Better Speaking Podcast ๐Ÿ—จ๏ธ๐Ÿ—ฃ๏ธ How to organise your speaking

240,236 views ใƒป 2023-03-13

BBC Learning English


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ. ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืžืชื•ืจื’ืžื•ืช ืžืชื•ืจื’ืžื•ืช ื‘ืžื›ื•ื ื”.

00:00
If you find it difficult to speak English,
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ืื ืืชื” ืžืชืงืฉื” ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช,
00:02
and would like some help to become more fluent, then
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ื•ืชืจืฆื” ืงืฆืช ืขื–ืจื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ื˜ืฃ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืื–
00:06
Better Speaking is for you.
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Better Speaking ื”ื•ื ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœืš.
00:08
Well, obviously, I've survived in business
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื‘ืจื•ืจ, ืฉืจื“ืชื™ ื‘ืขืกืงื™ื
00:10
by being able to speak English and Greek -
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ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื•ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ืช -
00:13
which is not very useful outside Greece.
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ื•ื–ื” ืœื ืžืื•ื“ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉื™ ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœื™ื•ื•ืŸ.
00:15
So, definitely English must be
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ืื–, ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช
00:18
the business language.
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ื”ืฉืคื” ื”ืขืกืงื™ืช.
00:20
Businessman Stelios Haji-Ioannou has become well known here in Britain
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ืื™ืฉ ื”ืขืกืงื™ื ืกื˜ืœื™ื•ืก ื—ืื’'ื™-ื™ื•ืื ื• ื”ืคืš ื™ื“ื•ืข ื›ืืŸ ื‘ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื ื™ื”
00:23
as the founder of a highly successful independent airline. In this interview,
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ื›ืžื™ื™ืกื“ ื—ื‘ืจืช ืชืขื•ืคื” ืขืฆืžืื™ืช ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื‘ืจืื™ื•ืŸ ื–ื”
00:28
he explains why he chose to start his business in Britain
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ื”ื•ื ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ืžื“ื•ืข ื‘ื—ืจ ืœื”ืงื™ื ืืช ื”ืขืกืง ืฉืœื• ื‘ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื ื™ื”
00:32
and not in his home country, Greece.
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ื•ืœื ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ืช ื”ื•ืœื“ืชื•, ื™ื•ื•ืŸ.
00:34
Well, obviously, I've survived in business
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื‘ืจื•ืจ, ืฉืจื“ืชื™ ื‘ืขืกืงื™ื
00:36
by being able to speak English and Greek -
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ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื•ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ืช -
00:39
which is not very useful outside Greece.
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ื•ื–ื” ืœื ืžืื•ื“ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉื™ ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœื™ื•ื•ืŸ.
00:41
So, definitely English must be the business language.
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ืื–, ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉืคื” ื”ืขืกืงื™ืช.
00:45
I think it would have been impossible to run an airline in the UK
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืœืชื™ ืืคืฉืจื™ ืœื ื”ืœ ื—ื‘ืจืช ืชืขื•ืคื” ื‘ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื ื™ื”
00:47
without speaking English.
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ื‘ืœื™ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช.
00:48
That would have been serious limitation to your ability to communicate
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ื–ื• ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืžื’ื‘ืœื” ืจืฆื™ื ื™ืช ืœื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืฉืœืš ืœืชืงืฉืจ
00:51
with customers, and in fact, when people ask me,
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ืขื ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช, ื•ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื›ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื•ืืœื™ื ืื•ืชื™,
00:55
Do you, I mean you come from Greece,
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ื”ืื ืืชื”, ืื ื™ ืžืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืืชื” ื‘ื ืžื™ื•ื•ืŸ,
00:58
why didn't you start the airline in Greece
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ืœืžื” ืœื ืคืชื—ืช ืืช ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ืชืขื•ืคื” ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ
00:59
or why didn't you go to France or Germany or everything else?
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ืื• ืœืžื” ืœื ื”ืœื›ืช ืœืฆืจืคืช ืื• ืœื’ืจืžื ื™ื” ืื• ืœื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ืจ?
01:01
And, one of the things I say
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ื•ืื—ื“ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืื ื™ ืื•ืžืจ
01:04
is that Greece is too small
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ื”ื•ื ืฉื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืงื˜ื ื” ืžื“ื™,
01:06
it's in the wrong end of Europe, and out of the big markets,
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ื”ื™ื ื ืžืฆืืช ื‘ืงืฆื” ื”ืœื ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืื™ืจื•ืคื”, ื•ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื,
01:11
the German, French and English.
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ื”ื’ืจืžื ื™ืช, ื”ืฆืจืคืชื™ืช ื•ื”ืื ื’ืœื™ืช.
01:12
The only language I could skip,
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ื”ืฉืคื” ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ืœื“ืœื’ ืขืœื™ื”,
01:14
speak was English, so I had to come to London.
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ืœื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืื ื’ืœื™ืช, ืื– ื ืืœืฆืชื™ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืœื•ื ื“ื•ืŸ.
01:17
Stelios needs English to run his business,
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ืกื˜ืœื™ื•ืก ืฆืจื™ืš ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœื ื”ืœ ืืช ื”ืขืกืง ืฉืœื•,
01:19
and as we heard there,
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ื•ื›ืคื™ ืฉืฉืžืขื ื• ืฉื,
01:21
he speaks the language very well.
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ื”ื•ื ื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืืช ื”ืฉืคื” ื˜ื•ื‘ ืžืื•ื“.
01:23
But what's he doing that makes him such a good communicator in English?
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ืื‘ืœ ืžื” ื”ื•ื ืขื•ืฉื” ืฉื”ื•ืคืš ืื•ืชื• ืœืžืชืงืฉืจ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช?
01:26
What's his secret to better speaking?
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ืžื” ื”ืกื•ื“ ืฉืœื• ืœื“ื‘ืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ?
01:30
BBC Learning English dot com.
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BBC ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช dot com.
01:34
And with me again in the studio is
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ื•ืื™ืชื™ ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ืื•ืœืคืŸ
01:36
teacher and teacher trainer, Richard Hallows. Hello Richard.
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ื”ืžื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืžืืžืŸ, ืจื™ืฆ'ืจื“ ื”ืœื•ื•ืก. ืฉืœื•ื ืจื™ืฆ'ืจื“.
01:39
Hello Callum.
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ืฉืœื•ื ืงืืœื•ื.
01:40
And before we hear more from Richard, let's listen again to Stelios.
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ื•ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื ืฉืžืข ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืจื™ืฆ'ืจื“, ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืงืฉื™ื‘ ืฉื•ื‘ ืœืกื˜ืœื™ื•ืก.
01:45
Well, obviously, I've survived in business
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื‘ืจื•ืจ, ืฉืจื“ืชื™ ื‘ืขืกืงื™ื
01:47
by being able to speak English and Greek -
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ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื•ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ืช -
01:50
which is not very useful outside Greece.
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ื•ื–ื” ืœื ืžืื•ื“ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉื™ ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœื™ื•ื•ืŸ.
01:52
So, definitely English must be the business language.
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ืื–, ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉืคื” ื”ืขืกืงื™ืช.
01:55
I think it would have been impossible to run an airline in the UK
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืœืชื™ ืืคืฉืจื™ ืœื ื”ืœ ื—ื‘ืจืช ืชืขื•ืคื” ื‘ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื ื™ื”
01:57
without speaking English.
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ื‘ืœื™ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช.
01:58
That would have been serious limitation to the ability to communicate
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ื–ื• ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืžื’ื‘ืœื” ืจืฆื™ื ื™ืช ืœื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœืชืงืฉืจ
02:02
with customers, and, in fact, when people ask me,
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ืขื ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช, ื•ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื›ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื•ืืœื™ื ืื•ืชื™,
02:06
do you, I mean you come from Greece
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ื”ืื ืืชื”, ืื ื™ ืžืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืืชื” ื‘ื ืžื™ื•ื•ืŸ
02:08
why didn't you start the airline in Greece,
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ืœืžื” ืœื ืคืชื—ืช ืืช ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ืชืขื•ืคื” ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ,
02:10
or why didn't you go to France or Germany or everything else?
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ืื• ืœืžื” ืœื? ืœืœื›ืช ืœืฆืจืคืช ืื• ืœื’ืจืžื ื™ื” ืื• ืœื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ืจ?
02:12
And one of the things I say is that Greece is too small -
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ื•ืื—ื“ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืื ื™ ืื•ืžืจ ื”ื•ื ืฉื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืงื˜ื ื” ืžื“ื™ -
02:17
It's in the wrong end of Europe, and out of the big markets
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ื”ื™ื ื‘ืงืฆื” ื”ืœื ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืื™ืจื•ืคื”, ื•ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื
02:22
the German, French and English.
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ื”ื’ืจืžื ื™ืช, ื”ืฆืจืคืชื™ืช ื•ื”ืื ื’ืœื™ืช.
02:23
The only language. I could skip,
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ื”ืฉืคื” ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื”. ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ืœื“ืœื’,
02:25
speak was English, so I had to come to London.
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ืœื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื” ืื ื’ืœื™ืช, ืื– ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื‘ื•ื ืœืœื•ื ื“ื•ืŸ.
02:27
So, Stelios Haji-Ioannou there
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ืื–, ืกื˜ืœื™ื•ืก ื—ืื’'ื™-ื™ื•ืื ื• ืฉื
02:29
obviously, a very successful businessman. Richard, how successful
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ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ืื™ืฉ ืขืกืงื™ื ืžืฆืœื™ื— ืžืื•ื“. ืจื™ืฆ'ืจื“, ืขื“ ื›ืžื”
02:33
do you think he is a speaker of international English?
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ืืชื” ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื”ื•ื ื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช?
02:35
I think he's very successful
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืื•ื“ ืžื•ืฆืœื—
02:37
and I think one thing - what I find particularly interesting about Stelios
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ื•ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ื“ - ืžื” ืฉื ืจืื” ืœื™ ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืกื˜ืœื™ื•ืก
02:40
is the way that he organises his speaking.
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ื”ื•ื ื”ื“ืจืš ืฉื‘ื” ื”ื•ื ืžืืจื’ืŸ ืืช ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืœื•.
02:44
And what do you mean by that?
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ื•ืœืžื” ืืชื” ืžืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ื‘ื–ื”?
02:45
Well, he makes it very easy for us to follow what he wants to say.
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื”ื•ื ืžืงืœ ืขืœื™ื ื• ืžืื•ื“ ืœืขืงื•ื‘ ืื—ืจ ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื•ืžืจ.
02:50
He uses words like 'and' and 'but' very well, but, more than that,
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ื”ื•ื ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืžืื•ื“ ื‘ืžื™ืœื™ื ื›ืžื• 'ื•' ื•'ืื‘ืœ', ืื‘ืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื–ื”,
02:54
listen to the way he asks a question to himself and
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ืชืงืฉื™ื‘ ืœื“ืจืš ืฉื‘ื” ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ืืœ ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ืฉืืœื”
02:58
then goes on to answer that question:
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ื•ืื– ืžืžืฉื™ืš ืœืขื ื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ื–ื•:
03:01
and in fact, when people ask me, do you, I mean you come from Greece
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ื•ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื›ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื•ืืœื™ื ืื•ืชื™, ื”ืื ืืชื” , ื–ืืช ืื•ืžืจืช ืืชื” ื‘ื ืžื™ื•ื•ืŸ
03:06
why didn't you start the airline in Greece
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ืœืžื” ืœื ืคืชื—ืช ืืช ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ืชืขื•ืคื” ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ
03:07
or why did you go to France or Germany or everything else?
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ืื• ืœืžื” ื ืกืขืช ืœืฆืจืคืช ืื• ืœื’ืจืžื ื™ื” ืื• ืœื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ืจ?
03:10
And, one of the things I say
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ื•ืื—ื“ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืื ื™ ืื•ืžืจ
03:12
is that Greece is too small
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ื”ื•ื ืฉื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืงื˜ื ื” ืžื“ื™
03:15
it's in the wrong end of Europe, and out of the big markets
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ื”ื™ื ื ืžืฆืืช ื‘ืงืฆื” ื”ืœื ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืื™ืจื•ืคื”, ื•ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื
03:19
the German, French and English. The only language
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ื”ื’ืจืžื ื™ืช, ื”ืฆืจืคืชื™ืช ื•ื”ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ื”ืฉืคื” ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื”
03:21
I could skip, speak was English
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ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ืœื“ืœื’ ืขืœื™ื”, ืœื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืื ื’ืœื™ืช
03:23
so I had to come to London.
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ืื– ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื‘ื•ื ืœืœื•ื ื“ื•ืŸ.
03:25
Now, um, by asking the question
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืืžืž, ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฉืื™ืœืช ื”ืฉืืœื”
03:27
it prepares us, us being the listener, to listen for the answer.
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ื”ื™ื ืžื›ื™ื ื” ืื•ืชื ื•, ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื”ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื, ืœื”ืงืฉื™ื‘ ืœืชืฉื•ื‘ื”.
03:32
So, why did he come to the UK? Well.
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ืื– ืœืžื” ื”ื•ื ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื‘ืจื™ื˜ื ื™ื”? ื ื•.
03:35
Mmm, I wonder, and, you know, we start thinking: maybe it's this, or
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ืžืžืž, ืื ื™ ืชื•ื”ื”, ื•ืืชื” ื™ื•ื“ืข, ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘: ืื•ืœื™ ื–ื” ื–ื”, ืื•
03:39
maybe it's that, and then
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ืื•ืœื™ ื–ื” ื–ื”, ื•ืื–
03:40
he gives us the answer.
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ื”ื•ื ื ื•ืชืŸ ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”.
03:42
So, it's a good way to to get the listener to to follow easily
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ืœื›ืŸ, ื–ื• ื“ืจืš ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœืžืื–ื™ืŸ ืœืขืงื•ื‘ ื‘ืงืœื•ืช ืื—ืจ
03:46
what you'd want to, them to hear.
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ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื™ืช ืจื•ืฆื”, ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ืฉืžืข.
03:47
So, helping the listener out, you know, in the conversation.
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ืื–, ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœืžืื–ื™ืŸ, ืืชื” ื™ื•ื“ืข, ื‘ืฉื™ื—ื”.
03:52
Yeah. And I think what our listeners can do is they can they actually can steal this
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ื›ึผึตืŸ. ื•ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืžื” ืฉืžืื–ื™ื ื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ื” ืฉื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืฉื”ื ื‘ืืžืช ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื’ื ื•ื‘ ืืช
03:56
question or adapt it in different ways.
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ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ื–ื• ืื• ืœื”ืชืื™ื ืื•ืชื” ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื•ืช.
03:59
For example?
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ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”?
04:00
Well, they could say 'An interesting question is...'
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื•ืžืจ 'ืฉืืœื” ืžืขื ื™ื™ื ืช ื”ื™ื...'
04:05
and then, go on to,
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ื•ืื–, ื”ืžืฉืš
04:06
to say that, or 'I think...'
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ืœื•ืžืจ ืืช ื–ื”, ืื• 'ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘...'
04:08
'Let me tell you about...' is a good expression.
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'ืชืŸ ืœื™ ืœืกืคืจ ืœืš ืขืœ...' ื–ื” ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘.
04:13
So there are ways
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ืื– ื™ืฉ ื“ืจื›ื™ื
04:14
of drawing the listener into the conversation - getting them involved
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ืœืžืฉื•ืš ืืช ื”ืžืื–ื™ืŸ ืœืฉื™ื—ื” - ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืขื•ืจื‘
04:17
and are making them want to listen more.
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ื•ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื”ื ืœืจืฆื•ืช ืœื”ืงืฉื™ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ.
04:19
Yeah. It's a way of marking that there's some important information coming next.
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ื›ึผึตืŸ. ื–ื• ื“ืจืš ืœืกืžืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ืžื™ื“ืข ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš.
04:26
It's a useful idea to,
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ื–ื” ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉื™
04:27
to make it clear, as clear as possible,
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื”ื™ืจ, ื›ืžื” ืฉื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืจื•ืจ,
04:29
what type of information is coming next.
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ืื™ื–ื” ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ ืžื™ื“ืข ืžื’ื™ืข ื”ื‘ื.
04:31
So, I think, if you're adding extra information,
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ืื–, ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘, ืื ืืชื” ืžื•ืกื™ืฃ ืžื™ื“ืข ื ื•ืกืฃ,
04:34
or maybe contrasting information, saying something
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ืื• ืื•ืœื™ ืžื™ื“ืข ืžื ื•ื’ื“, ืื•ืžืจ ืžืฉื”ื•
04:37
opposite in meaning. Our listeners know
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ื”ืคื•ืš ื‘ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื•. ื”ืžืื–ื™ื ื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื
04:40
I think to say 'and' and 'but', but maybe we can make that even clearer.
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ืฉืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ 'ื•' ื•'ืื‘ืœ', ืื‘ืœ ืื•ืœื™ ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ื‘ื”ื™ืจ ืืช ื–ื” ืืคื™ืœื• ื™ื•ืชืจ.
04:44
How?
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ืึตื™ืš?
04:45
Well, instead of just saying 'and', maybe 'and another thing is', or 'and on top of that',
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ 'ื•', ืื•ืœื™ 'ื•ืขื•ื“ ืžืฉื”ื•', ืื• 'ื•ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœื–ื”',
04:54
or maybe even just stressing 'and', so, for example,
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ืื• ืื•ืœื™ ืืคื™ืœื• ืจืง ืœื”ื“ื’ื™ืฉ 'ื•', ืื–, ืœืžืฉืœ,
04:57
Stelios speaks very fluently and organises it very well.
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ืกื˜ืœื™ื•ืก ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžืื•ื“ ืฉื•ื˜ืคืช ื•ืžืืจื’ืŸ ืืช ื–ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ ืžืื•ื“. .
05:02
So, we can stress the 'and' to make it very clear that there's some
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ืื–, ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”'ื•' ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื”ื™ืจ ืžืื•ื“ ืฉื™ืฉ
05:05
extra information coming.
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ืžื™ื“ืข ื ื•ืกืฃ ืฉืžื’ื™ืข.
05:07
And that's very natural.
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ื•ื–ื” ืžืื•ื“ ื˜ื‘ืขื™.
05:08
That's very natural indeed. Native speakers do it all the time.
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ื–ื” ื‘ืืžืช ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ืžืื•ื“. ื“ื•ื‘ืจื™ ืฉืคืช ืื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืืช ื–ื” ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ.
05:11
If you're contrasting information,
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ืื ืืชื ืžื ื•ื’ื“ื™ื ืžื™ื“ืข,
05:13
instead of saying just 'but', maybe 'but in fact', or 'but on the other hand'.
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ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœื•ืžืจ ืจืง 'ืื‘ืœ', ืื•ืœื™ 'ืื‘ืœ ืœืžืขืฉื”', ืื• 'ืื‘ืœ ืžืฆื“ ืฉื ื™'.
05:20
So, we know it's very clear
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ืื–, ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉื–ื” ืžืื•ื“ ื‘ืจื•ืจ
05:21
there's some contrasting information coming,
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ืฉื™ืฉ ืžื™ื“ืข ืžื ื•ื’ื“ ืฉืžื’ื™ืข,
05:24
and listen for that information.
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ื•ื”ืงืฉื™ื‘ื• ืœืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื–ื”.
05:26
Little phrases like
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ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื ื›ืžื•
05:27
'and another thing is' and 'on top of that' are natural markers to put into,
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'ื•ืขื•ื“ ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื•ื' ื•'ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœื–ื”' ื”ื ืกืžื ื™ื ื˜ื‘ืขื™ื™ื ืœื”ื›ื ื™ืก
05:31
into sentences. Can you, can you give us some examples of these?
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ืœืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื. ื”ืื ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืชืช ืœื ื• ื›ืžื” ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช ื›ืืœื”?
05:34
OK. So, learning English is about having enough language, and
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ. ืื–, ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ื•ื ืขืœ ืžืกืคื™ืง ืฉืคื”,
05:40
on top of that, making our speaking clear through
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ื•ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœื›ืš, ืœื”ื‘ื”ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืœื ื• ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช
05:43
good organisation.
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ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ื˜ื•ื‘.
05:45
Right, so there's two things going on there
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ื ื›ื•ืŸ, ืื– ื™ืฉ ืฉื ื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืงื•ืจื™ื ืฉื
05:47
and 'on top of that' indicates that there's something more as well
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ื•'ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœื–ื”' ืžืฆื‘ื™ืข ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉื™ืฉ ืขื•ื“ ืžืฉื”ื•
05:51
that needs to be listened out for.
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ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืงืฉื™ื‘ ืœื•.
05:52
An example of contrasting information
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ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ืœืžื™ื“ืข ืžื ื•ื’ื“
05:54
might be that I came here by bus today and I left my house very early.
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ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ื’ืขืชื™ ืœื›ืืŸ ื‘ืื•ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืก ื”ื™ื•ื ื•ื™ืฆืืชื™ ืžื”ื‘ื™ืช ืžื•ืงื“ื ืžืื•ื“.
05:59
I thought it would take a long time,
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ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืฉื–ื” ื™ื™ืงื— ื”ืจื‘ื” ื–ืžืŸ,
06:01
but in fact, it took me 20 minutes.
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ืื‘ืœ ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื–ื” ืœืงื— ืœื™ 20 ื“ืงื•ืช.
06:04
'In fact' used there to contrast and information.
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'ืœืžืขืฉื”' ืžืฉืžืฉ ืฉื ืœื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ื•ืžื™ื“ืข.
06:07
That's a very natural kind of language.
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ื–ื” ืกื•ื’ ืžืื•ื“ ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ืฉืœ ืฉืคื”.
06:10
Stelios, as we said, is a very natural speaker of English.
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ืกื˜ืœื™ื•ืก, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืืžืจื ื•, ื”ื•ื ื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช ืžืื•ื“.
06:14
Let's listen to one more clip from him - and he's got his own piece of advice
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ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืฉืžืข ืขื•ื“ ืงืœื™ืค ืื—ื“ ืฉืœื• - ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื• ืขืฆื” ืžืฉืœื•
06:18
for learners and speakers of English. Let's listen again.
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ืœืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ื•ื“ื•ื‘ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ื‘ื•ื ื ืงืฉื™ื‘ ืฉื•ื‘.
06:22
What I find fascinating is sometimes when you were having, perhaps
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ืžื” ืฉื ืจืื” ืœื™ ืžืจืชืง ื–ื” ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื›ืฉืขืจื›ืช, ืื•ืœื™
06:25
even a casual meeting, even a dinner with a group of people from different
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ืืคื™ืœื• ืคื’ื™ืฉื” ืžื–ื“ืžื ืช, ืืคื™ืœื• ืืจื•ื—ืช ืขืจื‘ ืขื ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช
06:30
countries were, you know, the only common link really is business, and you try
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ื”ื™ื•, ืืชื” ื™ื•ื“ืข, ื”ืงื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ื”ื•ื ืขืกืงื™ื, ื•ืืชื” ืžื ืกื”
06:36
and talk outside the business and there is very little common ground.
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ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœืขืกืง. ื™ืฉ ืžืขื˜ ืžืื•ื“ ืžื›ื ื” ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ.
06:40
So, one of the things I've learned is that if you're going to
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ืื– ืื—ื“ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืœืžื“ืชื™ ื”ื•ื ืฉืื ืืชื” ืžืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ
06:45
to communicate with people whose mother tongue is not the English,
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ืœืชืงืฉืจ ืขื ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืฉืคืช ื”ืื ืฉืœื”ื ืื™ื ื” ืื ื’ืœื™ืช,
06:48
don't try and use too many colloquial expressions,
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ืืœ ืชื ืกื” ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ื™ื ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื,
06:51
don't try and crack too many jokes
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ืืœ ืชื ืกื” ืœืคืฆื— ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื“ื™ ื‘ื“ื™ื—ื•ืช
06:52
because it might go over the head completely and you may lose them.
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ื›ื™ ื–ื” ืขืœื•ืœ ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืœื’ืžืจื™ ืžืขืœ ื”ืจืืฉ ื•ืืชื” ืขืœื•ืœ ืœืื‘ื“ ืื•ืชื.
06:56
So, what do you think of that piece of advice there, Richard?
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ืื– ืžื” ืืชื” ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืขืœ ื”ืขืฆื” ื”ื–ื• ืฉื, ืจื™ืฆ'ืจื“?
07:00
I know that many students,
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ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฉืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื,
07:01
they like to learn idioms and colloquial expressions
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ื”ื ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื ื™ื‘ื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ื™ื ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื
07:04
from a British English or American English,
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ืžืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื™ืช ืื• ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ืช,
07:06
but there's a little warning there from Stelios, isn't there?
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ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฉ ืฉื ืื–ื”ืจื” ืงื˜ื ื” ืžืกื˜ืœื™ื•ืก, ืœื?
07:09
Yeah, I mean I think - I think you're right.
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ื›ืŸ, ืื ื™ ืžืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ, ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ - ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืืชื” ืฆื•ื“ืง.
07:10
Students do like learning idioms and I think it can be fun,
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ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื ื™ื‘ื™ื ื•ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ื™ืฃ,
07:13
but I think you can spend a lot of time learning these idioms,
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืฉืงื™ืข ื”ืจื‘ื” ื–ืžืŸ ื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ื ื™ื‘ื™ื ื”ืืœื”,
07:17
and if you're speaking with non-native speakers,
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ื•ืื ืืชื” ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืขื ื“ื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื ืฉืคืช ืื,
07:20
maybe it's not the best way to spend your time.
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ืื•ืœื™ ื–ื• ืœื ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื‘ืœื•ืช ืืช ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืœืš.
07:23
Maybe they're not really going to be understood.
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ืื•ืœื™ ื”ื ืœื ื‘ืืžืช ื™ื•ื‘ื ื•.
07:25
So, if you're speaking to native speakers,
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ืื–, ืื ืืชื” ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืขื ื“ื•ื‘ืจื™ ืฉืคืช ืื,
07:28
then, then that's quite a natural thing,
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ืื– ื–ื” ื“ื™ ื˜ื‘ืขื™,
07:29
but other non-native speakers of English might,
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ืื‘ืœ ืื•ืœื™ ื“ื•ื‘ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื ื“ื•ื‘ืจื™ ืฉืคืช ืื
07:32
might not exactly understand what you mean, when you use these idioms and jokes.
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ืœื ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืœืžื” ืืชื” ืžืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ื›ืฉืืชื” ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ื—ื•ืช ื”ืืœื”.
07:37
Yeah. Better to keep it simple, really, simple and clear.
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ื›ึผึตืŸ. ืขื“ื™ืฃ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืืช ื–ื” ืคืฉื•ื˜, ื‘ืืžืช, ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื•ื‘ืจื•ืจ.
07:40
So, if we go back now to thinking
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ืื– ืื ื ื—ื–ื•ืจ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘
07:42
about helping people who may be wanting to improve their English,
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ืขืœ ืขื–ืจื” ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืื•ืœื™ ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ื”ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืฉืœื”ื,
07:46
what piece of advice can you give them today?
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ืื™ื–ื• ืขืฆื” ืชื•ื›ืœ ืœืชืช ืœื”ื ื”ื™ื•ื?
07:49
Well, first of all be aware that you need to organise your speaking,
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืงื•ื“ื ื›ืœ ืฉื™ื ืœื‘ ืฉืืชื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืืจื’ืŸ ืืช ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืœืš,
07:54
which hopefully people are now, and listen for ways
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ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืžืงื•ื•ื” ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ื”ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื•ืœื”ืงืฉื™ื‘ ืœื“ืจื›ื™ื
07:59
in which people organise their speaking. So, next time you're listening,
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ืฉื‘ื”ืŸ ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืืจื’ื ื™ื ืืช ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืœื”ื. ืื– ื‘ืคืขื ื”ื‘ืื” ืฉืืชื ืžืงืฉื™ื‘ื™ื,
08:02
don't just listen to the content
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ืืœ ืชืงืฉื™ื‘ื• ืจืง ืœืชื•ื›ืŸ
08:03
but listen how it's put together, OK?
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ืืœื ืชืงืฉื™ื‘ื• ืื™ืš ื”ื•ื ืžื•ืจื›ื‘, ื‘ืกื“ืจ?
08:06
If you can read an interview or maybe if you've got a course book,
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ืื ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืงืจื•ื ืจืื™ื•ืŸ ืื• ืื•ืœื™ ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ืกืคืจ ืงื•ืจืก,
08:10
look at the transcript, the listening in the back of the book
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ืชืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื”ืชืžืœื™ืœ, ื”ื”ืื–ื ื” ื‘ื—ืœืง ื”ืื—ื•ืจื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืกืคืจ
08:14
and pick out ways in which the speaking is organised, OK?
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ื•ื‘ื—ืจ ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ืŸ ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืžืื•ืจื’ืŸ, ื‘ืกื“ืจ?
08:19
Look at the way people add information,
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ืชืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื”ื“ืจืš ืฉื‘ื” ืื ืฉื™ื ืžื•ืกื™ืคื™ื ืžื™ื“ืข,
08:21
the way they contrast information,
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ื”ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ื”ื ืžื ื•ื’ื“ื™ื ืžื™ื“ืข,
08:24
the way they introduce new ideas,
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ื”ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ื”ื ืžืฆื™ื’ื™ื ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื™ื,
08:26
or maybe interrupt
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ืื• ืื•ืœื™ ืžืคืจื™ืขื™ื
08:27
other people, and so on. The way it's organised, very generally.
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ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื, ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืœืื”. ื”ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ื–ื” ืžืื•ืจื’ืŸ, ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื›ืœืœื™ ืžืื•ื“.
08:31
So, there's more than just 'and' and 'but'.
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ืื–, ื™ืฉ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืกืชื 'ื•' ื•'ืื‘ืœ'.
08:33
Exactly, yes.
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ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง, ื›ืŸ.
08:34
And what about that last piece of advice
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ื•ืžื” ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืื•ืชื” ืขืฆื” ืื—ืจื•ื ื”
08:37
about using colloquial expressions, idioms and jokes, and so on?
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ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ื™ื ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื, ื ื™ื‘ื™ื ื•ื‘ื“ื™ื—ื•ืช ื•ื›ื•'?
08:40
Yeah, I think using colloquial expressions, idioms
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ื›ืŸ, ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ื™ื ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื, ื ื™ื‘ื™ื
08:43
can be very nice if you're speaking with a native speaker.
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ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื ื—ืžื“ื™ื ืžืื•ื“ ืื ืืชื” ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืขื ื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืฉืคืช ืื.
08:46
If you're speaking with non-natives
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ืื ืืชื” ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืขื ืœื ื™ืœื™ื“ื™ื
08:48
maybe these things will not be understood,
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ืื•ืœื™ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืœื ื™ื•ื‘ื ื•,
08:50
will make you not very clear.
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ื™ื’ืจื•ื ืœืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœื ื‘ืจื•ืจ.
08:52
So, when you're learning English, maybe focus,
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ืœื›ืŸ, ื›ืฉืืชื” ืœื•ืžื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช, ืื•ืœื™ ืชืชืžืงื“,
08:54
concentrate your time
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ืชืจื›ื– ืืช ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืœืš
08:56
more on learning other things, and focus on speaking as clearly
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ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื, ื•ื”ืชืžืงื“ ื‘ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื›ื™ ื‘ืจื•ืจ
09:00
and as simply as possible.
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ื•ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืฉืืคืฉืจ.
09:01
For today, Richard Hallows - thank you very much.
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ืœื”ื™ื•ื, ืจื™ืฆ'ืจื“ ื”ืื•ืœืก - ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื”.
09:04
Thank you, Callum.
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ืชื•ื“ื”, ืงืืœื•ื.
09:05
And now, just time to hear
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ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืœืฉืžื•ืข
09:06
today's Better Speaking tips again.
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ืฉื•ื‘ ืืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื™ื ืฉืœ Better Speaking ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื•ื.
09:11
Listen out for ways that people organise what they're going to say.
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ื”ืงืฉื™ื‘ื• ืœื“ืจื›ื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ืŸ ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืืจื’ื ื™ื ืืช ืžื” ืฉื”ื ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœื”ื’ื™ื“.
09:17
Listen to how good speakers of English add information.
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ื”ืงืฉื™ื‘ื• ืœืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ื“ื•ื‘ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ืžื•ืกื™ืคื™ื ืžื™ื“ืข.
09:20
For example, they might say:
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ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”, ื”ื ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœื•ืžืจ:
09:22
'and another thing is',
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'ื•ืขื•ื“ ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื•ื',
09:24
or perhaps they might say 'and on top of that',
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ืื• ืื•ืœื™ ื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื•ืžืจ 'ื•ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœื›ืš',
09:29
or they might just stress the word and: Stelios speaks very fluently
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ืื• ืฉื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœื”ื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืžื™ืœื” ื•: ืกื˜ืœื™ื•ืก ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืฉื•ื˜ืคืช
09:33
and organises it very well.
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ื•ืžืืจื’ืŸ ืื•ืชื” ื”ื™ื˜ื‘.
09:34
So, we can stress the
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ืื–, ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช
09:37
'and' to make it very clear that there's some extra information coming.
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ื”'ื•' ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื”ื™ืจ ืžืื•ื“ ืฉื™ืฉ ืžื™ื“ืข ื ื•ืกืฃ ืฉืžื’ื™ืข.
09:45
Listen to how speakers of English contrast information, for example,
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ื”ืงืฉื™ื‘ื• ืœืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ื“ื•ื‘ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืžื ื•ื’ื“ื™ื ืžื™ื“ืข, ืœืžืฉืœ, ืขืœ
09:50
by saying 'but in fact' or by saying 'on the other hand'.
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ื™ื“ื™ ืืžื™ืจืช 'ืื‘ืœ ืœืžืขืฉื”' ืื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืืžื™ืจืช 'ืžืฆื“ ืฉื ื™'.
09:56
I came here by bus today and I left my house very early.
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ื”ื’ืขืชื™ ืœื›ืืŸ ื‘ืื•ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืก ื”ื™ื•ื ื•ื™ืฆืืชื™ ืžื”ื‘ื™ืช ืžื•ืงื“ื ืžืื•ื“.
09:59
I thought it would take a long time.
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ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืฉื–ื” ื™ื™ืงื— ื”ืจื‘ื” ื–ืžืŸ.
10:01
But in fact, it took me twenty minutes.
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ืื‘ืœ ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื–ื” ืœืงื— ืœื™ ืขืฉืจื™ื ื“ืงื•ืช.
10:08
Notice the way fluent speakers
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ืฉื™ืžื• ืœื‘ ืœืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ื“ื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื•ื˜ืคื™ื
10:11
introduce new ideas or new information, for example,
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ืžืฆื™ื’ื™ื ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืื• ืžื™ื“ืข ื—ื“ืฉ, ืœืžืฉืœ,
10:15
they might say 'an interesting question is' or 'let me tell you about'.
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ื”ื ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœื•ืžืจ 'ืฉืืœื” ืžืขื ื™ื™ื ืช ื”ื™ื' ืื• 'ืชืŸ ืœื™ ืœืกืคืจ ืœืš ืขืœ'.
10:22
Remember the way that Stelios asked a question,
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ื–ื›ื•ืจ ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ืฉื‘ื” ืกื˜ืœื™ื•ืก ืฉืืœ ืฉืืœื”,
10:24
and then went on to answer it himself.
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ื•ืื– ื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืขื ื•ืช ืขืœื™ื” ื‘ืขืฆืžื•.
10:26
And in fact, when people ask me,
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ื•ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื›ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื•ืืœื™ื ืื•ืชื™,
10:29
do you, I mean, you come from Greece.
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ื”ืื ืืชื”, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืืชื” ื‘ื ืžื™ื•ื•ืŸ.
10:32
Why did't you start the airline in Greece,
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ืœืžื” ืœื ืคืชื—ืชื ืืช ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ืชืขื•ืคื” ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ,
10:33
or why did you go to France or Germany or everything else?
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ืื• ืœืžื” ื ืกืขืชื ืœืฆืจืคืช ืื• ืœื’ืจืžื ื™ื” ืื• ืœื›ืœ ื”ืฉืืจ?
10:35
And one of the things I say
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ื•ืื—ื“ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืื ื™ ืื•ืžืจ
10:38
is that, you know, Greece is too small.
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ื–ื”, ืืชื” ื™ื•ื“ืข, ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืงื˜ื ื” ืžื“ื™.
10:46
If you're studying English at school or college,
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ืื ืืชื” ืœื•ืžื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ ืื• ื‘ืžื›ืœืœื”, ื•ื™ืฉ
10:49
and you have a coursebook, there
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ืœืš ืกืคืจ ืงื•ืจืก,
10:50
may be transcripts of listening material in the book.
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ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ืกืคืจ ืชืžืœื™ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืžืจ ื”ืื–ื ื”.
10:53
If there are, read them and highlight the phrases that speakers
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ืื ื™ืฉ, ืงืจืื• ืื•ืชื ื•ื”ื“ื’ื™ืฉื• ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื
10:57
use to add information,
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ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื”ื“ื•ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืžื™ื“ืข,
10:59
contrast information, introduce new ideas and so on.
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ืœื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ ืžื™ื“ืข, ืœื”ืฆื™ื’ ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืœืื”.
11:04
Look at the transcript of the listening in the back of the book
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ื”ืกืชื›ืœื• ื‘ืชืžืœื™ืœ ื”ื”ืื–ื ื” ื‘ื—ืœืง ื”ืื—ื•ืจื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืกืคืจ
11:07
and pick out ways in which the speaking is organised.
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ื•ื‘ื—ืจื• ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ืŸ ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืžืื•ืจื’ืŸ.
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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