Better Speaking Podcast ๐Ÿ—จ๏ธ๐Ÿ—ฃ๏ธ How to organise your speaking

267,859 views ใƒป 2023-03-13

BBC Learning English


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
If you find it difficult to speak English,
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์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋ ค์šฐ๋ฉฐ
00:02
and would like some help to become more fluent, then
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๋” ์œ ์ฐฝํ•ด์ง€๋„๋ก ๋„์›€์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด
00:06
Better Speaking is for you.
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Better Speaking์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:08
Well, obviously, I've survived in business
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ์ €๋Š”
00:10
by being able to speak English and Greek -
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์˜์–ด์™€ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์‚ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์‚ฌ์—…์—์„œ ์‚ด์•„๋‚จ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:13
which is not very useful outside Greece.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค ๋ฐ–์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋‹ค์ง€ ์œ ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:15
So, definitely English must be
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์˜์–ด๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ
00:18
the business language.
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๋น„์ฆˆ๋‹ˆ์Šค ์–ธ์–ด์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:20
Businessman Stelios Haji-Ioannou has become well known here in Britain
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์‚ฌ์—…๊ฐ€ Stelios Haji-Ioannou๋Š” ์ด๊ณณ ์˜๊ตญ์—์„œ
00:23
as the founder of a highly successful independent airline. In this interview,
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๋งค์šฐ ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์ธ ๋…๋ฆฝ ํ•ญ๊ณต์‚ฌ์˜ ์„ค๋ฆฝ์ž๋กœ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์ธํ„ฐ๋ทฐ์—์„œ
00:28
he explains why he chose to start his business in Britain
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ณ ๊ตญ์ธ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ ์˜๊ตญ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์—…์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ์„ ํƒํ•œ ์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:32
and not in his home country, Greece.
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.
00:34
Well, obviously, I've survived in business
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ์ €๋Š”
00:36
by being able to speak English and Greek -
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์˜์–ด์™€ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์‚ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์‚ฌ์—…์—์„œ ์‚ด์•„๋‚จ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:39
which is not very useful outside Greece.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค ๋ฐ–์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋‹ค์ง€ ์œ ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:41
So, definitely English must be the business language.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์˜์–ด๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ๋น„์ฆˆ๋‹ˆ์Šค ์–ธ์–ด์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ 
00:45
I think it would have been impossible to run an airline in the UK
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์˜๊ตญ์—์„œ ํ•ญ๊ณต์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์šด์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:47
without speaking English.
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00:48
That would have been serious limitation to your ability to communicate
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณ ๊ฐ๊ณผ์˜ ์˜์‚ฌ์†Œํ†ต ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์— ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ์ œํ•œ์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:51
with customers, and in fact, when people ask me,
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ €์—๊ฒŒ "
00:55
Do you, I mean you come from Greece,
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค์—์„œ ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
00:58
why didn't you start the airline in Greece
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์™œ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค์—์„œ ํ•ญ๊ณต์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ
00:59
or why didn't you go to France or Germany or everything else?
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?"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ์„ ๋•Œ ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค๋‚˜ ๋…์ผ ๋˜๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์—?
01:01
And, one of the things I say
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”
01:04
is that Greece is too small
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ž‘์•„์„œ
01:06
it's in the wrong end of Europe, and out of the big markets,
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์œ ๋Ÿฝ์˜ ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ๋์— ์žˆ๊ณ  ํฐ ์‹œ์žฅ์ธ
01:11
the German, French and English.
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๋…์ผ, ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค, โ€‹โ€‹์˜๊ตญ์—์„œ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:12
The only language I could skip,
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๊ฑด๋„ˆ๋›ฐ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์œ ์ผํ•œ ์–ธ์–ด๋Š”
01:14
speak was English, so I had to come to London.
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์˜์–ด์˜€๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋Ÿฐ๋˜์œผ๋กœ ์™€์•ผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:17
Stelios needs English to run his business,
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Stelios๋Š” ๋น„์ฆˆ๋‹ˆ์Šค๋ฅผ ์šด์˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์˜์–ด๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋ฉฐ
01:19
and as we heard there,
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๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋“ค์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
01:21
he speaks the language very well.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์–ธ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋งค์šฐ ์ž˜ ๊ตฌ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:23
But what's he doing that makes him such a good communicator in English?
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ข‹์€ ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆ์ผ€์ดํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ๋œ ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
01:26
What's his secret to better speaking?
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๋ง์„ ๋” ์ž˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ทธ์˜ ๋น„๊ฒฐ์€?
01:30
BBC Learning English dot com.
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BBC Learning English ๋‹ท์ปด.
01:34
And with me again in the studio is
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ €์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ŠคํŠœ๋””์˜ค์—
01:36
teacher and teacher trainer, Richard Hallows. Hello Richard.
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๊ต์‚ฌ์ด์ž ๊ต์‚ฌ ํŠธ๋ ˆ์ด๋„ˆ์ธ Richard Hallows๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•ˆ๋…• ๋ฆฌ์ฒ˜๋“œ.
01:39
Hello Callum.
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์•ˆ๋…• ์บ˜๋Ÿผ.
01:40
And before we hear more from Richard, let's listen again to Stelios.
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Richard์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋” ๋“ฃ๊ธฐ ์ „์— Stelios์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:45
Well, obviously, I've survived in business
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ์ €๋Š”
01:47
by being able to speak English and Greek -
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์˜์–ด์™€ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์‚ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์‚ฌ์—…์—์„œ ์‚ด์•„๋‚จ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:50
which is not very useful outside Greece.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค ๋ฐ–์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋‹ค์ง€ ์œ ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:52
So, definitely English must be the business language.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์˜์–ด๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ๋น„์ฆˆ๋‹ˆ์Šค ์–ธ์–ด์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ 
01:55
I think it would have been impossible to run an airline in the UK
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์˜๊ตญ์—์„œ ํ•ญ๊ณต์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์šด์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:57
without speaking English.
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01:58
That would have been serious limitation to the ability to communicate
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณ ๊ฐ๊ณผ ์†Œํ†ตํ•˜๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์— ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ์ œ์•ฝ์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ 
02:02
with customers, and, in fact, when people ask me,
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, ์‚ฌ์‹ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ œ๊ฒŒ ๋ฌป๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์ œ ๋ง์€
02:06
do you, I mean you come from Greece
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค์—์„œ ์™”๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ธ๊ฐ€์š”
02:08
why didn't you start the airline in Greece,
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, ์™œ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค์—์„œ ํ•ญ๊ณต์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์ง€
02:10
or why didn't you go to France or Germany or everything else?
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์•Š์•˜๋‚˜์š”? ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค๋‚˜ ๋…์ผ ๋˜๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์— ๊ฐ€์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
02:12
And one of the things I say is that Greece is too small -
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ž‘๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค๋Š”
02:17
It's in the wrong end of Europe, and out of the big markets
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์œ ๋Ÿฝ์˜ ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ๋์— ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ํฐ ์‹œ์žฅ์ธ
02:22
the German, French and English.
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๋…์ผ, ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค, โ€‹โ€‹์˜๊ตญ์—์„œ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:23
The only language. I could skip,
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์œ ์ผํ•œ ์–ธ์–ด. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฑด๋„ˆ๋›ธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ 
02:25
speak was English, so I had to come to London.
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์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋งํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋Ÿฐ๋˜์— ์™€์•ผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:27
So, Stelios Haji-Ioannou there
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ Stelios Haji-Ioannou๋Š”
02:29
obviously, a very successful businessman. Richard, how successful
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๋งค์šฐ ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ์—…๊ฐ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Richard,
02:33
do you think he is a speaker of international English?
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๊ตญ์ œ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์„ฑ๊ณตํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
02:35
I think he's very successful
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐ
02:37
and I think one thing - what I find particularly interesting about Stelios
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Stelios์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ํŠนํžˆ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ์ ์€
02:40
is the way that he organises his speaking.
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ์„ค์„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:44
And what do you mean by that?
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋œป์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
02:45
Well, he makes it very easy for us to follow what he wants to say.
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ๊ทธ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งค์šฐ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:50
He uses words like 'and' and 'but' very well, but, more than that,
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๊ทธ๋Š” 'and'์™€ 'but'์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋งค์šฐ ์ž˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ทธ ์ด์ƒ์œผ๋กœ
02:54
listen to the way he asks a question to himself and
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์งˆ๋ฌธํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ๊ทธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€๋‹ตํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์— ๊ท€๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์šธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:58
then goes on to answer that question:
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03:01
and in fact, when people ask me, do you, I mean you come from Greece
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, ๋‚ด ๋ง์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค์—์„œ ์™”๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:06
why didn't you start the airline in Greece
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์™œ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค์—์„œ ํ•ญ๊ณต์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๋˜๋Š”
03:07
or why did you go to France or Germany or everything else?
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์™œ ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค๋‚˜ ๋…์ผ ๋˜๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ณณ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
03:10
And, one of the things I say
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”
03:12
is that Greece is too small
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ž‘์•„์„œ
03:15
it's in the wrong end of Europe, and out of the big markets
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์œ ๋Ÿฝ์˜ ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ๋์— ์žˆ๊ณ 
03:19
the German, French and English. The only language
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๋…์ผ, ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค, โ€‹โ€‹์˜๊ตญ์ด ํฐ ์‹œ์žฅ ๋ฐ–์— ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:21
I could skip, speak was English
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๊ฑด๋„ˆ๋›ฐ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์œ ์ผํ•œ ์–ธ์–ด๋Š” ์˜์–ด์˜€๊ธฐ
03:23
so I had to come to London.
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋Ÿฐ๋˜์— ์™€์•ผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:25
Now, um, by asking the question
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์ž, ์Œ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ
03:27
it prepares us, us being the listener, to listen for the answer.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋“ฃ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋˜์–ด ๋Œ€๋‹ต์„ ๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์ค€๋น„์‹œํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:32
So, why did he come to the UK? Well.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋Š” ์™œ ์˜๊ตญ์— ์™”์„๊นŒ? ์ž˜.
03:35
Mmm, I wonder, and, you know, we start thinking: maybe it's this, or
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์Œ, ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์•„์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ 
03:39
maybe it's that, and then
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์ €๊ฒƒ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด
03:40
he gives us the answer.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹ต์„ ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:42
So, it's a good way to to get the listener to to follow easily
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ฒญ์ทจ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋”ฐ๋ผ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ•˜๋Š” ์ข‹์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:46
what you'd want to, them to hear.
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.
03:47
So, helping the listener out, you know, in the conversation.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋Œ€ํ™”์—์„œ ๋“ฃ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋•์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:52
Yeah. And I think what our listeners can do is they can they actually can steal this
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์‘. ์ฒญ์ทจ์ž๋“ค์ด ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ด
03:56
question or adapt it in different ways.
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์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ›”์น˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์กฐ์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:59
For example?
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด?
04:00
Well, they could say 'An interesting question is...'
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ 'ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์€...'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•œ
04:05
and then, go on to,
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๋‹ค์Œ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ
04:06
to say that, or 'I think...'
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ '๋‚ด ์ƒ๊ฐ์—...'
04:08
'Let me tell you about...' is a good expression.
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'๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•ด์ค„๊ฒŒ...'๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์€ ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:13
So there are ways
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ
04:14
of drawing the listener into the conversation - getting them involved
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์ฒญ์ทจ์ž๋ฅผ ๋Œ€ํ™”์— ๋Œ์–ด๋“ค์ด๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ์ฐธ์—ฌ๋ฅผ ์œ ๋„
04:17
and are making them want to listen more.
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋” ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ด์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:19
Yeah. It's a way of marking that there's some important information coming next.
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์‘. ๋‹ค์Œ์— ์˜ค๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ํ‘œ์‹œํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:26
It's a useful idea to,
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04:27
to make it clear, as clear as possible,
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04:29
what type of information is coming next.
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๋‹ค์Œ์— ์–ด๋–ค ์œ ํ˜•์˜ ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์˜ฌ์ง€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ํ•œ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:31
So, I think, if you're adding extra information,
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
04:34
or maybe contrasting information, saying something
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์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์กฐํ•˜์—ฌ
04:37
opposite in meaning. Our listeners know
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์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ฒญ์ทจ์ž๋“ค์€
04:40
I think to say 'and' and 'but', but maybe we can make that even clearer.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ '๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ '์™€ 'ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ'์„ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋” ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:44
How?
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ?
04:45
Well, instead of just saying 'and', maybe 'and another thing is', or 'and on top of that',
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ '๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ', '๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์€', '๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์œ„์—',
04:54
or maybe even just stressing 'and', so, for example,
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๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ '๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ '๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹ ์—, ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด
04:57
Stelios speaks very fluently and organises it very well.
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Stelios๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์œ ์ฐฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ๋งค์šฐ ์ž˜ ์ •๋ฆฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. .
05:02
So, we can stress the 'and' to make it very clear that there's some
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด 'and'๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:05
extra information coming.
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.
05:07
And that's very natural.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:08
That's very natural indeed. Native speakers do it all the time.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ฐธ์œผ๋กœ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์›์–ด๋ฏผ๋“ค์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:11
If you're contrasting information,
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์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์กฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
05:13
instead of saying just 'but', maybe 'but in fact', or 'but on the other hand'.
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๊ทธ๋ƒฅ 'ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹  'ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€' ๋˜๋Š” 'ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด์—'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:20
So, we know it's very clear
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
05:21
there's some contrasting information coming,
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๋Œ€์กฐ๋˜๋Š” ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ์˜ฌ ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ 
05:24
and listen for that information.
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์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ทธ ์ •๋ณด์— ๊ท€๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์šธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:26
Little phrases like
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05:27
'and another thing is' and 'on top of that' are natural markers to put into,
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'and another thing is' ๋ฐ 'on top of that'๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ž‘์€ ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ์— ๋„ฃ์„ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ํ‘œ์‹œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:31
into sentences. Can you, can you give us some examples of these?
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. ์ด๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด์ฃผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
05:34
OK. So, learning English is about having enough language, and
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์ข‹์•„์š”. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ์–ธ์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ
05:40
on top of that, making our speaking clear through
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๋”๋ถˆ์–ด ์ข‹์€ ์กฐ์ง์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:43
good organisation.
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.
05:45
Right, so there's two things going on there
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๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ผ์ด
05:47
and 'on top of that' indicates that there's something more as well
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์žˆ๊ณ  '๊ทธ ์œ„์—'๋Š” ๋” ๋“ค์–ด์•ผ ํ•  ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:51
that needs to be listened out for.
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.
05:52
An example of contrasting information
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๋Œ€์กฐ๋˜๋Š” ์ •๋ณด์˜ ์˜ˆ๋Š”
05:54
might be that I came here by bus today and I left my house very early.
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ฒ„์Šค๋กœ ์ด๊ณณ์— ์™”๊ณ  ์•„์ฃผ ์ผ์ฐ ์ง‘์—์„œ ๋‚˜์™”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:59
I thought it would take a long time,
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์˜ค๋ž˜ ๊ฑธ๋ฆด ์ค„ ์•Œ์•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
06:01
but in fact, it took me 20 minutes.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” 20๋ถ„ ์ •๋„ ๊ฑธ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:04
'In fact' used there to contrast and information.
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'์‹ค์ œ๋กœ'๋Š” ๋Œ€์กฐ์™€ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:07
That's a very natural kind of language.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์–ธ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:10
Stelios, as we said, is a very natural speaker of English.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ–ˆ๋“ฏ์ด Stelios๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ์˜์–ด ๊ตฌ์‚ฌ์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:14
Let's listen to one more clip from him - and he's got his own piece of advice
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๊ทธ์˜ ํด๋ฆฝ์„ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋” ๋“ค์–ด๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š”
06:18
for learners and speakers of English. Let's listen again.
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์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์ž์™€ ํ™”์ž๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ž์‹ ๋งŒ์˜ ์กฐ์–ธ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋“ค์–ด๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
06:22
What I find fascinating is sometimes when you were having, perhaps
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด
06:25
even a casual meeting, even a dinner with a group of people from different
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์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‚˜๋ผ์—์„œ ์˜จ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ฐ€๋ฒผ์šด ํšŒ์˜๋‚˜ ์ €๋… ์‹์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•  ๋•Œ,
06:30
countries were, you know, the only common link really is business, and you try
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์œ ์ผํ•œ ๊ณตํ†ต ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
06:36
and talk outside the business and there is very little common ground.
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๋น„์ฆˆ๋‹ˆ์Šค๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณตํ†ต์ ์ด ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:40
So, one of the things I've learned is that if you're going to
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฐ์šด ๊ฒƒ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”
06:45
to communicate with people whose mother tongue is not the English,
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๋ชจ๊ตญ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์˜์–ด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ์˜์‚ฌ์†Œํ†ต์„ ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด
06:48
don't try and use too many colloquial expressions,
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์€ ๊ตฌ์–ด์ฒด ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ๋ง๊ณ 
06:51
don't try and crack too many jokes
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์€ ๋†๋‹ด์„ ์‹œ๋„ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ง๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:52
because it might go over the head completely and you may lose them.
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๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€์„œ ์žƒ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:56
So, what do you think of that piece of advice there, Richard?
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ๊ทธ ์กฐ์–ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์„ธ์š”, Richard?
07:00
I know that many students,
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๋งŽ์€ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์˜๊ตญ์‹ ์˜์–ด๋‚˜ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์‹ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ
07:01
they like to learn idioms and colloquial expressions
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๊ด€์šฉ๊ตฌ์™€ ๊ตฌ์–ด์ฒด ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ 
07:04
from a British English or American English,
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07:06
but there's a little warning there from Stelios, isn't there?
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์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ Stelios์—์„œ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
07:09
Yeah, I mean I think - I think you're right.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜, ๋‚ด ๋ง์€ ๋‚ด ์ƒ๊ฐ์—”- ๋„ค ๋ง์ด ๋งž๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„.
07:10
Students do like learning idioms and I think it can be fun,
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ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์€ ๊ด€์šฉ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐ
07:13
but I think you can spend a lot of time learning these idioms,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ด€์šฉ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋งŽ์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ํ• ์• ํ•  ์ˆ˜
07:17
and if you're speaking with non-native speakers,
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์žˆ๊ณ  ๋น„์›์–ด๋ฏผ๊ณผ ๋Œ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
07:20
maybe it's not the best way to spend your time.
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์•„๋‹ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:23
Maybe they're not really going to be understood.
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ •๋ง๋กœ ์ดํ•ด๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:25
So, if you're speaking to native speakers,
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ๊ณผ ๋Œ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š”
07:28
then, then that's quite a natural thing,
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๋งค์šฐ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ์ผ์ด์ง€๋งŒ
07:29
but other non-native speakers of English might,
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์˜์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ๊ตญ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๋Š”
07:32
might not exactly understand what you mean, when you use these idioms and jokes.
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ด€์šฉ๊ตฌ์™€ ๋†๋‹ด์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋ฅผ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:37
Yeah. Better to keep it simple, really, simple and clear.
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์‘. ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•˜๊ณ  ์ •๋ง ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:40
So, if we go back now to thinking
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์ž, ์ด์ œ ๋‹ค์‹œ
07:42
about helping people who may be wanting to improve their English,
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์˜์–ด ์‹ค๋ ฅ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋•๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณธ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
07:46
what piece of advice can you give them today?
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋–ค ์กฐ์–ธ์„ ํ•ด์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
07:49
Well, first of all be aware that you need to organise your speaking,
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๋ฌด์—‡๋ณด๋‹ค ๋จผ์ € ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์—ฐ์„ค์„ ์กฐ์งํ™”ํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์ธ์‹ํ•˜๊ณ 
07:54
which hopefully people are now, and listen for ways
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07:59
in which people organise their speaking. So, next time you're listening,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์—ฐ์„ค์„ ์กฐ์งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์— ๊ท€๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์šธ์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๋‹ค์Œ์— ๋“ค์„ ๋•Œ๋Š”
08:02
don't just listen to the content
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๋‚ด์šฉ๋งŒ ๋“ฃ์ง€ ๋ง๊ณ 
08:03
but listen how it's put together, OK?
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”, ์•Œ์•˜์ฃ ?
08:06
If you can read an interview or maybe if you've got a course book,
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์ธํ„ฐ๋ทฐ๋ฅผ ์ฝ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ฝ”์Šค ์ฑ…์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
08:10
look at the transcript, the listening in the back of the book
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๋Œ€๋ณธ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ , ์ฑ… ๋’ค์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋“ฃ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ 
08:14
and pick out ways in which the speaking is organised, OK?
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๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”, ์•Œ์•˜์ฃ ?
08:19
Look at the way people add information,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹,
08:21
the way they contrast information,
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์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์กฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹,
08:24
the way they introduce new ideas,
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ๋„์ž…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹
08:26
or maybe interrupt
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๋˜๋Š”
08:27
other people, and so on. The way it's organised, very generally.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋ฐฉํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹ ๋“ฑ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ๋งค์šฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:31
So, there's more than just 'and' and 'but'.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ 'and'์™€ 'but' ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:33
Exactly, yes.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:34
And what about that last piece of advice
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08:37
about using colloquial expressions, idioms and jokes, and so on?
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๊ตฌ์–ด์ฒด ํ‘œํ˜„, ์ˆ™์–ด, ๋†๋‹ด ๋“ฑ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์กฐ์–ธ์€ ์–ด๋–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
08:40
Yeah, I think using colloquial expressions, idioms
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๋„ค, ์›์–ด๋ฏผ๊ณผ ๋Œ€ํ™”ํ•  ๋•Œ ๊ตฌ์–ด์ฒด ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ด€์šฉ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€
08:43
can be very nice if you're speaking with a native speaker.
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์•„์ฃผ ์ข‹์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:46
If you're speaking with non-natives
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์›์–ด๋ฏผ์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ณผ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
08:48
maybe these things will not be understood,
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์ดํ•ด๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ
08:50
will make you not very clear.
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๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:52
So, when you're learning English, maybe focus,
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ๋•Œ ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜๊ณ ,
08:54
concentrate your time
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08:56
more on learning other things, and focus on speaking as clearly
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ํ•œ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜์„ธ์š”
09:00
and as simply as possible.
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.
09:01
For today, Richard Hallows - thank you very much.
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์˜ค๋Š˜์€ Richard Hallows๋‹˜, ๋Œ€๋‹จํžˆ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:04
Thank you, Callum.
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๊ณ ๋งˆ์›Œ, ์นผ๋Ÿผ.
09:05
And now, just time to hear
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์ด์ œ
09:06
today's Better Speaking tips again.
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์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ํŒ์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋“ค์„ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:11
Listen out for ways that people organise what they're going to say.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋งํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์ •๋ฆฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๊ท€๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์šธ์ด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
09:17
Listen to how good speakers of English add information.
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์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ์ž˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
09:20
For example, they might say:
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๊ทธ๋“ค์€
09:22
'and another thing is',
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'๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์€'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ , '
09:24
or perhaps they might say 'and on top of that',
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์œ„์—'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
09:29
or they might just stress the word and: Stelios speaks very fluently
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๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•์กฐ
09:33
and organises it very well.
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:34
So, we can stress the
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ
09:37
'and' to make it very clear that there's some extra information coming.
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์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด 'and'๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:45
Listen to how speakers of English contrast information, for example,
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด,
09:50
by saying 'but in fact' or by saying 'on the other hand'.
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'๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€' ๋˜๋Š” '๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•œํŽธ'์„ ๋งํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์˜์–ด ํ™”์ž๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋Œ€์กฐํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
09:56
I came here by bus today and I left my house very early.
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์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ๋ฒ„์Šค๋ฅผ ํƒ€๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ์™”๋Š”๋ฐ ์•„์ฃผ ์ผ์ฐ ์ง‘์—์„œ ๋‚˜์™”์–ด์š”.
09:59
I thought it would take a long time.
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์˜ค๋ž˜ ๊ฑธ๋ฆด ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:01
But in fact, it took me twenty minutes.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” 20๋ถ„์ด ๊ฑธ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:08
Notice the way fluent speakers
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์œ ์ฐฝํ•œ ํ™”์ž๊ฐ€
10:11
introduce new ideas or new information, for example,
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋‚˜ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”
10:15
they might say 'an interesting question is' or 'let me tell you about'.
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.
10:22
Remember the way that Stelios asked a question,
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Stelios๊ฐ€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•œ
10:24
and then went on to answer it himself.
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๋‹ค์Œ ์ง์ ‘ ๋Œ€๋‹ตํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
10:26
And in fact, when people ask me,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‚ฌ์‹ค, ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌป๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด
10:29
do you, I mean, you come from Greece.
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, ์ œ ๋ง์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค์—์„œ ์™”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:32
Why did't you start the airline in Greece,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค์—์„œ ํ•ญ๊ณต์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
10:33
or why did you go to France or Germany or everything else?
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๋˜๋Š” ์™œ ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค๋‚˜ ๋…์ผ ๋˜๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ณณ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
10:35
And one of the things I say
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”
10:38
is that, you know, Greece is too small.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ž‘๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:46
If you're studying English at school or college,
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ํ•™๊ต๋‚˜ ๋Œ€ํ•™์—์„œ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ณ 
10:49
and you have a coursebook, there
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์žˆ๊ณ  ์ฝ”์Šค๋ถ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
10:50
may be transcripts of listening material in the book.
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์ฑ…์— ๋“ฃ๊ธฐ ์ž๋ฃŒ์˜ ๋Œ€๋ณธ์ด ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:53
If there are, read them and highlight the phrases that speakers
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์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด๋ฅผ ์ฝ๊ณ  ํ™”์ž๊ฐ€
10:57
use to add information,
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์ •๋ณด ์ถ”๊ฐ€,
10:59
contrast information, introduce new ideas and so on.
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์ •๋ณด ๋Œ€์กฐ, ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์•„์ด๋””์–ด ์†Œ๊ฐœ ๋“ฑ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•์กฐ ํ‘œ์‹œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:04
Look at the transcript of the listening in the back of the book
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์ฑ… ๋’ค์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋“ฃ๊ธฐ ๋Œ€๋ณธ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ 
11:07
and pick out ways in which the speaking is organised.
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๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์„ ํƒํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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