊ธ€์„ ๋‹ฌ๊ณ 
21:59
share the video. See you.ย 
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์˜์ƒ์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ๋˜ ๋ด์š”.
22:18
Hello, guys. Welcome to this English course on nouns.ย 
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„. ๋ช…์‚ฌ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์˜์–ด ๊ฐ•์ขŒ์— ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:23
In todayโ€™s video, Iโ€™m going to tellย  you about irregular plural nouns.ย 
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์˜์ƒ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ ๋ณต์ˆ˜๋ช…์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:30
Now there are crazy ways ofย  making plural forms in English.ย 
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์ด์ œ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ฏธ์นœ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:34
And there are a lot of irregular forms. I want you to know about them,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ํ•œ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋„ ๋งŽ์•„์š”. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:39
so letโ€™s get started.ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:45
Again, guys, there are so manyย  irregular plural forms in English.ย 
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๋˜ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„, ์˜์–ด์—๋Š” ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์•„์š”.
22:50
And Iโ€™m afraid there are no particular rules. You just need to learn the words.ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ๊ทœ์น™์€ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”. ๋‹จ์–ด๋งŒ ์ตํžˆ์‹œ๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:57
But Iโ€™m going to try and tellย  you about the most common ones.ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ €๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ์ž ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:01
Ok? Letโ€™s review some words together.ย 
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์ข‹์•„์š”? ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ณต์Šตํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
23:05
Ok, so, for example. We have a singular nounย ย 
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์˜ˆ, ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด์š”. '์—ฌ์ž'๋ผ๋Š”
23:09
which is โ€˜womanโ€™. Itโ€™s plural form is โ€˜womenโ€™.ย 
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๋‹จ์ˆ˜๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์€ '์—ฌ์„ฑ'์ด๋‹ค.
23:16
โ€˜womanโ€™ โ€˜womenโ€™ Then we have โ€˜manโ€™.ย 
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'์—ฌ์ž' '์—ฌ์ž' ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด '๋‚จ์ž'๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:21
The singular noun, โ€˜a manโ€™, it becomes โ€˜menโ€™. โ€˜a childโ€™ becomes โ€˜childrenโ€™ย 
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๋‹จ์ˆ˜๋ช…์‚ฌ 'a man'์€ 'men'์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '์•„์ด'๋Š” '์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด' '
23:31
โ€˜a toothโ€™ โ€˜teethโ€™ โ€˜a footโ€™ becomes โ€˜feetโ€™ย 
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์ด' '์ด' '๋ฐœ'์€ '๋ฐœ'์ด ๋˜๊ณ 
23:39
โ€˜a personโ€™ becomes โ€˜peopleโ€™. โ€˜a mouseโ€™ becomes โ€˜miceโ€™ย 
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'์‚ฌ๋žŒ'์€ '์‚ฌ๋žŒ'์ด ๋œ๋‹ค. 'a mouse'๋Š” 'mice'๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
23:48
Ok, letโ€™s move on to pronunciation now. Well students, letโ€™s work on pronunciation a bit.ย 
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. ์ด์ œ ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž, ํ•™์ƒ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„, ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ์ข€ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
23:51
Please repeat after me. โ€˜womanโ€™ โ€˜womanโ€™ย 
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์ €๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. '์—ฌ์ž' '์—ฌ์ž'
24:01
โ€˜womenโ€™ โ€˜womenโ€™ย 
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'์—ฌ์ž' '์—ฌ์ž'
24:08
Good. โ€˜manโ€™ โ€˜manโ€™ย 
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์ข‹์•„์š”. '๋‚จ์ž' '๋‚จ์ž
24:17
โ€˜menโ€™ โ€˜menโ€™ย 
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' '๋‚จ์ž'
24:24
โ€˜childโ€™ โ€˜childโ€™ โ€˜childrenโ€™ โ€˜childrenโ€™ย 
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'๋‚จ์ž' '์•„์ด' '์•„์ด' '์•„์ด๋“ค' '์•„์ด๋“ค'
24:37
Very good guys. Moving on.ย 
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์ฐธ ์ข‹์€ ๋…€์„๋“ค์ด์—์š”. ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ.
24:41
โ€˜toothโ€™ โ€˜toothโ€™ โ€˜teethโ€™ โ€˜teethโ€™ย 
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'์น˜์•„' '์น˜์•„' '์ด๋นจ' '์น˜์•„'
24:55
โ€˜footโ€™ โ€˜footโ€™ โ€˜feetโ€™ โ€˜feetโ€™ย 
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'๋ฐœ' '๋ฐœ' '๋ฐœ' '๋ฐœ'
25:08
โ€˜personโ€™ โ€˜personโ€™ โ€˜peopleโ€™ย ย 
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'์‚ฌ๋žŒ' '์‚ฌ๋žŒ' '์‚ฌ๋žŒ'
25:18
โ€˜peopleโ€™ Very good guys.ย 
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'์‚ฌ๋žŒ' ์ฐธ ์ข‹์€ ๋…€์„๋“ค์ด์—์š”.
25:22
And the last one. โ€˜mouseโ€™ โ€˜mouseโ€™ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๊ฒƒ. '๋งˆ์šฐ์Šค' '๋งˆ์šฐ์Šค'
25:30
โ€˜miceโ€™ โ€˜miceโ€™ย 
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'์ƒ์ฅ' '์ƒ์ฅ'
25:38
Excellent, guys. Letโ€™s now move on to other irregular plural forms.ย 
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ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•ด์š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„. ์ด์ œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:42
Now there are words that have theย  exact same singular and plural forms.ย 
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์ด์ œ ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ํ˜•๊ณผ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์ด ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋™์ผํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:49
They are not common, but you need to know a few. Letโ€™s take a look together.ย 
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ํ”ํ•˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ดํŽด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:56
As you can see, โ€˜sheepโ€™ is the singular form. But the plural form is not โ€˜sheepsโ€™.ย 
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๋ณด์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ '์–‘'์€ ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ํ˜•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์€ '์–‘'์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:05
It is โ€˜sheepโ€™. Same goes for โ€˜deerโ€™ โ€˜deerโ€™.ย 
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'์–‘' ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '์‚ฌ์Šด', '์‚ฌ์Šด'๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋‹ค.
26:13
โ€˜mooseโ€™ โ€˜mooseโ€™ โ€˜fishโ€™ โ€˜fishโ€™ย 
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'๋ฌด์Šค' '๋ฌด์Šค' '๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ' '๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ'
26:19
โ€˜aircraftโ€™ โ€˜aircraftโ€™ Ok, so you will say, โ€œI see one sheep.โ€ย 
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'ํ•ญ๊ณต๊ธฐ' 'ํ•ญ๊ณต๊ธฐ' ์ข‹์•„์š”, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด "๋‚˜๋Š” ์–‘ ํ•œ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:26
But also, โ€œI see two sheep.โ€ The exact same word.ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋˜ํ•œ โ€œ์–‘ ๋‘ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ€ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:32
Ok, letโ€™s go back for pronunciation. I want you to repeat after me.ย 
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์ข‹์•„, ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€์ž. ์ €๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
26:37
โ€˜sheepโ€™ โ€˜sheepโ€™ โ€˜deerโ€™ โ€˜deerโ€™ย 
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'์–‘' '์–‘' '์‚ฌ์Šด' '์‚ฌ์Šด'
26:49
โ€˜mooseโ€™ โ€˜mooseโ€™ โ€˜fishโ€™ โ€˜fishโ€™ย 
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'๋ฌด์Šค' '๋ฌด์Šค' '๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ' '๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ'
27:00
โ€˜aircraftโ€™ โ€˜aircraftโ€™ย 
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'ํ•ญ๊ณต๊ธฐ' 'ํ•ญ๊ณต๊ธฐ'
27:07
Good job guys. Letโ€™s move to other irregular forms.ย 
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์ž˜ํ–ˆ์–ด์š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„. ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ํ•œ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:12
Some nouns are never singular. We always use their plural forms.ย 
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์ผ๋ถ€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ํ˜•์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:19
I have a few common ones for you guys. Letโ€™s have a look.ย 
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ณตํ†ต์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์ž.
27:24
โ€˜jeansโ€™ โ€˜pantsโ€™ย 
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'์ฒญ๋ฐ”์ง€' '๋ฐ”์ง€'
27:28
โ€˜glassesโ€™ โ€˜sunglassesโ€™ย 
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'์•ˆ๊ฒฝ' '์„ ๊ธ€๋ผ์Šค'
27:32
โ€˜clothesโ€™ โ€˜scissorsโ€™ย 
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'์˜ท' '๊ฐ€์œ„' '์ž ์˜ท' ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด
27:36
โ€˜pajamasโ€™ So you will say,ย ย 
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'์ฒญ๋ฐ”์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด์š”' ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
27:40
โ€œI have some jeans.โ€ Or, โ€œI have scissors.โ€ย 
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. ๋˜๋Š” โ€œ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์œ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ€
27:46
But you cannot say, โ€œI have a jean.โ€ It is incorrect in English.ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ โ€œ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ฒญ๋ฐ”์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.โ€๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜์–ด๋กœ๋Š” ํ‹€๋ฆฌ๋„ค์š”.
27:52
Letโ€™s work a bit on pronunciation. Repeat after me, please.ย 
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๋ฐœ์Œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ข€ ๋” ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. ์ œ ๋ง์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
27:56
โ€˜jeansโ€™ โ€˜jeansโ€™ โ€˜pantsโ€™ โ€˜pantsโ€™ย 
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'์ฒญ๋ฐ”์ง€' '์ฒญ๋ฐ”์ง€' '๋ฐ”์ง€' '๋ฐ”์ง€' '
28:09
โ€˜glassesโ€™ โ€˜glassesโ€™ โ€˜sunglassesโ€™ โ€˜sunglassesโ€™ย 
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์•ˆ๊ฒฝ' '์•ˆ๊ฒฝ' '์„ ๊ธ€๋ผ์Šค' '์„ ๊ธ€๋ผ์Šค'
28:21
โ€˜clothesโ€™ โ€˜clothesโ€™ โ€˜scissorsโ€™ โ€˜scissorsโ€™ย 
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'์˜ท' '์˜ท' '๊ฐ€์œ„' '๊ฐ€์œ„'
28:34
And finally, โ€˜pajamasโ€™ โ€˜pajamasโ€™ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ 'ํŒŒ์ž๋งˆ' 'ํŒŒ์ž๋งˆ'
28:42
Good guys. Letโ€™s now look at other irregular plural forms.ย 
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์ž˜ํ•ด์š”. ์ด์ œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:47
Now, just a few words about nouns inย  English that have Latin and Greek origins.ย 
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์ด์ œ ๋ผํ‹ด์–ด์™€ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค์–ด์—์„œ ์œ ๋ž˜ํ•œ ์˜์–ด ๋ช…์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ช‡ ๋งˆ๋”” ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:56
Their plural forms are very weird. Itโ€™s a bit complicated, so weโ€™reย ย 
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ด์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข€ ๋ณต์žกํ•ด์„œ
29:01
not going to into too much detail. Donโ€™t worry too much about them.ย 
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์ž์„ธํžˆ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ์ง€๋Š” ์•Š๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
29:06
But just a few words that I think you should know. First, we have words ending in โ€˜aโ€™.ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•  ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹จ์–ด๋งŒ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋จผ์ € 'a'๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:14
Their plural form will end in โ€˜aeโ€™. For example,ย 
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๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์€ 'ae'๋กœ ๋๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด
29:20
โ€˜antennaโ€™ becomes โ€˜antennaeโ€™ โ€˜alumnaโ€™ โ€˜alumnaeโ€™ย 
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'antenna'๋Š” 'antennae' 'alumna' 'alumnae
29:30
Words ending in โ€˜usโ€™, us, will end in โ€˜iโ€™. โ€˜octopusโ€™ โ€˜octopiโ€™ย 
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' 'us'๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด, us๋Š” 'i'๋กœ ๋๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 'octopus' 'octopi'
29:40
โ€˜cactusโ€™ โ€˜cactiโ€™ Words ending in โ€˜isโ€™, will end in โ€˜esโ€™.ย 
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'cactus' 'cacti' 'is'๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” 'es'๋กœ ๋๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:50
โ€˜isโ€™ becomes โ€˜esโ€™. For example, โ€˜analysisโ€™ โ€˜analysesโ€™ย 
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'์ด๋‹ค'๋Š” '์—'๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด '๋ถ„์„' '๋ถ„์„'
29:58
โ€˜diagnosisโ€™ โ€˜diagnosesโ€™ And finally, words ending in โ€˜onโ€™, end in โ€˜aโ€™.ย 
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'์ง„๋‹จ' '์ง„๋‹จ' ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ 'on'์œผ๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” 'a'๋กœ ๋๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:08
โ€˜criterionโ€™ โ€˜criteriaโ€™ โ€˜phenomenonโ€™ โ€˜phenomenaโ€™ย 
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'๊ธฐ์ค€' '๊ธฐ์ค€' 'ํ˜„์ƒ' 'ํ˜„์ƒ'
30:17
These plural forms are very difficult, guys. Even native speakers make a lot of mistakes,ย ย 
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์ด ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์–ด๋ ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์ด๋ผ๋„ ์‹ค์ˆ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์œผ๋‹ˆ
30:24
so donโ€™t worry too much about them. I just wanted to give you a littleย ย 
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”. ์ €๋Š” ๋‹จ์ง€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ๋ผํ‹ด์–ด์™€ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค์–ด ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์˜ ๋ง›์„ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ์„ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
30:29
taste of Latin and Greek plurals. Letโ€™s move on to example sentences now.ย 
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. ์ด์ œ ์˜ˆ๋ฌธ์œผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:37
Ok, guys. I have a few example sentences for you.ย 
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์•Œ์•˜์–ด, ์–˜๋“ค์•„. ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ์‹œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:41
Itโ€™s a great opportunity to practiceย  saying irregular plural forms in English.ย 
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๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์„ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ข‹์€ ๊ธฐํšŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:48
Be very careful to useย  proper pronunciation as well.ย 
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์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ์—๋„ ๋งค์šฐ ์ฃผ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
30:52
Letโ€™s start. First,ย ย 
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์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์ž. ์ฒซ์งธ,
30:56
โ€˜my sister has one childโ€™ โ€˜myย  brother has two childrenโ€™.ย 
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'๋‚ด ์—ฌ๋™์ƒ์€ ์•„์ด๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค', '๋‚ด ๋™์ƒ์€ ์•„์ด๊ฐ€ ๋‘˜์ด๋‹ค'.
31:03
Repeat after me. โ€˜my sister has one childโ€™ย ย 
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๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์„ธ์š”. '๋‚ด ์—ฌ๋™์ƒ์€ ์•„์ด๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค'
31:11
โ€˜my brother has two childrenโ€™. Next.ย 
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'๋‚ด ๋™์ƒ์€ ์•„์ด๊ฐ€ ๋‘ ๋ช… ์žˆ๋‹ค'. ๋‹ค์Œ.
31:21
โ€˜Iโ€™m a quiet person, so Iย  donโ€™t talk to many people.โ€™ย 
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'๋‚˜๋Š” ์กฐ์šฉํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋ผ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ณผ ๋ง์„ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค.'
31:27
Please repeat after me. โ€˜Iโ€™m a quiet person,ย ย 
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์ €๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. '๋‚˜๋Š” ์กฐ์šฉํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋‹ค.
31:34
so I donโ€™t talk to many people.โ€™ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”.'
31:42
Good guys. Next sentence.ย 
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์ข‹์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค. ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ.
31:46
โ€˜Did you catch one fish or two fish at the lake?โ€™ย 
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'ํ˜ธ์ˆ˜์—์„œ ๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ ํ•œ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์žก์•˜๋‚˜์š”, ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋‘ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์žก์•˜๋‚˜์š”?'
31:53
Repeat after me, please. โ€˜Did you catch one fish or two fish at the lake?โ€™ย 
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์ œ ๋ง์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. 'ํ˜ธ์ˆ˜์—์„œ ๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ ํ•œ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์žก์•˜๋‚˜์š”, ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋‘ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์žก์•˜๋‚˜์š”?'
32:10
Very good. Next sentence.ย 
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๋งค์šฐ ์ข‹์€. ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ.
32:14
โ€˜I have one pair of glassesย  and two pairs of sunglasses.โ€™ย 
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'์ €๋Š” ์•ˆ๊ฒฝ ํ•œ ๊ฐœ์™€ ์„ ๊ธ€๋ผ์Šค ๋‘ ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.'
32:21
Repeat after me. โ€˜I have one pair of glassesย ย 
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๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์„ธ์š”. '์ €๋Š” ์•ˆ๊ฒฝ ํ•œ ๊ฐœ์™€
32:30
and two pairs of sunglasses.โ€™ย 
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์„ ๊ธ€๋ผ์Šค ๋‘ ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.'
32:38
Excellent, guys. And finally,ย 
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ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•ด์š”, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ,
32:42
โ€˜He has one cactus in his front yard,ย ย 
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'๊ทธ์˜ ์•ž๋งˆ๋‹น์—๋Š” ์„ ์ธ์žฅ์ด ํ•œ ๊ทธ๋ฃจ
33:00
but many cacti in his back yard.โ€™ Repeat after me.ย 
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์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋’ท๋งˆ๋‹น์—๋Š” ์„ ์ธ์žฅ์ด ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.' ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
33:03
โ€˜He has one cactus in his front yard,ย  but many cacti in his back yard.โ€™ย 
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'๊ทธ์˜ ์•ž๋งˆ๋‹น์—๋Š” ์„ ์ธ์žฅ์ด ํ•œ ๊ทธ๋ฃจ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋’ท๋งˆ๋‹น์—๋Š” ์„ ์ธ์žฅ์ด ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
33:05
Ok, students. I hope you repeated after me.ย 
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์•Œ์•˜์–ด, ํ•™์ƒ. ์ €๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์‹œ๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
33:07
And you practiced your pronunciation.ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฐœ์Œ ์—ฐ์Šต๋„ ํ•˜์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
33:08
I hope you now have a better understanding ofย ย 
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์ด์ œ ์˜์–ด์˜ ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•
33:11
irregular plural forms in English. There are many of them.
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์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ์ž˜ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์…จ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋“ค ์ค‘ ๋‹ค์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
33:15
Not many rules to follow. A lot of words to memorize.ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์•ผ ํ•  ๊ทœ์น™์€ ๋งŽ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™ธ์šธ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
33:19
But, Iโ€™m sure with a littleย  bit of practice, you can do it.ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์กฐ๊ธˆ๋งŒ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๋ฉด ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ™•์‹ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
33:25
Thank you for watching my video. Make sure you watch the otherย ย 
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์ œ ์˜์ƒ์„ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋ฅธ
33:28
videos as well. Thank you.ย 
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์˜์ƒ๋“ค๋„ ๊ผญ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
33:33
Thank you guys for watching my video. If youโ€™ve liked this video,ย ย 
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์ œ ์˜์ƒ์„ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์˜์ƒ์ด ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“œ์…จ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
33:37
please, show me your support. Click โ€˜like, subscribe to our channel,ย ย 
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์ €์—๊ฒŒ ์‘์›์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ์ข‹์•„์š”๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๊ณ , ์ฑ„๋„์„ ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜๊ณ ,
33:42
put your comments below, and share the video.ย 
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์•„๋ž˜์— ๋Œ“๊ธ€์„ ๋‹ฌ๊ณ , ์˜์ƒ์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
33:45
Thank you very much. See you.ย 
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๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ ๋ด์š”.
34:02
Hello guys, welcome back toย  this English course on nouns.ย 
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„, ๋ช…์‚ฌ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์˜์–ด ๊ฐ•์ขŒ์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:07
In todayโ€™s video, Iโ€™m going toย  tell you about compound nouns.ย 
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์˜์ƒ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ณตํ•ฉ๋ช…์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:12
They are very common in Englishย  and there are thousands of them.ย 
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์˜์–ด์—์„œ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ํ”ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ˆ˜์ฒœ ๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:16
You need to know about them. Letโ€™s get started.ย 
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ์•„์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์ž.
34:23
A compound noun is made up of two different words. So you take two words, you put them together,ย ย 
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๋ณตํ•ฉ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” ์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‘ ๋‹จ์–ด๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‘ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์กฐํ•ฉํ•˜์—ฌ
34:31
to create a new noun. Theyโ€™re usually quite easy to understand.ย 
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋งค์šฐ ์‰ฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:36
For example, โ€˜full moonโ€™.ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด '๋ณด๋ฆ„๋‹ฌ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:39
โ€˜Fullโ€™ is obviously theย  adjective describing the moon.ย 
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'๋ณด๋ฆ„'์€ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ๋‹ฌ์„ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:44
Letโ€™s take a look at other examples,ย  and how to create compound nouns.ย 
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ์™€ ๋ณตํ•ฉ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:50
Sometimes, compound nouns are a single noun. Like, โ€˜toothpasteโ€™.ย 
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๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ๋ณตํ•ฉ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‹จ์ผ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '์น˜์•ฝ' ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
34:57
Sometimes, theyโ€™re two or more words hyphenated. Such as โ€˜mother-in-lawโ€™.ย 
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๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ํ•˜์ดํ”ˆ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋œ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๋‹จ์–ด์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '์‹œ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ' ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
35:04
And sometimes, theyโ€™re twoย  separate words, like โ€˜ice creamโ€™.ย 
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๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” '์•„์ด์Šคํฌ๋ฆผ'์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ณ„๋„ ๋‹จ์–ด๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:09
Now, you have to be careful. Sometimes, you have a simpleย ย 
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์ด์ œ ์กฐ์‹ฌํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” 'a green house'์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ
35:14
adjective plus a noun like โ€˜a green houseโ€™. But you also have a compound noun which isย ย 
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์™€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์ง€๋‹Œ ๋ณตํ•ฉ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
35:22
a different meaning. โ€˜A greenhouseโ€™.ย 
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. '์˜จ์‹ค'.
35:24
Now, โ€˜a green houseโ€™, is a house which is green. But the compound noun, โ€˜a greenhouseโ€™,ย ย 
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์ด์ œ '๊ทธ๋ฆฐํ•˜์šฐ์Šค'๋Š” ์นœํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ ์ธ ์ง‘์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๋ณตํ•ฉ๋ช…์‚ฌ '์˜จ์‹ค'์€
35:34
is a place where you grow plants. Completely different meaning.ย 
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์‹๋ฌผ์„ ํ‚ค์šฐ๋Š” ๊ณณ์ด์—์š”. ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜๋ฏธ.
35:39
Ok, so you have to be careful. Stresses can help.ย 
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์•Œ์•˜์–ด, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์กฐ์‹ฌํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ด. ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค๊ฐ€ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:44
Usually the stress is on theย  first syllable in compound nouns.ย 
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณตํ•ฉ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์˜ ์ฒซ ์Œ์ ˆ์— ๊ฐ•์„ธ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:49
Ok, I hope you get it guys. Letโ€™s take a closer look now at compound nouns.ย 
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์–ป์œผ์‹œ๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ๋ณตํ•ฉ๋ช…์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:55
Ok, letโ€™s now take a look at the partsย  of speech that make up a compound noun.ย 
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์ž, ์ด์ œ ๋ณตํ•ฉ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ํ’ˆ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:02
We can have a noun and another noun. Like, โ€˜bedroomโ€™.ย 
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๋ช…์‚ฌ์™€ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '์นจ์‹ค' ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
36:08
We can also have a noun and a verb. Like, โ€˜haircutโ€™.ย 
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๋ช…์‚ฌ์™€ ๋™์‚ฌ๋„ ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '์ด๋ฐœ' ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
36:14
A noun and a preposition. Like, โ€˜passer-byโ€™.ย 
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๋ช…์‚ฌ์™€ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ. 'ํ–‰์ธ' ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
36:20
A verb and a noun. Like, โ€˜washing machineโ€™.ย 
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๋™์‚ฌ์™€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ. '์„ธํƒ๊ธฐ' ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
36:25
A verb and a preposition. Like, โ€˜drawbackโ€™.ย 
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๋™์‚ฌ์™€ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ. '๋‹จ์ ' ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
36:30
A preposition and a noun. Like, โ€˜undergroundโ€™.ย 
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์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์™€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ. '์ง€ํ•˜' ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
36:35
An adjective and a ver. Like, โ€˜dry-cleaningโ€™.ย 
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์™€ ver. '๋“œ๋ผ์ดํด๋ฆฌ๋‹' ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
36:39
An adjective and a noun. Like, โ€˜softwareโ€™.ย 
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์™€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ. '์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด' ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
36:44
Or a preposition and a verb. Like, โ€˜inputโ€™.ย 
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์™€ ๋™์‚ฌ. '์ž…๋ ฅ'๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:51
As you can see guys, there are so many waysย  to create compound nouns with different words.ย 
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๋ณด์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋กœ ๋ณตํ•ฉ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:57
Now letโ€™s get back to ourย  example for pronunciation.ย 
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์ด์ œ ๋ฐœ์Œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜ˆ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:01
Please repeat after me. Bedroomย 
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์ €๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ์นจ์‹ค
37:07
Bedroom Haircutย 
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์นจ์‹ค ์ด๋ฐœ
37:13
Haircut Passer-byย 
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์ด๋ฐœ ํ†ตํ–‰์ธ
37:20
Passer-by Washing machineย 
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ํ†ตํ–‰์ธ ์„ธํƒ๊ธฐ ์„ธํƒ๊ธฐ ๋‹จ์ 
37:26
Washing machine Drawbackย 
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๋‹จ์ 
37:33
Drawback Undergroundย 
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์ง€ํ•˜ ์ง€ํ•˜
37:40
Underground Dry-cleaningย 
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๋“œ๋ผ์ดํด๋ฆฌ๋‹
37:47
Dry-cleaning Softwareย 
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๋“œ๋ผ์ดํด๋ฆฌ๋‹ ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด
37:55
Software Inputย 
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์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด ์ž…๋ ฅ
38:02
Inputย 
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์ž…๋ ฅ
38:05
Good job guys. Now letโ€™s now move on to plural compound nouns.ย 
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์ž˜ํ–ˆ์–ด์š” ์–˜๋“ค์•„. ์ด์ œ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ ๋ณตํ•ฉ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:11
So when we want to make compound nounsย  plural, there are rules to follow.ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ณตํ•ฉ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ๋•Œ ๋”ฐ๋ผ์•ผ ํ•  ๊ทœ์น™์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:18
If you have a single word, you simply add an โ€˜sโ€™. But if you have separate words,ย ย 
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๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ 's'๋งŒ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ํ•˜์ดํ”ˆ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ ์—ฌ๋ถ€์— ๊ด€๊ณ„์—†์ด ๋ณ„๋„์˜ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
38:25
whether hyphenated or not, you willย  make the most significant word plural.ย 
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:33
Letโ€™s take a look at examples.ย 
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์˜ˆ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:36
โ€˜Newspaperโ€™ will simply be โ€˜newspapersโ€™. So I have man newspapers.ย 
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'์‹ ๋ฌธ'์€ ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ '์‹ ๋ฌธ'์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‚จ์ž ์‹ ๋ฌธ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:45
Swimming pool. Now, whatโ€™s the most significant word?ย 
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์ˆ˜์˜์žฅ. ์ž, ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
38:50
Well, it is โ€˜poolโ€™. So we will say, โ€˜there are two swimming poolsโ€™.ย 
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๋ฐ”๋กœ '์ˆ˜์˜์žฅ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” '์ˆ˜์˜์žฅ์ด ๋‘ ๊ฐœ ์žˆ๋‹ค'๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:57
You cannot say, โ€˜there are two swimmings pools.โ€™ No โ€˜sโ€™ at swimming.ย 
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'์ˆ˜์˜์žฅ์ด 2๊ฐœ ์žˆ๋‹ค'๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜์˜์—๋Š” 's'๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:05
Brother-in-law Whatโ€™s the most significant word?ย 
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ํ˜•๋‹˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
39:09
Well of course, it is โ€˜brotherโ€™. So you will say, โ€œI have two brothers-in-lawโ€.ย 
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๋ฌผ๋ก  'ํ˜•'์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ โ€œ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์ฒ˜๋‚จ์ด ๋‘ ๋ช… ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ€๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:18
And finally, โ€˜woman doctorโ€™. Now, whatโ€™s the most significant word?ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ '์—ฌ์˜์‚ฌ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž, ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
39:24
Actually, both words are significant. So we will both make them plural.ย 
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ๋‘ ๋‹จ์–ด ๋ชจ๋‘ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:32
Remember, the plural form of โ€˜womanโ€™ is โ€˜womenโ€™. So we will say, โ€œFour women doctors workย ย 
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'woman'์˜ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์€ 'women'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” โ€œ๋„ค ๋ช…์˜ ์—ฌ์„ฑ ์˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€
39:42
at the hospitalโ€. Letโ€™s work on pronunciation.ย 
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๋ณ‘์›์—์„œ ์ผํ•œ๋‹คโ€๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
39:45
Can you repeat after me, please. I have man newspapers.ย 
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์ œ ๋ง์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ง์”€ํ•ด ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‚จ์ž ์‹ ๋ฌธ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:54
I have man newspapers.ย 
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‚จ์ž ์‹ ๋ฌธ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:01
There are two swimming pools. There are two swimming pools.ย 
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์ˆ˜์˜์žฅ์€ 2๊ฐœ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜์˜์žฅ์€ 2๊ฐœ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:12
I have two brothers-in-law. I have two brothers-in-law.ย 
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‘ ๋ช…์˜ ์ฒ˜๋‚จ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‘ ๋ช…์˜ ์ฒ˜๋‚จ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:22
And finally, Four women doctors work at the hospital.ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ์ด ๋ณ‘์›์—๋Š” ๋„ค ๋ช…์˜ ์—ฌ์„ฑ ์˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทผ๋ฌดํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
40:30
Four women doctors work at the hospital.ย 
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4๋ช…์˜ ์—ฌ์„ฑ ์˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ณ‘์›์—์„œ ์ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:37
Good job guys. Now letโ€™s move on to practice.ย 
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์ž˜ํ–ˆ์–ด ์–˜๋“ค์•„. ์ด์ œ ์—ฐ์Šต์œผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด ๊ฐ‘์‹œ๋‹ค.
40:42
To practice, I have a few sentences. And I want you to tell me if we are usingย ย 
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์—ฐ์Šต์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ณตํ•ฉ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
40:47
compound nouns or not. Letโ€™s take a look.ย 
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. ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๋ณด์ž.
40:53
I want to drink some cold water. Is โ€˜cold waterโ€™ a compound noun?ย 
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์‹œ์›ํ•œ ๋ฌผ์„ ๋งˆ์‹œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ด์š”. '๋ƒ‰์ˆ˜'๋Š” ๋ณตํ•ฉ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
41:00
What do you think? It isnโ€™t.ย 
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋‚˜์š”? ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:04
โ€˜Coldโ€™ is a simply adjective describing the water.ย 
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'Cold'๋Š” ๋ฌผ์„ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:10
She has a new boy friend. Is boy friend a compound noun?ย 
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๊ทธ๋…€์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋‚จ์ž ์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚จ์ž์นœ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋ณตํ•ฉ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
41:17
Well, it isnโ€™t in this case. Heโ€™s your friend and heโ€™s a boy.ย 
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๋‹น์‹  ์นœ๊ตฌ์ด๊ณ  ๋‚จ์ž์•„์ด์˜ˆ์š”.
41:22
But the compound noun, โ€˜boyfriendโ€™, in oneย  word, exists and has a different meaning.ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ•œ ๋งˆ๋””๋กœ '๋‚จ์ž์นœ๊ตฌ'๋ผ๋Š” ๋ณตํ•ฉ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
41:29
Then, your boyfriend is more than a friend. Heโ€™s the boy youโ€™re having a relationship with.ย 
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋‚จ์ž์นœ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์นœ๊ตฌ ๊ทธ ์ด์ƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ๊ณผ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋งบ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์†Œ๋…„์ด์—์š”.
41:36
Other example. The blue bird was singing in the tree.ย 
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ. ํŒŒ๋ž‘์ƒˆ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜๋ฌด ์œ„์—์„œ ๋…ธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ๋ถ€๋ฅด๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
41:42
Is โ€˜blue birdโ€™ a compound noun? Not in this case.ย 
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'ํŒŒ๋ž‘์ƒˆ'๋Š” ๋ณตํ•ฉ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”? ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:48
Itโ€™s a simple bird and itโ€™s blue. But, the compound noun, โ€˜bluebirdโ€™,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ์ƒˆ์ด๊ณ  ํŒŒ๋ž€์ƒ‰์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜
41:53
in one word, exists. Itโ€™s a specific bird.ย 
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ํ•œ ๋งˆ๋””๋กœ 'ํŒŒ๋ž‘์ƒˆ'๋ผ๋Š” ๋ณตํ•ฉ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” ์กด์žฌํ•œ๋‹ค. ํŠน์ • ์ƒˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:59
Letโ€™s meet at the bus stop. Is โ€˜bus stopโ€™ a compound noun?ย 
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๋ฒ„์Šค ์ •๋ฅ˜์žฅ์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋‚˜์ž. '๋ฒ„์Šค ์ •๋ฅ˜์žฅ'์€ ๋ณตํ•ฉ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
42:06
What do you think? It is.ย 
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋‚˜์š”? ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€.
42:12
I have two alarms clock.ย 
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์•Œ๋žŒ์‹œ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
42:15
What about โ€˜alarms clockโ€™? Well, it is a compound noun,ย ย 
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'์•Œ๋žŒ์‹œ๊ณ„'๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๋ณตํ•ฉ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ธ๋ฐ
42:19
but there is a big mistake. Can you see it?ย 
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ํฐ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
42:24
Of course, the plural form. The plural form is not โ€˜alarms clockโ€™.ย 
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๋ฌผ๋ก , ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์€ '์•Œ๋žŒ์‹œ๊ณ„'๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
42:30
But, โ€˜alarm clocksโ€™. Because the most significant word is โ€˜clockโ€™.ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ '์•Œ๋žŒ์‹œ๊ณ„'. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” '์‹œ๊ณ„'์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
42:37
Ok guys, letโ€™s move on. Thank you for watching.ย 
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์ข‹์•„, ๊ณ„์†ํ•˜์ž. ์‹œ์ฒญ ํ•ด์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
42:40
I hope you better understand compoundย  nouns and how to create them.ย 
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๋ณตํ•ฉ๋ช…์‚ฌ์™€ ๊ทธ ์ƒ์„ฑ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋” ์ž˜ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
42:46
There are so many compoundย  nouns in the English language,ย ย 
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์˜์–ด์—๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ๋ณตํ•ฉ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
42:49
but they are usually very easy to understand.ย 
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๋Œ€๊ฐœ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ์‰ฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
42:53
And if youโ€™re not sure,ย  look it up in a dictionary.ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ž˜ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์œผ๋ฉด ์‚ฌ์ „์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
42:56
The dictionary will tell youย  if itโ€™s a compound noun or not.ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ณตํ•ฉ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ธ์ง€ ์•„๋‹Œ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์ „์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
43:01
Thank you for watching guys. And see you in the next videos.ย 
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์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์Œ ์˜์ƒ์—์„œ ๋ต™๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
43:07
Thank you for watching my video guys. If youโ€™ve liked it, please show me your support.ย 
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์ œ ์˜์ƒ์„ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„. ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“œ์…จ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ง€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
43:12
Click, โ€˜likeโ€™, subscribe to ourย  channel, put your comments below,ย ย 
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'์ข‹์•„์š”'๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๊ณ  ์ฑ„๋„์„ ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜๊ณ  ์•„๋ž˜์— ๋Œ“๊ธ€์„ ๋‹ฌ๊ณ 
43:17
and share the video. See you.ย 
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๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ๋˜ ๋ด์š”.
43:35
Hello, guys. Welcome back to this English course on nouns.ย 
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„. ๋ช…์‚ฌ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์˜์–ด ๊ฐ•์ขŒ์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
43:40
In this video, Iโ€™m going to tell youย  about countable and uncountable nouns.ย 
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์ด๋ฒˆ ์˜์ƒ์—์„œ๋Š” ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์™€ ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜์–ด์—์„œ
43:46
Itโ€™s very important to know theย  difference between countableย ย 
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์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์™€ ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ์•„๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
43:51
and uncountable nouns in English. And students often get confused.ย 
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. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์€ ์ข…์ข… ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฌ์›Œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
43:56
So please listen to me very carefully. Letโ€™s get started.ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ œ ๋ง์„ ์ž˜ ๋“ค์–ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์ž.
44:04
Countable nouns are nouns that you can count.ย 
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์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:09
Uncountable nouns are nouns that you canโ€™t count. Theyโ€™re usually a type or a group.ย 
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์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ํ˜• ๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฃน์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:16
And theyโ€™re always singular. Letโ€™s look at a few examples.ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ํŠน์ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:22
Countable nouns โ€“ you can say, โ€œa dog.โ€ You can say, โ€œone dog,โ€ โ€œtwoย ย 
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์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ โ€“ โ€œ๊ฐœโ€๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€œ๊ฐœ ํ•œ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌโ€, โ€œ๊ฐœ ๋‘ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌโ€, โ€œ๊ฐœ ์„ธ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌโ€ ๋“ฑ์„ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
44:39
dogs,โ€ โ€œthree dogs,โ€ and so on. โ€œMan.โ€ย 
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"๋‚จ์„ฑ."
44:40
You can say, โ€œa man.โ€ โ€œTwo men.โ€ย 
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"๋‚จ์ž"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๋‘ ๋‚จ์ž." "์•„์ด๋””์–ด." โ€œํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์•„์ด๋””์–ดโ€, โ€œ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์•„์ด๋””์–ดโ€ ๋“ฑ์„ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:41
โ€œIdea.โ€ You can say, โ€œone idea,โ€ โ€œtwo ideas,โ€ and so on.ย 
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44:41
โ€œComputer.โ€ Again, you can say, โ€œone computer, two computers.โ€ย 
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"์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ." ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, "์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ํ•œ ๋Œ€, ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ๋‘ ๋Œ€"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:46
And, โ€œhouse.โ€ Well, you can say, โ€œone house, two houses,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ , โ€œ์ง‘.โ€ ๊ธ€์Ž„, "ํ•œ ์ง‘, ๋‘ ์ง‘, ์„ธ ์ง‘" ๋“ฑ์„
44:52
three houses,โ€ and so on. These are countable nouns.ย 
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๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ด๋“ค์€ ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:56
You can count them. But if we look at uncountable nouns.ย 
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์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด์š”.
45:01
When you say, โ€œwater.โ€ You canโ€™t say, โ€œOne water, two waters.โ€ย 
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"๋ฌผ"์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด. โ€œ๋ฌผ ํ•˜๋‚˜, ๋ฌผ ๋‘ ๊ฐœโ€๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:07
It doesnโ€™t make any sense. You cannot count water.ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ง์ด ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌผ์€ ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:12
Same goes for air. You canโ€™t say, โ€œone air, two airs.โ€ย 
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๊ณต๊ธฐ๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋‹ค. "1๊ณต๊ธฐ, 2๊ณต๊ธฐ"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:17
Itโ€™s just โ€˜airโ€™. Itโ€™s uncountable.ย 
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๋ฐ”๋กœ '๊ณต๊ธฐ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์„ ๋งŒํผ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:21
โ€˜trafficโ€™ โ€˜Englishโ€™ย 
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'traffic' 'English'
45:24
โ€˜Equipmentโ€™ These are all uncountable nouns.ย 
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'Equipment' ๋ชจ๋‘ ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:28
You cannot count them And theyโ€™re always singular.ย 
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋‹จ์ˆ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:33
Okay, guys. Now, letโ€™s take a closer look at rules withย ย 
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์•Œ์•˜์–ด, ์–˜๋“ค์•„. ์ด์ œ ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์™€ ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ
45:38
countable nouns and uncountable nouns. So how do we know if a wordย ย 
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์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€
45:42
is countable or uncountable? Well there are a few tricks that can help.ย 
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์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š”์ง€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”? ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์š”๋ น์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:49
Letโ€™s look at these words. Some groups of words are very often uncountable.ย 
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์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋“ค์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ถ€ ๋‹จ์–ด ๊ทธ๋ฃน์€ ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:56
And this can help you. For example, liquids.ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์•ก์ฒด.
46:01
Water, juice, milk, beer. All those words are uncountable.ย 
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๋ฌผ, ์ฃผ์Šค, ์šฐ์œ , ๋งฅ์ฃผ. ๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋“ค์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์„ ์ •๋„๋กœ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
46:08
Powders. Sugar, flour, salt, rice.ย 
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๋ถ„๋ง. ์„คํƒ•, ๋ฐ€๊ฐ€๋ฃจ, ์†Œ๊ธˆ, ์Œ€.
46:14
Uncountable words as well. Materials. Such as wood, plastic, metal, or paper.ย 
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์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์žฌ๋ฃŒ. ๋ชฉ์žฌ, ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ, ๊ธˆ์†, ์ข…์ด ๋“ฑ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
46:24
Food as well. Like fruit, meat, cheese, and bread.ย 
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์Œ์‹๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณผ์ผ, ๊ณ ๊ธฐ, ์น˜์ฆˆ, ๋นต๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
46:31
And finally, abstract ideas. Like time, information, love, and beauty.ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ์ถ”์ƒ์ ์ธ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹œ๊ฐ„, ์ •๋ณด, ์‚ฌ๋ž‘, ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์›€๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
46:41
Another trick is that most of the time,ย  you can measure uncountable nouns.ย 
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋น„๊ฒฐ์€ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
46:49
Letโ€™s look at examples. For example, if we take liquids.ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์•ก์ฒด๋ฅผ ์„ญ์ทจํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
46:54
I have two liters of milk. Now, you cannot count milk.ย 
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์šฐ์œ  2๋ฆฌํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์šฐ์œ ๋Š” ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
47:01
But you can measure milk. And you can count liters.ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ์œ ๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฆฌํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์…€ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
47:05
So you can say, โ€œI have two liters of milk.โ€ You can say, โ€œI have a glass of water.โ€ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ โ€œ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์šฐ์œ  2๋ฆฌํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ€๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€œ๋ฌผ ํ•œ ์ž” ์žˆ์–ด์š”.โ€๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
47:14
Or โ€œI have glasses of water.โ€ โ€œCups of coffee.โ€ย 
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๋˜๋Š” โ€œ๋ฌผ์ž”์ด ์žˆ์–ด์š”.โ€ โ€œ์ปคํ”ผ ํ•œ์ž”.โ€
47:20
โ€œBottles of water.โ€ So you can measure this uncountable noun.ย 
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โ€œ๋ฌผ๋ณ‘.โ€ ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
47:26
Same goes with powders. โ€œI have one kilogram of sugar.โ€ย 
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๋ถ„๋ง๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€œ์ €๋Š” ์„คํƒ• 1kg์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ€
47:33
โ€œTwo kilograms of sugar.โ€ With materials and foods,ย ย 
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โ€œ์„คํƒ• 2kg์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ€ ์žฌ๋ฃŒ๋‚˜ ์Œ์‹์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ
47:38
we often use the word, โ€˜pieceโ€™. For example, โ€œI ate two pieces of cake.โ€ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” '์กฐ๊ฐ'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ž์ฃผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, โ€œ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ผ€์ดํฌ ๋‘ ์กฐ๊ฐ์„ ๋จน์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ€
47:46
Or bread. Or pizza.ย 
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋นต. ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ํ”ผ์ž.
47:48
Or meat. Or cheese.ย 
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๊ณ ๊ธฐ. ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์น˜์ฆˆ.
47:52
โ€œI need pieces of paper.โ€ Wood.ย 
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โ€œ์ข…์ด๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ด์š”.โ€ ๋ชฉ์žฌ.
47:56
Plastic. Metal.ย 
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ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ. ๊ธˆ์†.
47:59
Or โ€œI have some water.โ€ โ€˜Someโ€™ is an article that alwaysย ย 
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๋˜๋Š” โ€œ๋ฌผ์ด ์ข€ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.โ€ 'Some'์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ด€์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
48:06
works with uncountable nouns. Ok guys, I hope you understand.ย 
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. ์•Œ์•˜์–ด, ์ดํ•ดํ•ด์คฌ์œผ๋ฉด ์ข‹๊ฒ ์–ด.
48:11
Letโ€™s move on. Some words can be both countableย ย 
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๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ถ€ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ
48:16
and uncountable nouns. Now not all of them.ย 
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์™€ ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๋“ค ๋ชจ๋‘๋Š” ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
48:20
But some of them. Letโ€™s take a look.ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๋“ค ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š”. ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๋ณด์ž.
48:25
โ€œI would like to eat some cake.โ€ โ€œI would like two pieces of cake.โ€ย 
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โ€œ์ผ€์ดํฌ ์ข€ ๋จน๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ด์š”.โ€ โ€œ์ผ€์ดํฌ ๋‘ ์กฐ๊ฐ ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.โ€
48:32
So in these two sentences, โ€˜cakeโ€™ย  is obviously and uncountable noun.ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๋‘ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ 'cake'๋Š” ๋ช…๋ฐฑํ•˜๊ณ  ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
48:38
But if I say, โ€œI would like to eat two cakes.โ€ Suddenly, it becomes a countable noun.ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ โ€œ์ผ€์ดํฌ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ ๋จน๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ด์š”.โ€๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด. ๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
48:46
Why? Because in the first two sentences,ย ย 
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์™œ? ์ฒ˜์Œ ๋‘ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ๋Š”
48:50
we are talking about pieces of one cake. In the last sentence,ย ย 
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์ผ€์ดํฌ ์กฐ๊ฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ๋Š”
48:57
we are considering the whole cake. So it becomes countable.ย 
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์ผ€์ดํฌ ์ „์ฒด๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:04
Another example. โ€œI would like to eat some chicken.โ€ย 
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ์‹œ. โ€œ์น˜ํ‚จ์„ ๋จน๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ด์š”.โ€
49:09
โ€œI would like to eat a piece of chicken.โ€ Both sentences, uncountable noun, โ€˜chickenโ€™.ย 
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โ€œ์น˜ํ‚จ ํ•œ ์กฐ๊ฐ ๋จน๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ด์š”.โ€ ๋‘ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ '๋‹ญ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:17
But the last sentence, โ€œI see two chickens.โ€ Hmm, โ€˜chickenโ€™, in this case, is a countable noun.ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ โ€œ๋‹ญ ๋‘ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ , ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ 'chicken'์€ ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:26
Why? Becauseย ย 
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์™œ? ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด
49:28
in the first two sentences, โ€˜chickenโ€™ is food. But in the last sentence, โ€˜chickenโ€™ is an animal.ย 
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์ฒ˜์Œ ๋‘ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ '๋‹ญ'์€ ์Œ์‹์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ '๋‹ญ'์€ ๋™๋ฌผ์ด์—์š”.
49:38
So the animal is a countable noun. โ€˜Chickenโ€™ as food is uncountable.ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋™๋ฌผ์€ ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์Œ์‹์œผ๋กœ์„œ์˜ '๋‹ญ'์€ ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:44
Hope you get it. Letโ€™s move on to example sentences now.ย 
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์–ป๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์˜ˆ๋ฌธ์œผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:49
Letโ€™s now review a few exampleย  sentences, so you can practiceย ย 
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์ด์ œ ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์™€ ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
49:53
using countable and uncountable nouns. Please repeat after me.ย 
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. ์ €๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
50:06
And be careful to use proper pronunciation. Letโ€™s get started.ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋„๋ก ์ฃผ์˜ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์ž.
50:07
First sentence guys. โ€œI put one hundredย ย 
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€œ์ผ€์ดํฌ ์—ฌ์„ฏ ๊ฐœ์— ์–‘์ดˆ 100๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ์ผฐ์–ด์š”
50:18
candles on six cakes.โ€ Please repeat after me.ย 
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.โ€ ์ €๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
50:21
โ€œI put one hundred candles on six cakes.โ€ โ€œI put one hundred candles on six cakes.โ€ย 
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โ€œ์ผ€์ดํฌ ์—ฌ์„ฏ ๊ฐœ์— ์–‘์ดˆ 100๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ์ผฐ์–ด์š”.โ€ โ€œ์ผ€์ดํฌ ์—ฌ์„ฏ ๊ฐœ์— ์–‘์ดˆ 100๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ์ผฐ์–ด์š”.โ€
50:24
Good job. Second example.ย 
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์ž˜ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”. ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์˜ˆ.
50:28
โ€œI ate two pieces of cake.โ€ย 
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โ€œ์ผ€์ดํฌ ๋‘ ์กฐ๊ฐ์„ ๋จน์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ€
50:48
Please repeat after me. โ€œI ate two pieces of cake.โ€ย 
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์ €๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. โ€œ์ผ€์ดํฌ ๋‘ ์กฐ๊ฐ์„ ๋จน์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ€
50:57
โ€œI ate two pieces of cake.โ€ Next sentence.ย 
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50:57
โ€œI saw some trash on all the streets.โ€ Please repeat after me.ย 
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โ€œ์ผ€์ดํฌ ๋‘ ์กฐ๊ฐ์„ ๋จน์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ€ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ. โ€œ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ณณ๊ณณ์—์„œ ์“ฐ๋ ˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ดค์–ด์š”.โ€ ์ €๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
51:03
โ€œI saw some trash on all the streets.โ€ โ€œI saw some trash on all the streets.โ€ย 
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โ€œ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ณณ๊ณณ์—์„œ ์“ฐ๋ ˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ดค์–ด์š”.โ€ โ€œ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ณณ๊ณณ์—์„œ ์“ฐ๋ ˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ดค์–ด์š”.โ€
51:11
Very good. Next one.ย 
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๋งค์šฐ ์ข‹์€. ๋‹ค์Œ ๊ฒƒ.
51:14
โ€œI need to buy some milk andย  some butter from the market.โ€ย 
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โ€œ์‹œ์žฅ์—์„œ ์šฐ์œ ์™€ ๋ฒ„ํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ข€ ์‚ฌ์•ผ ํ•ด์š”.โ€
51:19
Please repeat after me.ย 
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์ €๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
51:22
โ€œI need to buy some milk andย  some butter from the market.โ€ย 
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โ€œ์‹œ์žฅ์—์„œ ์šฐ์œ ์™€ ๋ฒ„ํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ข€ ์‚ฌ์•ผ ํ•ด์š”.โ€
51:32
โ€œI need to buy some milk andย  some butter from the market.โ€ย 
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โ€œ์‹œ์žฅ์—์„œ ์šฐ์œ ์™€ ๋ฒ„ํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ข€ ์‚ฌ์•ผ ํ•ด์š”.โ€
51:42
And finally. โ€œTraffic and pollutionย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ. โ€œ๊ตํ†ต๊ณผ ์˜ค์—ผ์€
51:46
are problems in many cities.โ€ Repeat after me.ย 
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๋งŽ์€ ๋„์‹œ์—์„œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ€ ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
51:50
โ€œTraffic and pollution areย  problems in many cities.โ€ย 
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โ€œ๊ตํ†ต๊ณผ ์˜ค์—ผ์€ ๋งŽ์€ ๋„์‹œ์—์„œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ€
52:00
โ€œTraffic and pollution areย  problems in many cities.โ€ย 
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โ€œ๊ตํ†ต๊ณผ ์˜ค์—ผ์€ ๋งŽ์€ ๋„์‹œ์—์„œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ€
52:11
Good job guys. I hope you repeated afterย ย 
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์ž˜ํ–ˆ์–ด ์–˜๋“ค์•„. ์ €๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ด์„œ ๋ฐœ์Œ ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ํ•˜์‹œ๊ธธ
52:13
me and worked on your pronunciation. Thank you for watching this video.ย 
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๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ด ์˜์ƒ์„ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด ์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
52:15
I hope you now have a betterย  understanding of countableย ย 
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์ด์ œ ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์™€ ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ์ž˜ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์…จ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
52:19
and uncountable nouns. I know itโ€™s hard,ย ย 
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. ํž˜๋“  ๊ฑด ์•Œ์ง€๋งŒ
52:22
but donโ€™t worry, keep practicing. Practice makes perfect.ย 
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๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ง๊ณ  ๊ณ„์† ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๋ฉด ์™„๋ฒฝํ•ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
52:27
Thank you for watching my video andย  please watch the rest of the videos.ย 
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์ œ ์˜์ƒ์„ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ์˜์ƒ๋„ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
52:36
Thank you guys for watching my video. If you liked it, please show me yourย ย 
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์ œ ์˜์ƒ์„ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“œ์…จ๋‹ค๋ฉด
52:40
support by clicking โ€˜likeโ€™, by subscribingย  to the channel, by putting your commentsย ย 
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'์ข‹์•„์š”' ํด๋ฆญ, ์ฑ„๋„ ๊ตฌ๋…, ์•„๋ž˜ ๋Œ“๊ธ€ ๋‹ฌ๊ธฐ, ์ด ์˜์ƒ ๊ณต์œ ๋กœ ์‘์›์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”
52:45
below and sharing this video. Thank you very much and see you.ย 
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. ์ •๋ง ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ต™๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:07
Hello, guys. And welcome to this English course on adjectives.ย 
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„. ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์˜์–ด ๊ฐ•์ขŒ์— ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:12
In todayโ€™s video, Iโ€™m going to tell youย  everything there is to know about adjectives.ย 
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์˜์ƒ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•  ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:18
And what they are exactly. The best way to describeย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€. ์˜์–ด๋กœ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€
53:22
an adjective in English is to say that itโ€™s a word that describes or clarifies a noun.ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:30
It gives you information on people,ย  things, ideas, nouns, or pronouns.ย 
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ, ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ, ์•„์ด๋””์–ด, ๋ช…์‚ฌ ๋˜๋Š” ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:38
It is very important toย  understand what adjectives areย 
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์ดํ•ด
53:42
and to know how to use them. Because they are essential when you speak English.ย 
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•„๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ํ•  ๋•Œ ๊ผญ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:48
Letโ€™s get started.ย 
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์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์ž.
53:53
Adjectives give us so muchย  information about nouns.ย 
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งŽ์€ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:57
Letโ€™s, for example, take a common noun, โ€˜cupโ€™. And see how many ways thereย ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, '์ปต'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋ณดํ†ต๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ปต์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด
54:03
are in English to describe a cup using different kinds of adjectives.ย 
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๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€์ง€ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์„ธ์š” . ์–ด๋”” ๋ณด์ž.
54:08
Letโ€™s see. We can say,ย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” โ€œ์ •๋ง ์ข‹์€ ์ปต์ด๋‹คโ€๋ผ๊ณ 
54:12
โ€œItโ€™s a great cup.โ€ Just give your opinion.ย 
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๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
54:17
โ€œItโ€™s a big cup.โ€ Talkingย  about the size of the cup.ย 
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โ€œํฐ ์ปต์ด๊ตฐ์š”.โ€ ์ปต์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
54:21
If you want to talk about theย  shape of the cup you could say,ย 
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์ปต์˜ ๋ชจ์–‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด
54:25
โ€œItโ€™s a round cup.โ€ โ€œItโ€™s an old cup.โ€ย 
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โ€œ๋‘ฅ๊ทผ ์ปต์ด์—์š”.โ€๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€œ์˜ค๋ž˜๋œ ์ปต์ด๊ตฐ์š”.โ€
54:29
If you want to talk about age. Or if you want to say what colour it is,ย 
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๋‚˜์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด. ํ˜น์€ ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ƒ‰์ธ์ง€ ๋ฌป๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด
54:35
โ€œItโ€™s a white cup.โ€ Or talking about temperature,ย 
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โ€œํฐ์ƒ‰ ์ปต์ด์—์š”.โ€๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ๋˜๋Š” ์˜จ๋„์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋ฉด
54:39
โ€œItโ€™s a cold cup.โ€ โ€œItโ€™s a broken cup.โ€ If you make observations.ย 
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โ€œ์ฐจ๊ฐ€์šด ์ปต์ด์—์š”.โ€ โ€œ๊นจ์ง„ ์ปต์ด์—์š”.โ€ ๊ด€์ฐฐ์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด.
54:45
โ€œItโ€™s a Korean cup.โ€ Talking about origins. Or you can mention the material.ย 
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โ€œํ•œ๊ตญ ์ปต์ด์—์š”.โ€ ์œ ๋ž˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•ด๋„ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
54:51
โ€œItโ€™s a plastic cup.โ€ Or โ€œItโ€™s a coffee cup.โ€ย ย 
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โ€œํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ ์ปต์ด์—์š”.โ€ ๋˜๋Š” โ€œ์ปคํ”ผ์ž”์ด์—์š”.โ€
54:55
Talking about the purpose of the cup. Now โ€˜coffeeโ€™ as you know is a noun.ย 
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์ปต์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์•„์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ '์ปคํ”ผ'๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
55:01
But in this case, it can be used as an adjective. All these adjectives are places before the noun.ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋ช…์‚ฌ ์•ž์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
55:11
Letโ€™s learn more about adjectives. Adjectives can found before the noun.ย 
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์•Œ์•„๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ ์•ž์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
55:17
Itโ€™s called the attribute position. Or after the noun.ย 
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์ด๋ฅผ ์†์„ฑ ์œ„์น˜๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋ช…์‚ฌ ๋’ค์—.
55:22
Which is called the predicative position. And itโ€™s just as common.ย 
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์ด๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ์ธก์  ์œ„์น˜๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
55:28
Adjectives which are found after aย  verb, describe the subject of this verb.ย 
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๋™์‚ฌ ๋’ค์— ์˜ค๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ด ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ์ฃผ์–ด๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
55:35
Usually a noun or a pronoun. So if we take the sentence, โ€œThe girl is nice.โ€ย 
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ช…์‚ฌ ๋˜๋Š” ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ "๊ทธ ์—ฌ์ž๋Š” ์ฐฉํ•˜๋‹ค"๋ผ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์ทจํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด.
55:42
The adjective, โ€˜niceโ€™, refers to theย  subject of the sentence, โ€˜the girlโ€™.ย 
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ 'nice'๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ฃผ์–ด 'the girl'์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
55:49
But it is placed after the verb โ€˜to beโ€™. โ€œMy students are happy.โ€ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋™์‚ฌ 'to be' ๋’ค์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€œํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ํ–‰๋ณตํ•ด์š”.โ€
55:55
Same thing. The adjective, โ€˜happyโ€™, describesย ย 
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๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ. ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ 'ํ–‰๋ณตํ•˜๋‹ค'๋Š”
55:59
the subject of the sentence, โ€˜my studentsโ€™. But it is placed after the verb.ย 
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'๋‚˜์˜ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ฃผ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋™์‚ฌ ๋’ค์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
56:05
I hope you understand guys. Letโ€™s move on to practice now.ย 
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์ดํ•ดํ•ด ์ฃผ์‹œ๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
56:09
Letโ€™s now practice findingย  adjectives in a few sentences.ย 
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์ด์ œ ๋ช‡ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๋Š” ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
56:15
โ€œIโ€™m a tall woman.โ€ Can you see the adjective in this sentence?ย 
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โ€œ์ €๋Š” ํ‚ค๊ฐ€ ํฐ ์—ฌ์ž์˜ˆ์š”.โ€ ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์ด๋‚˜์š”?
56:22
I hope you can. The adjective is โ€˜tallโ€™.ย 
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” 'ํ‚ค๊ฐ€ ํฌ๋‹ค'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
56:26
It gives you the height of the woman.ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์—ฌ์ž์˜ ํ‚ค๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
56:29
โ€œIโ€™m a British woman.โ€ Now where is the adjective?ย 
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โ€œ์ €๋Š” ์˜๊ตญ ์—ฌ์ž์˜ˆ์š”.โ€ ์ด์ œ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์–ด๋””์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
56:35
The adjective is โ€˜Britishโ€™. Gives you the origins of this woman.ย 
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” '์˜๊ตญ์ธ'์ด๋‹ค. ์ด ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ๊ธฐ์›์„ ์•Œ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
56:41
โ€œI have blonde hair.โ€ Now whatโ€™s the adjective in this sentence?ย 
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โ€œ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ธˆ๋ฐœ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.โ€ ์ด์ œ ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
56:47
Of course guys, it is โ€˜blondeโ€™. It gives you the color of the hair.ย 
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๋ฌผ๋ก ์ด์ฃ  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ '๊ธˆ๋ฐœ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋จธ๋ฆฌ์นด๋ฝ์˜ ์ƒ‰๊น”์„ ์•Œ๋ ค์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
56:53
โ€œMy eyes are blue.โ€ Now thatโ€™s a different sentence.ย 
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"๋‚ด๋ˆˆ์€ ํŒŒ๋ž˜." ์ด์ œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
56:57
Can you spot the adjective? The adjective is โ€˜blue.ย 
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”? ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” 'ํŒŒ๋ž€์ƒ‰'์ด๋‹ค.
57:05
Whatโ€™s blue? My eyes.ย 
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ํŒŒ๋ž€์ƒ‰์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๋‚ด ๋ˆˆ.
57:07
โ€˜My eyesโ€™ is the subject of the sentence and the adjective is โ€˜blueโ€™.ย 
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'๋‚ด ๋ˆˆ'์€ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ฃผ์–ด์ด๊ณ  ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” 'blue'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
57:13
โ€œIโ€™m nice.โ€ Again, can you spot the adjective?ย 
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โ€œ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์•„์š”.โ€ ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ, ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
57:19
Itโ€™s โ€˜niceโ€™. Okay?ย 
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'์ข‹๋‹ค'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”?
57:22
And finally, โ€œThe weather is cold.โ€ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ โ€œ๋‚ ์”จ๊ฐ€ ์ถฅ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ€
57:26
Whatโ€™s the adjective?ย 
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
57:28
Where is it? Can you see it?ย 
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์–ด๋””์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
57:31
The adjective is โ€˜coldโ€™. Whatโ€™s cold?ย 
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” '์ถฅ๋‹ค'์ด๋‹ค. ๋ญ๊ฐ€ ์ถ”์›Œ?
57:34
The weather. โ€˜The weatherโ€™ is theย ย 
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๋‚ ์”จ. '๋‚ ์”จ'๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ์–ด์ด๊ณ 
57:36
subject and the adjective is โ€˜coldโ€™. Now in the first three sentences,ย ย 
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” '์ถฅ๋‹ค'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์ฒ˜์Œ ์„ธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ๋Š”
57:42
itโ€™s the attribute position. Remember?ย 
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์†์„ฑ ์œ„์น˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๋‹ค?
57:45
The adjective comes before the noun. And in the last three sentences, itโ€™sย ย 
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ ์•ž์— ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์„ธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ๋Š”
57:52
the predicative position. Remember?ย 
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์„œ์ˆ ์  ์œ„์น˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๋‹ค?
57:55
The adjective comes after the noun. And in this case, after the verb โ€˜to beโ€™.ย 
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ ๋’ค์— ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” 'to be' ๋™์‚ฌ ๋’ค์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
58:03
I hope you understand this.ย 
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
58:06
Good job. Okay, guys.ย 
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์ž˜ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”. ์•Œ์•˜์–ด, ์–˜๋“ค์•„.
58:07
Letโ€™s go through the sentences again. This time focusing on pronunciation.ย 
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58:07
Itโ€™s very important that youย  repeat the sentences after meย 
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58:07
to practice saying these adjectives in a sentence. Okay, letโ€™s get started.ย 
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฒˆ์—๋Š” ๋ฐœ์Œ์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด
์ €๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ข‹์•„์š”, ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
58:10
โ€œIโ€™m a tall woman.โ€ Can you repeat after me?ย 
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โ€œ์ €๋Š” ํ‚ค๊ฐ€ ํฐ ์—ฌ์ž์˜ˆ์š”.โ€ ์ œ ๋ง์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ง์”€ํ•ด ์ฃผ์‹œ๊ฒ ์–ด์š”?
58:15
Twice. First, โ€œIโ€™mย ย 
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๋‘ ๋ฐฐ. ์ฒซ์งธ, โ€œ์ €๋Š”
58:26
a tall woman.โ€ โ€œIโ€™m a tall woman.โ€ย 
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ํ‚ค๊ฐ€ ํฐ ์—ฌ์ž์˜ˆ์š”.โ€ โ€œ์ €๋Š” ํ‚ค๊ฐ€ ํฐ ์—ฌ์ž์˜ˆ์š”.โ€
58:31
Very good. Moving on.ย 
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๋งค์šฐ ์ข‹์€. ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ.
58:34
โ€œIโ€™m a British woman.โ€ Repeat after me.ย 
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โ€œ์ €๋Š” ์˜๊ตญ ์—ฌ์ž์˜ˆ์š”.โ€ ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
58:50
โ€œIโ€™m a British woman.โ€ โ€œIโ€™m a British woman.โ€ย 
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โ€œ์ €๋Š” ์˜๊ตญ ์—ฌ์ž์˜ˆ์š”.โ€ โ€œ์ €๋Š” ์˜๊ตญ ์—ฌ์ž์˜ˆ์š”.โ€
58:54
Good. Third sentenceย 
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์ข‹์€. ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ
58:57
โ€œI have blonde hair.โ€ So repeat after meย ย 
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โ€œ์ €๋Š” ๊ธˆ๋ฐœ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ์˜ˆ์š”.โ€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ œ ๋ง์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”
59:00
please. โ€œIย ย 
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. โ€œ๋‚˜๋Š”
59:11
have blonde hair.โ€ โ€œI have blonde hair.โ€ย 
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๊ธˆ๋ฐœ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.โ€ โ€œ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ธˆ๋ฐœ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.โ€
59:17
Very good. โ€œMy eyes are blue.โ€ย 
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๋งค์šฐ ์ข‹์€. "๋‚ด๋ˆˆ์€ ํŒŒ๋ž˜."
59:41
Repeat after me. โ€œMy eyes are blue.โ€ย 
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๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์„ธ์š”. "๋‚ด๋ˆˆ์€ ํŒŒ๋ž˜."
59:43
โ€œMy eyes are blue.โ€ Next one.ย 
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59:43
โ€œIโ€™m nice.โ€ Repeat after me.ย 
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"๋‚ด๋ˆˆ์€ ํŒŒ๋ž˜." ๋‹ค์Œ ๊ฒƒ.
โ€œ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์•„์š”.โ€ ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
59:49
โ€œIโ€™m nice.โ€ โ€œIโ€™m nice.โ€ย 
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โ€œ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์•„์š”.โ€ โ€œ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์•„์š”.โ€
59:53
Good job. And finally,ย 
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์ž˜ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ
59:56
โ€œThe weather is cold.โ€ Please repeat.ย 
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โ€œ๋‚ ์”จ๊ฐ€ ์ถฅ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ€ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
60:09
โ€œThe weather is cold.โ€ โ€œThe weather is cold.โ€ย 
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"๋‚ ์”จ๊ฐ€ ์ถ”์›Œ." "๋‚ ์”จ๊ฐ€ ์ถ”์›Œ."
60:13
Excellent job, guys. Ok, guys. Thank you for watching this video.ย 
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์ •๋ง ์ž˜ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„. ์•Œ์•˜์–ด, ์–˜๋“ค์•„. ์ด ์˜์ƒ์„ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด ์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
60:18
I hope you now understand what adjectives are and how to use them in English.ย 
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์ด์ œ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€, ์˜์–ด๋กœ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์‹œ๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
60:24
Please be sure to watch my next videoย  as I continue talking about adjectives.ย 
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๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ์˜ˆ์ •์ด๋‹ˆ ๋‹ค์Œ ์˜์ƒ๋„ ๊ผญ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
60:32
Thank you guys for watching my video. If you like it, please show us your support.ย 
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์ œ ์˜์ƒ์„ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“œ์‹ ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ง€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
60:38
Click on โ€˜likeโ€™, subscribe to out channel,ย  comment below, and share the video.ย 
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'์ข‹์•„์š”'๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๊ณ , ์•„์›ƒ ์ฑ„๋„์„ ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜๊ณ , ์•„๋ž˜์— ๋Œ“๊ธ€์„ ๋‹ฌ๊ณ , ์˜์ƒ์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
60:42
Thank you. See you.ย 
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ ๋ด์š”.
61:00
Hello, guys.ย 
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„.
61:01
Welcome to this English course on adjectives. In todayโ€™s video, Iโ€™m going to talk aboutย ย 
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์˜์–ด ๊ฐ•์ขŒ์— ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์˜์ƒ์—์„œ๋Š”
61:07
prefixes and suffixes that are commonlyย  added to adjectives in English.ย 
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์˜์–ด์—์„œ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์— ํ”ํžˆ ๋ถ™์ด๋Š” ์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ์™€ ์ ‘๋ฏธ์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
61:14
A prefix is a few letters added to a beginningย  of a word to change the meaning of that word.ย 
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. ์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ๋Š” ํ•ด๋‹น ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‹จ์–ด ์‹œ์ž‘ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋˜๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๊ธ€์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
61:23
And a suffix is a few letters added toย  the end of the word to change the meaning.ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ ‘๋ฏธ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‹จ์–ด ๋์— ๋ช‡ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ž๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
61:30
Weโ€™ll get more into detail. Letโ€™s get started.ย 
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์ข€ ๋” ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์ž.
61:36
Letโ€™s take a look at a fewย  adjectives with prefixes.ย 
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์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
61:40
Again a โ€˜prefixโ€™ is a few letters addedย  to the beginning of the adjective.ย 
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์—ญ์‹œ '์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ'๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์˜ ์‹œ์ž‘ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋˜๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๊ธ€์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
61:46
Mostly to make it negative. Letโ€™s take a look at a few examples.ย 
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
61:52
First we have the prefix โ€˜unโ€™. U, n. For example, if we take the word, โ€˜fairโ€™, andย ย 
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๋จผ์ € ์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ 'un'์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์œ , ์—”. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด 'fair'๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ
62:01
want to make it negative, we can add u โ€“ n to haveย  the word โ€˜unfairโ€™ which is the opposite of fair.ย 
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๋ถ€์ •์–ด๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด u โ€“ n์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜์—ฌ fair์˜ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์ธ 'unfair'๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
62:10
Same goes for โ€˜happyโ€™. โ€˜unhappyโ€™ย 
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'ํ–‰๋ณตํ•˜๋‹ค'๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋‹ค. '๋ถˆํ–‰ํ•˜๋‹ค'
62:15
โ€˜sureโ€™ become โ€˜unsureโ€™.ย 
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'ํ™•์‹คํ•˜๋‹ค'๋Š” 'ํ™•์‹คํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค'๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
62:19
Another prefix is i โ€“n , โ€˜inโ€™. To make the adjective negative, again,ย 
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ๋Š” i โ€“n, 'in'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์ •์–ด๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค๋ ค๋ฉด ๋‹ค์‹œ
62:26
For example, โ€˜activeโ€™ โ€“ โ€˜inactiveโ€™. โ€˜appropriateโ€™ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด 'ํ™œ์„ฑ' โ€“ '๋น„ํ™œ์„ฑ'์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '์ ์ ˆํ•œ'
62:33
โ€™inappropriateโ€™ โ€˜completeโ€™ย 
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'๋ถ€์ ์ ˆํ•œ' '์™„์ „ํ•œ'
62:37
โ€˜incompleteโ€™ The prefix i โ€“r now, โ€˜irโ€™.ย 
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'๋ถˆ์™„์ „ํ•œ' ์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ i โ€“r์€ ์ด์ œ 'ir'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
62:45
For example, โ€˜responsibleโ€™ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, '์ฑ…์ž„๊ฐ ์žˆ๋Š”'
62:48
โ€˜irresponsibleโ€™ โ€˜regularโ€™ย 
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'๋ฌด์ฑ…์ž„ํ•œ' '์ผ๋ฐ˜'
62:52
โ€˜irregularโ€™ โ€˜rationalโ€™ย 
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'๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ํ•œ' 'ํ•ฉ๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ'
62:57
โ€˜irrationalโ€™ย 
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'๋น„ํ•ฉ๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ'
63:00
Then we have the prefix i โ€“m, โ€˜imโ€™. For example,ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ i โ€“m, 'im'์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด
63:05
โ€˜balanceโ€™ โ€˜imbalanceโ€™ย 
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'๊ท ํ˜•' '๋ถˆ๊ท ํ˜•'
63:09
โ€˜politeโ€™ โ€˜impoliteโ€™ย 
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'์˜ˆ์˜๋ฐ”๋ฅด๋‹ค' '๋ฌด๋ก€ํ•˜๋‹ค'
63:12
โ€˜possibleโ€™ โ€˜impossibleโ€™ย 
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'๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค' '๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค'
63:17
And finally, the prefix, โ€˜ilโ€™. I โ€“ l.ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ '์ผ'. ๋‚˜-์—˜.
63:22
Like, โ€˜legalโ€™ โ€˜illegalโ€™ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, 'ํ•ฉ๋ฒ•์ ' '๋ถˆ๋ฒ•' '
63:27
โ€˜literateโ€™ โ€˜illiterateโ€™ย 
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๊ธ€์„ ์ฝ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค' '๋ฌธ๋งน'
63:31
โ€˜logicalโ€™ โ€˜illogicalโ€™ย 
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'๋…ผ๋ฆฌ์ ' '๋น„๋…ผ๋ฆฌ์ '
63:37
These are just a few examples, guys. There are so many other prefixes in English.ย 
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์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜์–ด์—๋Š” ์ด ์™ธ์—๋„ ๋งŽ์€ ์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
63:43
But I hope you now have a better understanding.ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด์ œ ๋” ์ž˜ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์…จ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
63:46
Letโ€™s move on. Letโ€™s now talk about suffixes.ย 
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๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์ ‘๋ฏธ์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
63:50
In English, you can add a few letters to aย  noun or a verb to make it into an adjective.ย 
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์˜์–ด์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋‚˜ ๋™์‚ฌ์— ๋ช‡ ๊ธ€์ž๋ฅผ ๋”ํ•ด ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
63:58
Not necessarily a negative adjective. Itโ€™s not like prefixes.ย 
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๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ์™€๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
64:03
There are so many suffixes in English,ย  but here is a list of very common ones.ย 
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์˜์–ด์—๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๋งŽ์€ ์ ‘๋ฏธ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์ ‘๋ฏธ์‚ฌ์˜ ๋ชฉ๋ก์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
64:10
We can find a suffix โ€˜ableโ€™. Like, โ€˜adorableโ€™.ย 
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์ ‘๋ฏธ์‚ฌ 'able'์„ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '๊ท€์—ฝ๋‹ค' ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
64:14
โ€˜comfortableโ€™ Also the suffixย ย 
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'comfortable' ๋˜ํ•œ ์ ‘๋ฏธ์‚ฌ
64:18
โ€˜enโ€™, e โ€“ n. Like, โ€˜brokenโ€™.ย 
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'en', e โ€“ n. ๋งˆ์น˜ '๋ถ€๋Ÿฌ์ง„' ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์€.
64:22
โ€˜goldenโ€™ โ€˜eseโ€™ย 
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'ํ™ฉ๊ธˆ' 'ese'
64:25
Like, โ€˜Chineseโ€™. โ€˜Japaneseโ€™ย 
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'์ค‘๊ตญ์–ด' ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ . '์ผ๋ณธ์–ด'
64:29
โ€˜fulโ€™ Like, โ€˜wonderfulโ€™.ย 
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'full' '๋ฉ‹์ง€๋‹ค' ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
64:32
โ€˜powerfulโ€™ โ€˜ativeโ€™ย 
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'๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ' '์ง„๋™์ ์ธ'
64:36
Like, โ€˜informativeโ€™. โ€˜talkativeโ€™ย 
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'์œ ์ตํ•œ' ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ . '์ˆ˜๋‹ค์Ÿ์ด'
64:40
โ€˜ousโ€™ โ€˜dangerousโ€™ย 
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'์šฐ๋ฆฌ' '์œ„ํ—˜ํ•œ'
64:43
โ€˜enormousโ€™ Or โ€˜someโ€™.ย 
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'์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ' ๋˜๋Š” '์–ด๋–ค'.
64:46
Like, โ€˜awesomeโ€™. โ€˜handsomeโ€™ย 
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'๋Œ€๋ฐ•' ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ . '์ž˜์ƒ๊ธด'
64:51
Again, these are just a few examples. There are so many suffixes.ย 
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ ‘๋ฏธ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
64:56
But I hope you now have a good ideaย  of how to use suffixes in English.ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด์ œ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ ์ ‘๋ฏธ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ข‹์€ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€์…จ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
65:02
Letโ€™s now move on to practice.ย 
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์ด์ œ ์—ฐ์Šต์œผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด ๊ฐ‘์‹œ๋‹ค.
65:04
Okay, guys. Letโ€™s practice findingย ย 
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์•Œ์•˜์–ด, ์–˜๋“ค์•„. ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ
65:07
adjectives in the following sentences. And prefixes or suffixes.ย 
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์ฐพ๋Š” ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š” . ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ ๋˜๋Š” ์ ‘๋ฏธ์‚ฌ.
65:14
Letโ€™s have a look. โ€œI have an uncomfortable seat.โ€ย 
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ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์ž. โ€œ์ขŒ์„์ด ๋ถˆํŽธํ•ด์š”.โ€
65:20
Now, can you spot the adjective, first? Of course, the adjective here is โ€˜uncomfortableโ€™.ย 
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์ž, ๋จผ์ € ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”? ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” '๋ถˆํŽธํ•˜๋‹ค'์ด๋‹ค.
65:28
Can you see any prefix or suffix?ย 
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์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ๋‚˜ ์ ‘๋ฏธ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์ด์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
65:32
I do. There is a prefix, which is โ€˜unโ€™.ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์š”. 'un'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
65:37
And there is a suffix as well. The suffix, โ€˜ableโ€™.ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ ‘๋ฏธ์‚ฌ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ ‘๋ฏธ์‚ฌ 'ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค'.
65:41
Okay, so look at how we transformed the word. The first word was โ€˜comfortโ€™ in English.ย 
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ณ€ํ˜•์‹œ์ผฐ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ์˜์–ด๋กœ 'comfort'์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
65:49
First, we added a suffix to make it intoย  an adjective, which is โ€˜comfortableโ€™.ย 
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๋จผ์ € 'ํŽธ์•ˆํ•˜๋‹ค'๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์˜ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ ‘๋ฏธ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ถ™์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
65:56
And then we added a prefix,ย  โ€˜unโ€™, to make it negative.ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ถ€์ •๋ฌธ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ 'un'์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
66:01
So the seat is not comfortable,ย  it is uncomfortable.ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ž๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํŽธํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ , ๋ถˆํŽธํ•ด์š”.
66:06
Thatโ€™s how prefixes andย  suffixes can be used in English.ย 
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์˜์–ด์—์„œ ์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ์™€ ์ ‘๋ฏธ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
66:11
The second sentence, โ€œShe has a black car.โ€ Can you spot the adjective, first.ย 
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ โ€œ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ฒ€์€์ƒ‰ ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.โ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋จผ์ € ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
66:19
Of course, itโ€™s the adjective โ€˜blackโ€™. Is there a suffix or a prefix?ย 
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ '๊ฒ€์€์ƒ‰'์ด๋‹ค. ์ ‘๋ฏธ์‚ฌ๋‚˜ ์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
66:26
No, there isnโ€™t. Next sentence.ย 
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์•„๋‹ˆ์š”, ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ.
66:30
โ€œHis father was unhelpful.โ€ Whatโ€™s the adjective?ย 
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โ€œ๊ทธ์˜ ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๋Š” ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”.โ€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
66:36
โ€˜unhelpfulโ€™ Of course.ย 
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'๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค' ๋ฌผ๋ก ์ด์ฃ .
66:39
Any prefix, suffix? Yes, there is a prefix.ย 
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์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ, ์ ‘๋ฏธ์‚ฌ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”? ์˜ˆ, ์ ‘๋‘์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
66:45
Again, which is โ€˜unโ€™. To make the adjective negative.ย 
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, 'un'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค๋ ค๋ฉด.
66:49
And there is a suffix, โ€˜fulโ€™. To make the noun โ€˜helpโ€™ into an adjective.ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ ‘๋ฏธ์‚ฌ 'ful'์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 'help'๋ผ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค๋‹ค.
66:56
โ€˜unhelpfulโ€™ Next sentence.ย 
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'๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค' ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
67:00
โ€œThe actor is handsome.โ€ The adjective, of course, is โ€˜handsomeโ€™.ย 
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โ€œ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ‹์žˆ์–ด์š”.โ€ ๋ฌผ๋ก  ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” '์ž˜์ƒ๊ฒผ๋‹ค'์ด๋‹ค.
67:08
Is there a prefix? No, there isnโ€™t. Is there a suffix?ย 
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์ ‘๋‘์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”? ์•„๋‹ˆ์š”, ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ ‘๋ฏธ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
67:14
Of course, โ€˜someโ€™. โ€˜handsomeโ€™ย 
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๋ฌผ๋ก  '์ผ๋ถ€'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '์ž˜์ƒ๊ฒผ๋‹ค'
67:19
โ€œI hate oily food.โ€ The adjective is โ€˜oilyโ€™.ย 
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'๊ธฐ๋ฆ„์ง„ ์Œ์‹์€ ์‹ซ์–ด์š”.' ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” '๊ธฐ๋ฆ„์ง„'์ด๋‹ค.
67:26
Of course. Is there a prefix?ย 
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๋ฌผ๋ก . ์ ‘๋‘์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
67:29
There isnโ€™t.
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์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
67:31
Is there a suffix?ย 
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์ ‘๋ฏธ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
67:33
Of course. The โ€˜yโ€™ is a suffix.ย 
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๋ฌผ๋ก . 'y'๋Š” ์ ‘๋ฏธ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
67:37
You have the word, the noun, โ€˜oilโ€™. And to make it into an adjective youย ย 
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'๊ธฐ๋ฆ„'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค๋ ค๋ฉด
67:41
add the suffix โ€˜yโ€™. And finally,ย 
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์ ‘๋ฏธ์‚ฌ 'y'๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ
67:45
โ€œShe is a dishonest woman.โ€ The adjective is โ€˜dishonestโ€™, of course.ย 
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โ€œ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๋ถ€์ •์งํ•œ ์—ฌ์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ€ ๋ฌผ๋ก  ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” '๋ถ€์ •์งํ•˜๋‹ค'์ด๋‹ค.
67:53
Do you have a prefix? We do. Yes.ย 
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ํ”„๋ฆฌํ”ฝ์Šค๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”? ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ.
67:56
We have the prefix, โ€˜disโ€™. It shows this womanย ย 
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์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ 'dis'๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด ์—ฌ์ž๊ฐ€
68:00
is not honest, she is dishonest. Okay, so thatโ€™s how with prefixes and suffixesย ย 
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์ •์งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๋ถ€์ •์งํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”, ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ์™€ ์ ‘๋ฏธ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ
68:08
we can really transform words in English. Itโ€™s wonderful isnโ€™t it?ย 
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์˜์–ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ •๋ง ๋ฉ‹์ง€์ง€ ์•Š๋‚˜์š”?
68:14
There are thousands of prefixes and suffixes. Again, these are just a few examples.ย 
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์ˆ˜์ฒœ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ์™€ ์ ‘๋ฏธ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ด๋Š” ๋‹จ์ง€ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
68:19
But I hope you now understand how it works inย  English and how you can really transform and playย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด์ œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์˜์–ด์—์„œ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด์™€ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ
68:25
with the different words and kinds of words. Okay, guys. Letโ€™s now review the sentencesย ย 
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๋ณ€ํ˜•ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ๋†€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์•Œ์•˜์–ด, ์–˜๋“ค์•„. ์ด์ œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„
68:28
together and focus on pronunciation. Repeat after me, please.ย 
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ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ณต์Šตํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฐœ์Œ์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. ์ œ ๋ง์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
68:31
โ€œI have an uncomfortable seat.โ€ โ€œI have an uncomfortable seat.โ€ย 
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โ€œ์ขŒ์„์ด ๋ถˆํŽธํ•ด์š”.โ€ โ€œ์ขŒ์„์ด ๋ถˆํŽธํ•ด์š”.โ€
68:47
Good job. Second sentence.ย 
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์ž˜ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”. ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ.
68:51
โ€œShe has a black car.โ€ย 
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โ€œ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๊ฒ€์€์ƒ‰ ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.โ€
68:58
โ€œShe has a black car.โ€ย 
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โ€œ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๊ฒ€์€์ƒ‰ ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.โ€
69:04
Good. Keep repeating.ย 
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์ข‹์€. ๊ณ„์† ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
69:06
โ€œHis father was unhelpful.โ€ โ€œHis father was unhelpful.โ€ย 
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โ€œ๊ทธ์˜ ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๋Š” ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”.โ€ โ€œ๊ทธ์˜ ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๋Š” ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”.โ€
69:26
โ€œThe actor is handsome.โ€ โ€œThe actor is handsome.โ€ย 
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โ€œ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ‹์žˆ์–ด์š”.โ€ โ€œ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ‹์žˆ์–ด์š”.โ€
69:32
Good. Moving on.ย 
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์ข‹์€. ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ.
69:34
โ€œI hate oily food.โ€ โ€œI hate oily food.โ€ย 
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โ€œ์ €๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ฆ„์ง„ ์Œ์‹์„ ์‹ซ์–ดํ•ด์š”.โ€ โ€œ์ €๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ฆ„์ง„ ์Œ์‹์„ ์‹ซ์–ดํ•ด์š”.โ€
69:47
And finally. โ€œShe is a dishonest woman.โ€ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ. โ€œ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๋ถ€์ •์งํ•œ ์—ฌ์ž์˜ˆ์š”.โ€
69:55
โ€œShe is a dishonest woman.โ€ Excellent guys.ย 
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โ€œ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๋ถ€์ •์งํ•œ ์—ฌ์ž์˜ˆ์š”.โ€ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•ด์š”.
70:04
Okay, guys. Thank you for watching this video.ย 
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์•Œ์•˜์–ด, ์–˜๋“ค์•„. ์ด ์˜์ƒ์„ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด ์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
70:06
I hoped this helped you understand a bitย  more about prefixes and suffixes in English.ย 
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์˜์–ด์˜ ์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ์™€ ์ ‘๋ฏธ์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ข€ ๋” ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
70:12
Keep practicing. It takes practice to get better identifyingย ย 
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๊ณ„์† ์—ฐ์Šต ํ•ด. ์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ์™€ ์ ‘๋ฏธ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋” ์ž˜ ์‹๋ณ„ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ์—ฐ์Šต์ด ํ•„์š”
70:17
prefixes and suffixes, but Iโ€™m sure you can do it. Make sure you watch the video as I continueย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ™•์‹ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
70:24
talking about adjectives in English. Thank you.ย 
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๊ณ„์† ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ ์˜์ƒ์„ ๊ผญ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•˜์„ธ์š” . ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
70:31
Thank you guys for watching my video. I hoped this help you.ย 
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์ œ ์˜์ƒ์„ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
70:36
If you liked the video,ย  please show me your support.ย 
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์˜์ƒ์ด ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“œ์…จ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์‘์› ๋ถ€ํƒ๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
70:39
Click โ€˜likeโ€™, subscribe to the channel, putย  your comments below if you have some, andย ย 
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'์ข‹์•„์š”'๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๊ณ , ์ฑ„๋„์„ ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜๊ณ , ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ์•„๋ž˜์— ๋Œ“๊ธ€์„ ๋‹ฌ๊ณ 
70:44
share it with your friends. See you.
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์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ๋˜ ๋ด์š”.
71:02
Hello guys and welcome to thisย  English course on adjectives.ย 
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„. ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์˜์–ด ๊ฐ•์ขŒ์— ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
71:07
In this video, I will be talking to youย  about adjectives ending in โ€˜edโ€™ or โ€˜ingโ€™.ย 
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์ด๋ฒˆ ์˜์ƒ์—์„œ๋Š” 'ed'๋‚˜ 'ing'์œผ๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
71:15
These adjectives are very commonย  in English and they often confuseย ย 
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์˜์–ด์—์„œ ๋งค์šฐ ํ”ํ•˜๋ฉฐ
71:20
students and learners in general.ย 
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•™์ƒ๊ณผ ํ•™์Šต์ž๋ฅผ ํ˜ผ๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
71:23
So please be really careful. Listenย  very carefully. Repeat after me.ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ •๋ง ์กฐ์‹ฌํ•˜์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์ฃผ ์ฃผ์˜ ๊นŠ๊ฒŒ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
71:28
Try and understand what the difference is. Let's get startedย 
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์ฐจ์ด์ ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ณ  ์ดํ•ดํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์ž
71:36
Adjectives ending in โ€˜edโ€™,ย  describe a person's feeling.ย 
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'ed'๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๊ฐ์ •์„ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
71:42
For example, โ€˜boredโ€™. โ€˜I am bored.โ€™ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด '์ง€๋ฃจํ•˜๋‹ค'. '์‹ฌ์‹ฌํ•ด์š”.'
71:46
Adjectives ending in โ€˜ingโ€™ย  describe a situation or an event.ย 
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'ing'์œผ๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด๋‚˜ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์„ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
71:54
For example, โ€˜boringโ€™. Let's take a sentence.ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด '์ง€๋ฃจํ•˜๋‹ค'. ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์ž.
71:59
โ€˜This film is boring.โ€™ Ok that's the event.ย 
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'์ด ์˜ํ™”๋Š” ์ง€๋ฃจํ•˜๋‹ค.' ์‘, ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์ด๋ฒคํŠธ์•ผ.
72:03
It's boring. And because the film is boring, I am bored.ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ง€๋ฃจ. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ง€๋ฃจํ•ด์„œ ๋‚˜๋„ ์ง€๋ฃจํ•˜๋‹ค.
72:09
That's my feeling. I hope you get it.ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋‚ด ๋Š๋‚Œ์ด์•ผ. ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์–ป๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
72:13
Let's get a few more common examples. For example, โ€˜annoyedโ€™ and โ€˜annoyingโ€™.ย 
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋” ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, '์งœ์ฆ๋‚œ๋‹ค', '์งœ์ฆ๋‚œ๋‹ค'.
72:20
โ€˜He is annoyedโ€™. That's a feeling.ย 
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'๊ทธ๋Š” ์งœ์ฆ์ด ๋‚œ๋‹ค'. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋Š๋‚Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
72:24
โ€˜The noise is annoyingโ€™. You're now describing the noise.ย 
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'์†Œ์Œ์ด ์งœ์ฆ๋‚œ๋‹ค'. ์ด์ œ ์†Œ์Œ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
72:30
Other example, โ€˜confusedโ€™, โ€˜confusingโ€™. โ€˜The student was confusedโ€™.ย 
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ: 'ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฝ๋‹ค', 'ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฝ๋‹ค'. 'ํ•™์ƒ์€ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฌ์›Œํ–ˆ๋‹ค'.
72:37
โ€˜The English was confusingโ€™. โ€˜depressedโ€™ย 
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'์˜์–ด๊ฐ€ ํ—ท๊ฐˆ๋ ธ๋‹ค'. '์šฐ์šธํ•˜๋‹ค'
72:43
โ€˜depressingโ€™ โ€˜My mom was depressedโ€™.ย 
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'์šฐ์šธํ•˜๋‹ค' '์—„๋งˆ๊ฐ€ ์šฐ์šธํ–ˆ์–ด์š”'.
72:47
โ€˜She watched a depressing TV dramaโ€™.ย 
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'๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์šฐ์šธํ•œ TV ๋“œ๋ผ๋งˆ๋ฅผ ๋ดค๋‹ค'.
72:52
โ€˜excitedโ€™ โ€˜excitingโ€™ย 
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'์‹ ๋‚œ๋‹ค' '์‹ ๋‚œ๋‹ค'
72:55
โ€˜I'm excited.โ€™ โ€˜Travelling is exciting.โ€™ย 
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'์‹ ๋‚œ๋‹ค.' '์—ฌํ–‰์€ ์‹ ๋‚œ๋‹ค.'
73:01
โ€˜frustratedโ€™ โ€˜frustratingโ€™ย 
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'์ขŒ์ ˆํ•˜๋‹ค' '์ขŒ์ ˆํ•˜๋‹ค'
73:04
โ€˜My dog is frustrated.โ€™ โ€˜Staying home all day is frustrating.โ€™ย 
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'์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ•์•„์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋‹ต๋‹ตํ•ด์š”.' 'ํ•˜๋ฃจ ์ข…์ผ ์ง‘์— ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ๋‹ต๋‹ตํ•ด์š”.'
73:12
โ€˜frightenedโ€™ โ€˜frighteningโ€™ย 
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'๋ฌด์„œ์›Œ์š”' '๋ฌด์„œ์›Œ์š”'
73:15
โ€˜My little sister is frightened of the dark.โ€™ โ€˜A dark room is frightening.โ€™ย 
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'๋‚ด ์—ฌ๋™์ƒ์€ ์–ด๋‘ ์„ ๋ฌด์„œ์›Œํ•ด์š”.' '์–ด๋‘์šด ๋ฐฉ์€ ๋ฌด์„ญ๋‹ค.'
73:23
โ€˜satisfiedโ€™ โ€˜satisfyingโ€™ย 
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'๋งŒ์กฑํ•ด์š”' '๋งŒ์กฑํ•ด์š”'
73:26
โ€˜My dad is satisfied.โ€™ โ€˜He has a satisfying jobโ€™.ย 
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'์•„๋น ๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ์กฑํ•ด์š”.' '๊ทธ๋Š” ๋งŒ์กฑ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ์ง์—…์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค'.
73:32
โ€˜shockedโ€™ โ€˜shockingโ€™ย 
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'์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์ ์ด๋‹ค' '์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์ ์ด๋‹ค'
73:35
โ€˜We were shocked by the accident.โ€™ โ€˜It was a shocking accidentโ€™.ย 
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'์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜๋‹ค.' '์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ์˜€๋‹ค'.
73:42
โ€˜interestedโ€™ โ€˜interestingโ€™ย 
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'๊ด€์‹ฌ์žˆ๋‹ค' 'ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ๋‹ค'
73:45
โ€˜I'm interested in articles.โ€™ โ€˜I'm reading an interesting articleโ€™.ย 
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'๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์— ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ์žˆ์–ด์š”.' 'ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฝ๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”'
73:54
Last example, two sentences,ย  two different meanings.ย 
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์˜ˆ๋Š” ๋‘ ๋ฌธ์žฅ, ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
73:58
Look at these: โ€˜The teacher was bored.โ€™ย 
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์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์„ธ์š”: '์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์€ ์ง€๋ฃจํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.'
74:03
โ€˜The teacher was boring.โ€™ Now you really have toย ย 
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'์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ด ์ง€๋ฃจํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.' ์ด์ œ
74:08
understand the difference between those two because the meaning is not the same at all.ย 
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์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์ „ํ˜€ ๋™์ผํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด ๋‘˜์˜ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์„ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ดํ•ดํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
74:13
When you say โ€˜the teacher was boredโ€™, you are describing the teacherโ€™s feeling.ย 
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. '์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ด ์‹ฌ์‹ฌํ–ˆ์–ด์š”'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์˜ ์‹ฌ์ •์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
74:19
Okay, that's how the teacher felt at that time. He or she was bored.ย 
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๋งž์•„์š”, ๊ทธ๋•Œ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋„ ๊ทธ๋žฌ์–ด์š”. ๊ทธ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ง€๋ฃจํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
74:25
But when you say โ€˜the teacher was boringโ€™,ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ '์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ด ์ง€๋ฃจํ–ˆ๋‹ค'๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด
74:29
you are describing the teacher. Okay, the teacher made the studentsย ย 
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์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์„ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”, ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์€ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด
74:35
feel bored because he or she was boring. Okay, so remember โ€˜edโ€™ is for feelings.ย 
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์ง€๋ฃจํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์„ ์ง€๋ฃจํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”, 'ed'๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์ •์„ ๋œปํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
74:44
And โ€˜ingโ€™ is to describeย  events, things, situations.ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  'ing'์€ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด, ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ, ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
74:50
Okay let's move on to practice now. I now have a few example sentences for you.ย 
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์ข‹์•„, ์ด์ œ ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด ๋ณด์ž. ์ด์ œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
74:57
Let's have a look together. โ€˜Wow I am excited or exciting about my new carโ€™ย 
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ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ดํŽด๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. '์™€, ์ƒˆ ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฒจ์„œ ์‹ ๋‚œ๋‹ค, ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋œ๋‹ค'
75:08
Now whatโ€™s the correct answer? What do you think?ย 
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์ด์ œ ์ •๋‹ต์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ผ๊นŒ์š”? ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋‚˜์š”?
75:12
Now remember โ€˜edโ€™ to talk about feelings. โ€˜ingโ€™ to describe things.ย 
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์ด์ œ ๊ฐ์ •์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” 'ed'๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”. 'ing'์€ ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์„ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
75:20
In this case, are you talking about yourย  feelings or are you describing your new car.ย 
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๊ฐ์ •์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ, ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์ƒˆ ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
75:27
Of course you are talking about your feelings. So โ€˜Wow I'm excited about my new car.โ€™ย 
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๊ฐ์ •์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ '์™€, ๋‚ด ์ƒˆ ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฒจ์„œ ์‹ ๋‚œ๋‹ค.' ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์˜ˆ: '
75:37
Second example: โ€˜Try not to getย ย 
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์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•  ๋•Œ ์ง€๋ฃจํ•ด์ง€์ง€
75:41
bored or boring when you study English.โ€™ย 
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์•Š๋„๋ก ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜์„ธ์š” .'
75:46
Now what do you think are you talkingย  about feelings are you describing things?ย 
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์ง€๊ธˆ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ฐ์ •์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์„ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
75:51
Of course, again, we're talkingย  about feelings in this sentence.ย 
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๋ฌผ๋ก , ์ด๋ฒˆ์—๋„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ๊ฐ์ •์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
75:55
โ€˜Try not to get bored when you study English.โ€™ Then, โ€˜Math is confused or confusing to me.โ€™?ย 
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'์˜์–ด ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•  ๋•Œ ์ง€๋ฃจํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒŒ ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜์„ธ์š”.' ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด '์ˆ˜ํ•™์€ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ํ—ท๊ฐˆ๋ฆฐ๋‹ค, ํ—ท๊ฐˆ๋ฆฐ๋‹ค.'?
76:07
Do you know the answer? You are describing math to you.ย 
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๋„Œ ๋‹ต์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ˆ? ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ˆ˜ํ•™์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
76:13
It is confusing to you. So math is confusing to me.ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ˆ˜ํ•™์€ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฝ๋‹ค.
76:20
โ€˜It was a thrilled orย  thrilling rollercoaster ride.โ€™?ย 
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'๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์Šค๋ฆด์ด ๋„˜์ณค๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์Šค๋ฆด ๋„˜์น˜๋Š” ๋กค๋Ÿฌ์ฝ”์Šคํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ํƒ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'?
76:26
Now in this case, if you think for a minute,ย  can a roller-coaster ride feel anything?ย 
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์ž, ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ์ž ์‹œ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด๋ฉด ๋กค๋Ÿฌ์ฝ”์Šคํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ํƒ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ด๋–ค ๋Š๋‚Œ์„ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
76:34
No it can't. So it's obviously a description.ย 
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์•„๋‹ˆ์š”, ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ์„ค๋ช…์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
76:38
It was a thrilling rollercoaster ride. And finally:ย 
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์Šค๋ฆด ๋„˜์น˜๋Š” ๋กค๋Ÿฌ์ฝ”์Šคํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ํƒ€๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ:
76:43
โ€˜My mother is disappointed orย  disappointing in my English scoreโ€™.?ย 
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'์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด ์˜์–ด ์ ์ˆ˜์— ์‹ค๋งํ–ˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์‹ค๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค'.?
76:50
Of course you are talkingย  about your mother's feeling.ย 
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ์˜ ๊ฐ์ •์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
76:54
She is disappointed in your English score. Very well guys.ย 
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์˜์–ด ์ ์ˆ˜์— ์‹ค๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์ฃผ ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
77:01
I hope you did well and I hope youย  understand the difference betweenย ย 
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์ž˜ ํ•˜์‹œ๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ฉฐ, 'ed' ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์™€ 'ing' ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์‹œ๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
77:05
โ€˜edโ€™ adjectives and โ€˜ingโ€™ adjectives. Let's now review the sentences togetherย ย 
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. ์ด์ œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ณต์Šต
77:09
and focus on pronunciation. Now listen very carefullyย ย 
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฐœ์Œ์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์ž˜ ๋“ฃ๊ณ 
77:11
and repeat after me please. โ€˜Wow, I am excited about my new car.โ€™ย 
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๋‚ด ๋ง์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”. '์™€, ๋‚ด ์ƒˆ ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฒจ์„œ ์‹ ๋‚œ๋‹ค.'
77:23
โ€˜Wow, I am excited about my new car.โ€™ย 
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'์™€, ๋‚ด ์ƒˆ ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฒจ์„œ ์‹ ๋‚œ๋‹ค.'
77:30
Good. โ€˜Try not to get bored when you study English.โ€™ย 
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์ข‹์€. '์˜์–ด ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•  ๋•Œ ์ง€๋ฃจํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒŒ ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜์„ธ์š”.'
77:39
โ€˜Try not to get bored when you study English.โ€™ย 
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'์˜์–ด ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•  ๋•Œ ์ง€๋ฃจํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒŒ ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜์„ธ์š”.'
77:47
Good guys. Third sentence.ย 
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์ข‹์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค. ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ.
77:49
โ€˜Math is confusing to me.โ€™ โ€˜Math is confusing to me.โ€™ย 
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'์ˆ˜ํ•™์€ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฝ๋‹ค.' '์ˆ˜ํ•™์€ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฝ๋‹ค.'
78:01
Very good. โ€˜It was a thrilling roller coaster ride.โ€™ย 
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๋งค์šฐ ์ข‹์€. '์Šค๋ฆด ๋„˜์น˜๋Š” ๋กค๋Ÿฌ์ฝ”์Šคํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ํƒ”์–ด์š”.'
78:10
โ€˜It was a thrilling roller coaster ride.โ€™ย 
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'์Šค๋ฆด ๋„˜์น˜๋Š” ๋กค๋Ÿฌ์ฝ”์Šคํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ํƒ”์–ด์š”.'
78:18
Very nice. And finally:ย 
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์•„์ฃผ ์ข‹์•„์š”. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ:
78:20
โ€˜My mother is disappointed in my English score.โ€™ One last time.ย 
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'์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋Š” ๋‚ด ์˜์–ด ์ ์ˆ˜์— ์‹ค๋งํ•˜์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.' ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ.
78:36
โ€˜My mother is disappointed in my English score.โ€™ Good job guys.ย 
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'์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋Š” ๋‚ด ์˜์–ด ์ ์ˆ˜์— ์‹ค๋งํ•˜์…จ๋‹ค.' ์ž˜ํ–ˆ์–ด ์–˜๋“ค์•„.
78:39
Okay students. Thank you for watching.ย 
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์•Œ์•˜์–ด, ํ•™์ƒ. ์‹œ์ฒญ ํ•ด์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
78:42
I hope you understood the differenceย  between adjectives ending in โ€˜edโ€™ and โ€˜ingโ€™.ย 
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'ed'๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์™€ 'ing'์œผ๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์…จ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
78:48
They are very important as they willย  allow you to describe how you feel and toย 
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋Š๋ผ๋Š”์ง€, ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ, ์‚ฌ๊ฑด, ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ฃผ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
78:54
describe things and events and situations.ย 
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.
78:58
Please keep practicing as this isย  still a common mistakes among students.ย 
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ โ€‹โ€‹ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค ์‚ฌ์ด์—์„œ ํ”ํ•œ ์‹ค์ˆ˜์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ณ„์† ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
79:03
So the more you practice, the better you'll get. Thank you very much.ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์—ฐ์Šตํ• ์ˆ˜๋ก ๋” ๋‚˜์•„์งˆ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
79:12
Thank you guys for watching my video. I hope you've liked it and if you have,ย ย 
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์ œ ์˜์ƒ์„ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“œ์…จ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ฉฐ, ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“œ์…จ๋‹ค๋ฉด
79:16
please show me your support. Click โ€˜likeโ€™, subscribe to our channel,ย ย 
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์ง€์ง€ํ•ด ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. '์ข‹์•„์š”'๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๊ณ  ์ฑ„๋„์„ ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜๊ณ 
79:21
put your comments below, andย  share the video with your friends.ย 
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์•„๋ž˜์— ๋Œ“๊ธ€์„ ๋‹ฌ๊ณ  ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
79:25
Thank you and see you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ ๋ต™๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
79:42
Hello guys and welcome to thisย  English course on adjectives.ย 
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„. ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์˜์–ด ๊ฐ•์ขŒ์— ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
79:47
In this video, I'm gonna talkย  to you about adjectives orderย 
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์ด๋ฒˆ ์˜์ƒ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์‹ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•˜๋‚˜ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ
79:52
in a sentence using more than one adjective to modify a noun.ย 
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ ์ˆœ์„œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
79:56
Now this is a very important topic because if you use more than oneย 
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์ด์ œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ฃผ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์‹ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‘ ๊ฐœ ์ด์ƒ์˜
80:01
adjective to modify a noun, you have to follow a specific order,ย ย 
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํŠน์ • ์ˆœ์„œ๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ
80:06
so you need to keep watching. Let's get started.ย 
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๊ณ„์† ์ง€์ผœ๋ด์•ผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์ž.
80:13
Let's take a look at this adjective order.ย 
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์ด ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ ์ˆœ์„œ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
80:16
It looks like a lot at first, but you willย  learn very fast and practice will help.ย 
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์ฒ˜์Œ์—๋Š” ๋งŽ์•„ ๋ณด์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ํ•™์Šต ์†๋„๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋น ๋ฅด๋ฉฐ ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
80:22
Let's have a look together. First, we will use the adjectivesย ย 
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ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ดํŽด๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. ๋จผ์ € ํ’ˆ์งˆ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๋Š”
80:28
describing quality or giving your opinion. Like delicious, beautiful, or good.ย 
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋ง›์žˆ๋‹ค, ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ต๋‹ค, ์ข‹๋‹ค ๋“ฑ.
80:36
Then, we will talk about size. Adjectives like tall, short, big.ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์‚ฌ์ด์ฆˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ‚ค๊ฐ€ ํฌ๋‹ค, ์งง๋‹ค, ํฌ๋‹ค ๊ฐ™์€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
80:44
Then comes age. Like old, young, new, twenty-year-old.ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ์˜จ๋‹ค. ๋Š™๊ณ , ์ Š๊ณ , ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด, ์Šค๋ฌด ์‚ด์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ.
80:52
Then comes shape. Adjectives likeย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ชจ์–‘์ด ๋‚˜์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
80:54
round, or square. Then color - red, green, blue.ย 
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์›ํ˜•, ์ •์‚ฌ๊ฐํ˜• ๋“ฑ ์˜ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ์ƒ‰์ƒ - ๋นจ๊ฐ„์ƒ‰, ๋…น์ƒ‰, ํŒŒ๋ž€์ƒ‰.
81:03
Origin - like Korean, Mexican, or American.ย 
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์›์‚ฐ์ง€ - ํ•œ๊ตญ, ๋ฉ•์‹œ์ฝ”, ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋“ฑ.
81:09
Material - like glass, gold, or wooden. And finally, purpose adjectivesย 
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์žฌ์งˆ - ์œ ๋ฆฌ, ๊ธˆ, ๋‚˜๋ฌด ๋“ฑ. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ๋ชฉ์  ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ
81:17
like sport or coffee. Remember my cup from the first video?ย 
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์Šคํฌ์ธ ๋‚˜ ์ปคํ”ผ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ์š”. ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์˜์ƒ์— ๋‚˜์™”๋˜ ์ปต์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
81:23
Well we could say - it's a great bigย ย 
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„์ฃผ ํฌ๊ณ 
81:27
old round white Korean plastic cup. So a great - giving my opinion.ย 
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์˜ค๋ž˜๋˜๊ณ  ๋‘ฅ๊ทผ ํฐ์ƒ‰ ํ•œ๊ตญ์‚ฐ ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ ์ปต์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ •๋ง ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๋ง์”€ํ•ด ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
81:35
big - the size. old - the age.ย 
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ํฌ๋‹ค - ํฌ๊ธฐ. ๋Š™์Œ - ๋‚˜์ด.
81:40
round - for the shape . white - the color.ย 
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๋‘ฅ๊ทผ - ๋ชจ์–‘์„ ์œ„ํ•ด. ํฐ์ƒ‰ - ์ƒ‰์ƒ.
81:44
Korean - for the origins.ย 
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ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด-์›์‚ฐ์ง€.
81:46
plastic - the material. That's the adjective order.ย ย 
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ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ - ์žฌ๋ฃŒ. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ ์ˆœ์„œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
81:51
I cannot break it. I have to follow it.ย 
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊นจ๋œจ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ์•ผํ•œ๋‹ค.
81:55
Don't worry guys. Most of the time you will only use oneย ย 
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๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”. ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
82:00
maybe two or three adjectives in one sentence. But still you have to follow this order.ย 
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ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์— ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋ž˜๋„ ์ด ์ˆœ์„œ๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
82:06
Let's now look together at a fewย  sentences with multiple adjectives.ย 
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์ด์ œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํฌํ•จ๋œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
82:11
For example, these beautifulย  young girls went to school.ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ด ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ์–ด๋ฆฐ ์†Œ๋…€๋“ค์€ ํ•™๊ต์— ๋‹ค๋…”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
82:17
First, how many adjectivesย  do you see in that sentence?ย 
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์ฒซ์งธ, ๊ทธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐœ๋‚˜ ๋ณด์ด๋‚˜์š”?
82:22
I see two adjectives beautiful and young. The order is beautiful - your opinion.ย 
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์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ต๊ณ  ์ Š๋‹ค๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ˆœ์„œ๋Š” ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
82:33
And then, 'young' for age.ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜์ด์— ๋น„ํ•ด '์ Š๋‹ค'.
82:37
Second example. I have dirty old running shoes.ย 
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์˜ˆ. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋”๋Ÿฝ๊ณ  ๋‚ก์€ ์šด๋™ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
82:44
How many adjectives can you see? There are three.ย 
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๊ฐœ๋‚˜ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”? ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
82:49
Dirty - your opinion. Old -the ageย 
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๋”๋Ÿฌ์šด - ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ. Old - ๋‚˜์ด
82:54
And running - which is a purpose adjectives.ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ - ๋ชฉ์ ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
83:00
Then we have - that's a hot green Korean pepper.ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” - ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋œจ๊ฑฐ์šด ์ฒญ์–‘๊ณ ์ถ”์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
83:05
How many adjectives? There are three adjectives.ย 
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๊ฐœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
83:10
Hot - your opinion. Green - the colour.ย 
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๋œจ๊ฑฐ์šด - ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ. ๋…น์ƒ‰ - ์ƒ‰์ƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
83:15
Korean - the origins. And finally, Canada is a nice large country.ย 
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ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด - ๊ธฐ์›. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ, ์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ฉ‹์ง€๊ณ  ํฐ ๋‚˜๋ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
83:25
Two adjectives. Nice - for your opinion.ย 
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๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ. ์ข‹์•„์š” - ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
83:29
And large - for the size. Let's now review theย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํฐ - ํฌ๊ธฐ. ์ด์ œ ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ํ•จ๊ป˜
83:32
sentences together for pronunciation. Please repeat after me.ย 
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๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค . ์ €๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
83:36
These beautiful young girls went to school.ย 
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์ด ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ์–ด๋ฆฐ ์†Œ๋…€๋“ค์€ ํ•™๊ต์— ๋‹ค๋…”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
83:45
These beautiful young girls went to school.ย 
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์ด ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ์–ด๋ฆฐ ์†Œ๋…€๋“ค์€ ํ•™๊ต์— ๋‹ค๋…”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
83:52
I have dirty old running shoes. I have dirty old running shoes.ย 
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋”๋Ÿฝ๊ณ  ๋‚ก์€ ์šด๋™ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋”๋Ÿฝ๊ณ  ๋‚ก์€ ์šด๋™ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
84:05
Good. That's a hot green Korean pepper.ย 
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์ข‹์€. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋œจ๊ฑฐ์šด ๋…น์ƒ‰ ๊ณ ์ถ”์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
84:12
That's a hot green Korean pepper.ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋œจ๊ฑฐ์šด ๋…น์ƒ‰ ๊ณ ์ถ”์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
84:18
Very nice. And finally, Canada is a nice large country.ย 
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์•„์ฃผ ์ข‹์•„์š”. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ, ์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ฉ‹์ง€๊ณ  ํฐ ๋‚˜๋ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
84:26
Canada is a nice large country.ย 
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์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๋„“๊ณ  ์ข‹์€ ๋‚˜๋ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
84:32
Good job guys. Let's now move on to more practice.ย 
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์ž˜ํ–ˆ์–ด ์–˜๋“ค์•„. ์ด์ œ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์—ฐ์Šต์œผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
84:37
Okay guys you are experts now. Time to move on to some extra practice.ย 
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์ข‹์•„์š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„, ์ด์ œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•  ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
84:42
I have sentences for you - some of themย 
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š”
84:45
are correct - some of them are not. And it's up to you to tell me.ย 
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์ •ํ™•ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹ฌ๋ ค ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
84:50
Let's have a look. She is a tall British woman.ย 
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ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์ž. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ํ‚ค๊ฐ€ ํฐ ์˜๊ตญ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
84:57
Now how many adjectives can you see in this sentence?ย 
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์ด์ œ ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๊ฐœ๋‚˜ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
85:01
I see two adjectives. And is the order correct?ย 
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๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ˆœ์„œ๊ฐ€ ๋งž๋‚˜์š”?
85:06
Tall - is the size. British - the origins.ย 
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ํ‚ค๊ฐ€ - ํฌ๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ตญ - ๊ธฐ์›.
85:13
So it is correct. Yes. Size comes before origins.ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ. ํฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์›์ ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋จผ์ € ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
85:17
She is a tall British woman. I have a red big ball.ย 
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ํ‚ค๊ฐ€ ํฐ ์˜๊ตญ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋นจ๊ฐ„ ํฐ ๊ณต์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
85:24
How many adjectives? Two.ย 
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๊ฐœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๋‘˜.
85:28
And is the order correct? Red is the colorย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ˆœ์„œ๊ฐ€ ๋งž๋‚˜์š”? ์ƒ‰์ƒ์€ ๋นจ๊ฐ„์ƒ‰
85:32
and big is the size. Well no it isn't.ย 
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์ด๊ณ  ํฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ํฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
85:37
It should be - I have a big red ball. Size comes before color.ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿด ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค โ€“ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ปค๋‹ค๋ž€ ๋นจ๊ฐ„ ๊ณต์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ƒ‰์ƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ํฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋จผ์ € ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
85:45
I got a gold new watch. Again, I suppose you know - two adjectives.ย 
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ธˆ์ƒ‰ ์ƒˆ ์‹œ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฆฌ๋ผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
85:52
Gold for the material. and new for the age.ย 
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์žฌ๋ฃŒ๋Š” ๊ธˆ. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์‹œ๋Œ€์— ๋น„ํ•ด ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
85:57
And age comes before material so it should be I got a new gold watch.ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ์งˆ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ๋จผ์ €์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ƒˆ ๊ธˆ์‹œ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์ž…ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
86:05
My mother has red long hair. We have two adjectives.ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์—„๋งˆ๋Š” ๋นจ๊ฐ„ ๊ธด ๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
86:13
Red for the colour. And long - the size.ย 
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์ƒ‰์ƒ์€ ๋นจ๊ฐ„์ƒ‰์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ธด - ํฌ๊ธฐ.
86:17
And size comes before color so it should be, My mother has a long red hair.ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ƒ‰๊น”๋ณด๋‹ค ํฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์šฐ์„ ์ด๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ๊ทธ๋ž˜์•ผ์ฃ . ์ €ํฌ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋Š” ๊ธด ๋นจ๊ฐ„ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ์ด์„ธ์š”.
86:25
And finally, this is a cute little white puppy.ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ž‘๊ณ  ๊ท€์—ฌ์šด ํฐ์ƒ‰ ๊ฐ•์•„์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
86:32
Three adjectives. Is the order correct?ย 
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์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ. ์ˆœ์„œ๊ฐ€ ๋งž๋‚˜์š”?
86:36
what do you think? Well it is correct.ย 
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋‚˜์š”? ๊ธ€์Ž„์š”. ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
86:40
We have 'cute' for your opinion. ' 'little' for the size.ย 
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๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์— '๊ท€์—ฝ๋‹ค'๋Š” ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋น„ํ•ด '์กฐ๊ธˆ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
86:45
'white' for the color. And the order is correct.ย 
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์ƒ‰์ƒ์€ 'ํฐ์ƒ‰'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ˆœ์„œ๊ฐ€ ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
86:49
This is a cute little white puppy Okay guys.ย 
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์ด๊ฑด ์ž‘๊ณ  ๊ท€์—ฌ์šด ํฐ์ƒ‰ ๊ฐ•์•„์ง€์˜ˆ์š” ์ข‹์•„์š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„.
86:53
Thank you for watching this video. I hope this helped youย ย 
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์ด ์˜์ƒ์„ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด ์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ ์ˆœ์„œ๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
86:57
understand adjective order. This is not that difficult.ย 
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. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ ์–ด๋ ต์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
87:01
My students learn this order veryย  quickly and I'm sure you will, too.ย 
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๋‚ด ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์€ ์ด ์ˆœ์„œ๋ฅผ ๋งค์šฐ ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋„ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ™•์‹ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
87:06
That's it for this video. I hopeย  to see you in the next one. Bye.ย 
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์ด๋ฒˆ ์˜์ƒ์€ ์ด๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ ์ž‘ํ’ˆ์—์„œ ๋ต™๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•ˆ๋…•.
87:14
Thanks guys for watching my video.
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๋‚ด ๋น„๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด ์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
87:16
If you've liked it, please showย  us your support by clicking like,
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๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“œ์…จ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ข‹์•„์š”๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๊ณ 
87:20
subscribing to the channel
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์ฑ„๋„์„ ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜๊ณ 
87:22
putting your comments below
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์•„๋ž˜์— ๋Œ“๊ธ€์„ ๋‹ฌ๊ณ 
87:23
and sharing it with all your friends. See you.
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๋ชจ๋“  ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‘์›ํ•ด ์ฃผ์„ธ์š” . ๋˜ ๋ด์š”.
87:46
Hello students and welcome back toย  my English course on adjectives.ย 
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ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค ์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์˜์–ด ๊ฐ•์ขŒ์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
87:52
In this video, I'm going to talk toย  you about intensifiers and mitigators.ย 
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์ด๋ฒˆ ์˜์ƒ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ฐ•ํ™”์ œ์™€ ์™„ํ™”์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
87:59
Now what are those? Don't be scared of their names.ย 
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์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ๋‘๋ ค์›Œํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
88:04
Intensifiers are simply words thatย  will make adjectives stronger.ย 
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๊ฐ•ํ™”์ž๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋” ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
88:11
They will give adjectivesย  more power or more emphasis.ย 
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์— ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ํž˜๊ณผ ๊ฐ•์กฐ์ ์„ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
88:16
For example, two very common intensifiersย  in English are โ€˜reallyโ€™ and โ€˜veryโ€™.ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์˜์–ด์—์„œ ๋งค์šฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ฐ•ํ™”์‚ฌ๋Š” 'really'์™€ 'very'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
88:24
Mitigators on the other hand, make the adjectivesย  weaker like the words brother or family.ย 
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๋ฐ˜๋ฉด ์™„ํ™”์ž๋Š” ํ˜•์ œ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์•ฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
88:33
But we're gonna go into a little more detail. Keep watching.ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ข€ ๋” ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณ„์† ์‹œ์ฒญํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
88:41
Let's start with intensifiers. And I have a list of intensifies for you.ย 
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๊ฐ•ํ™” ์žฅ์น˜๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฐ•ํ™” ๋ชฉ๋ก์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
88:47
Of course these are not all of them,ย  but it's a good start because they areย ย 
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์ „๋ถ€๋Š” ์•„๋‹ˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
88:51
very common in English. Let's have a look.ย 
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์˜์–ด์—์„œ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ํ”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ข‹์€ ์‹œ์ž‘์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์ž.
88:55
really This video is really interesting.ย 
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์ •๋ง ์ด๋ฒˆ ์˜์ƒ์€ ์ •๋ง ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ๋„ค์š”.
89:01
The adjectives in this sentence isย  interesting and we make it strongerย ย 
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ๊ณ 
89:06
with the intensifier, โ€˜reallyโ€™. It's really interesting.ย 
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๊ฐ•ํ™”๋ถ€์‚ฌ 'really'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋”์šฑ ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ •๋ง ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
89:12
very For example, I'm very happy to learn English.ย 
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๋งค์šฐ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋‚˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์–ด ๋งค์šฐ ํ–‰๋ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
89:18
The adjective is โ€˜happyโ€™. And we give it more power with the intensifier.ย 
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” 'ํ–‰๋ณตํ•˜๋‹ค'์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฐ•ํ™” ์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ „๋ ฅ์„ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
89:25
very I am very happy to learn English.ย 
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์ •๋ง ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ์ •๋ง ํ–‰๋ณตํ•ด์š”.
89:30
Other intensifiers include absolutely. or example your new dress is absolutelyย ย 
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฐ•ํ™”์ œ์—๋Š” ์ ˆ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ํฌํ•จ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ƒˆ ๋“œ๋ ˆ์Šค๋Š” ์ •๋ง
89:38
amazing. โ€˜extremelyโ€™ย 
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๋†€๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '๋งค์šฐ'
89:42
Like โ€˜It's extremely cold outside.โ€ย 
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'๋ฐ–์ด ์—„์ฒญ ์ถ”์›Œ์š”.' ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
89:46
โ€˜incrediblyโ€™ For example, โ€˜Your son is incredibly smart.โ€™ย 
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'๋†€๋ž๊ฒŒ๋„' ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, '๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์•„๋“ค์€ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
89:52
โ€˜completelyโ€™ โ€˜My wallet is completely empty.โ€™ย 
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'์™„์ „ํžˆ' '์ง€๊ฐ‘์ด ์™„์ „ํžˆ ํ…… ๋น„์—ˆ์–ด์š”.'
89:59
unusually โ€˜The classroom was unusually quiet.โ€™ย 
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์œ ๋‚œํžˆ '๊ต์‹ค์ด ์œ ๋‚œํžˆ ์กฐ์šฉํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.'
90:05
And finally, โ€˜enoughโ€™. โ€˜He isn't old enough to drive.โ€™ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด '์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•˜๋‹ค'. '๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์•„์ง ์šด์ „ํ•  ๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.'
90:13
Now for this last sentence, the adjectiveย  is old and II intensifier is enough.ย 
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์ด์ œ ์ด ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜ค๋ž˜๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ  II ๊ฐ•ํ™”์–ด๋กœ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
90:21
It's a special case because as you can hear andย  see, โ€˜enoughโ€™ always comes after the adjective.ย 
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๋“ฃ๊ณ  ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋“ฏ์ด 'enough'๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ ๋’ค์— ์˜ค๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
90:30
Intensifiers are commonly used withย  comparative and superlative adjectives.ย 
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๊ฐ•ํ™”์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋น„๊ต๊ธ‰ ๋ฐ ์ตœ์ƒ๊ธ‰ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
90:37
For example, with comparativeย  adjectives, we offer news much.ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋น„๊ตํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‰ด์Šค๋ฅผ ๋งŽ์ด ์ œ๊ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
90:42
For example, โ€˜He runs much faster than me.โ€™ โ€˜Fasterโ€™ is the comparative formย ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, '๊ทธ๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฐ๋‹ค.' '๋น ๋ฅด๋‹ค'๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ '๋น ๋ฅด๋‹ค'์˜
90:50
of the adjective โ€˜fastโ€™. And to intensify the comparison,ย ย 
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๋น„๊ต๊ธ‰์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋น„๊ต๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
90:55
we use the intensifier โ€˜muchโ€™. So he runs much faster than me.ย 
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๊ฐ•ํ™”์‚ฌ 'much'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
91:01
We also use โ€˜a lotโ€™. For example, โ€˜This red bagย ย 
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'๋งŽ์ด'๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, '์ด ๋นจ๊ฐ„ ๊ฐ€๋ฐฉ์€
91:07
is a lot heavier than this white bagโ€™. โ€˜heavierโ€™ is the comparative form ofย ย 
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์ด ํ•˜์–€ ๊ฐ€๋ฐฉ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋ฌด๊ฒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.' '๋ฌด๊ฑฐ์šด'์€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ '๋ฌด๊ฑฐ์šด' ์˜ ๋น„๊ต๊ธ‰์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
91:13
the adjective โ€˜heavyโ€™. And we make it even moreย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  'ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๋ฌด๊ฒ๋‹ค'๋Š” ๋ง๋กœ ๋”์šฑ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
91:16
powerful with โ€˜a lot heavierโ€™. And we also use โ€˜funโ€™.ย 
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. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  '์žฌ๋ฏธ'๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
91:23
For example, โ€˜She is far taller than meโ€™. โ€˜tallerโ€™ is the comparative of โ€˜tallโ€™.ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, '๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ณด๋‹ค ํ‚ค๊ฐ€ ํ›จ์”ฌ ํฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.' 'taller'๋Š” 'tall'์˜ ๋น„๊ต๊ธ‰์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
91:31
We make it more powerful with โ€˜farโ€™. โ€˜Far taller than meโ€™.ย 
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'far'๋กœ ๋”์šฑ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '๋‚˜๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ํฌ๋‹ค'.
91:37
Now with superlativeย  adjectives, we can use โ€˜easilyโ€™.ย 
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์ด์ œ ์ตœ์ƒ๊ธ‰ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ '์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
91:42
For example, โ€˜This is easilyย  the best restaurant in townโ€™.ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, '์ด ๋™๋„ค์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋ง›์žˆ๋Š” ๋ ˆ์Šคํ† ๋ž‘์ด๊ตฐ์š”.'
91:49
โ€˜bestโ€™ is the superlativeย  form of the adjective โ€˜goodโ€™.ย 
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'์ตœ๊ณ '๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ '์ข‹๋‹ค'์˜ ์ตœ์ƒ๊ธ‰ ํ˜•ํƒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
91:54
And we make it even more powerful byย  saying, โ€˜easily the best restaurantโ€™.ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  '์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ๋ ˆ์Šคํ† ๋ž‘'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ด๋ฅผ ๋”์šฑ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
92:01
And we also use โ€˜by farโ€™. For example,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  'by Far'๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด,
92:05
โ€˜Sarah is by far the smartest girl in classโ€™. Let's move on to mitigators.ย 
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'์‚ฌ๋ผ๋Š” ํ•™๊ธ‰์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•œ ์†Œ๋…€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'. ์™„ํ™”๊ธฐ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด ๊ฐ‘์‹œ๋‹ค.
92:13
Now mitigators are the opposite of intensifiers. They weaken the adjectives.ย 
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์ด์ œ ์™„ํ™”์ œ๋Š” ๊ฐ•ํ™”์ œ์˜ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์•ฝํ™”์‹œํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
92:22
Let's look at a few examples. Mitigators include โ€˜fairlyโ€™.ย 
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™„ํ™” ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์—๋Š” '์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ'๊ฐ€ ํฌํ•จ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
92:27
For example, โ€˜It's fairly sunny todayโ€™. The adjective โ€˜sunnyโ€™ isย ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, '์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ๊ฝค ๋ง‘์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.' ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ 'sunny'๋Š”
92:34
weakened by the mitigator โ€˜fairlyโ€™. So it's not sunny it's a bit less than sunny.ย 
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์™„ํ™”์–ด 'fairly'์— ์˜ํ•ด ์•ฝํ™”๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚ ์”จ๊ฐ€ ๋ง‘์ง€๋Š” ์•Š๊ณ  ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋œ ๋ง‘์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
92:42
Other mitigator โ€˜ratherโ€™. So when I say, โ€˜I'm rather tiredโ€™,ย 
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์™„ํ™”์ œ๋Š” '์˜คํžˆ๋ ค'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ '์ข€ ํ”ผ๊ณคํ•ด์š”'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด
92:48
I'm not exactly tired. I'm a bit less.ย 
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๊ผญ ํ”ผ๊ณคํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ์กฐ๊ธˆ ์ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
92:51
The adjective is less powerfulย  because of this โ€˜ratherโ€™.ย 
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์ด '์˜คํžˆ๋ ค' ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋œ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
92:57
Other example, โ€˜prettyโ€™. โ€˜It's pretty expensiveโ€™.ย 
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ๋กœ๋Š” '์˜ˆ์˜๋‹ค'. '๊ฝค ๋น„์‹ธ๋„ค์š”'.
93:02
Which means it's not expensive. It's a little bit less.ย 
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์ฆ‰, ๋น„์‹ธ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด๋‹ค. ์กฐ๊ธˆ ์ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
93:07
Oh quite like, โ€˜The movie was quite goodโ€™. The adjective โ€˜goodโ€™ย ย 
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์•„, '์˜ํ™” ๊ฝค ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์•˜์–ด' ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ . ์ด '๋งค์šฐ' ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ '์ข‹๋‹ค'๋Š” ๋œ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
93:14
is less powerful because of this โ€˜quiteโ€™. Now be very careful because if you use โ€˜quiteโ€™ย ย 
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'terrible', 'perfect', 'enormous', 'excellent'์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ทน๋‹จ์ ์ธ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜
93:22
with an extreme adjective such as โ€˜terribleโ€™, โ€˜perfectโ€™, โ€˜enormousโ€™, or โ€˜excellentโ€™ โ€“ย 
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'quite'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด 'quite'๋Š”
93:30
quite means โ€˜absolutelyโ€™. It becomes an intensifier.ย 
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'์ ˆ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ'๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋งค์šฐ ์ฃผ์˜ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ๊ฐ•ํ™” ์žฅ์น˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
93:35
For example, โ€˜She is quite gorgeous.โ€™ Means she is absolutely gorgeous.ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, '๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ •๋ง ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.' ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ง ๋ฉ‹์ง€๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด์—์š”.
93:41
It's more powerful becauseย  of the intensified โ€˜quiteโ€™.ย 
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'์•„์ฃผ'๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ•ํ™”๋˜์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋”์šฑ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•˜๋‹ค.
93:46
So be very careful when you use โ€˜quiteโ€™ย  because depending on the adjective that youย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ 'quite'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์ฃผ์˜ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์„ ํƒํ•œ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ
93:50
choose it has a different meaning. And it can be either an intensifierย ย 
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์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์ง€๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐ•ํ™”์ œ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„
93:56
or a mitigator. Let's move on.ย 
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์žˆ๊ณ  ์™„ํ™”์ œ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
94:01
Just as intensifiers, mitigators canย  be used with comparative adjectives.ย 
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๊ฐ•ํ™”์ œ์™€ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ์™„ํ™”์ œ๋„ ๋น„๊ต๊ธ‰ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
94:08
Let's look at a few examples. We can use โ€˜a bitโ€™.ย 
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '์กฐ๊ธˆ'์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
94:13
For example, โ€˜He's a bit faster than meโ€™. When you say, โ€œHe's a bit faster than me,โ€ it'sย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, '๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๋‚˜๋ณด๋‹ค ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋น ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.' ๋‹น์‹ ์ด โ€œ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๋‚˜๋ณด๋‹ค ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋น ๋ฅด๋‹คโ€๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ
94:21
less powerful than โ€œHe's faster than me.โ€ So โ€˜a bitโ€™ it's mitigates it weakens โ€˜fasterโ€™.ย 
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โ€œ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๋‚˜๋ณด๋‹ค ๋น ๋ฅด๋‹คโ€๋ณด๋‹ค ๋œ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ '์•ฝ๊ฐ„' ์™„ํ™”๋˜๊ณ  '๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ' ์•ฝํ™”๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
94:31
Same goes for โ€˜ratherโ€™. For example,ย ย 
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'์˜คํžˆ๋ ค'๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด,
94:35
โ€˜This dress is rather nicer than that dressโ€™. It weakens the comparison the nicer.ย 
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'์ด ๋“œ๋ ˆ์Šค๋Š” ์ € ๋“œ๋ ˆ์Šค๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋ฉ‹์ง€๋„ค์š”.' ๋” ์ข‹์„์ˆ˜๋ก ๋น„๊ต๊ฐ€ ์•ฝํ•ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
94:45
Third case we can say โ€˜a little bitโ€™. For example, โ€˜There's a little bit moreย ย 
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94:45
rain today than yesterdayโ€™. It's less powerful then.ย 
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94:45
There's more rain. And finally we can say, โ€˜slightlyโ€™.ย 
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์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” '์กฐ๊ธˆ'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, '์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ์–ด์ œ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋น„๊ฐ€ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ๋‚ด๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .' ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ํž˜์ด ์•ฝํ•ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์™”์–ด์š”. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ '์•ฝ๊ฐ„'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
94:48
For example, โ€˜My car isย  slightly older than your carโ€™.ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, '๋‚ด ์ฐจ๋Š” ๋‹น์‹  ์ฐจ๋ณด๋‹ค ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ์˜ค๋ž˜๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
94:54
So it's just a little bit older than your car. It's weak because of this mitigator.ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ฐจ๋ณด๋‹ค ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ์˜ค๋ž˜๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์™„ํ™”์ œ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์•ฝํ•ด์š”.
95:03
Let's now move on to practice. I want things to be very clear so Iย ย 
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์ด์ œ ์—ฐ์Šต์œผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด ๊ฐ‘์‹œ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ์•„์ฃผ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ผ์„œ
95:08
have a few example sentences for you guys. And I want you to tell me if you see anย ย 
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฌธ์„ ์ค€๋น„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฐ•ํ™”์ œ๋‚˜ ์™„ํ™”
95:14
intensifier or a mitigator. Let's have a look first.ย 
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์ด๋ฉด ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋จผ์ € ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
95:20
โ€˜It's a very interesting gameโ€™. Now what's the adjective in that sentence?ย 
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'๋งค์šฐ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒŒ์ž„์ด๋‹ค'. ์ด์ œ ๊ทธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
95:28
โ€˜interestingโ€™ of course. What about โ€˜veryโ€™.ย 
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๋ฌผ๋ก  'ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ๋‹ค'. '๋งค์šฐ'๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
95:32
Is it an intensifier or a mitigator? What do you think?ย 
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๊ฐ•ํ™”์ œ์ธ๊ฐ€์š” ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์™„ํ™”์ œ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”? ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋‚˜์š”?
95:37
It's an intensifier of course. It's a very interesting game.ย 
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๊ฐ•ํ™” ์žฅ์น˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งค์šฐ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒŒ์ž„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
95:42
It's more powerful thanks to this โ€˜veryโ€™. The second sentence,ย ย 
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์ด '๋งค์šฐ' ๋•๋ถ„์— ๋”์šฑ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€
95:49
โ€˜She cooks fairly good pastaโ€™. Now the adjective in this sentence is โ€˜goodโ€™.ย 
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'ํŒŒ์Šคํƒ€๋ฅผ ๊ฝค ์ž˜ ํ•˜์‹ ๋‹ค' ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” '์ข‹๋‹ค'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
95:56
I'm sure you know what about โ€˜fairlyโ€™. Is it an intensifier or a mitigator?ย 
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด '๊ณต์ •ํ•˜๊ฒŒ'์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ™•์‹ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ•ํ™”์ œ์ธ๊ฐ€์š” ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์™„ํ™”์ œ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
96:04
It's a mitigator guys. The adjective โ€˜goodโ€™ isย ย 
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์™„ํ™”์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„. ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ '์ข‹๋‹ค'๋Š”
96:08
less powerful because of โ€˜fairlyโ€™. โ€˜She cooks fairly good pastaโ€™.ย 
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'์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ' ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋œ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ฝค ์ข‹์€ ํŒŒ์Šคํƒ€๋ฅผ ์š”๋ฆฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
96:15
The third example, โ€˜He's quite brilliant at speaking Englishโ€™.ย 
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์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์˜ˆ๋Š” '๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ์ •๋ง ์ž˜ํ•ด์š”'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
96:21
The adjective is โ€˜brilliantโ€™. Now just a hint.ย 
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” 'ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•˜๋‹ค'์ด๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ํžŒํŠธ๋งŒ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
96:28
It's an extreme adjective. โ€˜brilliantโ€™ is a very strong adjective,ย ย 
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๊ทน๋‹จ์ ์ธ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 'brilliant'๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ธ๋ฐ,
96:33
so what about โ€˜quiteโ€™? Is it an intensifier or a mitigator?ย 
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'quite'๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๊ฐ•ํ™”์ œ์ธ๊ฐ€์š” ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์™„ํ™”์ œ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
96:41
It is an intensifier of courseย  because the adjective is extreme.ย 
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทน๋‹จ์ ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ฐ•ํ™”์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
96:46
I hope you got that.ย 
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์–ป์—ˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
96:49
Next example. โ€˜She's a bit younger than I amโ€™.ย 
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๋‹ค์Œ ์˜ˆ. '๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ณด๋‹ค ์กฐ๊ธˆ ์–ด๋ฆฌ๋‹ค'.
96:54
The adjective is actually a comparative adjective. In this sentence,ย ย 
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋น„๊ต ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ
97:00
โ€˜youngerโ€™ a bit acts as a mitigator of course. And finally, โ€˜My dog is much fatter than my catโ€™.ย 
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'์–ด๋ฆฐ' ๋น„ํŠธ๋Š” ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์™„ํ™” ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ, '๋‚ด ๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋šฑ๋šฑํ•ด์š”'.
97:14
Again, it's a comparative adjective โ€˜fatterโ€™. And what about โ€˜muchโ€™?ย 
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๋น„๊ต๊ธ‰ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ 'fatter'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  '๋งŽ์ด'๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
97:21
What do you think? Intensifier, mitigator?ย 
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋‚˜์š”? ๊ฐ•ํ™”์ œ, ์™„ํ™”์ œ?
97:25
It's an intensifier. It's much fatter than my cat.ย 
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๊ฐ•ํ™” ์žฅ์น˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋šฑ๋šฑํ•ด์š”.
97:31
Good job guys. Let's move on.ย 
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์ž˜ํ–ˆ์–ด ์–˜๋“ค์•„. ๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
97:33
Let's go through the sentencesย  again and focus on pronunciation.ย 
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ  ๋ฐœ์Œ์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
97:34
Please repeat after me. It's a very interesting game.ย 
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์ €๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ๋งค์šฐ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒŒ์ž„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
97:43
One more time. It's a very interesting game.ย 
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ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ๋”. ๋งค์šฐ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒŒ์ž„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
97:51
Good. Second example.ย 
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์ข‹์€. ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์˜ˆ.
97:54
She cooks fairly good pasta. She cooks fairly good pasta.ย 
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ฝค ์ข‹์€ ํŒŒ์Šคํƒ€๋ฅผ ์š”๋ฆฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ฝค ์ข‹์€ ํŒŒ์Šคํƒ€๋ฅผ ์š”๋ฆฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
98:07
Third example guys. He's quite brilliant at speaking English.ย 
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์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๊ฝค ๋›ฐ์–ด๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
98:16
One more time. He's quite brilliant at speaking English.ย 
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ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ๋”. ๊ทธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๊ฝค ๋›ฐ์–ด๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
98:25
Moving on. She's a bit younger than I am.ย 
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๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ณด๋‹ค ์กฐ๊ธˆ ์–ด๋ฆฌ๋‹ค.
98:32
She's a bit younger than I am.ย 
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ณด๋‹ค ์กฐ๊ธˆ ์–ด๋ฆฌ๋‹ค.
98:38
And finally, my dog is much fatter than my cat.ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ, ๋‚ด ๊ฐœ๋Š” ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋šฑ๋šฑํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
98:47
My dog is much fatter than my cat.ย 
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๋‚ด ๊ฐœ๋Š” ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋šฑ๋šฑํ•ด์š”.
98:55
Excellent guys. Thank you guys for watching the video.ย 
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ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•ด์š”. ์˜์ƒ์„ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
98:59
I hope this has helped. Now using intensifiers andย ย 
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ๊ฐ•ํ™”์ œ์™€
99:04
mitigators takes practice. A lot of practice.ย 
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์™„ํ™”์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ์—ฐ์Šต์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งŽ์€ ์—ฐ์Šต.
99:08
But I'm sure you can do it and it's worth it.ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋งŒํ•œ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ™•์‹ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
99:11
It will make a true differenceย  to your speaking skills.ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์— ์ง„์ •ํ•œ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ฌ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
99:15
Thank you for watching. See you next time.ย 
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์‹œ์ฒญ ํ•ด์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ์— ๋˜ ๋งŒ๋‚˜์š”.
99:21
Thank you guys for watchingย  my video and for watching thisย 
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์ œ ์˜์ƒ์„ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด ์ฃผ์‹œ๊ณ  ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์˜์–ด ๊ฐ•์ขŒ๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด ์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
99:25
English course on adjectives.ย 
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.
99:27
If you want to see more videos on adjectives and other things please show us your support.ย 
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ ๋ฐ ๊ธฐํƒ€ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์˜์ƒ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์œผ์‹œ๋ฉด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์ง€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
99:33
Click โ€˜likeโ€™, subscribe to the channel, put your comments below and share the videoย 
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'์ข‹์•„์š”'๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๊ณ , ์ฑ„๋„์„ ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜๊ณ , ์•„๋ž˜์— ๋Œ“๊ธ€์„ ๋‹ฌ๊ณ 
99:38
with your friends. Thank you and see you.
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์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ์˜์ƒ์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ ๋ต™๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
100:00
Hello, everyone.ย 
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„, ์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
100:02
Welcome to this English course on adverbs. And in this video we're gonna talk about adverbs.ย 
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๋ถ€์‚ฌ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์˜์–ด ๊ฐ•์ขŒ์— ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฒˆ ์˜์ƒ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
100:10
Now the simplest definition of an adverb is thatย  it's a word that describes or modifies a verb.ย 
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์ด์ œ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ์ •์˜๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ˆ˜์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
100:20
Now actually adverbs can modify otherย  parts of the sentence like other adverbs.ย 
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์ด์ œ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์™€ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ˆ˜์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
100:27
But in this video, we will focusย  on verbs and four kinds of adverbs.ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋ฒˆ ์˜์ƒ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์™€ 4๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
100:34
Adverbs of time. Adverbs of place.ย  Of Manner and Adverbs of Degree.ย 
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ. ์žฅ์†Œ์˜ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ. ๋ฐฉ์‹๊ณผ ์ •๋„์˜ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ.
100:42
Usually they will answer theย  following questions about the verbs:ย 
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋™์‚ฌ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋‹ค์Œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹ตํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค:
100:47
When? Where? How? and To what extent?ย 
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์–ธ์ œ? ์–ด๋””? ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ? ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์–ด๋Š ์ •๋„?
100:55
Let's look at these sentences. "The boy ran."ย 
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ๋“ค์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๊ทธ ์•„์ด๋Š” ๋‹ฌ๋ ธ๋‹ค."
101:02
And then we have, "The boy ran excitedly."ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  "์†Œ๋…„์€ ์‹ ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ๋‹ฌ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."๋ผ๋Š” ๋ง์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
101:07
Now this example shows the power of adverbs.ย 
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์ด์ œ ์ด ์˜ˆ๋Š” ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์˜ ํž˜์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
101:12
In the second sentence youย  find out how the boy ran.ย 
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ๋Š” ์†Œ๋…„์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋‹ฌ๋ ธ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
101:17
In the first sentence you don't have any information on how the boy ran.ย 
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—๋Š” ์†Œ๋…„์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋‹ฌ๋ ธ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
101:22
So in the second sentence, we findย  out that the boy was very excited.ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ ์†Œ๋…„์ด ๋งค์šฐ ํฅ๋ถ„ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
101:28
So it's very important to understandย  adverbs and understand how to use themย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด
101:35
because they will make youย  speak English a lot better.ย 
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์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ์ž˜ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
101:39
So let's get started.ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
101:44
First let's talk about the position of an adverb. So where do we put the adverb in the sentence?ย 
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๋จผ์ € ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์˜ ์œ„์น˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ์–ด๋””์— ๋„ฃ์–ด์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”? ์˜์–ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๊ฐ€
101:53
Now that is a bit tricky because theย  adverb in an English sentence can be inย ย 
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์— ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กญ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
101:59
different parts of the sentence. Let's look at a few examples:ย 
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. ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
102:06
She climbed the mountain slowly. Slowly she climbed the mountain.ย 
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ฒœ์ฒœํžˆ ์‚ฐ์„ ์˜ฌ๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ฒœ์ฒœํžˆ ์‚ฐ์„ ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ”๋‹ค.
102:13
She slowly climbed the mountain. Can you guess which word is the adverb?ย 
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ฒœ์ฒœํžˆ ์‚ฐ์„ ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ”๋‹ค. ์–ด๋–ค ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ธ์ง€ ์ถ”์ธกํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
102:21
The word 'slowly' is the adverb. It describes how she climbed the mountain.ย 
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'์ฒœ์ฒœํžˆ'๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์‚ฐ์— ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์˜ฌ๋ž๋Š”์ง€ ์„ค๋ช…๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
102:28
And as you can see, the adverb is inย  three different parts of the sentenceย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ณด์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
102:35
but the meaning is exactly the same. So let's practice pronunciation.ย 
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์˜๋ฏธ๋Š” ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ๋™์ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•ด ๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”?
102:42
Repeat after me please. She climbed the mountain slowly.ย 
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์ œ ๋ง์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ฒœ์ฒœํžˆ ์‚ฐ์„ ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ”๋‹ค.
102:51
Slowly she climbed the mountain. She slowly climbed the mountain.ย 
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ฒœ์ฒœํžˆ ์‚ฐ์„ ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ”๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ฒœ์ฒœํžˆ ์‚ฐ์„ ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ”๋‹ค.
103:02
Great guys. let's move on. Let's now talk about how to make adverbs.ย 
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ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค. ๊ณ„์†ํ•˜์ž. ์ด์ œ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
103:09
Now most adverbs, not all ofย  them, but most of them end in -ly.ย 
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์ด์ œ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ „๋ถ€๋Š” ์•„๋‹ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด -ly๋กœ ๋๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
103:16
So it's actually very easy. You take the adjective and youย ย 
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์‰ฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ทจํ•˜๊ณ 
103:21
add 'ly' at the end. Let's look at a few examples.ย 
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๋์— 'ly'๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
103:26
If you have the adjective 'nice', and youย  add 'ly' to it, you make the adverb 'nicely'.ย 
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ 'nice'์— 'ly'๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ถ€์‚ฌ 'nicely'๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
103:36
So for example you could say, "He is a nice speaker"ย ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด
103:41
using the adjective 'nice'. But you could also use theย ย 
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ 'nice'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ "๊ทธ๋Š” ์ข‹์€ ์—ฐ์„ค๊ฐ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
103:45
adverb 'nicely' and say, "He speaks nicely."ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ 'nicely'๋ผ๋Š” ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ "๊ทธ๋Š” ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ• 
103:51
A second example - If we take theย  adjective 'quick', and we add 'ly',ย ย 
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์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์˜ˆ - ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ 'quick'์— 'ly'๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ฉด
103:58
we can make the adverb 'quickly'. So we could say,ย 
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๋ถ€์‚ฌ 'quickly'๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
104:02
"He is a quick runner." But we could also say,ย 
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"๊ทธ๋Š” ๋น ๋ฅธ ์ฃผ์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” "๊ทธ๋Š” ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฐ๋‹ค"
104:07
"He runs quickly." Okay. Let's practice pronunciation.ย 
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๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ข‹์•„์š”. ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
104:10
Repeat after me please. "He speaks nicely."ย 
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์ œ ๋ง์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. "๊ทธ๋Š” ๋ง์„ ์ž˜ํ•ด์š”."
104:18
"He runs quickly." Good job guys.ย 
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"๊ทธ๋Š” ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฐ๋‹ค." ์ž˜ํ–ˆ์–ด ์–˜๋“ค์•„.
104:24
Let's move on. Be careful guys.ย 
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๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค. ์กฐ์‹ฌํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
104:27
Not all adverbs end in 'ly'. Some adjectives don't changeย ย 
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๋ชจ๋“  ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ 'ly'๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ถ€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด๋„ ํ˜•ํƒœ๊ฐ€
104:34
form when they become adverbs. They're called flat adverbs.ย 
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๋ณ€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ด๋ฅผ ํ”Œ๋žซ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
104:41
Typical flat adverbs would beย  'early' or 'late' and a few others.ย 
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์ „ํ˜•์ ์ธ ๋‹จ์ˆœ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” 'early' ๋˜๋Š” 'late'์™€ ๊ธฐํƒ€ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
104:49
And it's very important toย  know these flat adverbs.ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋‹จ์กฐ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์•„๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
104:54
Because a lot of my students tryย  to add 'ly' to some adjectivesย 
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๋งŽ์€ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์ผ๋ถ€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์— 'ly'๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ์‹œ๋„
104:59
and unfortunately they make incorrect sentences. So let's take a look at an example.ย 
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ถˆํ–‰ํžˆ๋„ ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
105:08
Okay. If I tell you "The car drove fastly"ย 
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์ข‹์•„์š”. ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ "์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋‹ฌ๋ ธ๋‹ค"๊ณ  ๋งํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
105:12
Do you think that makes sense? Now it does make sense to try to add 'ly'ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ง์ด ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”? ์ด์ œ 'fast'๋ผ๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์—
105:20
to the adjective 'fast', but unfortunately guysย ย 
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'ly'๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€
105:23
'fastly' does not exist in English. So the correct sentence is,ย 
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์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋ถˆํ–‰ํžˆ๋„ guys 'fastly'๋Š” ์˜์–ด์— ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€
105:30
"The car drove fast." Another example,ย 
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"The car Drive fast"์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ๋Š”
105:36
"He arrived 'late' or 'lately' to class." What do you think's the correct answer?ย 
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"๊ทธ๋Š” ์ˆ˜์—…์— '๋Šฆ๊ฒŒ' ๋˜๋Š” '๋Šฆ๊ฒŒ' ๋„์ฐฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." ์ •๋‹ต์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
105:44
Again, it makes sense to try toย  add 'ly' to the adjective 'late',ย 
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๋˜, ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ 'late'์— 'ly'๋ฅผ ๋ถ™์ด๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑด ๋ง์ด ๋˜์ง€๋งŒ,
105:50
but 'lately' is not the adverbย  of the adjective 'late'.ย 
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'lately'๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ 'late'์˜ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
105:54
The adverb is 'late'. So the correct sentence is,ย ย 
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๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” '๋Šฆ๋‹ค'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€
105:59
"He arrived late to class." Let's practice pronunciation.ย 
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"๊ทธ๋Š” ์ˆ˜์—…์— ๋Šฆ๊ฒŒ ๋„์ฐฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
106:03
Please repeat after me. "The car drove fast."ย 
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์ €๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. "์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋‹ฌ๋ ธ์–ด์š”."
106:11
"He arrived late to class."ย 
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"๊ทธ๋Š” ์ˆ˜์—…์— ๋Šฆ๊ฒŒ ๋„์ฐฉํ–ˆ์–ด์š”."
106:17
Great job guys. I hope you now understand flat adverbs better.ย 
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์ •๋ง ์ž˜ํ–ˆ์–ด์š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„. ์ด์ œ ํ”Œ๋žซ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋” ์ž˜ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
106:22
Let's move on. Let's nowย ย 
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๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ
106:24
take a look at a few sentences to practiceย  finding and making adverbs that modify verbs.ย 
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๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์‹ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๊ณ  ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ช‡ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
106:32
Now remember, adverbs tellย  us so much about the verb.ย 
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์ด์ œ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•ด์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
106:38
Usually they tell us 'when' or 'where' or 'how' or 'to what degree'.ย 
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๋ณดํ†ต ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ '์–ธ์ œ', '์–ด๋””', '์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ', '์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜'๋ฅผ ์•Œ๋ ค์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
106:45
So the first example we have is, "He easily lifted the box."ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์˜ˆ๋Š” "๊ทธ๋Š” ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์ƒ์ž๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์˜ฌ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
106:52
Can you spot the adverb in this sentence? Of course the adverb is 'easily' - ending in 'ly'.ย 
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”? ๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” '์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค - 'ly'๋กœ ๋๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
107:02
Okay and it tells us how he lifted the box. It's an adverb of manner.ย 
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ์ž๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์˜ฌ๋ ธ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๋ ค์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งค๋„ˆ์˜ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
107:10
Now the second sentence, and this is a bit more difficult,ย 
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์ด์ œ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ ์ข€ ๋” ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
107:15
"I will download the file tomorrow." Now where is the adverb?ย 
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"๋‚ด์ผ ํŒŒ์ผ์„ ๋‹ค์šด๋กœ๋“œํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." ์ด์ œ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ์–ด๋””์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
107:22
Because there is no word ending in 'ly', so it's a bit more complicated.ย 
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'ly'๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ๋ณต์žกํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
107:28
Well the adverb is 'tomorrow'ย  and it tells you 'when'.ย 
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์Œ, ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” '๋‚ด์ผ'์ด๊ณ  '์–ธ์ œ'๋ฅผ ์•Œ๋ ค์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
107:33
It's an adverb of time. And these are sometimes a bit more difficult.ย 
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ์–ด๋ ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
107:39
Make sure you watch my next video. I will talk about them.ย 
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๋‹ค์Œ ์˜์ƒ๋„ ๊ผญ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
107:43
Our third example now. "I put it there."ย 
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์ด์ œ ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ๋’€์–ด์š”."
107:49
Again no words ending in 'ly'. The adverb is the word 'there'.ย 
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์—ญ์‹œ 'ly'๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” '๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ'๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
107:56
And it tells us 'where'. It's an adverb of place.ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  '์–ด๋””'์ธ์ง€ ์•Œ๋ ค์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์žฅ์†Œ์˜ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
108:00
We will talk about them in our next videos as well.ย 
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๋‹ค์Œ ์˜์ƒ์—์„œ๋„ ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
108:04
And our last example, "You didn't study enough for the test."ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์˜ˆ๋Š” "๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์‹œํ—˜ ๊ณต๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
108:11
The adverb is the word 'enough'. And it's an adverb of degree.ย 
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๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” '์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•˜๋‹ค'๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•™์œ„์˜ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
108:17
Okay. It tells us to what degree.ย 
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์ข‹์•„์š”. ์–ด๋Š ์ •๋„์ธ์ง€ ์•Œ๋ ค์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
108:22
Again it's not a word ending in 'ly'. And we will talk about adverbsย ย 
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๋˜ 'ly'๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์Œ ์˜์ƒ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ•™์œ„ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
108:27
of degree in our next videos. For now, let's practice pronunciation a bit.ย 
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. ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
108:30
Please repeat after me. "He easily lifted the box."ย 
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์ €๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. "๊ทธ๋Š” ์ƒ์ž๋ฅผ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋“ค์–ด ์˜ฌ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
108:39
"I will download the file tomorrow."ย 
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"๋‚ด์ผ ํŒŒ์ผ์„ ๋‹ค์šด๋กœ๋“œํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
108:45
"I put it there."ย 
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"๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ๋’€์–ด์š”."
108:50
"You didn't study enough for the test."ย 
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"๋„ˆ ์‹œํ—˜ ๊ณต๋ถ€ ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ์•ˆ ํ–ˆ์–ด."
108:57
Great guys. Remember guys - it's very important toย ย 
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ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค. ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„, ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
109:01
understand adverbs and to know how to make them. They will make you speak English so much better.ย 
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๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์•„๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ์ž˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
109:09
And this video was only a quickย  introduction to adverbs in English.ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋ฒˆ ์˜์ƒ์€ ์˜์–ด ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ„๋žตํ•œ ์†Œ๊ฐœ์— ๋ถˆ๊ณผํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
109:14
In our next videos, we willย  focus on each kind of adverbs.ย 
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๋‹ค์Œ ์˜์ƒ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ฐ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
109:18
So make sure you watch the rest of the course. Thank you for watching my videoย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ๊ฐ•์ขŒ๋„ ๊ผญ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ์ œ ์˜์ƒ์„ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ณ 
109:24
and see you next time. Thank you guys for watching my video.ย 
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๋‹ค์Œ์— ๋˜ ๋งŒ๋‚˜์š”. ์ œ ์˜์ƒ์„ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
109:30
I hope you liked it and found it useful. If you have, please show me your support.ย 
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์œ ์šฉํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ง€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
109:36
Click 'like', subscribe to the channel. Put your comments below if you have any,.ย 
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'์ข‹์•„์š”'๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๊ณ  ์ฑ„๋„์„ ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด ์žˆ์œผ์‹œ๋ฉด ์•„๋ž˜์— ์ ์–ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
109:40
And share the video with your friends. See you.ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ์˜์ƒ์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ๋˜ ๋ด์š”.
110:01
Hello, everyone. Welcome to this English course on adverbs.ย 
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„, ์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์˜์–ด ๊ฐ•์ขŒ์— ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
110:05
And in this video I'm gonna focus on Adverbs of Time.ย 
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์ด๋ฒˆ ์˜์ƒ์—์„œ๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
110:10
Now adverbs of time tell us โ€˜whenโ€™ an action happens,ย 
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์ด์ œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ํ–‰๋™์ด '์–ธ์ œ' ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š”์ง€,
110:14
and also โ€˜how longโ€™ and โ€˜how oftenโ€™. Now these adverbs are extremely common inย 
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'์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ', '์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์ž์ฃผ'๋ฅผ ์•Œ๋ ค์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š”
110:23
English,ย 
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110:23
so you really need to know about them. So let's start learning together.ย 
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์˜์–ด
์—์„œ ๋งค์šฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ•™์Šต์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด ๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”?
110:32
Let's now take a look at a few example sentences telling us โ€˜whenโ€™ something happened.ย 
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์ด์ œ '์–ธ์ œ' ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฌธ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
110:40
โ€˜She ate ice cream yesterday.โ€™ The adverb in this sentence isโ€ฆ have youย 
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'๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์–ด์ œ ์•„์ด์Šคํฌ๋ฆผ์„ ๋จน์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.' ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š”
110:47
noticed? โ€˜yesterdayโ€™ of course.ย 
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โ€ฆ ๋ฌผ๋ก  '์–ด์ œ'.
110:50
And it's an adverb of time. When did you eat ice cream?ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์ด์Šคํฌ๋ฆผ์€ ์–ธ์ œ ๋จน์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”?
110:55
โ€˜yesterdayโ€™ I see you now.ย 
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'์–ด์ œ' ์ด์ œ ๋งŒ๋‚˜์š”.
111:00
Now where is the adverb in this sentence? Of course the adverb is โ€˜nowโ€™.ย 
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์ด์ œ ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ์–ด๋””์— ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”? ๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” '์ง€๊ธˆ'์ด๋‹ค.
111:07
Again it's an adverb of time. When do I see you?ย 
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์ด๋ฒˆ์—๋„ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ธ์ œ ๋ด์š”?
111:11
โ€˜nowโ€™ โ€˜I tell him daily.โ€™ย 
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'์ด์ œ' '๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ์—๊ฒŒ ๋งค์ผ ๋งํ•ด์š”.'
111:16
The adverb is โ€˜dailyโ€™. Again adverb of time.ย 
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๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” '๋งค์ผ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์‹œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ.
111:22
โ€˜We met last year.โ€™ Can you see the adverb?ย 
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'์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ž‘๋…„์— ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.' ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
111:28
Of course the adverb in this case is โ€˜last yearโ€™.ย 
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์˜ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” '์ž‘๋…„'์ด๋‹ค.
111:33
Again notion of time. When did we meet?ย 
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๋‹ค์‹œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ฐœ๋…. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์–ธ์ œ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ์–ด์š”?
111:37
โ€˜last yearโ€™ And finally, โ€˜He will call you laterโ€™.ย 
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'์ž‘๋…„' ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ '๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ์ „ํ™”ํ•  ๊ฑฐ์•ผ'.
111:42
The adverb in this sentence is also an adverb of time.ย 
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
111:46
It is โ€˜laterโ€™. So these are all adverbs of timeย 
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'๋‚˜์ค‘์—'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
111:52
And as you can see in those examples, usually adverbs of time are at the end ofย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ์˜ˆ๋ฌธ์—์„œ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋“ฏ์ด, ๋ณดํ†ต ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ ์˜ ๋์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
111:59
the sentence. Let's do a bit of pronunciation practice.ย 
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๋ฐœ์Œ ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ์ข€ ํ•ด๋ณด์ž.
112:01
Repeat after me, please. โ€˜She ate ice cream yesterday.โ€™ย 
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์ œ ๋ง์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. '๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์–ด์ œ ์•„์ด์Šคํฌ๋ฆผ์„ ๋จน์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
112:10
โ€˜I see you now.โ€™ย 
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'์ด์ œ ๋งŒ๋‚˜์š”.'
112:15
โ€˜I tell him daily.โ€™ โ€˜We met last year.โ€™ย 
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'๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ์—๊ฒŒ ๋งค์ผ ๋งํ•œ๋‹ค.' '์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ž‘๋…„์— ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
112:25
โ€˜He will call you later.โ€™ย 
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'๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ์ „ํ™”ํ•  ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.'
112:30
Good guys. Let's move on.ย 
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์ข‹์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค. ๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
112:33
Let's now move on to example sentences showing us how long something happened.ย 
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์ด์ œ ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ์˜ˆ๋ฌธ์œผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
112:39
These adverbs are also usually placed at the end of the sentence.ย 
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์ด ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๋์— ๋ฐฐ์น˜๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
112:45
But let's have a look. โ€˜She stayed home all day.โ€™ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์ž. '๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ํ•˜๋ฃจ ์ข…์ผ ์ง‘์— ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.'
112:51
Which part of this sentence is an adverb? Can you see it?ย 
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์–ด๋Š ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”? ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
112:56
Of course, โ€˜all dayโ€™. And it tells us how long she stayed home.ย 
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๋ฌผ๋ก  'ํ•˜๋ฃจ ์ข…์ผ'์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์ง‘์— ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์˜ค๋ž˜ ๋จธ๋ฌผ๋ €๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๋ ค์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
113:04
โ€˜I studied in Canada for a year now.โ€™ In this sentence, โ€˜for a yearโ€™ tells usย 
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'์ €๋Š” ์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค์—์„œ 1๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.' ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ 'for a year'๋Š” ์ œ๊ฐ€
113:12
how long I studied in Canada. โ€˜He has taught English since 1990.โ€™ย 
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์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค์—์„œ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ๋งํ•ด์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '๊ทธ๋Š” 1990๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
113:23
How long has he taught English? Since 1990.ย 
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณค๋‚˜์š”? 1990๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ.
113:29
โ€˜I studied English for four hours.โ€™ Which pond is the adverb?ย 
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'4์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.' ์–ด๋–ค ์—ฐ๋ชป์ด ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
113:37
โ€˜For four hoursโ€™ โ€˜How long did I study English?โ€™ย 
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'4์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ' '๋‚˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ–ˆ์ง€?'
113:42
โ€˜for four hoursโ€™ And finally, โ€˜We have lived in New Zealandย 
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'4์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ' ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ '์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 2005๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋‰ด์งˆ๋žœ๋“œ์— ์‚ด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
113:48
since 2005.โ€™ The adverb is of course โ€˜since 2005โ€™.ย 
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' ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋‹น์—ฐํžˆ '2005๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ'์ด๋‹ค.
113:56
As you can see adverbs are not necessarily just one word.ย 
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๋ณด์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
114:03
โ€˜since 2005โ€™ - two words. โ€˜for four hoursโ€™ - three words.ย 
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'2005๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ' - ๋‘ ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '4์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ' - ์„ธ ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
114:09
Okay, so they're not just one word sometimes they're more than one.ย 
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ํ•˜๋‚˜ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
114:12
Now let's do a bit of pronunciation practice. Repeat after me.ย 
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์ด์ œ ๋ฐœ์Œ ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ํ•ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
114:16
โ€˜She stayed home all day.โ€™ย 
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'๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ํ•˜๋ฃจ ์ข…์ผ ์ง‘์— ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.'
114:21
โ€˜I studied in Canada for a year.โ€™ โ€˜He has taught English since 1990.โ€™ย 
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'์ €๋Š” ์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค์—์„œ 1๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.' '๊ทธ๋Š” 1990๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
114:34
โ€˜I studied English for four hours.โ€™ย 
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'๋‚˜๋Š” 4์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.'
114:41
โ€˜We have lived in New Zealand since 2005.โ€™ย 
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'์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 2005๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋‰ด์งˆ๋žœ๋“œ์— ์‚ด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
114:49
Good guys. Let's move on.ย 
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์ข‹์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค. ๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
114:51
Adverbs telling us how often express the frequency of an action.ย 
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ํ–‰๋™์˜ ๋นˆ๋„๋ฅผ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋นˆ๋„๋ฅผ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ๋Š” ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
114:57
They're usually placed before the main verb, but after the auxiliary verb,ย 
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฃผ๋™์‚ฌ ์•ž์— ๋ฐฐ์น˜๋˜์ง€๋งŒ
115:05
such as B may have or must. The only exception is if the main verb isย 
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B may have ๋˜๋Š” must์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ ๋’ค์— ๋ฐฐ์น˜๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์œ ์ผํ•œ ์˜ˆ์™ธ๋Š” ์ฃผ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€
115:14
the verb to be. In which case the adverb goes after the mainย 
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be ๋™์‚ฌ์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ๋™์‚ฌ ๋’ค์— ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
115:20
verb. Let's have a look at a few example sentences.ย 
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. ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฌธ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
115:26
โ€˜I often eat pizza.โ€™ Can you spot the adverb?ย 
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'๋‚˜๋Š” ํ”ผ์ž๋ฅผ ์ž์ฃผ ๋จน์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.' ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
115:33
It's โ€˜oftenโ€™. And as you can see, it is placed before theย 
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'์ž์ฃผ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ณด์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ
115:39
main verb which is โ€˜eatโ€™. So โ€˜I often eatโ€™.ย 
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'๋จน๋‹ค'๋ผ๋Š” ๋ณธ๋™์‚ฌ ์•ž์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ '์ž์ฃผ ๋จน๋Š”๋‹ค'.
115:45
The second example, โ€˜He has never drunk Cola.โ€™ย 
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์˜ˆ๋Š” '๊ทธ๋Š” ์ฝœ๋ผ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์‹  ์ ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
115:50
In this case, we have an auxiliary verb. The auxiliary verb โ€˜haveโ€™ and the mainย 
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋ณด์กฐ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” 'have'์ด๊ณ  ๋ณธ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š”
115:56
verb is โ€˜drunkโ€™. So the adverb is placed between the auxiliaryย 
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'drunk'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ
116:03
verb and the main verb. โ€˜He has never drunk.โ€™ย 
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์™€ ๋ณธ๋™์‚ฌ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์ˆ ์„ ๋งˆ์…”๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์—†์–ด์š”.'
116:09
โ€˜You must always brush your teeth.โ€™ Same applies.ย 
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'ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ด๋ฅผ ๋‹ฆ์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.' ๋™์ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
116:14
We have an auxiliary verb โ€˜mustโ€™. Okay.ย 
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์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ 'must'๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”.
116:18
And we have the main verb โ€˜brushโ€™, so the adverb goes after the axillary verb,ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ฃผ๋™์‚ฌ 'brush'๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ฒจ๋“œ๋ž‘์ด ๋™์‚ฌ ๋’ค์— ์˜ค์ง€๋งŒ
116:24
but before the main verb. โ€˜You must always brush.โ€™ย 
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์ฃผ๋™์‚ฌ ์•ž์— ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 'ํ•ญ์ƒ ์–‘์น˜์งˆ์„ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
116:30
โ€˜I am seldom lateโ€™. So the main verb is the verb โ€˜to beโ€™.ย 
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'๋‚˜๋Š” ์ข€์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋Šฆ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค'. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ณธ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” 'to be'๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
116:38
Be careful. So in this case the adverb goes after theย 
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์กฐ์‹ฌํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ๋™์‚ฌ ๋’ค์— ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
116:42
main verb. โ€˜I am seldom lateโ€™.ย 
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. '๋‚˜๋Š” ์ข€์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋Šฆ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค'.
116:46
And finally, โ€˜He rarely lies.โ€™ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ '๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ง“๋ง์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค.'
116:50
The main verb is โ€˜liesโ€™. So the adverb goes before the main verb.ย 
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์ฃผ์š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” '๊ฑฐ์ง“๋ง'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ณธ๋™์‚ฌ ์•ž์— ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
116:56
โ€˜He rarely liesโ€™. Okay.ย 
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'๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ง“๋ง์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค'. ์ข‹์•„์š”.
116:59
Let's do a bit of pronunciation practice. Now repeat after me.ย 
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๋ฐœ์Œ ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ์ข€ ํ•ด๋ณด์ž. ์ด์ œ ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
117:02
โ€˜I often eat pizza.โ€™ย 
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'๋‚˜๋Š” ํ”ผ์ž๋ฅผ ์ž์ฃผ ๋จน์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
117:08
โ€˜He has never drunk Cola.โ€™ โ€˜You must always brush your teeth.โ€™ย 
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'๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์ฝœ๋ผ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์…”๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์—†์–ด์š”.' 'ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ด๋ฅผ ๋‹ฆ์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
117:20
โ€˜I am seldom late.โ€™ โ€˜He rarely lies.โ€™ย 
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'๋‚˜๋Š” ์ข€์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋Šฆ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค.' '๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๊ฑฐ์ง“๋ง์„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
117:30
Great job guys. Let's move on.ย 
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์ •๋ง ์ž˜ํ–ˆ์–ด์š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„. ๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
117:33
Some adverbs expressing โ€˜how oftenโ€™ express the exact number of times that an action happenedย 
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'์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์ž์ฃผ'๋ฅผ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ถ€์‚ฌ ์ค‘ ์–ด๋–ค ํ–‰๋™์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ํšŸ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š”
117:42
They're called definite โ€˜adverbs of frequencyโ€™. And in this case, they're usually placed atย 
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๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ '๋นˆ๋„ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ'๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋Œ€๊ฐœ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ๋์—
117:49
the end of the sentence. Let's have a look at a few examples.ย 
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๋ฐฐ์น˜๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
117:54
โ€˜I visit my dentist yearly.โ€™ The adverb is โ€˜yearlyโ€™.ย 
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'๋‚˜๋Š” ๋งค๋…„ ์น˜๊ณผ ์˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.' ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” '๋งค๋…„'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
118:01
Okay. โ€˜Once a yearโ€™ and it expresses the exactย 
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์ข‹์•„์š”. '1๋…„์— ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ'์€ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์น˜๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•˜๋Š” ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ
118:04
number of times that I visit my dentist. It's a definite adverb of frequency,ย 
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ํšŸ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋นˆ๋„์˜ ํ•œ์ •๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ
118:11
so it's placed at the end of the sentence. Other example,ย 
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ:
118:16
โ€˜He goes to the gym once a week.โ€™ Again we have a definite adverb of frequencyย 
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'๊ทธ๋Š” ์ผ์ฃผ์ผ์— ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ์ฒด์œก๊ด€์— ๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.' ์ด๋ฒˆ์—๋„ '์ผ์ฃผ์ผ์— ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ'์ด๋ผ๋Š”
118:23
which is โ€˜once a weekโ€™. โ€˜I work five days a week.โ€™ย 
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๋ช…ํ™•ํ•œ ๋นˆ๋„ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . '๋‚˜๋Š” ์ฃผ 5์ผ ์ผํ•ด์š”.' ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ. '5 days a week'
118:32
Same thing. We have a definite adverb of frequency whichย 
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๋ผ๋Š” ๋นˆ๋„๋ถ€์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ
118:36
is โ€˜five days a weekโ€™ so it's placed at the end of the sentence.ย 
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๋ฌธ์žฅ ๋์— ๋ฐฐ์น˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
118:41
And finally, โ€˜I saw the movie five times.โ€™ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ '์˜ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์„ฏ ๋ฒˆ ๋ดค๋‹ค'๊ณ  ๋‹ตํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
118:46
Again โ€˜five timesโ€™ expresses the exact number of times that I saw the movie.ย 
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๋˜ '๋‹ค์„ฏ ๋ฒˆ'์€ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์˜ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ณธ ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ํšŸ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•œ๋‹ค.
118:53
Let's do a bit of pronunciation practice. Repeat after me.ย 
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๋ฐœ์Œ ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ์ข€ ํ•ด๋ณด์ž. ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
118:56
โ€˜I visit my dentist yearly.โ€™ โ€˜He goes to the gym once a week.โ€™ย 
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'๋‚˜๋Š” ๋งค๋…„ ์น˜๊ณผ ์˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.' '๊ทธ๋Š” ์ผ์ฃผ์ผ์— ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ์”ฉ ์ฒด์œก๊ด€์— ๊ฐ€์š”.'
119:07
โ€˜I work five days a week.โ€™ โ€˜I saw the movie five times.โ€™ย 
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'๋‚˜๋Š” ์ฃผ 5์ผ ์ผํ•ด์š”.' '์˜ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์„ฏ ๋ฒˆ ๋ดค์–ด์š”.'
119:19
Good. Moving on now.ย 
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์ข‹์€. ์ด์ œ ๊ณ„์†ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
119:22
If you want to use more than one adverb of time in a sentence,ย 
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ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์— ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ ์ด์ƒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด
119:27
you should put them in the following order: First, โ€˜how long?โ€™.ย 
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๋‹ค์Œ ์ˆœ์„œ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋„ฃ์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ, '์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์˜ค๋ž˜?'.
119:33
Second, โ€˜how often?โ€™. And finally, โ€˜when?โ€™.ย 
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๋‘˜์งธ, '์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์ž์ฃผ?'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ '์–ธ์ œ?'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
119:38
Let's take a look at a very good example sentence. โ€˜He taught at the school for ten days everyย 
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์•„์ฃผ ์ข‹์€ ์˜ˆ๋ฌธ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '๊ทธ๋Š” ์ž‘๋…„์—
119:47
month last year.โ€™ Now as you can see, first, we're told โ€˜howย 
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๋งค๋‹ฌ ์—ดํ˜ ๋™์•ˆ ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .' ๋ณด์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ๋จผ์ € '์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜
119:55
longโ€™ - for ten days. Then, we're told โ€˜how oftenโ€™ - every month.ย 
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์˜ค๋ž˜'๋ผ๋Š” ๋ง์„ ๋“ฃ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰ 10์ผ ๋™์•ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋งค๋‹ฌ '์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์ž์ฃผ'๋ผ๋Š” ๋ง์„ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
120:02
And finally, were told โ€˜whenโ€™ exactly - last year.ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด ์ž‘๋…„์— ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ '์–ธ์ œ'๋ผ๋Š” ๋ง์„ ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
120:07
This is a very good sentence using the different kinds of adverbs of time in the right order,ย 
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๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆœ์„œ๋Œ€๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ์•„์ฃผ ์ข‹์€ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด๋‹ˆ
120:14
so I hope you can do the same let's practiceย 
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋„ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์ด ๋”ฐ๋ผํ•ด ๋ณด์‹œ๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
120:17
pronunciation together. Now repeat after me.ย 
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. ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•ด ๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”? ์ด์ œ ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
120:20
โ€˜He taught at the school for 10 days every month last year.โ€™ย 
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'๊ทธ๋Š” ์ž‘๋…„์— ๋งค๋‹ฌ 10์ผ ๋™์•ˆ ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณค์–ด์š”.'
120:32
Good job, guys. Let's now practice together okay guys.ย 
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์ž˜ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„. ์ด์ œ ๊ฐ™์ด ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜์ž ์–˜๋“ค์•„.
120:37
Let's do a bit of extra practice. I have four example sentences for you to spotย 
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์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ์—ฐ์Šตํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ โ€‹โ€‹์•Œ์•„๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋„ค ๊ฐœ์˜ ์˜ˆ๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ
120:43
adverbs of time, so let's get started.ย 
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์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
120:47
โ€˜He has been to Canada three times.โ€™ Can you spot the adverb?ย 
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'๊ทธ๋Š” ์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค์— ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฐ€๋ดค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.' ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
120:54
Of course the adverb is the adverb frequency โ€˜three timesโ€™.ย 
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋นˆ๋„ '์„ธ๋ฒˆ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
120:59
Okay. How often has he been to Canada three times.ย 
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์ข‹์•„์š”. ๊ทธ๋Š” ์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค์— ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์ž์ฃผ ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
121:04
The second example is, โ€˜Generally I don't like to eat spicy food.โ€™ย 
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์˜ˆ๋Š” '์ €๋Š” ์›๋ž˜ ๋งค์šด ์Œ์‹์„ ์ž˜ ์•ˆ ๋จน๋Š” ํŽธ์ด์—์š”.'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
121:11
The adverb is โ€˜generallyโ€™. And remember I told you some adverbs of frequencyย 
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๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” '์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋นˆ๋„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ๋•Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ์‹œ์ž‘ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ๋นˆ๋„
121:17
work well at the beginning of a sentence if you want to emphasize the frequency,ย 
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๋ถ€์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ž˜ ์ž‘๋™ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฐ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š” .
121:23
so โ€˜generallyโ€™ is one of them. Another example would be โ€˜sometimesโ€™.ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ '์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ'๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ๋กœ๋Š” '๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ'๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
121:30
Next example. โ€˜He will clean his room regularly from nowย 
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๋‹ค์Œ ์˜ˆ. '๊ทธ๋Š” ์ด์ œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ •๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐฉ์„ ์ฒญ์†Œํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค
121:35
on.โ€™ Now be careful.ย 
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.' ์ด์ œ ์กฐ์‹ฌํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
121:38
In this case, we have two adverbs. The first one โ€˜regularlyโ€™.ย 
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š” '์ •๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
121:43
The second one โ€˜from now onโ€™. Keeping the order, โ€˜regularlyโ€™ is โ€˜howย 
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š” '์ง€๊ธˆ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ˆœ์„œ๋ฅผ ์ง€ํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด '์ •๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ'๋Š” '์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜
121:49
often?โ€™ followed by โ€˜when?โ€™ โ€“ โ€˜from now onโ€™.ย 
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์ž์ฃผ?' ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ์€ '์–ธ์ œ?' - '์ง€๊ธˆ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ'.
121:54
And finally, โ€˜I've been going to church for four daysย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ '๋‚˜๋Š” 1996๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋งค๋‹ฌ
121:59
every month since 1996.โ€™ Three adverbs in this case.ย 
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4์ผ์”ฉ ๊ตํšŒ์— ๋‹ค๋…”๋‹ค. ' ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์„ธ ๊ฐœ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
122:08
โ€˜how long?โ€™ โ€“ โ€˜for four daysโ€™ย 
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'์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์˜ค๋ž˜?' โ€“ '4์ผ ๋™์•ˆ'
122:11
โ€˜how often?โ€™ - โ€˜every monthโ€™ย 
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'์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์ž์ฃผ?' - '๋งค์›”'
122:14
โ€˜when?โ€™ โ€“ โ€˜since 1996โ€™ Let's practice pronunciation now.ย 
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'์–ธ์ œ?' โ€“ 'since 1996' ์ด์ œ ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
122:19
Please repeat after me. โ€˜He's been to Canada three times.โ€™ย 
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์ €๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. '๊ทธ๋Š” ์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค์— ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฐ€๋ดค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
122:28
โ€˜Generally, I don't like to eat spicy food.โ€™ย 
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'์ €๋Š” ์›๋ž˜ ๋งค์šด ์Œ์‹์„ ๋ณ„๋กœ ์•ˆ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ด์š”.'
122:35
โ€˜He will clean his room regularly from now on.โ€™ย 
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'๊ทธ๋Š” ์ด์ œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ •๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐฉ์„ ์ฒญ์†Œํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.'
122:42
โ€˜I've been going to church for four days every month since 1996.โ€™ย 
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'์ €๋Š” 1996๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋งค๋‹ฌ 4์ผ์”ฉ ๊ตํšŒ์— ๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
122:52
Great job. Moving on.ย 
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์ž˜ ํ–ˆ์–ด. ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ.
122:55
Okay guys. You now know a lot more about adverbs of time.ย 
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์•Œ์•˜์–ด ์–˜๋“ค์•„. ์ด์ œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
123:00
Remember these adverbs are extremely common in English,ย 
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์ด ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ์˜์–ด์—์„œ ๋งค์šฐ ํ”ํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ
123:05
so it's very important for you to learn about them.ย 
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์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
123:09
They will improve your English skills very quickly.ย 
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์˜์–ด ์‹ค๋ ฅ์„ ๋งค์šฐ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ฌ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
123:13
Okay now there are obviously other types ofย 
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ์ด์ œ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์œ ํ˜•์˜ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
123:16
adverbs - adverbs of place of manner and of degreeย 
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- ๋ฐฉ์‹๊ณผ ์ •๋„์˜ ์žฅ์†Œ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ
123:21
And I will focus on these in my next videos, so check them out.ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์Œ ๋น„๋””์˜ค์—์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•  ํ…Œ๋‹ˆ ํ™•์ธํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
123:27
Thank you for watching my video and see you next time.ย 
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์ œ ์˜์ƒ์„ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‹ค์Œ์— ๋˜ ๋งŒ๋‚˜์š”.
123:35
Thank you very much guys for watching my video. I hope you liked it, and if you did, pleaseย 
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์ œ ์˜์ƒ์„ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด์ฃผ์‹  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ป˜ ์ง„์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ์‚ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“œ์…จ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ฉฐ, ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“œ์…จ๋‹ค๋ฉด
123:41
show me your support. Click like, subscribe to the channel, putย 
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์‘์›ํ•ด ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ์ข‹์•„์š”๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๊ณ  ์ฑ„๋„์„ ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜๊ณ 
123:45
your comments below if you have some, and share it with all your friends.ย 
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๋Œ“๊ธ€์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ์•„๋ž˜์— ๋Œ“๊ธ€์„ ๋‹ฌ๊ณ  ๋ชจ๋“  ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
124:06
Hello, everyone. Welcome to this English course on adverbs.ย 
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„, ์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์˜์–ด ๊ฐ•์ขŒ์— ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
124:10
In this video, we're gonna talk about adverbs of place.ย 
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์ด๋ฒˆ ์˜์ƒ์—์„œ๋Š” ์žฅ์†Œ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
124:16
Adverbs of place tell us where an action happens. They could also give us information on direction,ย 
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์žฅ์†Œ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ํ–‰๋™์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ณณ์„ ์•Œ๋ ค์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ, ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ, ์ด๋™ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
124:25
distance, or movement. Let's take a look at a quick example.ย 
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. ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
124:30
โ€˜Let's go and play outdoors.โ€™ Now in this sentence, the adverb of placeย 
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'์•ผ์™ธ๋กœ ๋‚˜๊ฐ€์„œ ๋†€์ž.' ์ด์ œ ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ์žฅ์†Œ์˜ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š”
124:37
is โ€˜outdoorsโ€™. It answers the question, โ€˜Where?โ€™.ย 
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'์•ผ์™ธ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '์–ด๋””?'๋ผ๋Š” ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹ตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
124:42
Where? โ€˜Outdoors.โ€™ย 
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์–ด๋””? '์˜ฅ์™ธ.'
124:44
Okay. Now let's learn a bit more about adverbsย 
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์ข‹์•„์š”. ์ด์ œ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์žฅ์†Œ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ข€ ๋” ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
124:49
of place together. Let's get started.ย 
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. ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์ž.
124:55
First, let's talk a bit about โ€˜hereโ€™ and โ€˜thereโ€™.ย 
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๋จผ์ € '์—ฌ๊ธฐ'์™€ '์ €๊ธฐ'์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์กฐ๊ธˆ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
124:59
โ€˜Hereโ€™ and โ€˜thereโ€™ are two adverbs of place that relates specifically to the speaker.ย 
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'์—ฌ๊ธฐ'์™€ '์ €๊ธฐ'๋Š” ํ™”์ž์™€ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์žฅ์†Œ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
125:06
โ€˜Hereโ€™ meaning close to the speaker. Close to me.ย 
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'์—ฌ๊ธฐ'๋Š” ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์ด.
125:10
โ€˜Thereโ€™ meaning farther away. Okay. Let's take a look at a few examples.ย 
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'๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ'๋Š” ๋” ๋ฉ€๋ฆฌ๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ด๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”. ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
125:16
โ€˜I put my keys there.โ€™ So the adverb โ€˜thereโ€™ indicating the locationย 
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'์—ด์‡ ๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ๋‘์—ˆ์–ด์š”.' ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ '์ €๊ธฐ'๋ผ๋Š” ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ์—ด์‡ ์˜ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ โ€‹โ€‹๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š”๋ฐ
125:24
of the keys and they're a bit farther away from me.ย 
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, ์—ด์‡ ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ์„œ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ๋–จ์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด๋‹ค.
125:27
Okay? Second example.ย 
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์ข‹์•„์š”? ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์˜ˆ.
125:30
โ€˜Please come here.โ€™ โ€˜Hereโ€™ being the adverb, you know, meaningย 
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'์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์˜ค์„ธ์š”.' '์—ฌ๊ธฐ'๋ผ๋Š” ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š”
125:35
to me. So these adverbsย ย 
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๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š”
125:39
are place at the end of the sentence.ย 
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ๋์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
125:42
But you can also put them at the beginning if you want to emphasize the location.ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์‹œ์ž‘ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ๋„ฃ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
125:49
For example, โ€˜Here are your keys.โ€™ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, '์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์—ด์‡ ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
125:53
โ€˜Hereโ€™. close to me.ย 
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'์—ฌ๊ธฐ'. ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์ด.
125:56
โ€˜There is your umbrella.โ€™ Over there, farther away.ย 
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'์ €๊ธฐ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์šฐ์‚ฐ์ด ์žˆ์–ด์š”.' ์ €๊ธฐ, ๋” ๋ฉ€๋ฆฌ.
126:01
So in these two cases, I want to emphasize the locationย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ๋‘ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ด์„œ
126:05
so I place the adverb at the beginning of the sentence.ย 
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๋ฌธ์žฅ ์‹œ์ž‘ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์น˜ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
126:08
Okay, guys? Let's now practice pronunciation.ย 
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์•Œ์•˜์–ด, ์–˜๋“ค์•„? ์ด์ œ ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•ด ๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”?
126:10
Please repeat after me. โ€˜I put my keys there.โ€™ย 
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์ €๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. '์—ด์‡ ๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ๋‘์—ˆ์–ด์š”.'
126:19
โ€˜Please come here.โ€™ย 
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'์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์˜ค์„ธ์š”.'
126:24
โ€˜Here are your keys.โ€™ โ€˜There is your umbrella.โ€™ย 
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'์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์—ด์‡ ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.' '์ €๊ธฐ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์šฐ์‚ฐ์ด ์žˆ์–ด์š”.'
126:33
Good job, guys. Let's move on.ย 
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์ž˜ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„. ๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
126:37
Let's now take a look at adverbs of movement and directions.ย 
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์ด์ œ ์›€์ง์ž„๊ณผ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์˜ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ โ€‹โ€‹์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
126:42
Some adverbs end in โ€˜-wardโ€™. Or โ€˜-wardsโ€™.ย 
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์ผ๋ถ€ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” '-ward'๋กœ ๋๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜๋Š” '-์™€๋“œ'.
126:52
It's the same thing. And they expressย ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ๊ฐ™์€๊ฑฐ์•ผ. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํŠน์ • ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ์˜ ์›€์ง์ž„์„
126:55
movement in a particular direction. For example, โ€˜homewardโ€™ or โ€˜homewardsโ€™ย 
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ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด 'homeward' ๋˜๋Š” 'homewards'
127:04
โ€˜backwardโ€™ or โ€˜backwardsโ€™ โ€˜forwardโ€™ or โ€˜forwardsโ€™ย 
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'backward' ๋˜๋Š” 'backwards' 'forward' ๋˜๋Š” 'forwards'
127:10
โ€˜onwardโ€™ or โ€˜onwardsโ€™ So they express a movement.ย 
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'onward' ๋˜๋Š” 'onwards' ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์›€์ง์ž„์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
127:15
And they specify a particular direction. Let's take a look at a few examples sentences.ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ ์ง€์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฌธ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
127:23
โ€˜We drove eastwards.โ€™ or โ€˜eastwardโ€™. It would be the exact same thing.ย 
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'์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋™์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ์šด์ „ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.' ๋˜๋Š” '๋™์ชฝ'. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
127:31
โ€˜The children looked upwards at the stars.โ€™ โ€˜You need to move forward one step.โ€™ย 
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'์•„์ด๋“ค์€ ๋ณ„์„ ์˜ฌ๋ ค๋‹ค๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.' 'ํ•œ ๊ฑธ์Œ ๋” ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€์•ผ ํ•ด.'
127:42
So each time you have a movement specifying the direction of this movement.ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์›€์ง์ž„์ด ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค ์ด ์›€์ง์ž„์˜ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ ์ง€์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
127:49
Okay? Good.ย 
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์ข‹์•„์š”? ์ข‹์€.
127:50
Let's practice pronunciation now. Repeat after me please.ย 
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์ด์ œ ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•ด ๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”? ์ œ ๋ง์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
127:54
โ€˜We drove eastwards.โ€™ย 
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'์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋™์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ์šด์ „ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
127:59
โ€˜The children looked upwards at the stars.โ€™ย 
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'์•„์ด๋“ค์€ ๋ณ„์„ ์˜ฌ๋ ค๋‹ค๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
128:07
โ€˜You need to move forward one step.โ€™ย 
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'ํ•œ ๊ฑธ์Œ ๋” ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€์•ผ ํ•ด.'
128:14
Good, guys. Let's move on.ย 
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„. ๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
128:17
Some adverbs express both movement and location at the same time.ย 
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์ผ๋ถ€ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ์›€์ง์ž„๊ณผ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ๋™์‹œ์— ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
128:24
For example, when I say, โ€˜The child went indoors,โ€™ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด '์•„์ด๊ฐ€ ์‹ค๋‚ด๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ”์–ด์š”'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด
128:30
There's a movement. The child goes into the house.ย 
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์›€์ง์ž„์ด ์žˆ์–ด์š”. ์•„์ด๊ฐ€ ์ง‘์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
128:35
But it's also a location. He's inside โ€“ indoors.ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์œ„์น˜์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ์•ˆ์— ์žˆ์–ด์š” โ€“ ์‹ค๋‚ด์— ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
128:41
Another example would be, โ€˜He's going abroad.โ€™ย 
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ๋Š” '๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ํ•ด์™ธ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋Š”๋ฐ'์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
128:45
It's a movement, but it's also a location abroad in another country.ย 
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๋ฌด๋ธŒ๋จผํŠธ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‚˜๋ผ์˜ ํ•ด์™ธ ๋กœ์ผ€์ด์…˜์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
128:52
Finally I could say, โ€˜The rock rolled downhill.โ€™ย 
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๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด ๋‚˜๋Š” '๋ฐ”์œ„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ๊ตด๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ”๋‹ค'๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
128:57
There's the movement going down, but it's alsoย 
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์•„๋ž˜๋กœ ๋‚ด๋ ค๊ฐ€๋Š” ์›€์ง์ž„์ด ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
129:00
a location. Now let's practice pronunciation.ย 
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์œ„์น˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•ด ๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”?
129:03
Please repeat after me. โ€˜The child went indoors.โ€™ย 
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์ €๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. '์•„์ด๊ฐ€ ์‹ค๋‚ด๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
129:10
โ€˜He is going abroad.โ€™ โ€˜The rock rolled downhill.โ€™ย 
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'๊ทธ๋Š” ํ•ด์™ธ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.' '๋ฐ”์œ„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ๊ตด๋Ÿฌ ๋–จ์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
129:21
Good job, guys. moving on.ย 
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์ž˜ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„. ๊ณ„์† ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€๋‹ค.
129:25
โ€˜everywhereโ€™ โ€˜somewhereโ€™ย 
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'everywhere' 'somewhere'
129:27
โ€˜anywhereโ€™ or โ€˜nowhereโ€™ are adverbs of place as well.ย 
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'anywhere' ๋˜๋Š” 'nowhere'๋„ ์žฅ์†Œ์˜ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
129:33
But they are special because they describe a location or directionย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๋ถˆ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ถˆํŠน์ •ํ•œ
129:38
that is indefinite or unspecific. For example,ย 
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์œ„์น˜๋‚˜ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด,
129:44
โ€˜I looked everywhere for my car keys.โ€™ย 
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'๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‚ด ์ฐจ ์—ด์‡ ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์ €๊ธฐ ์ฐพ์•„๋‹ค๋…”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
130:11
โ€˜I'd like to go somewhere for my vacation.โ€™ย 
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'๋‚˜๋Š” ํœด๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์–ด๋”˜๊ฐ€์— ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค.'
130:18
โ€˜We're going nowhere.โ€™ โ€˜Is there anywhere to get a coffee?โ€™ย 
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'์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์•„๋ฌด๋ฐ๋„ ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.' '์ปคํ”ผ ๋งˆ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณณ์€ ์—†๋‚˜์š”?'
130:23
Let's practice pronunciation together. Repeat after me.ย 
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130:23
โ€˜I looked everywhere for my car keys.โ€™ โ€˜I'd like to go somewhere for my vacation.โ€™ย 
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130:23
โ€˜We're going nowhere.โ€™ โ€˜Is there anywhere to get a coffee?โ€™ย 
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ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•ด ๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”? ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์„ธ์š”. '๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‚ด ์ฐจ ์—ด์‡ ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์œผ๋ ค๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์ €๊ธฐ ์ฐพ์•„๋‹ค๋…”์–ด์š”.' '๋‚˜๋Š” ํœด๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์–ด๋”˜๊ฐ€์— ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค.'
'์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์•„๋ฌด๋ฐ๋„ ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.' '์ปคํ”ผ ๋งˆ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณณ์€ ์—†๋‚˜์š”?'
130:29
Great guys. Let's move on.ย 
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ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค. ๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
130:32
Just so you know, some adverbs can also be prepositions.ย 
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์•„์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ ์ผ๋ถ€ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
130:38
Now the difference is that an adverb stands alone.ย 
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์ด์ œ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์€ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‹จ๋…์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
130:43
A preposition is always followed by a noun. So for example, โ€˜outsideโ€™.ย 
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์ „์น˜์‚ฌ ๋’ค์—๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด '์™ธ๋ถ€'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
130:50
โ€˜outsideโ€™ can be an adverb? For example, โ€˜we were waiting outside.โ€™ย 
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'๋ฐ”๊นฅ'์€ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”? ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, '์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐ–์—์„œ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
130:56
It's an adverb. It stands alone.ย 
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๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ˜ผ์ž ์„œ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
130:58
But it can also be a preposition. For example, โ€˜We were waiting outside hisย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, '์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค ๋ฐ–์—์„œ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
131:06
office.โ€™ It goes with a noun.ย 
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.' ๋ช…์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
131:09
Another example, โ€˜I kicked the ball around.โ€™ โ€˜aroundโ€™ is an adverb, in this case itย 
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ๋Š” '๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ณต์„ ์ฐผ๋‹ค'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 'around'๋Š” ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š”
131:16
stands alone. But it can also be a preposition.ย 
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๋‹จ๋…์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
131:21
โ€˜I kicked the ball around the field.โ€™ It goes with a noun.ย 
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'๋‚˜๋Š” ํ•„๋“œ ์ฃผ์œ„๋กœ ๊ณต์„ ์ฐผ๋‹ค.' ๋ช…์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
131:26
Okay? So an adverb stands alone.ย 
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์ข‹์•„์š”? ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋‹จ๋…์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
131:29
A preposition is followed by a noun. Now let's practice pronunciation.ย 
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์ „์น˜์‚ฌ ๋’ค์—๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•ด ๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”?
131:33
please repeat after me. โ€˜We were waiting outside.โ€™ย 
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์ €๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. '์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐ–์—์„œ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.'
131:40
โ€˜We were waiting outside his office.โ€™ย 
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'์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค ๋ฐ–์—์„œ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
131:46
โ€˜I kicked the ball around.โ€™ โ€˜I kicked the ball around the field.โ€™ย 
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'๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ณต์„ ์ฐผ๋‹ค.' '๋‚˜๋Š” ํ•„๋“œ ์ฃผ์œ„๋กœ ๊ณต์„ ์ฐผ๋‹ค.'
131:58
Very good, guys. Let's now move on to practice, shall we?ย 
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์•„์ฃผ ์ข‹์•„์š”, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„. ์ด์ œ ์‹ค์Šต์œผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”?
132:03
Okay, guys. Let's do a bit of extra practice.ย 
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์•Œ์•˜์–ด, ์–˜๋“ค์•„. ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ์—ฐ์Šตํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
132:06
I have a few example sentences for you toย 
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์žฅ์†Œ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์•Œ์•„๋ณผ ์ˆ˜
132:09
spot adverbs of place. First example,ย 
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์žˆ๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์˜ˆ,
132:14
โ€˜John looked around but he couldn't find his wife.โ€™ย 
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'์กด์€ ์ฃผ์œ„๋ฅผ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ๋ณด์•˜์œผ๋‚˜ ์•„๋‚ด๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
132:19
Now remember, adverbs of place, answer the question โ€“ โ€˜where?โ€™ย 
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์ด์ œ ์žฅ์†Œ์˜ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ โ€‹โ€‹๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๊ณ  '์–ด๋””?'๋ผ๋Š” ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
132:27
Can you spot the adverb here?ย 
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
132:30
Of course, itโ€™s the word โ€˜aroundโ€™. Where did John look?ย 
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๋ฌผ๋ก  '์ฃผ๋ณ€'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋‹ค. ์กด์€ ์–ด๋””๋ฅผ ๋ณด์•˜๋‚˜์š”?
132:35
He looked โ€˜aroundโ€™. Second example,ย 
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๊ทธ๋Š” '์ฃผ๋ณ€'์„ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค. ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์˜ˆ:
132:41
โ€˜I searched everywhere I could think of.โ€™ Now where did I search?ย 
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'์ƒ๊ฐ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ณณ์„ ๊ฒ€์ƒ‰ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.' ์ด์ œ ์–ด๋””์„œ ๊ฒ€์ƒ‰ํ–ˆ๋‚˜์š”?
132:49
โ€˜everywhereโ€™ โ€˜everywhereโ€™ is the adverb.ย 
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'์–ด๋””๋“ ์ง€' '์–ด๋””๋“ ์ง€'๋Š” ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
132:53
โ€˜Let's go back.โ€™ Now what's the adverb in this sentence?ย 
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'๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€์ž.' ์ž, ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
132:58
Itโ€™s โ€˜backโ€™ - of course. Where?ย 
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๋ฌผ๋ก  '๋Œ์•„์™”๋‹ค'. ์–ด๋””?
133:01
โ€˜backโ€™. Next example,ย ย 
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'๋’ค์ชฝ์—'. ๋‹ค์Œ ์˜ˆ๋Š”
133:05
โ€˜Come in.โ€™ Where?ย 
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'๋“ค์–ด์˜ค์„ธ์š”.' ์–ด๋””?
133:09
โ€˜inโ€™. Okay, the adverb is โ€˜inโ€™.ย 
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'์•ˆ์—'. ์ข‹์•„์š”, ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” 'in'์ด์—์š”.
133:13
Okay, so adverbs of place answer the question โ€“ โ€˜where?โ€™.ย 
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์žฅ์†Œ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” '์–ด๋””?'๋ผ๋Š” ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹ตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
133:17
Okay, Let's practice pronunciation. Please repeat the sentences after me.ย 
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์ž, ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. ์ €๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
133:22
โ€˜John looked around but he couldn't find his wife.โ€™ย 
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'์กด์€ ์ฃผ์œ„๋ฅผ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ๋ณด์•˜์œผ๋‚˜ ์•„๋‚ด๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
133:32
โ€˜I searched everywhere I could think of.โ€™ย 
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'์ƒ๊ฐ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ณณ์„ ๊ฒ€์ƒ‰ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.'
133:40
โ€˜Let's go back.โ€™ โ€˜Come in.โ€™ย 
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'๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€์ž.' '์˜ฌ.'
133:51
Good job, guys. Okay, guys.ย 
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์ž˜ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„. ์•Œ์•˜์–ด, ์–˜๋“ค์•„.
133:54
You now know a lot more about adverbs of place. Now I know it's hard to learn about all theseย 
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์ด์ œ ์žฅ์†Œ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ด๋ ต๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
134:01
adverbs, but don't worry, you'll get there.ย 
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. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”. ๊ณง ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
134:05
You just need a bit of practice. Okay?ย 
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์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์—ฐ์Šต์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”?
134:08
Now I'm gonna carry on talking about adverbs in my next videos,ย 
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์ด์ œ ๋‹ค์Œ ์˜์ƒ์—์„œ๋„ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ณ„์†ํ•  ํ…Œ๋‹ˆ
134:12
so make sure to watch them. Thank you for watching and see you next time.ย 
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๊ผญ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋ฉฐ ๋‹ค์Œ์— ๋˜ ๋ต™๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
134:21
Thank you so much guys for watching our video. I hope you liked it and if you did, pleaseย 
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์ €ํฌ ์˜์ƒ์„ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด์ฃผ์‹  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„, ์ •๋ง ๊ฐ์‚ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“œ์…จ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ฉฐ, ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“œ์…จ๋‹ค๋ฉด
134:27
show us your support. Click 'Like', subscribe to the channel, putย 
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์‘์›ํ•ด ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. '์ข‹์•„์š”'๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๊ณ , ์ฑ„๋„์„ ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜๊ณ ,
134:31
your comments below - always nice. And share the video with your friends.ย 
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์•„๋ž˜์— ๋Œ“๊ธ€์„ ๋‚จ๊ฒจ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ข‹์•„์š”. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ์˜์ƒ์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
134:36
See you! [Music]ย 
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๋˜ ๋ด์š”! [์Œ์•…]
134:54
Hello, everyone. And welcome to this English course on adverbs.ย 
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„. ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์˜์–ด ๊ฐ•์ขŒ์— ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
134:59
In this video, I'm gonna talk to you about adverbs of degree.ย 
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์ด๋ฒˆ ์˜์ƒ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ•™์œ„ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
135:05
Adverbs of degree tell us about the intensity of something.ย 
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์ •๋„ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์˜ ๊ฐ•๋„๋ฅผ ์•Œ๋ ค์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
135:09
The power of something. Now in English, they're usually placed beforeย ย 
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์˜ ํž˜. ์ด์ œ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์  ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜์‹ํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ, ๋ถ€์‚ฌ ๋˜๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ
135:17
the adjective or adverb or verb that they modify. But obviously, as always, there are exceptions.ย 
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์•ž์— ๋ฐฐ์น˜๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์–ธ์ œ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋“ฏ์ด ์˜ˆ์™ธ๋„ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
135:25
And there are very common adverbs ofย  degree that I'm sure you use all the time.ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ํ•ญ์ƒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ™•์‹ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์ •๋„ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
135:31
Uhm... โ€˜tooโ€™, โ€˜enoughโ€™, โ€˜veryโ€™, โ€˜extremelyโ€™, But there are so many others.ย 
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์Œ... '๋„ˆ๋ฌด', '์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•˜๋‹ค', '๋งค์šฐ', '๋งค์šฐ', ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๊ทธ ์™ธ์—๋„ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์•„์š”.
135:41
Okay? So let's dive into it and learnย ย 
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์ข‹์•„์š”? ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋ณธ๊ฒฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•™์œ„๋ถ€์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
135:45
about adverbs of degree. Let's have a look at a fewย ย 
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์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ •๋„ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์˜ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
135:52
examples of adverbs of degree. Especially how they are usedย ย 
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. ํŠนํžˆ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ, ๋ถ€์‚ฌ, ๋™์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜
135:57
with adjectives, adverbs and verbs. Now adverbs of degree are usually placed beforeย ย 
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š”์ง€ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์„ธ์š” . ์ด์ œ ํ•™์œ„ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ
136:07
the adjectives and adverbs that they modify. And before the main verb of the sentence.ย 
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ˆ˜์‹ํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์™€ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ ์•ž์— ๋ฐฐ์น˜๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ๋™์‚ฌ ์•ž์—.
136:15
For example, in the sentence, โ€˜The water was extremely cold.โ€™ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, '๋ฌผ์€ ๊ทน๋„๋กœ ์ฐจ๊ฐ€์› ๋‹ค'๋ผ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ์š”.
136:22
You have the adjective โ€˜coldโ€™ and the adverbย  โ€˜extremelyโ€™ that modifies the adjective cold.ย 
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ '์ถ”์œ„'์™€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ ์ถ”์œ„๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์‹ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ถ€์‚ฌ '๋งค์šฐ'๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
136:30
And as you can, see the adverb is placed before the adjective that it modifies.ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ํ•œ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜์‹ํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ ์•ž์— ๋ฐฐ์น˜๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
136:38
Second example, โ€˜He just left.โ€™ In this case, the adverb โ€˜justโ€™ย ย 
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์˜ˆ, '๊ทธ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ๋– ๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.' ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š”
136:46
comes before the verb โ€˜leftโ€™, which is the main verb of the sentence.ย 
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ๋ณธ๋™์‚ฌ์ธ ๋™์‚ฌ 'left' ์•ž์— ๋ถ€์‚ฌ 'just'๊ฐ€ ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
136:53
โ€˜She is running very fast.โ€™ Now in this case, we have two adverbs.ย 
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'๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.' ์ด์ œ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
137:00
The adverb โ€˜fastโ€™ and the adverb โ€˜veryโ€™ that modifies the adverb โ€˜fastโ€™.ย 
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๋ถ€์‚ฌ '๋น ๋ฅด๋‹ค'์™€ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ '๋น ๋ฅด๋‹ค'๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์‹ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ถ€์‚ฌ '๋งค์šฐ'.
137:08
And as you can see, our adverb โ€˜veryโ€™ is placed before the adverb that it modifies.ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ณด์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ๋ถ€์‚ฌ 'very'๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ˆ˜์‹ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ถ€์‚ฌ ์•ž์— ๋ฐฐ์น˜๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
137:16
And finally, โ€˜They are completelyย  exhausted from the trip.โ€™ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด '์—ฌํ–‰์œผ๋กœ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์ง€์ณค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
137:23
The adverb completely modifiesย  the adjective โ€˜exhaustedโ€™ย 
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๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” 'exhausted'๋ผ๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์ˆ˜์‹ํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ
137:28
And is therefore placed before it. I hope you understand, guys.ย 
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๊ทธ ์•ž์— ๋ฐฐ์น˜๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ดํ•ดํ•ด์คฌ์œผ๋ฉด ์ข‹๊ฒ ์–ด, ์–˜๋“ค์•„.
137:35
Let's move on. Okay, guys. Let's practice pronunciation now.ย 
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๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค. ์•Œ์•˜์–ด, ์–˜๋“ค์•„. ์ด์ œ ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•ด ๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”?
137:36
Please repeat after me. โ€˜The water was extremely cold.โ€™ย 
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์ €๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. '๋ฌผ์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ฐจ๊ฐ€์› ์–ด์š”.'
137:45
โ€˜He just left.โ€™ย 
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'๊ทธ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ๋– ๋‚ฌ์–ด.'
137:50
โ€˜She is running very fast.โ€™ย 
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'๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.'
137:57
โ€˜They are completely exhausted from the trip.โ€™ย 
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'๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์—ฌํ–‰์œผ๋กœ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์ง€์ณค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
138:04
Good job, guys. Let's move on.ย 
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์ž˜ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„. ๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
138:07
Some very common adverbs of degree inย  English are โ€˜enoughโ€™, โ€˜veryโ€™ and โ€˜tooโ€™.ย 
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์˜์–ด์—์„œ ๋งค์šฐ ํ”ํ•œ ํ•™์œ„ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋กœ๋Š” 'enough', 'very', 'too' ๋“ฑ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
138:14
Let's look at a few examples. โ€˜Is your coffee hot enough?โ€™ย 
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '์ปคํ”ผ๊ฐ€ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ๋œจ๊ฒ๋‚˜์š”?'
138:20
So in this case, our adverb โ€˜enoughโ€™ย  modifies the adjective, โ€˜hotโ€™.ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋ถ€์‚ฌ 'enough'๊ฐ€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ 'hot'์„ ์ˆ˜์‹ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
138:28
โ€˜He didn't work hard enough.โ€™ In that case, our adverb โ€˜enoughโ€™ modifiesย 
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'๊ทธ๋Š” ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ์ผํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค.' ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ 'enough'๋Š”
138:35
another adverb, the adverb โ€˜hardโ€™. And as you can see, the adverb โ€˜enoughโ€™ย 
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ธ 'hard' ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์‹ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ณด์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ 'enough'๋ผ๋Š” ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š”
138:42
is usually placed after theย  adjective or adverb that it modifies.ย 
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ž์‹ ์ด ์ˆ˜์‹ํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋‚˜ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ ๋’ค์— ๋ฐฐ์น˜๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
138:50
Another example is โ€˜veryโ€™. โ€˜The girl was very beautiful.โ€™ย 
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ๋Š” '๋งค์šฐ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '๊ทธ ์†Œ๋…€๋Š” ์ •๋ง ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์› ์–ด์š”.'
138:55
So the adverb โ€˜veryโ€™ modifiesย  our adjective โ€˜beautifulโ€™.ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ 'very'๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ 'beautiful'์„ ์ˆ˜์‹ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
139:01
โ€˜He worked very quickly,โ€™ So in this case, our adverb โ€˜veryโ€™ modifiesย 
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'๊ทธ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์ผํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.' ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋ถ€์‚ฌ 'very'๊ฐ€
139:07
the adverb โ€˜quicklyโ€™. And as you can see, โ€˜veryโ€™ is usuallyย 
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'quickly'๋ผ๋Š” ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์‹ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ณด์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ '๋งค์šฐ'๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ
139:13
placed before the word that it modifies. And finally, our third example is โ€˜tooโ€™.ย 
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์ˆ˜์‹ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด ์•ž์— ๋ฐฐ์น˜๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์˜ˆ๋Š” 'too'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
139:21
โ€˜This coffee is too hot.โ€™ It modifies the adjective โ€˜hotโ€™.ย 
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'์ด ์ปคํ”ผ๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋œจ๊ฑฐ์›Œ์š”.' '๋œจ๊ฑฐ์šด'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
139:28
โ€˜He works too hard.โ€™ In that case, โ€˜tooโ€™ modifies the adverbย 
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'๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ์ผํ•ด์š”.' ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ 'too'๋Š” ๋ถ€์‚ฌ
139:34
โ€˜hardโ€™. And as you can see, โ€˜tooโ€™, is usually placedย 
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'hard'๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์‹ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ณด์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ 'too'๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ
139:40
before the word that it modifies. Okay? I hope you got it.ย 
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์ˆ˜์‹ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด ์•ž์— ๋ฐฐ์น˜๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์–ป์—ˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
139:46
Let's move on. Let's now focus on pronunciation.ย 
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๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ๋ฐœ์Œ์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
139:47
Please repeat after me. โ€˜Is your coffee hot enough?โ€™ย 
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์ €๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. '์ปคํ”ผ๊ฐ€ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ๋œจ๊ฒ๋‚˜์š”?'
139:54
โ€˜He didn't work hard enough.โ€™ย 
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'๊ทธ๋Š” ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ์ผํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค.'
140:00
โ€˜The girl was very beautiful.โ€™ โ€˜He worked very quickly.โ€™ย 
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'๊ทธ ์†Œ๋…€๋Š” ์ •๋ง ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์› ์–ด์š”.' '๊ทธ๋Š” ์•„์ฃผ ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ์ผํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.'
140:12
โ€˜This coffee is too hot.โ€™ โ€˜He works too hard.โ€™ย 
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'์ด ์ปคํ”ผ๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋œจ๊ฑฐ์›Œ์š”.' '๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ์ผํ•ด์š”.'
140:22
Okay, guys. Let's move on. Okay, guys.ย 
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์•Œ์•˜์–ด, ์–˜๋“ค์•„. ๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค. ์•Œ์•˜์–ด, ์–˜๋“ค์•„.
140:26
Let's do a little bit of extra practice with a few example sentences.ย 
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ์—ฐ์Šตํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
140:33
โ€˜He speaks very quickly.โ€™ Can you spot the adverb of degree?ย 
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'๊ทธ๋Š” ์•„์ฃผ ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋งํ•ด์š”.' ์ •๋„์˜ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ โ€‹โ€‹์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
140:40
It's โ€˜veryโ€™. And it modifies theย ย 
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'๋งค์šฐ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
140:43
other adverb of the sentence, โ€˜quicklyโ€™.ย 
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ธ 'quickly'๋ฅผ
140:47
โ€˜He speaks too quickly.โ€™ Now, another very common adverb of degree,ย 
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์ˆ˜์‹ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . '๊ทธ๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋งํ•ด์š”.' ์ด์ œ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋งค์šฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์ •๋„ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ
140:53
โ€˜tooโ€™. Be very careful.ย 
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'๋„ˆ๋ฌด'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ •๋ง ์กฐ์‹ฌํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
140:56
There's a difference between โ€˜veryโ€™ and โ€˜tooโ€™. โ€˜Veryโ€™ is a fact.ย 
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'๋งค์šฐ'์™€ '๋„ˆ๋ฌด'์—๋Š” ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '๋งค์šฐ'๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
141:02
โ€˜Tooโ€™ means there's a problem. Okay? He speaks so quickly that you cannot understand.ย 
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'๋„ˆ๋ฌด'๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋งํ•ด์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
141:08
โ€˜He speaks too quickly.โ€™ Another example,ย 
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'๊ทธ๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋งํ•ด์š”.' ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ๋Š”
141:14
โ€˜My teacher is terribly angry.โ€™ Where is the adverb of degree?ย 
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'์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ด ๋ชน์‹œ ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚ด์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.' ์ •๋„์˜ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ์–ด๋””์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
141:21
It's the adverb, โ€˜terriblyโ€™. That modifies the adjective, โ€˜angryโ€™.ย 
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'๋”์ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ'๋ผ๋Š” ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” 'ํ™”๋‚œ'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
141:29
โ€˜They were almost finished.โ€™ย 
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'๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋‹ค ๋๋‚ฌ์–ด์š”.'
141:32
Can you spot the adverb? It's โ€˜almostโ€™.ย 
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๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”? ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋‹ค ๋์–ด'.
141:37
And it modifies the verb, โ€˜finishedโ€™. Okay?ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  '์™„๋ฃŒ'๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”?
141:40
So we're not finished yet. We're โ€˜almostโ€™ finished.ย 
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์•„์ง ๋๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” '๊ฑฐ์˜' ๋๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
141:45
And finally, โ€˜This box isn't big enough.โ€™ The adverb of degree in this case is the adverbย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ, '์ด ์ƒ์ž๋Š” ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ํฌ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.' ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ •๋„์˜ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” 'enough'๋ผ๋Š” ๋ถ€์‚ฌ
141:54
โ€˜enoughโ€™ and it modifies our adjective โ€˜bigโ€™.ย 
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์ด๋ฉฐ ์ด๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ 'big'์„ ์ˆ˜์‹ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
141:58
And remember, โ€˜enoughโ€™ usually goesย  after the word that it modifies.ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  'enough'๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜์‹ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด ๋’ค์— ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
142:06
Okay? I hope you get it, guys. Time for some pronunciation practice.ย 
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์ข‹์•„์š”? ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์–ป๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐœ์Œ ์—ฐ์Šต ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
142:09
Please repeat after me. โ€˜He speaks very quickly.โ€™ย 
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์ €๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. '๊ทธ๋Š” ์•„์ฃผ ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋งํ•ด์š”.'
142:17
โ€˜He speaks too quickly.โ€™ โ€˜My teacher is terribly angry.โ€™ย 
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'๊ทธ๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋งํ•ด์š”.' '์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ด ๋ชน์‹œ ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚ด์…จ์–ด์š”.'
142:27
โ€˜They were almost finished.โ€™ โ€˜This box isn't big enough.โ€™ย 
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'๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋‹ค ๋๋‚ฌ์–ด์š”.' '์ด ์ƒ์ž๋Š” ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ํฌ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
142:38
Good job, guys. Okay, guys. You now know a lot more aboutย 
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์ž˜ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„. ์•Œ์•˜์–ด, ์–˜๋“ค์•„. ์ด์ œ ํ•™์œ„ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
142:42
adverbs of degree. And I'm sure this video will help you improveย 
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. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์˜์–ด ์‹ค๋ ฅ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ™•์‹ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
142:47
your English, But keep practicing.ย 
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. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ณ„์† ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
142:50
And make sure you watch theย  other videos on adverbs.ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜์ƒ๋„ ๊ผญ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
142:53
They're very useful as well. Thank you for watching and see you next time.ย 
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋˜ํ•œ ๋งค์šฐ ์œ ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋ฉฐ ๋‹ค์Œ์— ๋˜ ๋ต™๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
143:01
Thank you guys for watching my video. If you liked it, please show me your support.ย 
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์ œ ์˜์ƒ์„ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“œ์…จ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์‘์› ๋ถ€ํƒ๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
143:06
Click โ€˜likeโ€™, subscribe to our Channel. Put your comments below and share it withย 
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'์ข‹์•„์š”'๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๊ณ  ์ฑ„๋„์„ ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
143:11
all your friends. See you!ย 
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์•„๋ž˜์— ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ์ž…๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ชจ๋“  ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค ๊ณผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜์„ธ์š” . ๋˜ ๋ด์š”!
143:30
Hello, everyone. Welcome to this English course on adverbs.ย 
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„, ์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์˜์–ด ๊ฐ•์ขŒ์— ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
143:35
In today's video, I'm going to talk to you about adverbs of manner.ย 
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์˜์ƒ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋งค๋„ˆ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
143:41
Adverbs of manner tell you how something happens. And they're usually placed after the mainย 
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๋งค๋„ˆ์˜ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๋ ค์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ณดํ†ต ์ฃผ๋™์‚ฌ ๋’ค๋‚˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด ๋’ค์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
143:49
verb or after its object. Let's take a look at a few sentences.ย 
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. ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
143:57
โ€˜He swims well.โ€™ The adverb โ€˜wellโ€™ tells you how he swimsย 
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'๊ทธ๋Š” ์ˆ˜์˜์„ ์ž˜ํ•ด์š”.' ๋ถ€์‚ฌ 'well'์€ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ˆ˜์˜ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ๋ฉฐ
144:05
and is placed after the main verb โ€˜swimsโ€™. โ€˜He plays the piano beautifully.โ€™ย 
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์ฃผ๋™์‚ฌ 'swims' ๋’ค์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '๊ทธ๋Š” ํ”ผ์•„๋…ธ๋ฅผ ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ต๊ฒŒ ์—ฐ์ฃผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
144:14
The adverb โ€˜beautifullyโ€™ tells you how he plays the pianoย 
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'์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ต๊ฒŒ'๋ผ๋Š” ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ํ”ผ์•„๋…ธ๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์—ฐ์ฃผํ•˜๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๋ฉฐ,
144:18
and is placed after the piano which is the object of the verb to play.ย 
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๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด์ธ ํ”ผ์•„๋…ธ ๋’ค์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ์—ฐ์ฃผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
144:26
Hope you get it. Let's get into more detail now.ย 
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์–ป๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์ข€ ๋” ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
144:32
Adverbs of manner are usually placed after the main verb or after the objects.ย 
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๋ฐฉ์‹ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฃผ๋™์‚ฌ ๋’ค๋‚˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด ๋’ค์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
144:39
For example, โ€˜He left the room quickly.โ€™ The adverb โ€˜quicklyโ€™ is placed after theย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, '๊ทธ๋Š” ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฉ์„ ๋‚˜๊ฐ”๋‹ค.' '๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ'๋ผ๋Š” ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด '๋ฐฉ'
144:47
object, โ€˜the roomโ€™. Now just so you know,ย ย 
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๋’ค์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ด์ œ ์•„์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ
144:51
some adverbs not all of them, but some adverbs,ย ย 
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์ผ๋ถ€ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ „๋ถ€๋Š” ์•„๋‹ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ผ๋ถ€ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š”
144:54
can also be placed before the verb. So in this case, you can also say,ย 
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๋™์‚ฌ ์•ž์— ์˜ฌ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” '๊ทธ๋Š” ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฉ์„ ๋‚˜๊ฐ”๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ 
145:00
โ€˜He quickly left the room.โ€™ Let's practice pronunciation.ย 
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๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
145:03
Repeat after me. โ€˜He left the room quickly.โ€™ย 
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๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์„ธ์š”. '๊ทธ๋Š” ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฉ์„ ๋‚˜๊ฐ”๋‹ค.'
145:11
โ€˜He quickly left the room.โ€™ย 
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'๊ทธ๋Š” ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฉ์„ ๋‚˜๊ฐ”๋‹ค.'
145:16
Good guys. Let's move on.ย 
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์ข‹์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค. ๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
145:19
What's very important for you to know is that an adverb of manner cannot come between aย 
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•  ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฐฉ์‹์˜ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๊ฐ€
145:26
verb and its direct object. Okay, so it must be placedย ย 
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๋™์‚ฌ์™€ ์ง์ ‘ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์˜ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
145:31
either before the main verb,ย 
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ฃผ๋™์‚ฌ ์•ž
145:33
or after at the end of the clause. So let's take a look at a few examples.ย 
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์ด๋‚˜ ์ ˆ ๋ ๋’ค์— ์™€์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
145:40
โ€˜He ate quickly his dinner.โ€™ Now this sentence is incorrect.ย 
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'๊ทธ๋Š” ์ €๋…์„ ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋จน์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.' ์ด์ œ ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ ํ‹€๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
145:47
Okay? โ€˜ateโ€™ is the verb.ย 
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์ข‹์•„์š”? '๋จน๋‹ค'๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
145:49
โ€˜his dinnerโ€™ is the direct object of the verb. So the adverb โ€˜quicklyโ€™ cannot be placedย 
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'๊ทธ์˜ ์ €๋… ์‹์‚ฌ'๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ์ง์ ‘ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ '๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ'๋ผ๋Š” ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ด ๋‘˜ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์˜ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
145:57
between those two. Okay?ย 
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. ์ข‹์•„์š”?
146:00
So you should say, โ€˜He ate his dinner quickly.โ€™ The adverb is at the end and that's correct.ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ '๊ทธ๋Š” ์ €๋…์„ ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋จน์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋์— ์žˆ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
146:08
Or โ€˜He quickly ate his dinner.โ€™ That's also correct.ย 
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๋˜๋Š” '๊ทธ๋Š” ์ €๋…์„ ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋จน์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.' ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
146:14
The adverb is placed before the main verb. Another example,ย 
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๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ฃผ๋™์‚ฌ ์•ž์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ๋Š”
146:20
โ€˜He gave me gently a hug.โ€™ Now this is incorrect.ย 
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'๊ทธ๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ์•ˆ์•„์ฃผ์—ˆ๋‹ค.' ์ด์ œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
146:26
You cannot separate the verb โ€˜giveโ€™ from its direct object โ€˜a hugโ€™.ย 
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๋™์‚ฌ 'give'์™€ ์ง์ ‘ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด 'ahug'๋ฅผ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
146:33
So two correct sentences would be first, โ€˜He gave me a hug gently.โ€™ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '๊ทธ๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ์•ˆ์•„์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
146:39
with the adverb at the end of the sentence. Orย 
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๋ฌธ์žฅ ๋์— ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜. ๋˜๋Š”
146:43
โ€˜He gently gave me a hug.โ€™ The adverb comes before the verb.ย 
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'๊ทธ๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ์•ˆ์•„์ฃผ์—ˆ๋‹ค.' ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋™์‚ฌ ์•ž์— ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
146:50
Hope you get it. Let's now practice pronunciation.ย 
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์–ป๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•ด ๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”?
146:51
Please repeat the sentence after me. โ€˜He ate his dinner quickly.โ€™ย 
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์ €๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ฝ์–ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. '๊ทธ๋Š” ์ €๋…์„ ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋จน์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
147:01
โ€˜He quickly ate his dinner.โ€™ย 
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'๊ทธ๋Š” ์ €๋…์„ ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋จน์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
147:07
โ€˜He gave me a hug gently,โ€™ โ€˜He gently gave me a hug.โ€™ย 
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'๊ทธ๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ์•ˆ์•„์ฃผ์—ˆ๋‹ค.' '๊ทธ๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ์•ˆ์•„์ฃผ์—ˆ๋‹ค.'
147:18
Good, guys. Let's move on.ย 
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„. ๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
147:21
Time now to practice. Here are a few example sentences for you toย 
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์ด์ œ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•  ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ์€ ๋งค๋„ˆ์˜ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ โ€‹โ€‹์•Œ์•„๋ณผ ์ˆ˜
147:26
spot the adverbs of manner. โ€˜He swam well.โ€™ย 
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์žˆ๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . '๊ทธ๋Š” ์ˆ˜์˜์„ ์ž˜ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.'
147:32
As you can see, we use the adverb โ€˜wellโ€™. It tells you how he swam,ย 
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๋ณด์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ 'well'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ˆ˜์˜ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ๋งํ•ด์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
147:38
And it's placed after the main verb, โ€˜swamโ€™. โ€˜The rain felt hard.โ€™ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ฃผ์š” ๋™์‚ฌ 'swam' ๋’ค์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋Š๋‚Œ์ด์—ˆ์–ด.'
147:46
Again, our adverb โ€˜hardโ€™ tells you how the rain fell,ย 
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๋ถ€์‚ฌ 'hard'๋Š” ๋น„๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋‚ด๋ ธ๋Š”์ง€ ๋งํ•ด์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
147:51
And is placed after the verb. โ€˜The children were playing happily.โ€™ย 
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And๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ ๋’ค์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '์•„์ด๋“ค์ด ์ฆ๊ฒ๊ฒŒ ๋†€๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.'
147:59
The adverb isโ€ฆ Can you find it?ย 
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๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š”โ€ฆ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
148:03
โ€˜happilyโ€™. Of course.ย 
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'ํ–‰๋ณตํ•˜๊ฒŒ'. ๋ฌผ๋ก .
148:07
โ€˜She angrily slammed the door.โ€™ Can you see the adverb?ย 
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'๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์„œ ๋ฌธ์„ ์พ… ๋‹ซ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.' ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
148:13
It's โ€˜angrilyโ€™. How did she slam the door?ย 
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'ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋‚œ๋‹ค'๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ฌธ์„ ์พ… ๋‹ซ์•˜๋‚˜์š”?
148:17
โ€˜angrilyโ€™. And finally,ย 
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'๋…ธํ•˜์—ฌ'. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด
148:20
โ€˜Slowly she picked up the flower.โ€™ Can you spot the adverb of manner?ย 
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'๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ฒœ์ฒœํžˆ ๊ฝƒ์„ ์ง‘์–ด ๋“ค์—ˆ๋‹ค.' ๋งค๋„ˆ์˜ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ โ€‹โ€‹์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
148:26
It's โ€˜slowlyโ€™. And it's at the beginning of the sentence,ย 
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'์ฒœ์ฒœํžˆ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์‹œ์ž‘ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์—,
148:30
Because we want to emphasize the manner. And this is also something very common whenย 
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๋งค๋„ˆ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ . ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€
148:37
you read books. Okay, guys.ย 
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์ฑ…์„ ์ฝ์„ ๋•Œ ๋งค์šฐ ํ”ํ•œ ์ผ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•Œ์•˜์–ด, ์–˜๋“ค์•„.
148:40
Let's now practice pronunciation. Please repeat after me.ย 
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์ด์ œ ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•ด ๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”? ์ €๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
148:44
โ€˜He swam well.โ€™ โ€˜The rain fell hard.โ€™ย 
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'๊ทธ๋Š” ์ˆ˜์˜์„ ์ž˜ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.' '๋น„๊ฐ€ ์„ธ์ฐจ๊ฒŒ ๋‚ด๋ ธ์–ด์š”.'
148:53
โ€˜The children were playing happily.โ€™ โ€˜She angrily slammed the door.โ€™ย 
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'์•„์ด๋“ค์ด ์ฆ๊ฒ๊ฒŒ ๋†€๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.' '๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์„œ ๋ฌธ์„ ์พ… ๋‹ซ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
149:04
โ€˜Slowly she picked up the flower.โ€™ย 
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'๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ฒœ์ฒœํžˆ ๊ฝƒ์„ ์ง‘์–ด๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
149:10
Great job. Okay, guys.ย 
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์ž˜ ํ–ˆ์–ด. ์•Œ์•˜์–ด, ์–˜๋“ค์•„.
149:12
That's it for this video. Please make sure you watch the other videosย 
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์ด๋ฒˆ ์˜์ƒ์€ ์ด๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜์ƒ๋„ ๊ผญ ๋ณด์‹œ๊ณ 
149:17
on adverbs, and keep practicing.ย 
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๊ณ„์† ์—ฐ์Šตํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
149:20
Adverbs are extremely common in English. And they will make you speak a lot better.ย 
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๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ์˜์–ด์—์„œ ๋งค์šฐ ํ”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋ง์„ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ์ž˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
149:26
Thanks for watching and see you next time.ย 
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์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด ์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋ฉฐ ๋‹ค์Œ์— ๋˜ ๋งŒ๋‚˜์š”.
149:33
Thank you so much guys for watching my video. If you liked it, please show me your support.ย 
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์ œ ์˜์ƒ์„ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด์ฃผ์‹  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„, ์ •๋ง ๊ฐ์‚ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“œ์…จ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์‘์› ๋ถ€ํƒ๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
149:39
Click โ€˜likeโ€™, Subscribe to the channel. Put your comments below if you have some.ย 
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'์ข‹์•„์š”'๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๊ณ  ์ฑ„๋„์„ ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ์•„๋ž˜์— ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ์ ์–ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
149:44
And share it with all your friends. See you!
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ชจ๋“  ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ๋˜ ๋ด์š”!
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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