Prices rise across the world: BBC News Review

233,163 views ใƒป 2022-06-22

BBC Learning English


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ. ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืžืชื•ืจื’ืžื•ืช ืžืชื•ืจื’ืžื•ืช ื‘ืžื›ื•ื ื”.

00:01
Prices are rising around the world.
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ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืขื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื.
00:04
Now, interest rates are going up to deal with the crisis.
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ื›ืขืช, ื”ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ื”ืžืฉื‘ืจ.
00:07
This is News Review from BBC Learning English.
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืกืงื™ืจืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœ BBC Learning English.
00:10
I'm Neil. And I'm Beth.
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ืื ื™ ื ื™ืœ. ื•ืื ื™ ื‘ืช'.
00:12
And we'll be looking at the vocabulary being used to talk
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ืื•ืฆืจ ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ื”ืžืฉืžืฉ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื“ื‘ืจ
00:15
about the global economy.
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ืขืœ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช.
00:17
Remember, there's a quiz on a website about the vocabulary in this programme.
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ื–ื›ื•ืจ, ื™ืฉ ื—ื™ื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืืชืจ ืขืœ ืื•ืฆืจ ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื–ื•.
00:22
But now some more on that story.
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ืื‘ืœ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืขื•ื“ ืงืฆืช ืขืœ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื–ื”.
00:25
Food and energy prices are rising across the world,
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ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ืขื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื,
00:30
meaning millions now face tough choices in their daily lives.
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ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ื ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื›ืขืช ื‘ืคื ื™ ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ืงืฉื•ืช ื‘ื—ื™ื™ ื”ื™ื•ืžื™ื•ื ืฉืœื”ื.
00:34
Economists blame a combination of Covid, the war in Ukraine, and poor harvests.
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ื›ืœื›ืœื ื™ื ืžืืฉื™ืžื™ื ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ืงื•ื‘ื™ื“, ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื‘ืื•ืงืจืื™ื ื” ื•ื™ื‘ื•ืœ ื’ืจื•ืข.
00:42
Now, central banks are putting up interest rates
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ื›ืขืช, ื”ื‘ื ืงื™ื ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื™ื ืžืขืœื™ื ืจื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช
00:45
to try to control the crisis.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื ืกื•ืช ืœืฉืœื•ื˜ ื‘ืžืฉื‘ืจ.
00:49
You've been looking at the headlines.
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ื”ืกืชื›ืœืช ืขืœ ื”ื›ื•ืชืจื•ืช.
00:50
What's the vocabulary?
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ืžื” ืื•ืฆืจ ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื?
00:52
We have 'the spectre of something', 'into the mire' and 'tightrope'.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• 'ืจื•ื— ืจื•ื— ืฉืœ ืžืฉื”ื•', 'ืœืชื•ืš ื”ื‘ื•ืฅ' ื•'ื—ื‘ืœ ื“ืง'.
00:59
This is News Review from BBC Learning English.
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืกืงื™ืจืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœ BBC Learning English.
01:07
Let's have a look at our first headline.
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ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืœื ื•.
01:10
This one comes from The Guardian:
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ื–ื” ืžื’ื™ืข ืžื”ื’ืจื“ื™ืืŸ:
01:17
Now, the expression that we're looking at
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžืกืชื›ืœื™ื ืขืœื™ื•
01:19
is 'the spectre of something'. A spectre is a ghost, isn't it?
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ื”ื•ื 'ื”ืจื•ื— ืฉืœ ืžืฉื”ื•'. ืจื•ื— ืจืคืื™ื ื”ื™ื ืจื•ื— ืจืคืื™ื, ืœื?
01:24
Yeah, that's absolutely right.
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ื›ืŸ, ื–ื” ืœื’ืžืจื™ ื ื›ื•ืŸ.
01:25
And you're probably wondering, Neil:
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ื•ืืชื” ื‘ื˜ื— ืชื•ื”ื”, ื ื™ืœ:
01:27
Why are we talking about ghosts?
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ืœืžื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืจื•ื—ื•ืช ืจืคืื™ื?
01:28
Yeah. I am
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ื›ึผึตืŸ. ืื ื™ ื”ืื
01:30
Is it because a ghost is a scary thing?
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ื–ื” ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืจื•ื— ืจืคืื™ื ื”ื™ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืคื—ื™ื“?
01:33
Well, yes it is. 'The spectre of something' is the possibility
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื›ืŸ. 'ื”ืจื•ื— ืฉืœ ืžืฉื”ื•' ื”ื•ื ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช
01:39
of something bad happening.
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ืฉืžืฉื”ื• ืจืข ื™ืงืจื”.
01:41
So, in this case,
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ืื–, ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื”ื–ื”,
01:43
it's a possible recession.
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ื–ื” ืžื™ืชื•ืŸ ืืคืฉืจื™.
01:44
So, for example, we could talk about the spectre of climate change
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ืื–, ืœืžืฉืœ, ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืจื•ื— ื”ืจืคืื™ื ืฉืœ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ ื”ืืงืœื™ื
01:49
or the spectre of nuclear war.
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ืื• ืขืœ ืจื•ื— ื”ืจืคืื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืœื—ืžื” ื’ืจืขื™ื ื™ืช.
01:51
These are really serious things,
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ืืœื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืจืฆื™ื ื™ื™ื ื‘ืืžืช,
01:53
but could we use this for more light hearted situations?
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืื ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื–ื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžืฆื‘ื™ื ืงืœื™ืœื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ?
01:58
For example, the spectre of my dentist appointment next week.
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ืœืžืฉืœ, ืจื•ื— ื”ืจืคืื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืจ ืฉืœื™ ืœืจื•ืคื ื”ืฉื™ื ื™ื™ื ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื”ื‘ื.
02:02
No, not really.
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ืœื ืœื ืžืžืฉ.
02:04
We use this expression for unpleasant things that may happen in the future
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื”ื–ื” ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืœื ื ืขื™ืžื™ื ืฉืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœืงืจื•ืช ื‘ืขืชื™ื“
02:10
and will probably happen to a lot of people. And, by the way,
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ื•ื›ื ืจืื” ื™ืงืจื• ืœื”ืจื‘ื” ืื ืฉื™ื. ื•ื“ืจืš ืื’ื‘,
02:13
there's a spelling difference.
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ื™ืฉ ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ืื™ื•ืช.
02:15
So, 'spectre' in British English ends in
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ืื–, 'ืกืคืงื˜ืจ' ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื™ืช ืžืกืชื™ื™ื ื‘-
02:19
're', but in the US it finishes with 'er'.
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're', ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘ ื–ื” ืžืกืชื™ื™ื ื‘-'er'.
02:22
ย  OK, let's have a look at that again.
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ, ื‘ื•ื ื ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื–ื” ืฉื•ื‘.
02:33
Time now for our next headline.
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ื”ื’ื™ืข ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืœื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ื‘ืื” ืฉืœื ื•.
02:35
This one comes from City A.M.
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ื–ื” ืžื’ื™ืข ืžืกื™ื˜ื™ ื.ืž.
02:44
The expression here is 'into the mire'. And the mire is an area of muddy,
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ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื›ืืŸ ื”ื•ื 'ืœืชื•ืš ื”ื‘ื•ืฅ'. ื•ื”ื‘ื•ืฅ ื”ื•ื ืื–ื•ืจ ืฉืœ
02:50
dirty, swampy ground - difficult to move through.
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ืื“ืžื” ื‘ื•ืฆื™ืช, ืžืœื•ื›ืœื›ืช ื•ื‘ื™ืฆืชื™ืช - ืงืฉื” ืœื ื•ืข ื“ืจื›ื•.
02:55
You can get stuck. Yeah. That's right.
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ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ืชืงืข. ื›ึผึตืŸ. ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ.
02:57
But in this case,
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื”ื–ื”,
02:58
and in this headline,
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ื•ื‘ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ื–ื•,
02:59
we are not talking about a physical place,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืžืงื•ื ืคื™ื–ื™,
03:02
but we're talking about a tricky or difficult situation.
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ืืœื ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืžืฆื‘ ืžืกื•ื‘ืš ืื• ืงืฉื”.
03:05
So if the global markets are in the mire,
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ืื– ืื ื”ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ื™ื ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ื‘ื•ืฅ,
03:08
it means they're in a bad situation.
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ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ื ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื’ืจื•ืข. ื”ืื
03:12
Can we talk about people, though,
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ืื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืื ืฉื™ื, ืื ื›ื™
03:13
using this expression 'into the mire' or 'mired in something'?
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ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื”ื–ื” 'ืœืชื•ืš ื”ื‘ื•ืฅ' ืื• 'ืฉืงื•ืข ื‘ืžืฉื”ื•'?
03:17
Yes, we can and we do very often hear this with politicians.
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ื›ืŸ, ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื ืืช ื–ื” ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืžืื•ื“ ืขื ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืงืื™ื.
03:22
So if there is some kind of political scandal,
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ืื– ืื ื™ืฉ ืื™ื–ื•ืฉื”ื™ ืฉืขืจื•ืจื™ื™ื” ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืช,
03:25
we can say that the politician is mired in scandal, and there is an element
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืงืื™ ืฉืงื•ืข ื‘ืฉืขืจื•ืจื™ื™ื”, ื•ื™ืฉ ืืœืžื ื˜
03:31
of them doing something bad or they've done something unpleasant.
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ืฉื”ื•ื ืขื•ืฉื” ืžืฉื”ื• ืจืข ืื• ืฉื”ื ืขืฉื• ืžืฉื”ื• ืœื ื ืขื™ื.
03:35
OK. Let's take a look at that again.
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ. ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื–ื” ืฉื•ื‘.
03:45
Now for our next headline, please.
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ื‘ืื” ืฉืœื ื•, ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื”.
03:47
This one comes from The Indian Express.
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ื–ื” ืžื’ื™ืข ืžื”ืื™ื ื“ื™ืืŸ ืืงืกืคืจืก.
03:54
'Tightrope'. Beth,
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'ื—ึถื‘ึถืœ ืžึธืชื•ึผื—ึท'. ื‘ืช',
03:55
have you ever been to the circus?
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ื”ื™ื™ืช ืคืขื ื‘ืงืจืงืก?
03:58
Oh, I have when I was a child,
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ืื”, ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ื›ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื™ืœื“,
04:00
but I really didn't like the clowns. What's wrong with the clowns?
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ืื‘ืœ ืžืžืฉ ืœื ืื”ื‘ืชื™ ืืช ื”ืœื™ืฆื ื™ื. ืžื” ืจืข ืœืœื™ืฆื ื™ื?
04:04
Do you know what I really like,
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ืืชื” ื™ื•ื“ืข ืžื” ืื ื™ ื‘ืืžืช ืื•ื”ื‘,
04:05
though? It's that act where you walk along a rope.
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ืื‘ืœ? ื–ื” ื”ืžืขืฉื” ืฉื‘ื• ืืชื” ื”ื•ืœืš ืœืื•ืจืš ื—ื‘ืœ.
04:09
You could fall off.
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ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื™ืคื•ืœ.
04:10
There's danger on either side.
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ื™ืฉ ืกื›ื ื” ืžืฉื ื™ ื”ืฆื“ื“ื™ื.
04:12
Now that is called a tightrope. And in the headline,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื–ื” ื ืงืจื ื—ื‘ืœ ื“ืง. ื•ื‘ื›ื•ืชืจืช
04:16
we saw 'tightrope' used to talk about a situation
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ืจืื™ื ื• ืฉ'ื—ื‘ืœ ื“ืง' ื ื•ื”ื’ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืžืฆื‘
04:19
where even a little mistake can lead to disaster.
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ืฉื‘ื• ืืคื™ืœื• ื˜ืขื•ืช ืงื˜ื ื” ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืœืืกื•ืŸ.
04:23
So, what the headline writer is saying is
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ืื– ืžื” ืฉื›ื•ืชื‘ ื”ื›ื•ืชืจื•ืช ืื•ืžืจ ื”ื•ื
04:25
that dealing with inflation can be very difficult to do successfully.
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ืฉื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืขื ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืงืฉื” ืžืื•ื“ ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืžื•ืฆืœื—.
04:30
There is risk. There is danger.
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ื™ืฉ ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ. ื™ืฉ ืกื›ื ื”.
04:33
There is also a longer version of this expression 'to walk a tightrope'.
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ื™ืฉ ื’ื ื’ืจืกื” ืืจื•ื›ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื”ื–ื” 'ืœืœื›ืช ืขืœ ื—ื‘ืœ ื“ืง'.
04:37
That's right.
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ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ.
04:38
And 'to walk a tightrope' is to deal with a very difficult situation.
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ื•'ืœืœื›ืช ืขืœ ื—ื‘ืœ ื“ืง' ื–ื” ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ืžืฆื‘ ืžืื•ื“ ืงืฉื”.
04:43
So, imagine that you're planning a wedding.
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ืื–, ื“ืžื™ื™ื ื• ืฉืืชื ืžืชื›ื ื ื™ื ื—ืชื•ื ื”.
04:45
You've got to think about who you're going to invite, and also how much money
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ืืชื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืžื™ ืืชื” ื”ื•ืœืš ืœื”ื–ืžื™ืŸ, ื•ื’ื ื›ืžื” ื›ืกืฃ
04:50
do you have? Yeah.
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ื™ืฉ ืœืš? ื›ึผึตืŸ.
04:51
And who are you gonna leave off that guest list?
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ื•ืืช ืžื™ ืชืขื–ื•ื‘ ืืช ืจืฉื™ืžืช ื”ืื•ืจื—ื™ื?
04:54
OK, let's have a look at that again.
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ, ื‘ื•ื ื ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื–ื” ืฉื•ื‘.
05:04
We have had 'the spectre
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ื”ื™ื” ืœื ื• 'ืจื•ื— ืจื•ื—
05:06
of something' - a bad thing
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ืฉืœ ืžืฉื”ื•' - ื“ื‘ืจ ืจืข
05:07
that is coming your way. 'Into the mire' -
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ืฉืขื•ืžื“ ืœืงืจืืชืš. 'ืœืชื•ืš ื”ื‘ื•ืฅ' -
05:10
in a bad, difficult, perhaps scandalous situation.
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ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืจืข, ืงืฉื”, ืื•ืœื™ ืฉืขืจื•ืจื™ื™ืชื™.
05:15
And a 'tightrope' - a small mistake and everything could go wrong.
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ื•'ื—ื‘ืœ ื“ืง' - ื˜ืขื•ืช ืงื˜ื ื” ื•ื”ื›ืœ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืฉืชื‘ืฉ.
05:18
So' don't get stuck in the mire with your English. Head over
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ืื– ืืœ ืชืชืงืข ื‘ื‘ื•ืฅ ืขื ื”ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืฉืœืš. ืขื‘ืจื•
05:22
to our website or app where you can practise all of the vocabulary
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ืœืืชืจ ืื• ืœืืคืœื™ืงืฆื™ื” ืฉืœื ื•, ืฉื ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืชืจื’ืœ ืืช ื›ืœ ืื•ืฆืจ ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื
05:27
from this programme with a quiz.
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ืžืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื–ื• ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื—ื™ื“ื•ืŸ.
05:28
And there's more examples there as well.
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ื•ื™ืฉ ืฉื ืขื•ื“ ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช .
05:31
Thank you for joining us, and goodbye. Bye.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืฉื”ืฆื˜ืจืคืช ืืœื™ื ื•, ื•ืœื”ืชืจืื•ืช. ื‘ื™ื™.
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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