Plastic-eating worms: BBC News Review

97,405 views ใƒป 2022-12-21

BBC Learning English


ูŠุฑุฌู‰ ุงู„ู†ู‚ุฑ ู†ู‚ุฑู‹ุง ู…ุฒุฏูˆุฌู‹ุง ููˆู‚ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุฃุฏู†ุงู‡ ู„ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ. ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุชุฑุฌู…ุฉ ุชุชู… ุชุฑุฌู…ุชู‡ุง ุขู„ูŠู‹ุง.

00:00
Could plastic eating worms help the world's pollution crisis?
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ู‡ู„ ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู† ุชุณุงุนุฏ ุงู„ุฏูŠุฏุงู† ุงู„ุขูƒู„ุฉ ู„ู„ุจู„ุงุณุชูŠูƒ ููŠ ุฃุฒู…ุฉ ุงู„ุชู„ูˆุซ ููŠ ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…ุŸ
00:05
This is News Review from BBC Learning English.
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ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ุฑุงุฌุนุฉ ุงู„ุฃุฎุจุงุฑ ู…ู† BBC Learning English.
00:08
I'm Neil. And I'm Beth.
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ุฃู†ุง ู†ูŠู„. ูˆุฃู†ุง ุจูŠุซ.
00:10
Make sure you watch to the end to learn vocabulary to talk about this story.
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ุชุฃูƒุฏ ู…ู† ุฃู†ูƒ ุชุดุงู‡ุฏ ุญุชู‰ ุงู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ู„ุชุชุนู„ู… ู…ูุฑุฏุงุช ุชุชุญุฏุซ ุนู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู‚ุตุฉ.
00:15
Don't forget to subscribe to our channel, like this video,
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ู„ุง ุชู†ุณ ุงู„ุงุดุชุฑุงูƒ ููŠ ู‚ู†ุงุชู†ุง ุŒ ู…ุซู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ ุŒ
00:18
and try the quiz on our website.
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ูˆุฌุฑุจ ุงู„ุงุฎุชุจุงุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ูˆู‚ุนู†ุง.
00:21
Now it's time for the story
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ุญุงู† ุงู„ูˆู‚ุช ุงู„ุขู† ู„ู„ู‚ุตุฉ
00:24
Getting rid of plastic with worm spit.
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ุงู„ุชุฎู„ุต ู…ู† ุงู„ุจู„ุงุณุชูŠูƒ ุจุจุตุงู‚ ุงู„ุฏูˆุฏุฉ.
00:28
Spanish scientists have discovered something in wax worms saliva
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ุงูƒุชุดู ุนู„ู…ุงุก ุฅุณุจุงู† ุดูŠุฆู‹ุง ููŠ ู„ุนุงุจ ุฏูŠุฏุงู† ุงู„ุดู…ุน
00:33
which helps them eat plastic.
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ูŠุณุงุนุฏู‡ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุฃูƒู„ ุงู„ุจู„ุงุณุชูŠูƒ.
00:36
It's hoped the breakthrough will be an effective and natural way
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ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุฃู…ูˆู„ ุฃู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ุงุฎุชุฑุงู‚ ูˆุณูŠู„ุฉ ูุนุงู„ุฉ ูˆุทุจูŠุนูŠุฉ
00:40
of reducing plastic pollution.
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ู„ู„ุญุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ุชู„ูˆุซ ุงู„ุจู„ุงุณุชูŠูƒูŠ.
00:43
One researcher suggests, in the future,
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ูŠู‚ุชุฑุญ ุฃุญุฏ ุงู„ุจุงุญุซูŠู† ุŒ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุณุชู‚ุจู„ ุŒ ุฃู†ู‡
00:46
plastic-eating worm kits could be used in the home.
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ูŠู…ูƒู† ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุงุช ุงู„ุฏูŠุฏุงู† ุงู„ุขูƒู„ุฉ ู„ู„ุจู„ุงุณุชูŠูƒ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ู†ุฒู„.
00:52
You've been looking at the headlines,
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ูƒู†ุช ุชู†ุธุฑ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุนู†ุงูˆูŠู† ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠุฉ ุŒ
00:54
Beth, what's the vocabulary?
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ุจูŠุซ ุŒ ู…ุง ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู…ูุฑุฏุงุชุŸ
00:55
We have 'gobbling', 'lowly' and 'humble'.
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ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง "ุงู„ุชู‡ุงู…" ูˆ "ู…ุชูˆุงุถุน" ูˆ "ู…ุชูˆุงุถุน".
01:01
This is News Review from BBC Learning English.
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ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ุฑุงุฌุนุฉ ุงู„ุฃุฎุจุงุฑ ู…ู† BBC Learning English.
01:11
Let's have a look at our first headline.
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ุฏุนูˆู†ุง ู†ู„ู‚ูŠ ู†ุธุฑุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุนู†ูˆุงู†ู†ุง ุงู„ุฃูˆู„.
01:13
This one is from France Twenty Four.
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ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ู† France Twenty Four.
01:23
And so the headline is saying
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ูˆู„ุฐุง ูุฅู† ุงู„ุนู†ูˆุงู† ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ุฅู†
01:25
something useful has been found in the spit of a certain kind of worm,
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ุดูŠุฆู‹ุง ู…ููŠุฏู‹ุง ุชู… ุงู„ุนุซูˆุฑ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ููŠ ุจุตุงู‚ ู†ูˆุน ู…ุนูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ุฏูˆุฏุฉ ุŒ
01:30
and it's the enzyme in the spit.
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ูˆู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฒูŠู… ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ุจุตุงู‚.
01:33
Enzymes are things that help chemical processes happen more quickly -
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ุงู„ุฅู†ุฒูŠู…ุงุช ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุฃุดูŠุงุก ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชุณุงุนุฏ ููŠ ุญุฏูˆุซ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุงุช ุงู„ูƒูŠู…ูŠุงุฆูŠุฉ ุจุณุฑุนุฉ ุฃูƒุจุฑ -
01:39
in this case, destroying plastic.
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ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ุŒ ุชุฏู…ูŠุฑ ุงู„ุจู„ุงุณุชูŠูƒ.
01:42
But the word that we're interested in is 'gobbling'.
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ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ู†ู‡ุชู… ุจู‡ุง ู‡ูŠ "ุงู„ุชู‡ุงู…".
01:45
And 'gobbling' is the word connected to the noise
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ูˆ "ุงู„ุชู‡ุงู…" ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฑุชุจุทุฉ ุจุงู„ุถูˆุถุงุก ุงู„ุชูŠ
01:50
a turkey makes.
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ูŠุตุฏุฑู‡ุง ุงู„ุฏูŠูƒ ุงู„ุฑูˆู…ูŠ.
01:51
Yes, you're right.
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ู†ุนู… ุงู†ุช ุนู„ู‰ ุญู‚.
01:52
So, when a turkey gets its food,
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุŒ ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ูŠุญุตู„ ุงู„ุฏูŠูƒ ุงู„ุฑูˆู…ูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุทุนุงู…ู‡ ุŒ
01:54
it eats very quickly and loudly and we say this is 'gobble'.
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ูุฅู†ู‡ ูŠุฃูƒู„ ุจุณุฑุนุฉ ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ูˆุจุตูˆุช ุนุงู„ู ูˆู†ู‚ูˆู„ ุฅู† ู‡ุฐุง "ูŠู„ุชู‡ู…". ูˆู‚ุฏ ุญูˆู„
01:59
And the headline writer has turned this into an adjective,
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ูƒุงุชุจ ุงู„ุนู†ูˆุงู† ู‡ุฐุง ุฅู„ู‰ ุตูุฉ ุŒ
02:02
just like the noise 'gobble, gobble'.
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ุชู…ุงู…ู‹ุง ู…ุซู„ ุงู„ุถูˆุถุงุก "ุชู„ุชู‡ู… ุŒ ุชู„ุชู‡ู…".
02:04
And we've got a new word - 'plastic gobbling'.
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ูˆู„ุฏูŠู†ุง ูƒู„ู…ุฉ ุฌุฏูŠุฏุฉ - "ุงู„ุชู‡ุงู… ุงู„ุจู„ุงุณุชูŠูƒ". ูƒู„ู…ุฉ
02:07
'Gobble' is a funny word in English
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"Gobble" ู‡ูŠ ูƒู„ู…ุฉ ู…ุถุญูƒุฉ ุจุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ
02:10
because it sounds like the thing
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ู„ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุชุจุฏูˆ ูˆูƒุฃู†ู‡ุง ุงู„ุดูŠุก ุงู„ุฐูŠ
02:13
it is describing.
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ุชุตูู‡.
02:14
And, we have a lot of words like that. For example,
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ูˆู„ุฏูŠู†ุง ุงู„ูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุงุช ู…ู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู‚ุจูŠู„. ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ุŒ
02:20
what noise does a cat make?
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ู…ุง ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุถูˆุถุงุก ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชุตุฏุฑู‡ุง ู‚ุทุฉุŸ
02:22
Miaow. So, the noise is like that.
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ู…ูˆุงุก ุงู„ู‚ุทุฉ. ู„ุฐุง ุŒ ูุฅู† ุงู„ุถูˆุถุงุก ู…ู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู‚ุจูŠู„.
02:26
And the word to describe that is 'miaow'.
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ูˆุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฑุงุฏ ูˆุตูู‡ุง ู‡ูŠ "ู…ูˆุงุก".
02:30
What about chickens? Cluck, cluck.
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ู…ุงุฐุง ุนู† ุงู„ุฏุฌุงุฌุŸ ู‚ุฑู‚ุฑุฉ ุŒ ู‚ุฑู‚ุฑุฉ.
02:32
The chickens make a cluck cluck noise and the word
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ูŠูุตุฏุฑ ุงู„ุฏุฌุงุฌ ุตูˆุช ู‚ุฑู‚ุฑุฉ ูˆุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ
02:36
we write down and say is 'cluck'.
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ู†ูƒุชุจู‡ุง ูˆู†ู‚ูˆู„ู‡ุง ู‡ูŠ "ู‚ุฑู‚ุฑุฉ".
02:39
So, the headline makes you imagine a worm noisely eating plastic.
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ู„ุฐุง ุŒ ูุฅู† ุงู„ุนู†ูˆุงู† ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠ ูŠุฌุนู„ูƒ ุชุชุฎูŠู„ ุฏูˆุฏุฉ ุชุฃูƒู„ ุงู„ุจู„ุงุณุชูŠูƒ ุจุตุฎุจ.
02:44
Just like a turkey gobbling it.
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ุชู…ุงู…ุง ู…ุซู„ ุงู„ุฏูŠูƒ ุงู„ุฑูˆู…ูŠ ูŠู„ุชู‡ู…ู‡ุง.
02:47
Now, of course, this is an exaggeration,
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ุงู„ุขู† ุŒ ุจุงู„ุทุจุน ุŒ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ุจุงู„ุบุฉ ุŒ
02:49
but it's quite entertaining and it gives you a strong mental image.
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ู„ูƒู†ู‡ุง ู…ุณู„ูŠุฉ ู„ู„ุบุงูŠุฉ ูˆุชุนุทูŠูƒ ุตูˆุฑุฉ ุฐู‡ู†ูŠุฉ ู‚ูˆูŠุฉ.
02:53
Yeah. Can you give us some examples of other words connected to eating
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ู†ุนู…. ู‡ู„ ูŠู…ูƒู†ูƒ ุฃู† ุชุนุทูŠู†ุง ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุฃู…ุซู„ุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุงุช ุงู„ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ุงู„ู…ุชุนู„ู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ุฃูƒู„
02:57
and the noise involved?
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ูˆุงู„ุถูˆุถุงุก ุงู„ุชูŠ ูŠู†ุทูˆูŠ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุงุŸ
02:59
Yes, so we have 'gulp'. OK, so that is 'gulp'.
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ู†ุนู… ุŒ ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง "ุจู„ุน". ุญุณู†ู‹ุง ุŒ ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ "ุงู„ุจู„ุน".
03:04
And that is about eating food and drinking quickly and loudly.
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ูˆู‡ุฐุง ูŠุชุนู„ู‚ ุจุชู†ุงูˆู„ ุงู„ุทุนุงู… ูˆุงู„ุดุฑุจ ุจุณุฑุนุฉ ูˆุจุตูˆุช ุนุงู„ู.
03:09
And we also have 'guzzle'.
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ูˆู„ุฏูŠู†ุง ุฃูŠุถู‹ุง "ุฃุณุฑู ููŠ ุงู„ุดุฑุจ".
03:10
But that's only really used for drink.
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ู„ูƒู† ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุณุชุฎุฏู… ูู‚ุท ู„ู„ุดุฑุจ.
03:12
Yeah. And we have a word not connected to sound
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ู†ุนู…. ูˆู„ุฏูŠู†ุง ูƒู„ู…ุฉ ุบูŠุฑ ู…ุฑุชุจุทุฉ ุจุงู„ุตูˆุช
03:16
but it's got an animal in it, 'to wolf something down',
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ูˆู„ูƒู†ู‡ุง ุชุญุชูˆูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุญูŠูˆุงู† ุจุฏุงุฎู„ู‡ุง ุŒ "ุฐุฆุจ ุดูŠุก ู…ุง" ุŒ
03:20
means to eat it really quickly.
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ุชุนู†ูŠ ุฃูƒู„ู‡ ุจุณุฑุนุฉ ุญู‚ู‹ุง.
03:23
Let's take a look at that one more time.
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ุฏุนูˆู†ุง ู†ู„ู‚ูŠ ู†ุธุฑุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุฐู„ูƒ ู…ุฑุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู‰.
03:32
Let's take a look at our next headline.
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ุฏุนู†ุง ู†ู„ู‚ูŠ ู†ุธุฑุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุนู†ูˆุงู†ู†ุง ุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ.
03:34
This one is from Reuters:
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ู‡ุฐุง ู…ู† ุฑูˆูŠุชุฑุฒ:
03:43
The headline is saying that the saliva -
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ุงู„ุนู†ูˆุงู† ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ุฃู† ุงู„ู„ุนุงุจ -
03:46
that's the spit -
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ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู„ุนุงุจ -
03:47
another word for 'spit' - of this certain kind of worm
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ูƒู„ู…ุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ู„ู€ "ุงู„ุจุตู‚" - ู…ู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ู…ุนูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ุฏูˆุฏุฉ
03:51
might boost - that means help - the attempt to reduce plastic. But the word
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ู‚ุฏ ูŠุนุฒุฒ - ูˆู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุณุงุนุฏุฉ - ู…ุญุงูˆู„ุฉ ุชู‚ู„ูŠู„ ุงู„ุจู„ุงุณุชูŠูƒ. ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ
03:58
we're looking at is 'lowly'.
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ู†ู†ุธุฑ ุฅู„ูŠู‡ุง ู‡ูŠ "ู…ุชูˆุงุถุน".
04:00
What can you tell us about lowly?
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ู…ุงุฐุง ูŠู…ูƒู†ูƒ ุฃู† ุชุฎุจุฑู†ุง ุนู† ุงู„ู…ุชูˆุงุถุนุŸ
04:02
Well, there's a clue in this word 'lowly' - low.
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ุญุณู†ู‹ุง ุŒ ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุฏู„ูŠู„ ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุฉ "ู…ุชูˆุงุถุน" - ู…ู†ุฎูุถ.
04:06
It means 'low in position or importance'.
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ูŠุนู†ูŠ "ู…ู†ุฎูุถ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูˆู‚ู ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุฃู‡ู…ูŠุฉ".
04:09
So, for example, Neil,
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุŒ ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ุŒ ู†ูŠู„ ุŒ
04:11
when I started in my career,
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ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ุจุฏุฃุช ู…ุณูŠุฑุชูŠ ุงู„ู…ู‡ู†ูŠุฉ ุŒ
04:13
I wasn't presenting News Review for the BBC,
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ู„ู… ุฃูƒู† ุฃู‚ุฏู… News Review ู„ุจูŠ ุจูŠ ุณูŠ ุŒ
04:15
I was in a lowly position.
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ูƒู†ุช ููŠ ูˆุถุน ู…ุชูˆุงุถุน.
04:17
OK, so you mean that you feel that the job
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ุญุณู†ู‹ุง ุŒ ุฃู†ุช ุชุนู†ูŠ ุฃู†ูƒ ุชุดุนุฑ ุฃู† ุงู„ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ
04:21
you were doing wasn't as important as the one
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ูƒู†ุช ุชู‚ูˆู… ุจู‡ุง ู„ู… ุชูƒู† ู…ู‡ู…ุฉ ู…ุซู„ ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ุชูŠ
04:23
you're doing now. It was lower. Exactly.
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ุชู‚ูˆู… ุจู‡ุง ุงู„ุขู†. ูƒุงู† ุฃู‚ู„. ุจุงู„ุถุจุท.
04:26
OK. Now we have heard that this worm is actually really important -
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ู†ุนู…. ุงู„ุขู† ุณู…ุนู†ุง ุฃู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฏูˆุฏุฉ ู…ู‡ู…ุฉ ุญู‚ู‹ุง -
04:32
it's eating plastic.
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ุฅู†ู‡ุง ุชุฃูƒู„ ุงู„ุจู„ุงุณุชูŠูƒ.
04:34
So, why are we calling it 'lowly'?
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ูู„ู…ุงุฐุง ู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง "ู…ุชูˆุงุถุนุฉ"ุŸ
04:37
Well, wax worms aren't really high up in the animal kingdom. They're a little bit dirty.
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ุญุณู†ู‹ุง ุŒ ุงู„ุฏูŠุฏุงู† ุงู„ุดู…ุนูŠุฉ ู„ูŠุณุช ุนุงู„ูŠุฉ ุญู‚ู‹ุง ููŠ ุงู„ู…ู…ู„ูƒุฉ ุงู„ุญูŠูˆุงู†ูŠุฉ. ุฅู†ู‡ุง ู‚ุฐุฑุฉ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุดูŠุก.
04:42
Most people think of them as pests and they don't really like them.
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ูŠุนุชู‚ุฏ ู…ุนุธู… ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุขูุงุช ูˆู„ุง ูŠุญุจูˆู†ู‡ุง ุญู‚ู‹ุง.
04:46
And so the headline writer uses the word 'lowly'
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ูˆู„ุฐุง ูŠุณุชุฎุฏู… ูƒุงุชุจ ุงู„ุนู†ูˆุงู† ูƒู„ู…ุฉ "ู…ุชูˆุงุถุน"
04:50
because even though this worm doesn't seem that important,
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ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฑุบู… ู…ู† ุฃู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฏูˆุฏุฉ ู„ุง ุชุจุฏูˆ ู…ู‡ู…ุฉ ุŒ ุฅู„ุง
04:53
it's actually doing a really important job.
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ุฃู†ู‡ุง ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุงู‚ุน ุชู‚ูˆู… ุจุนู…ู„ ู…ู‡ู… ุญู‚ู‹ุง.
04:58
Now, do we use this word much in our everyday English?
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ุงู„ุขู† ุŒ ู‡ู„ ู†ุณุชุฎุฏู… ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุฉ ูƒุซูŠุฑู‹ุง ููŠ ู„ุบุชู†ุง ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุงู„ูŠูˆู…ูŠุฉุŸ
05:01
Well, yeah.
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ุญุณู†ุง ู‡ุฐุง ุตุญูŠุญ.
05:02
When we use it, it's always in a humorous way. We're kind of saying
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ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ู†ุณุชุฎุฏู…ู‡ ุŒ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุฐู„ูƒ ุฏุงุฆู…ู‹ุง ุจุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ููƒุงู‡ูŠุฉ. ู†ุญู† ู†ูˆุนู‹ุง ู…ุง ู†ู‚ูˆู„
05:05
the thing we're doing, isn't very important.
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ุฃู† ุงู„ุดูŠุก ุงู„ุฐูŠ ู†ูุนู„ู‡ ู„ูŠุณ ู…ู‡ู…ู‹ุง ุฌุฏู‹ุง.
05:08
Like, I used to be a lowly tea maker in the office.
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ู…ุซู„ ุŒ ุงุนุชุฏุช ุฃู† ุฃูƒูˆู† ุตุงู†ุน ุดุงูŠ ู…ุชูˆุงุถุน ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูƒุชุจ.
05:13
Well, you call yourself lowly,
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ุญุณู†ู‹ุง ุŒ ุฃู†ุช ุชุทู„ู‚ ุนู„ู‰ ู†ูุณูƒ ุงุณู… ู…ุชูˆุงุถุน ุŒ
05:16
but just like the worm,
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ูˆู„ูƒู† ุชู…ุงู…ู‹ุง ู…ุซู„ ุงู„ุฏูˆุฏุฉ ุŒ
05:18
you're performing a really important task.
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ูุฃู†ุช ุชุคุฏูŠ ู…ู‡ู…ุฉ ู…ู‡ู…ุฉ ุญู‚ู‹ุง.
05:20
Everybody loves tea.
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ุงู„ุฌู…ูŠุน ูŠุญุจ ุงู„ุดุงูŠ.
05:21
It may not be the most glamorous job in the world,
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ู‚ุฏ ู„ุง ุชูƒูˆู† ุงู„ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ุงู„ุฃูƒุซุฑ ุฑูˆุนุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุนุงู„ู… ุŒ
05:24
but it is very important. OK, let's look at that again.
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ู„ูƒู†ู‡ุง ู…ู‡ู…ุฉ ู„ู„ุบุงูŠุฉ. ุญุณู†ู‹ุง ุŒ ู„ู†ู„ู‚ ู†ุธุฑุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุฐู„ูƒ ู…ุฑุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู‰.
05:35
Let's take a look at our next headline.
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ุฏุนู†ุง ู†ู„ู‚ูŠ ู†ุธุฑุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุนู†ูˆุงู†ู†ุง ุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ .
05:37
This one is from the BBC.
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ู‡ุฐุง ู…ู† ุจูŠ ุจูŠ ุณูŠ.
05:45
And so the headline is saying the saliva of this type of worm,
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ูˆู‡ูƒุฐุง ูุฅู† ุงู„ุนู†ูˆุงู† ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ุฅู† ู„ุนุงุจ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู†ูˆุน ู…ู† ุงู„ุฏูˆุฏุฉ ุŒ ุฏูˆุฏุฉ
05:49
this wax worm, can break down, which means 'destroy' certain types
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ุงู„ุดู…ุน ู‡ุฐู‡ ุŒ ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู† ุชุชุญู„ู„ ุŒ ู…ู…ุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ "ุชุฏู…ูŠุฑ" ุฃู†ูˆุงุน
05:55
certain types of plastic.
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ู…ุนูŠู†ุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุจู„ุงุณุชูŠูƒ.
05:57
Tough plastics - ones that are difficult to break down -
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ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุฏ ุงู„ุจู„ุงุณุชูŠูƒูŠุฉ ุงู„ุตู„ุจุฉ - ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ุชูŠ ูŠุตุนุจ ุชูƒุณูŠุฑู‡ุง -
06:00
difficult to destroy.
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ูŠุตุนุจ ุฅุชู„ุงูู‡ุง.
06:03
We have another adjective that we're looking at the which is 'humble'.
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ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง ุตูุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ู†ู†ุธุฑ ุฅู„ูŠู‡ุง ูˆู‡ูŠ "ุงู„ุชูˆุงุถุน".
06:06
What can you tell us about humble?
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ู…ุงุฐุง ูŠู…ูƒู†ูƒ ุฃู† ุชุฎุจุฑู†ุง ุนู† ุงู„ุชูˆุงุถุนุŸ
06:08
So, 'humble' can have the same meaning as 'lowly', meaning 'ordinary' or 'not important',
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุŒ ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ู„ูƒู„ู…ุฉ "ู…ุชูˆุงุถุน" ู†ูุณ ู…ุนู†ู‰ " ู…ุชูˆุงุถุน" ุŒ ุจู…ุนู†ู‰ "ุนุงุฏูŠ" ุฃูˆ "ุบูŠุฑ ู…ู‡ู…" ุŒ
06:14
but it has another meaning too.
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ู„ูƒู† ู„ู‡ุง ู…ุนู†ู‰ ุขุฎุฑ ุฃูŠุถู‹ุง.
06:16
So, it can describe a person who isn't proud,
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุŒ ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู† ูŠุตู ุดุฎุตู‹ุง ุบูŠุฑ ูุฎูˆุฑ ุŒ
06:20
doesn't believe that they're important,
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ูˆู„ุง ูŠุนุชู‚ุฏ ุฃู†ู‡ ู…ู‡ู… ุŒ
06:21
even if they are. So, imagine someone wins an award,
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ุญุชู‰ ู„ูˆ ูƒุงู† ูƒุฐู„ูƒ. ู„ุฐุง ุŒ ุชุฎูŠู„ ุฃู† ุดุฎุตู‹ุง ู…ุง ูŠููˆุฒ ุจุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ุŒ
06:26
they get on stage to give their speech and they say this isn't for me,
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ูˆุตุนุฏูˆุง ุนู„ู‰ ุฎุดุจุฉ ุงู„ู…ุณุฑุญ ู„ุฅู„ู‚ุงุก ุฎุทุงุจู‡ู… ูˆูŠู‚ูˆู„ูˆู† ุฅู† ู‡ุฐุง ู„ูŠุณ ู…ู†ุงุณุจู‹ุง ู„ูŠ ุŒ
06:29
it's for everyone else.
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ุจู„ ู„ูƒู„ ุดุฎุต ุขุฎุฑ.
06:30
Thank you everyone who helped me.
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ุดูƒุฑุง ู„ูƒู„ ู…ู† ุณุงุนุฏู†ูŠ
06:32
They are humble. What a humble person
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ุฅู†ู‡ู… ู…ุชูˆุงุถุนูˆู†. ูŠุง ู„ู‡ ู…ู† ุดุฎุต ู…ุชูˆุงุถุน
06:34
and it's a positive thing to say about someone, isn't it?
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ูˆู‡ูˆ ุฃู…ุฑ ุฅูŠุฌุงุจูŠ ุฃู† ุชู‚ูˆู„ู‡ ุนู† ุดุฎุต ู…ุง ุŒ ุฃู„ูŠุณ ูƒุฐู„ูƒุŸ
06:39
So, in this headline, using 'humble' about this worm is a positive thing.
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ู„ุฐุง ุŒ ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุนู†ูˆุงู† ุŒ ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ูƒู„ู…ุฉ "ู…ุชูˆุงุถุน" ุญูˆู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฏูˆุฏุฉ ู‡ูˆ ุฃู…ุฑ ุฅูŠุฌุงุจูŠ.
06:44
Exactly, because even though this worm maybe looks just like a worm,
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ุจุงู„ุถุจุท ุŒ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฑุบู… ู…ู† ุฃู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฏูˆุฏุฉ ุฑุจู…ุง ุชุดุจู‡ ุงู„ุฏูˆุฏุฉ ุชู…ุงู…ู‹ุง ุŒ ุฅู„ุง
06:48
it's really special and important -
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ุฃู†ู‡ุง ู…ู…ูŠุฒุฉ ูˆู…ู‡ู…ุฉ ุญู‚ู‹ุง -
06:50
it has plastic-eating abilities.
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ูู‡ูŠ ุชุชู…ุชุน ุจู‚ุฏุฑุงุช ุนู„ู‰ ุฃูƒู„ ุงู„ุจู„ุงุณุชูŠูƒ.
06:53
OK, let's look at that again.
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ุญุณู†ู‹ุง ุŒ ู„ู†ู„ู‚ ู†ุธุฑุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุฐู„ูƒ ู…ุฑุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู‰. ู„ู‚ุฏ ูƒุงู†
07:02
We've had 'gobbling' - eating quickly
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ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง "ุงู„ุชู‡ุงู…" - ู†ุฃูƒู„ ุจุณุฑุนุฉ
07:05
and loudly like a turkey.
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ูˆุจุตูˆุช ุนุงู„ ู…ุซู„ ุงู„ุฏูŠูƒ ุงู„ุฑูˆู…ูŠ.
07:06
'Lowly' - low in position and importance.
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"ู…ุชูˆุงุถุน" - ู…ู†ุฎูุถ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุฒ ูˆุงู„ุฃู‡ู…ูŠุฉ.
07:11
And 'humble' - not proud,
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ูˆ "ู…ุชูˆุงุถุน" - ู„ูŠุณ ูุฎูˆุฑู‹ุง ุŒ
07:13
but often important.
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ูˆู„ูƒู†ู‡ ู…ู‡ู… ููŠ ูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃุญูŠุงู†.
07:14
Don't forget there's a quiz on our website at bbcearningenglish.com
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ู„ุง ุชู†ุณ ุฃู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุงุฎุชุจุงุฑู‹ุง ู‚ุตูŠุฑู‹ุง ุนู„ู‰ ู…ูˆู‚ุนู†ุง ุงู„ุฅู„ูƒุชุฑูˆู†ูŠ bbcearningenglish.com
07:19
Thank you for joining us and goodbye. Bye.
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ุดูƒุฑู‹ุง ู„ุงู†ุถู…ุงู…ูƒ ุฅู„ูŠู†ุง ูˆุฏุงุนู‹ุง. ุงู„ูˆุฏุงุน.
ุญูˆู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูˆู‚ุน

ุณูŠู‚ุฏู… ู„ูƒ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูˆู‚ุน ู…ู‚ุงุทุน ููŠุฏูŠูˆ YouTube ุงู„ู…ููŠุฏุฉ ู„ุชุนู„ู… ุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ. ุณุชุฑู‰ ุฏุฑูˆุณ ุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ูŠุชู… ุชุฏุฑูŠุณู‡ุง ู…ู† ู‚ุจู„ ู…ุฏุฑุณูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ู…ู† ุฌู…ูŠุน ุฃู†ุญุงุก ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…. ุงู†ู‚ุฑ ู†ู‚ุฑู‹ุง ู…ุฒุฏูˆุฌู‹ุง ููˆู‚ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุนุฑูˆุถุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ูƒู„ ุตูุญุฉ ููŠุฏูŠูˆ ู„ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ ู…ู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ. ูŠุชู… ุชู…ุฑูŠุฑ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุงุช ุจุงู„ุชุฒุงู…ู† ู…ุน ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ. ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ู„ุฏูŠูƒ ุฃูŠ ุชุนู„ูŠู‚ุงุช ุฃูˆ ุทู„ุจุงุช ุŒ ูŠุฑุฌู‰ ุงู„ุงุชุตุงู„ ุจู†ุง ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ู†ู…ูˆุฐุฌ ุงู„ุงุชุตุงู„ ู‡ุฐุง.

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