Presentations in English - How to Give a Presentation - Business English

英文演講 — 怎麼做一個演講 — 商務英文

Hi, I’m Gina.

嗨，我是Gina。

Welcome to Oxford Online English!

歡迎來到Oxford Online English！

In this lesson, you can learn how to make a presentation in English.

在本節課裡，您可以學到怎麼 做一個英文演講。

Do you have to make presentations in English in your job?

在找工作時，您是否不得不用 英文做一個介紹？

Imagine you have to give an important presentation in English tomorrow.

想像一下您明天不得不 做一個重要的英文演講。

How would you feel about it?

關於那個，您會怎麼想？

This lesson will help you learn useful phrases and techniques to introduce yourself and your

這節課會幫助您學習用有用的 片語和技巧來介紹

topic, keep your ideas organised, deal with problems, and respond to questions from audience

自己和主題、保持您的觀點不 散亂、應付問題，

members.

以及回答來自聽眾的問題。

Imagine you’re standing in front of your colleagues.

想像一下您正站在您的同事面前。

You need to introduce yourself and what your presentation is about.

您介紹您自己，以及講述 您的演講與什麼有關。

What are some words and phrases you could use?

您可以使用的一些單字和 片語是什麼？

If some people in the audience don’t know who you are, you should introduce yourself

如果聽眾裡的一些人不知道您 是誰，您要介紹自己

and your position.

以及您的職位。

In a more formal setting, you could say something like this:

在一個更正式的場合裡，您可以說 某些像是這樣的：

Good morning everyone.

Good morning everyone.

For those who don’t know me, my name’s Simon, and I work in the marketing department.

For those who don’t know me, my name’s Simon, and I work in the marketing department.

Or: Hello everybody.

或者：Hello everybody.

Before we begin, let me introduce myself briefly: I’m Reese and I’m the head of HR.

Before we begin, let me introduce myself briefly: I’m Reese and I’m the head of HR.

If you work in a more informal company, you could say:

如果您在一家風格不是很正式的 公司工作，您可以說：

Hi guys; if you don’t know me, I’m Sylvia and I work in digital marketing.

Hi guys; if you don’t know me, I’m Sylvia and I work in digital marketing.

Or: Hello!

或者：Hello!

I see some new faces, so I’ll introduce myself first: I’m Julia and I’m one of

I see some new faces, so I’ll introduce myself first: I’m Julia and I’m one of

our customer service team.

our customer service team.

Next, you need to introduce your topic.

接下來，您要介紹您的主題。

If your presentation topic is simpler, you could just say one sentence, like this:

如果您的主題是比較簡單的，您 可以只說一句，像是這個：

Today, I’m going to be talking about our new HR policies and how they affect you.

Today, I’m going to be talking about our new HR policies and how they affect you.

Or: I’d like to talk to you today about quality control and why we’re all responsible

或者：I’d like to talk to you today about quality control and why we’re all responsible

for quality control, whichever department you work in.

for quality control, whichever department you work in.

If your topic is more complex, you might add more detail to break your idea into stages.

如果您的主題是比較複雜的，您也許要添加 更多細節來把您的想法分成幾個階段。

For example: I’ll begin by outlining the policies, and

例如： I’ll begin by outlining the policies, and

then I’ll go on to highlight what they mean for you and your working habits.

then I’ll go on to highlight what they mean for you and your working habits.

Finally, I’ll briefly discuss why we feel these new policies are necessary and beneficial

Finally, I’ll briefly discuss why we feel these new policies are necessary and beneficial

for us all.

for us all.

Here’s another example: First of all, I’ll explain why ‘quality

這裡是另一個例子： First of all, I’ll explain why ‘quality

control’ has a broader meaning than you might expect.

control’ has a broader meaning than you might expect.

I’ll continue by giving examples of real quality control, and why this matters for

I’ll continue by giving examples of real quality control, and why this matters for

all of us.

all of us.

To finish, I’ll be asking you to think of ways you can incorporate quality control into

To finish, I’ll be asking you to think of ways you can incorporate quality control into

your working habits.

your working habits.

Here, you saw two examples.

在這裡，您看到兩個例子。

You can use these as templates to begin your presentation:

您可以使用這些當做 模板來開始您的演講：

I’ll begin by… and then I’ll…

I’ll begin by… and then I’ll…

Finally, I’ll…

Finally, I’ll…

Or: First of all, I’ll…

或者：First of all, I’ll…

I’ll continue by…

I’ll continue by…

To finish, I’ll…

To finish, I’ll…

Okay, now you can practice!

好了，現在您可以練習了！

We’d like you to do two things.

我們想要您去做兩件事情。

First, practice introducing yourself informally, and explaining your topic in a simple way,

首先，練習非正式地介紹您自己， 並用一個句子以簡單的

with one sentence.

方式解釋您的主題。

Then, practice introducing yourself formally, and explaining your topic in a more detailed

然後，練習正式地介紹您自己， 並用更詳細的方式解釋

way.

您的主題。

Pause the video and practice speaking.

暫停影片，現在開始練習說。

All the language you need is in this section.

您需要的所有講法已經在本單元裡。

Ready?

準備好了嗎？

Let’s move on!

我們繼續！

I’m sure that in your life, you’ve heard good speakers and bad speakers.

我確信在您的生活裡，您有聽到過 講得好的人和講得糟糕的人。

Good speakers grab your attention and don’t let go.

講得好的人會吸引您的注意力， 不會讓您分心。

You want to hear what they have to say.

您想聽聽他們怎麼說。

You feel interested and energised by listening to them.

聽他們講，您會覺得 有興趣並充滿活力。

Bad speakers are the opposite.

講得糟糕的則是相反。

Even if you try to make yourself listen, you find that your attention drifts away.

即使您試著強迫您自己去聽， 您發現您的注意力會移開。

Your eyelids feel heavy, and you have to struggle to stay awake.

您的眼皮會感到很重，您不得不 掙扎著保持清醒。

So, here’s a question: what’s the difference between good speakers and bad speakers?

所以，這裡是問題：講得好的人與 講得糟糕的人之間的區別是什麼？

And, how can you make sure you speak effectively when you make your presentation in English?

以及，當您做英文演講時， 您怎麼確保您有效率地講？

Here’s one way to think about it: bad speakers don’t think they have to earn your attention.

這裡是考慮它的一種方式：講得糟糕的 人不認為他們必須贏得您的注意力。

Good speakers understand that no one has to listen to them, so they work hard to make

講得好的人理解沒有人必須聽 他們講，所以，他們努力做

you want to pay attention.

來讓您注意。

What does this mean for you, and your presentation?

這對您和您的演講來說意味著什麼？

Getting people’s attention starts from the beginning.

從一開始就要得到人們的注意。

You need to make it clear what people should expect from your presentation, and why they

您要明白人們會在您的演講 裡期盼什麼事情，以及為什麼

should care about what you have to say.

他們要留意您必須講的事情。

Sounds like a nice idea, but how do you do this?

聽起來像一個好主意， 但是，您怎麼做這個？

Here are three techniques you can use.

這裡有三個技巧您可以用。

One: establish a problem which many people in your audience have.

一：確定一個很多您的聽眾 都遇到過的問題。

Then, establish that you have a solution to their problem.

然後，確立您對他們的問題 有一個解決方案。

For example:

例如：

Have you ever felt unfairly treated at work, or felt that the work you do isn’t appreciated?

Have you ever felt unfairly treated at work, or felt that the work you do isn’t appreciated?

We’ve been working to design new HR policies that will make sure all staff get fair recognition

We’ve been working to design new HR policies that will make sure all staff get fair recognition

for their contribution to the company.

for their contribution to the company.

In this way, you take a boring-sounding topic like HR policies, and you make it more relevant

用這種方式，您挑了一個聽起來很 無聊的主題，比如人力資源政策，

to your audience.

然後讓它變得與您的聽眾更相關。

How?

怎樣做？

By connecting it with their experiences and feelings.

把它與他們的經驗和感受相連接。

The second technique?

第二個技巧？

Mention an interesting fact, or a surprising statistic to get people’s attention.

提及一個有趣的事實，或者一個令人 吃驚的統計來得到人們的注意。

For example:

例如：

Did you know that the average office worker spends eight hours a day at work, but only

Did you know that the average office worker spends eight hours a day at work, but only

does four hours of productive, useful work?

does four hours of productive, useful work?

I’m here to tell you about ‘quality control’, and how you can use this idea to make better

I’m here to tell you about ‘quality control’, and how you can use this idea to make better

use of your time.

use of your time.

Finally, you can engage people by telling a short story and connecting it to your topic.

最後，您可以講一個小故事來 吸引人們，並把它與您的主題聯繫起來。

Stories are powerful, and they can add an emotional dimension to your topic if you do

故事是有利的，如果您做得好的話， 他們可以為您的主題增加

it well.

一個情感面向。

For example:

例如：

I once met a young salesman—I won’t mention his name.

I once met a young salesman—I won’t mention his name.

He spent several weeks building a relationship with a potential client.

He spent several weeks building a relationship with a potential client.

He worked overtime, and he was working so hard that he was under severe stress, which

He worked overtime, and he was working so hard that he was under severe stress, which

started to affect his personal life.

started to affect his personal life.

In the end, he didn’t close the deal—the clients signed with another firm.

In the end, he didn’t close the deal—the clients signed with another firm.

Today, I’m going to talk about confidence as a sales tool, and how you can avoid the

Today, I’m going to talk about confidence as a sales tool, and how you can avoid the

traps that this young man fell into.

traps that this young man fell into.

Use one of these three techniques in your introduction to connect with your audience

在您的介紹裡用這三個技巧 裡的一個來和您的聽眾做連接，

and show them why they should be interested in what you have to say.

並告訴他們為什麼他們應當 對您要說的東西感興趣。

Here’s a question for you: which technique would you prefer to use, and why?

這裡有一個問題問您：哪一種技巧 您會偏愛使用，以及為什麼？

Okay, now you’ve introduced your topic and you have everyone’s attention.

好，現在您介紹了您的主題， 您有了每一個人的注意。

What next?

接下來呢？

There’s a famous quote about making presentations:

有一句關於做演講的名言：

“Tell the audience what you’re going to say; say it, and then tell them what you’ve

“Tell the audience what you’re going to say; say it, and then tell them what you’ve

said.”

said.”

Have you heard this before?

您之前有聽過這個嗎？

Do you know who said it?

您知道是誰說的嗎？

This comes from Dale Carnegie, a very successful American salesman and writer.

這出自於Dale Carnegie，一位很 成功的美國業務人員和作家。

He lived a long time ago, but his advice is still relevant today.

他生活在很久以前，但是，他的 建議仍然與今日相關。

So, here’s a question: what does the quote mean?

那麼，這裡是一個問題：名言 意思是什麼？

It means that your presentation shouldn’t just give information.

它意思是您的演講不應當 只是給出資訊。

You also need to show people how your information is organized.

您也需要告訴人們您的資訊 是有組織的。

To do this, you need signposting language.

要做到這個，您需要標識語言。

Let me give you an example to explain.

我來給您一個事例來做解釋。

Imagine you go to a website.

想像您訪問一個網頁。

The website is full of really useful, interesting information.

網頁充滿了真實有用的、有趣的資訊。

But, the information is all on one page.

但是，資訊全部都在一頁裡。

There’s no organization, and you have to scroll up and down, up and down this huge

沒有組織，您不得不上滑和下滑 這頁巨大的網頁，試著

page, trying to find what you need.

找出您需要的東西。

Would you stay on that website?

您要停留在那一頁嗎？

Probably not.

有可能不會。

You’ll find a website which makes it easier for you to find the information you need.

您會找一個更容易找到您要的 資訊的網頁。

What’s the point here?

這裡重點是什麼？

The point is that having interesting or relevant information is not enough.

重點是含有有趣和相關 資訊是不夠的。

How you structure and organize your information is equally important.

您怎麼構建和組織您的資訊 是相當重要的。

If you don’t structure your presentation clearly, people won’t pay attention, just

如果您沒有清晰地構建您的演講， 人們不會注意，就像如果您

like you won’t stay on a website if you can’t find the information you want.

不能找到您要的資訊，您不會 停留在一個網頁。

So, how can you do this?

那麼，您要怎麼做這個？

You use signposting language.

您用標識語言。

This means using words and phrases to show the audience where your points begin and end,

這意思是用單字和片語來告訴聽眾 您的重點在哪裡開始，以及在

to show what’s coming next, and to remind them about things you talked about before.

哪裡結束，來表明接下來會是什麼， 以及提醒他們您之前談過的事情。

For example:

例如：

Okay, that covers the new policies.

Okay, that covers the new policies.

Next, I’d like to move on and discuss what these policies mean for you.

Next, I’d like to move on and discuss what these policies mean for you.

Or: Now that you’ve heard a bit about what not to do, let’s focus on positive advice

或者：Now that you’ve heard a bit about what not to do, let’s focus on positive advice

to help you be more effective salespeople and close more of your leads.

to help you be more effective salespeople and close more of your leads.

When you say something like this, you aren’t giving people information about the topic

當您說某些像這樣的，您沒有給 人們與您介紹的

of your presentation.

主題有關的資訊。

Instead, you’re showing people where you are, and where you’re going next.

取代的是，您在告訴人們您在哪裡， 以及接下來您要去哪裡。

It’s a kind of signpost.

那是一種標識。

You don’t need signposts to travel from one place to another, but they can make it

您不需要一個標識來從一個地方旅行 到另一個地方，但是，它們

easier.

會讓它更容易。

What else can you use signposting language for?

您還可以使用標識語言 做什麼其他的？

You can use signposting language to move from one point to the next.

您可以使用標識語言來從一個 觀點移動到下一個。

For example:

例如：

Next, I’d like to talk about…

Next, I’d like to talk about…

Let’s move on and discuss…

Let’s move on and discuss…

Or: At this point, I’d like to turn to…

或者：At this point, I’d like to turn to…

You can use signposting language to add detail to an idea:

您可以使用標識語言來給 一個想法添加細節：

Let me go into some more detail about…

Let me go into some more detail about…

Let’s examine … in more depth.

Let’s examine … in more depth.

Or: I’d like to elaborate on…

或者： I’d like to elaborate on…

You can use signposting language to show that you’ve finished your main points, and you’ve

您可以使用標識語言來表明 您已經講完您的主要觀點，

reached your conclusion:

您得出您的總結：

To wrap up, let’s remind ourselves of why this should matter to everyone here.

To wrap up, let’s remind ourselves of why this should matter to everyone here.

Let’s review the key points from this session.

Let’s review the key points from this session.

So, you’ve heard what I have to say.

所以，您已經聽到我要說的話了。

What conclusions can you take away from this?

您可以從中得出什麼結論？

If you have an important presentation in English, practice using signposting language.

如果您有一個重要的英文演講， 練習使用標識語言。

Use signposting language to move between points, to show when you’re giving a summary or

使用標識語言來在重點之間移動， 來表示您什麼時候要給出

going into more detail, and to signal that you’ve reached your conclusion.

一個總結或要進入更多的細節， 以及要標識您已經得出的結論。

Okay, but things don’t always go so smoothly in real life.

好，但是，現實生活裡，事情 不會總是很順利的。

We know that!

我們知道那個！

Let’s look at some advice and language for dealing with problems during your presentation.

我們來看看在您演講期間來 應付問題的一些建議和說法。

Imagine you’re making your presentation in English.

想像您正在做英文演講。

What could go wrong?

什麼可能出錯？

What problems could you have?

您可能有什麼問題？

There are many common problems:

有很多常見的問題：

You might forget where you were, or forget an important word.

您也許忘記您說到哪裡了，或者 忘記一個重要的單字。

You might realise that you said something wrong, or you didn’t explain something clearly.

您也許意識到您講錯了某些事情， 或者您可能沒有清楚地解釋某些事情。

You might forget to mention something important.

您也許忘記提及某些重要的事情。

Or, someone might ask you an awkward question, which you have no idea how to answer.

或者，某人也許問您一個尷尬的 您不知道怎麼回答的問題。

Of course, there are other possibilities!

當然，有其他的可能性！

Let’s think about these problems.

我們來想想這些問題。

What can you do, and more importantly, what can you say in these situations?

您可以做什麼？更重要的是，在 這些情形之下，您可以說什麼嗎？

First of all, it’s a good idea to make a cue card with key points, as well as any important

首先，製作一張有關鍵重點以及 任何您需要的重要字彙的

vocabulary you need.

提示卡是個好主意。

If you lose your place, or you forget a word, it could help.

如果您忘記您講到哪裡了，或者您 忘記了一個單字，那張卡片能幫到您。

However, you can’t prepare for everything.

然而，您不可能準備好任何事情。

So, it’s useful to learn some phrases to deal with problems smoothly.

所以，學一些順利處理 問題的片語是有用的。

If you lose your place, and can’t remember what to say next, you can use a filler phrase

如果您忘記您講到哪裡了，不記得 接下來要講什麼，您可以用

like:

一個填補片語，像是：

Where was I?

Where was I?

So, what was I saying?

So, what was I saying?

What’s the word in English again?

What’s the word in English again?

If you still can’t remember, look at your cue card with your main points.

如果您仍然不記得，看您的有 主要重點的提示卡片。

Of course, forgetting something isn’t ideal.

當然，忘記某些事情並不理想。

But, if you do, it’s better to keep talking, rather than just standing there in silence.

但是，如果您有做，繼續講要比 只是站在那裡保持沉默要更好。

What if you make a mistake, or you realise that you didn’t explain something well?

如果您犯了一個錯誤，或者您意識到 您沒有很好地解釋某些事情呢？

You could say:

您可以說：

Let me rephrase that.

Let me rephrase that.

Actually, what I meant to say is…

Actually, what I meant to say is…

To clarify, I wanted to say that…

To clarify, I wanted to say that…

In this way, you can correct yourself without admitting that you made a mistake!

用這種方式，您不必承認您犯了 一個錯誤就可以自我糾正！

What if you realise that you forgot to mention something important?

如果您意識到您忘記提及 某些重要的事情呢？

Use a phrase like this:

使用一個片語，像是：

Let me just add one more thing:…

Let me just add one more thing:…

I’d like to add something to a point we discussed earlier.

I’d like to add something to a point we discussed earlier.

Let me return to an earlier point briefly.

Let me return to an earlier point briefly.

Again, this allows you to correct your mistake in a confident way, so you look like you’re

同樣，這允許您以一個自信的方式 去糾正您的錯誤，所以，您看起來像是

in control.

一切都在您的掌控裡。

Finally, what do you do if someone asks you a difficult question, which you can’t answer?

最後，如果某人問您一個您 不能回答的難題，您要做什麼？

You have a few options.

您有極少的選擇。

First, you can delay giving an answer.

首先，您可以延遲給出一個答案。

For example:

例如：

I’ve allocated time for questions at the end of this session, so we’ll address your

I’ve allocated time for questions at the end of this session, so we’ll address your

idea later.

idea later.

Or: I’m not in a position to answer that right now, but I’ll get back to you later

或者： I’m not in a position to answer that right now, but I’ll get back to you later

this week.

this week.

This gives you time to think of an answer and do some research if you have to!

這給了您時間去考慮一個答案以及 做一些研究，如果您必須做的話！

Next, you can deflect the question, by asking a question back, or maybe by asking other

接下來，您可以通過反問或者問 另一位聽眾他們怎麼想的

audience members what they think.

來轉移問題。

For example:

例如：

That’s an interesting question.

That’s an interesting question.

Before I answer, I’d like to know: what’s your take on this?

Before I answer, I’d like to know: what’s your take on this?

Or: You’ve raised an important point there.

或者：You’ve raised an important point there.

What does everyone else think about this?

What does everyone else think about this?

Finally, if the question is irrelevant, you can dismiss the question and move on.

最後，如果問題是不相關的， 您可以忽略問題並繼續。

For example:

例如：

Thanks for your input, but I don’t see how that’s connected to what I’m saying.

Thanks for your input, but I don’t see how that’s connected to what I’m saying.

I don’t mean to be blunt, but I don’t think that’s relevant to today’s discussion.

I don’t mean to be blunt, but I don’t think that’s relevant to today’s discussion.

Notice how you can use phrases like thanks for your input, but… or I don’t mean to

注意您可以怎麼使用片語像是 “thanks for your input, but… ”或者

be blunt, but… to make your language more indirect and polite.

“I don’t mean to be blunt, but… ” 來讓您的講法更間接並有禮貌。

So, for dealing with difficult questions, just remember the three d’s: delay, deflect,

所以，要應付難題，知道記住三個“D”： delay、deflect、

dismiss!

dismiss！

Finally, we want to ask you something.

最後，我們想問您某些事情。

Do you have any advice for giving good presentations, in English or any language?

您對給出好的英文或任何語言的 演講有任何建議嗎？

We’d love to hear your ideas!

我們想聽到您的想法！

Please leave a comment and tell us what you think.

請寫下留言，告訴我們您怎麼想的。

Remember to visit our website for more free English lessons: Oxford Online English dot

要看更多的免費英文課程，記得 訪問我們的網站：

com.

Oxford Online English dot com.

Thanks for watching!

感謝觀看！

See you next time!

下次見！