Review of 2021: BBC News Review

93,354 views ใƒป 2022-01-04

BBC Learning English


ูŠุฑุฌู‰ ุงู„ู†ู‚ุฑ ู†ู‚ุฑู‹ุง ู…ุฒุฏูˆุฌู‹ุง ููˆู‚ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุฃุฏู†ุงู‡ ู„ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ. ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุชุฑุฌู…ุฉ ุชุชู… ุชุฑุฌู…ุชู‡ุง ุขู„ูŠู‹ุง.

00:00
We're almost at the end of 2021,
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ู„ู‚ุฏ ุงู‚ุชุฑุจู†ุง ู…ู† ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ุนุงู… 2021 ุŒ
00:03
so now's a good time to look back
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ู„ุฐุง ุญุงู† ุงู„ูˆู‚ุช ุงู„ุขู† ู„ุฅู„ู‚ุงุก ู†ุธุฑุฉ
00:05
at some of the news stories we've discussed here on BBC News Review.
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ุนู„ู‰ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ู‚ุตุต ุงู„ุฅุฎุจุงุฑูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ู†ุงู‚ุดู†ุงู‡ุง ู‡ู†ุง ููŠ ุจูŠ ุจูŠ ุณูŠ ู†ูŠูˆุฒ ุฑูŠููŠูˆ.
00:09
Hello, I'm Rob and joining me to look back on 2021 is Roy. Hello Roy.
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ู…ุฑุญุจู‹ุง ุŒ ุฃู†ุง ุฑูˆุจ ูˆุงู†ุถู… ุฅู„ูŠู‘ ู„ุฅู„ู‚ุงุก ู†ุธุฑุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุนุงู… 2021 ู‡ูˆ ุฑูˆูŠ. ู…ุฑุญุจุง ุฑูˆูŠ.
00:14
Hello Rob and hello everybody.
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ู…ุฑุญุจุง ุฑูˆุจ ูˆู…ุฑุญุจุง ุจุงู„ุฌู…ูŠุน.
00:17
Yes, absolutely. It's been an incredibly busy year,
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ู†ุนู… ุจุงู„ุชุงูƒูŠุฏ. ู„ู‚ุฏ ูƒุงู† ุนุงู…ู‹ุง ู…ุฒุฏุญู…ู‹ุง ุจุดูƒู„ ู„ุง ูŠุตุฏู‚ ุŒ
00:20
but also it's been a very, very difficult year for many families
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ูˆู„ูƒู†ู‡ ูƒุงู† ุฃูŠุถู‹ุง ุนุงู…ู‹ุง ุตุนุจู‹ุง ู„ู„ุบุงูŠุฉ ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู„ุนุฏูŠุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ุนุงุฆู„ุงุช
00:24
and people around the planet, especially with the Covid pandemic,
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ูˆุงู„ุฃุดุฎุงุต ุญูˆู„ ุงู„ูƒูˆูƒุจ ุŒ ุฎุงุตุฉ ู…ุน ูˆุจุงุก ูƒูˆููŠุฏ ุŒ
00:28
but 2022 โ€“ it's almost here,
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ูˆู„ูƒู† ุนุงู… 2022 - ู„ู‚ุฏ ุงู‚ุชุฑุจู†ุง ู…ู† ุฐู„ูƒ ุŒ
00:30
so let's hope that next year will be a much, much better year
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุฏุนูˆู†ุง ู†ุฃู…ู„ ุฃู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ุนุงู… ุงู„ู…ู‚ุจู„ ูƒุซูŠุฑู‹ุง ุŒ ุณู†ุฉ ุฃูุถู„ ุจูƒุซูŠุฑ
00:33
for many people out there.
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ู„ูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ู‡ู†ุงูƒ.
00:35
Yeah, let's hope so.
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ู†ุนู… ุŒ ุฏุนูˆู†ุง ู†ุฃู…ู„ ุฐู„ูƒ.
00:36
But, as you say, this year we discussed things such as the Covid pandemic,
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ูˆู„ูƒู† ุŒ ูƒู…ุง ุชู‚ูˆู„ ุŒ ู†ุงู‚ุดู†ุง ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุนุงู… ุฃุดูŠุงุก ู…ุซู„ ุฌุงุฆุญุฉ ูƒูˆููŠุฏ ุŒ ูˆู†ุงู‚ุดู†ุง ุงู„ุฃุฎุจุงุฑ ุงู„ู…ู„ูƒูŠุฉ ุŒ ูˆุชุญุฏุซู†ุง ุนู† ุงู„ุฑูŠุงุถุฉ ูˆุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู…ุจูŠุงุฏ ุŒ ูˆุชุญุฏุซู†ุง ุนู† ุงู„ู‚ุตุต ุงู„ุณูŠุงุณูŠุฉ ุฃูŠุถู‹ุง ูˆุชุญุฏุซู†ุง ุนู† ุงู„ุดุฑุจ. ุงู„ู†ุจูŠุฐ ููŠ ุงู„ูุถุงุก ุŒ ุฃู„ูŠุณ ูƒุฐู„ูƒุŸ
00:39
we've discussed royal news, we've talked about sports and the Olympics,
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00:44
we've talked about political stories as well
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00:46
and we've talked about drinking wine in space, haven't we?
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00:50
Yes, we have. I've never tried it, but it does sound intriguing.
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ู†ุนู… ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง. ู„ู… ุฃุฌุฑุจู‡ ุฃุจุฏู‹ุง ุŒ ู„ูƒู†ู‡ ูŠุจุฏูˆ ู…ุซูŠุฑู‹ุง ู„ู„ูุถูˆู„.
00:54
Apparently it tastes better if you do it up in space, but who knows?
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ูŠุจุฏูˆ ุฃู† ู…ุฐุงู‚ู‡ุง ุฃูุถู„ ุฅุฐุง ู‚ู…ุช ุจุฐู„ูƒ ููŠ ุงู„ูุถุงุก ุŒ ู„ูƒู† ู…ู† ูŠุฏุฑูŠุŸ
00:59
OK. Well, anyway, we've picked three of our most popular stories from this year
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ู†ุนู…. ุญุณู†ู‹ุง ุŒ ุนู„ู‰ ุฃูŠ ุญุงู„ ุŒ ุงุฎุชุฑู†ุง ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ู…ู† ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู‚ุตุตู†ุง ุดุนุจูŠุฉ ู…ู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุนุงู…
01:03
and we're starting with some royal news.
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ูˆู†ุจุฏุฃ ุจุจุนุถ ุงู„ุฃุฎุจุงุฑ ุงู„ู…ู„ูƒูŠุฉ.
01:06
Yes. So, this one was about an interview with Oprah Winfrey,
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ู†ุนู…. ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุŒ ูƒุงู† ู‡ุฐุง ุญูˆู„ ู…ู‚ุงุจู„ุฉ ู…ุน ุฃูˆุจุฑุง ูˆูŠู†ูุฑูŠ ุŒ
01:10
and Meghan Markle spoke about her life with the British royal family
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ูˆุชุญุฏุซุช ู…ูŠุบุงู† ู…ุงุฑูƒู„ ุนู† ุญูŠุงุชู‡ุง ู…ุน ุงู„ุนุงุฆู„ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุงู„ูƒุฉ ุงู„ุจุฑูŠุทุงู†ูŠุฉ
01:14
and how she found it very difficult.
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ูˆูƒูŠู ูˆุฌุฏุช ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑ ุตุนุจู‹ุง ู„ู„ุบุงูŠุฉ.
01:17
Now, Neil and Catherine talked about this and brought us
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ุงู„ุขู† ุŒ ุชุญุฏุซ ู†ูŠู„ ูˆูƒุงุซุฑูŠู† ุนู† ู‡ุฐุง ูˆุฃุญุถุฑุง ู„ู†ุง
01:20
the word 'bombshell'.
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ูƒู„ู…ุฉ "ู‚ู†ุจู„ุฉ".
01:22
Let's have a look at what they said:
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ุฏุนูˆู†ุง ู†ู„ู‚ูŠ ู†ุธุฑุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุง ู‚ุงู„ูˆู‡:
01:25
And we're now with Sky News, here in the UK โ€“ the headline:
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ูˆู†ุญู† ุงู„ุขู† ู…ุน Sky News ุŒ ู‡ู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ู…ู…ู„ูƒุฉ ุงู„ู…ุชุญุฏุฉ - ุงู„ุนู†ูˆุงู† ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠ:
01:39
'Bombshell' โ€“ describes a shocking event or piece of news.
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"Bombshell" - ูŠุตู ุญุฏุซู‹ุง ุฃูˆ ุฎุจุฑู‹ุง ุตุงุฏู…ู‹ุง.
01:43
Yes, it's all one word: B-O-M-B-S-H-E-L-L โ€“ 'bombshell'.
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ู†ุนู… ุŒ ูƒู„ู‡ุง ูƒู„ู…ุฉ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ: B-O-M-B-S-H-E-L-L - "ู‚ู†ุจู„ุฉ".
01:49
It's a military term.
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ุฅู†ู‡ ู…ุตุทู„ุญ ุนุณูƒุฑูŠ.
01:52
Neil, you know what a 'bomb' is, don't you?
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ู†ูŠู„ ุŒ ุฃู†ุช ุชุนุฑู ู…ุง ู‡ูŠ "ุงู„ู‚ู†ุจู„ุฉ" ุŒ ุฃู„ูŠุณ ูƒุฐู„ูƒุŸ
01:54
Yes, a 'bomb' is a device that explodes in order to destroy things,
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ู†ุนู… ุŒ "ุงู„ู‚ู†ุจู„ุฉ" ู‡ูŠ ุฌู‡ุงุฒ ูŠู†ูุฌุฑ ู…ู† ุฃุฌู„ ุชุฏู…ูŠุฑ ุฃุดูŠุงุก ุŒ
01:59
like buildings or military hardware โ€“ those type of things.
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ู…ุซู„ ุงู„ู…ุจุงู†ูŠ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู…ุนุฏุงุช ุงู„ุนุณูƒุฑูŠุฉ - ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ุฃู†ูˆุงุน ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃุดูŠุงุก.
02:06
Yes, and a 'bombshell' โ€“ excuse me โ€“ is the casing around the bomb so โ€“
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ู†ุนู… ุŒ ูˆ "ุงู„ู‚ู†ุจู„ุฉ" - ุนููˆุงู‹ - ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุบู„ุงู ุงู„ู…ุญูŠุท ุจุงู„ู‚ู†ุจู„ุฉ ุŒ ู„ุฐุง -
02:10
'bomb' or 'bombshell'.
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"ู‚ู†ุจู„ุฉ" ุฃูˆ "ู‚ู†ุจู„ุฉ".
02:12
And yes, a 'bombshell' will destroy everything.
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ูˆู†ุนู… ุŒ "ุงู„ู‚ู†ุจู„ุฉ" ุณุชุฏู…ุฑ ูƒู„ ุดูŠุก.
02:16
It's a shocking, life-changing, momentous event.
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ุฅู†ู‡ ุญุฏุซ ู…ุฑูˆุน ูˆู…ุบูŠู‘ุฑ ู„ู„ุญูŠุงุฉ .
02:21
Nothing will be the same after a 'bombshell'
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ู„ุง ุดูŠุก ุณูŠุจู‚ู‰ ูƒู…ุง ู‡ูˆ ุจุนุฏ "ู‚ู†ุจู„ุฉ"
02:23
and that's the idea behind the word in this context.
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ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ููƒุฑุฉ ูˆุฑุงุก ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุฉ ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุณูŠุงู‚.
02:27
A 'bombshell' interview is something that really shocks:
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ู…ู‚ุงุจู„ุฉ "ุงู„ู‚ู†ุจู„ุฉ" ู‡ูŠ ุดูŠุก ูŠุตุฏู… ุญู‚ู‹ุง:
02:30
potentially very damaging โ€“ devastating even.
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ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุญุชู…ู„ ุฃู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ุฏู…ุฑู‹ุง ู„ู„ุบุงูŠุฉ - ู…ุฏู…ุฑู‹ุง ุญุชู‰.
02:35
So, a 'bombshell' is something really, really serious.
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ู„ุฐุง ุŒ ูุฅู† "ุงู„ู‚ู†ุจู„ุฉ" ุดูŠุก ุฎุทูŠุฑ ุญู‚ู‹ุง.
02:39
And we're talking about figurative damage here.
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ูˆู†ุญู† ู†ุชุญุฏุซ ู‡ู†ุง ุนู† ุงู„ุถุฑุฑ ุงู„ู…ุฌุงุฒูŠ.
02:42
We're not saying that Harry and Meghan actually used a weapon of any kind.
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ู†ุญู† ู„ุง ู†ู‚ูˆู„ ุฃู† ู‡ุงุฑูŠ ูˆู…ูŠุบุงู† ุงุณุชุฎุฏู…ุง ุจุงู„ูุนู„ ุณู„ุงุญู‹ุง ู…ู† ุฃูŠ ู†ูˆุน.
02:46
No, no, not unless you count words as a weapon.
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ู„ุง ุŒ ู„ุง ุŒ ุฅู„ุง ุฅุฐุง ุนุฏุช ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุงุช ูƒุณู„ุงุญ.
02:49
Yeah, there's no actual weaponry involved here.
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ู†ุนู… ุŒ ู„ุง ุชูˆุฌุฏ ุฃุณู„ุญุฉ ูุนู„ูŠุฉ ู‡ู†ุง.
02:53
Yeah. In this example, 'bombshell' is an adjective, so we talk...
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ู†ุนู…. ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ุŒ "ุงู„ู‚ู†ุจู„ุฉ" ุตูุฉ ุŒ ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ู†ุชุญุฏุซ ...
02:56
we're talking about a 'bombshell' interview.
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ู†ุชุญุฏุซ ุนู† ู…ู‚ุงุจู„ุฉ "ู‚ู†ุจู„ุฉ".
02:58
We can say a 'bombshell' moment; but it is also often used as a noun
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ูŠู…ูƒู†ู†ุง ุฃู† ู†ู‚ูˆู„ ู„ุญุธุฉ "ู‚ู†ุจู„ุฉ". ูˆู„ูƒู† ุบุงู„ุจู‹ุง ู…ุง ูŠุชู… ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู…ู‡ ุฃูŠุถู‹ุง ูƒุงุณู…
03:04
and with the expression 'to drop a bombshell'.
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ูˆู…ุน ุชุนุจูŠุฑ "ุฅู„ู‚ุงุก ู‚ู†ุจู„ุฉ".
03:07
Yes, 'to drop a bombshell'.
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ู†ุนู… ุŒ "ู„ุฅู„ู‚ุงุก ู‚ู†ุจู„ุฉ".
03:09
If you 'drop a bombshell', you give very important, unexpected news.
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ุฅุฐุง "ุฃุณู‚ุทุช ู‚ู†ุจู„ุฉ" ุŒ ูุฅู†ูƒ ุชุนุทูŠ ุฃุฎุจุงุฑู‹ุง ู…ู‡ู…ุฉ ุฌุฏู‹ุง ูˆุบูŠุฑ ู…ุชูˆู‚ุนุฉ.
03:17
So, your news โ€“ if you 'drop a bombshell',
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ู„ุฐุง ุŒ ุฃุฎุจุงุฑูƒ - ุฅุฐุง "ุฃุณู‚ุทุช ู‚ู†ุจู„ุฉ" ุŒ
03:19
you're giving shocking and surprising news at the same time.
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ูุฃู†ุช ุชู‚ุฏู… ุฃุฎุจุงุฑู‹ุง ุตุงุฏู…ุฉ ูˆู…ุฏู‡ุดุฉ ููŠ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ูˆู‚ุช.
03:23
So, for example, if your family have always expected
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุŒ ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ุŒ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†ุช ุนุงุฆู„ุชูƒ ุชุชูˆู‚ุน ุฏุงุฆู…ู‹ุง ุฃู†
03:26
you maybe to go to university.
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ุชุฐู‡ุจ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฌุงู…ุนุฉ.
03:28
You've always said you're going to go to university
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ู„ุทุงู„ู…ุง ู‚ู„ุช ุฅู†ูƒ ุณุชุฐู‡ุจ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฌุงู…ุนุฉ
03:31
and then the day before you're supposed to go to university,
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ูˆุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒ ุจูŠูˆู… ูˆุงุญุฏ ู‚ุจู„ ุฃู† ุชุฐู‡ุจ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฌุงู…ุนุฉ ุŒ
03:34
you say, 'Actually... I'm not going.'
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ุชู‚ูˆู„ ุŒ "ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุงู‚ุน ... ู„ู† ุฃุฐู‡ุจ."
03:37
That would be โ€“ you would be 'dropping a bombshell'
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ุณูŠูƒูˆู† ุฐู„ูƒ - ุณุชุณู‚ุท ู‚ู†ุจู„ุฉ
03:41
or you'd be giving some 'bombshell' news.
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ุฃูˆ ุณุชุนุทูŠ ุจุนุถ ุฃุฎุจุงุฑ "ุงู„ู‚ู†ุจู„ุฉ".
03:44
Yeah. And the degree to which this news is shocking is of course relative.
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ู†ุนู…. ูˆุงู„ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุตุฏู…ุช ุจู‡ุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฃุฎุจุงุฑ ู‡ูŠ ุจุงู„ุทุจุน ู†ุณุจูŠุฉ. ูƒู…ุง
03:50
You know, it might be very important to an individual,
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ุชุนู„ู… ุŒ ู‚ุฏ ูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ู‡ู…ู‹ุง ุฌุฏู‹ุง ู„ู„ูุฑุฏ ุŒ
03:53
but not important on an international scale.
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ูˆู„ูƒู†ู‡ ู„ูŠุณ ู…ู‡ู…ู‹ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ุฏูˆู„ูŠ.
03:55
Yes, of course. Yeah.
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ู†ุนู… ุจุงู„ุทุจุน. ู†ุนู….
03:56
You don't have to be leaving a royal family to 'drop a bombshell'.
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ู„ูŠุณ ุนู„ูŠูƒ ุชุฑูƒ ุงู„ุนุงุฆู„ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุงู„ูƒุฉ "ู„ุฅู„ู‚ุงุก ู‚ู†ุจู„ุฉ".
03:59
It's literally what's important to you and the person
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ุฅู†ู‡ ุญุฑููŠู‹ุง ู…ุง ูŠู‡ู…ูƒ ุฃู†ุช ูˆุงู„ุดุฎุต
04:02
that you're giving this news to.
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ุงู„ุฐูŠ ุชู‚ุฏู… ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฃุฎุจุงุฑ ุฅู„ูŠู‡.
04:04
OK. Well, let's get a summary:
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ู†ุนู…. ุญุณู†ู‹ุง ุŒ ุฏุนู†ุง ู†ุญุตู„ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ู„ุฎุต:
04:15
So, that was the word 'bombshell'.
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ุฅุฐู† ุŒ ูƒุงู†ุช ู‡ุฐู‡ ูƒู„ู…ุฉ "ู‚ู†ุจู„ุฉ".
04:19
Yes, and if you want to test yourself on that piece of vocabulary,
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ู†ุนู… ุŒ ูˆุฅุฐุง ูƒู†ุช ุชุฑุบุจ ููŠ ุงุฎุชุจุงุฑ ู†ูุณูƒ ุจู†ุงุกู‹ ุนู„ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ูุฑุฏุงุช ุŒ
04:22
or any of the other vocabulary we talk about today,
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ุฃูˆ ุฃูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ูุฑุฏุงุช ุงู„ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ุงู„ุชูŠ ู†ุชุญุฏุซ ุนู†ู‡ุง ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ุŒ
04:25
all you need to do is head to our website
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ููƒู„ ู…ุง ุนู„ูŠูƒ ูุนู„ู‡ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุชูˆุฌู‡ ุฅู„ู‰ ู…ูˆู‚ุนู†ุง ุงู„ุฅู„ูƒุชุฑูˆู†ูŠ
04:27
bbclearningenglish.com to take a quiz.
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bbclearningenglish.com ู„ุฅุฌุฑุงุก ุงุฎุชุจุงุฑ.
04:31
OK. And you can learn more about that story, about Meghan and Harry,
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ู†ุนู…. ูˆูŠู…ูƒู†ูƒ ู…ุนุฑูุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฒูŠุฏ ุนู† ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ู‚ุตุฉ ุŒ ุนู† ู…ูŠุบุงู† ูˆู‡ุงุฑูŠ ุŒ
04:35
and learn more vocabulary as well.
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ูˆู…ุนุฑูุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฒูŠุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ูุฑุฏุงุช ุฃูŠุถู‹ุง.
04:37
So, how can people do that, Roy?
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ู„ุฐุง ุŒ ูƒูŠู ูŠู…ูƒู† ู„ู„ู†ุงุณ ุฃู† ูŠูุนู„ูˆุง ุฐู„ูƒ ูŠุง ุฑูˆูŠุŸ
04:39
All you need to do is click the link in the description.
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ูƒู„ ู…ุง ุนู„ูŠูƒ ูุนู„ู‡ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู†ู‚ุฑ ููˆู‚ ุงู„ุงุฑุชุจุงุท ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุตู.
04:43
Just down below.
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ูู‚ุท ููŠ ุงู„ุฃุณูู„.
04:46
Next โ€“ no surprises,
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ุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ - ู„ุง ู…ูุงุฌุขุช ุŒ
04:47
but we've been talking about climate change this year
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ู„ูƒู†ู†ุง ุชุญุฏุซู†ุง ุนู† ุชุบูŠุฑ ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุฎ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุนุงู…
04:50
and we had a story, back in August, that we talked about.
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ูˆู„ุฏูŠู†ุง ู‚ุตุฉ ุชุญุฏุซู†ุง ุนู†ู‡ุง ููŠ ุฃุบุณุทุณ ุงู„ู…ุงุถูŠ.
04:54
What was it exactly, Roy?
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ู…ุงุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุจุงู„ุถุจุท ูŠุง ุฑูˆูŠุŸ
04:56
OK. So, this story was called
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ู†ุนู…. ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุŒ ุฃูุทู„ู‚ ุนู„ู‰ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู‚ุตุฉ ุงุณู…
04:59
'Climate Crisis: Last Chance for Humanity'
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"ุฃุฒู…ุฉ ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุฎ: ุงู„ูุฑุตุฉ ุงู„ุฃุฎูŠุฑุฉ ู„ู„ุจุดุฑูŠุฉ"
05:02
and it was basically the fact that human activity
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ูˆูƒุงู†ุช ููŠ ุงู„ุฃุณุงุณ ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ุฃู† ุงู„ู†ุดุงุท ุงู„ุจุดุฑูŠ
05:05
is causing unprecedented and irreversible changes to the planet,
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ูŠุณุจุจ ุชุบูŠุฑุงุช ุบูŠุฑ ู…ุณุจูˆู‚ุฉ ูˆู„ุง ุฑุฌุนุฉ ููŠู‡ุง ุนู„ู‰ ูƒูˆูƒุจ ุงู„ุฃุฑุถ ุŒ
05:09
according to a UN report.
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ูˆูู‚ู‹ุง ู„ุชู‚ุฑูŠุฑ ู„ู„ุฃู…ู… ุงู„ู…ุชุญุฏุฉ.
05:12
And Catherine and Tom talked about this
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ูˆุชุญุฏุซุช ูƒุงุซุฑูŠู† ูˆุชูˆู… ุนู† ู‡ุฐุง
05:15
and brought us the phrase 'a wake-up call'.
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ูˆุฃุญุถุฑุง ู„ู†ุง ุนุจุงุฑุฉ "ู…ูƒุงู„ู…ุฉ ุฅูŠู‚ุงุธ".
05:18
Let's have a look at what they said:
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ุฏุนูˆู†ุง ู†ู„ู‚ูŠ ู†ุธุฑุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุง ู‚ุงู„ูˆู‡:
05:20
We're here with the BBC News and the headline:
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ู†ุญู† ู‡ู†ุง ู…ุน ุจูŠ ุจูŠ ุณูŠ ู†ูŠูˆุฒ ูˆุงู„ุนู†ูˆุงู† ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠ:
05:29
'A wake-up call' โ€“ a shocking event which can cause changes
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"ู…ูƒุงู„ู…ุฉ ุฅูŠู‚ุงุธ" - ุญุฏุซ ู…ุฑูˆุน ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู† ูŠุชุณุจุจ ููŠ ุชุบูŠูŠุฑุงุช
05:33
in behaviour or attitude.
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ููŠ ุงู„ุณู„ูˆูƒ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู…ูˆู‚ู.
05:35
Catherine, over to you.
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ูƒุงุซุฑูŠู† ุŒ ุฅู„ูŠูƒู….
05:37
Yes. Now, we start with 'a'.
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ู†ุนู…. ุงู„ุขู† ุŒ ู†ุจุฏุฃ ุจู€ "ุฃ".
05:40
Then the second word: 'wake' โ€“ W-A-K-E.
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ุซู… ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ: "ุงุณุชูŠู‚ุธ" - W-A-K-E.
05:43
Third word is 'up' โ€“ U-P โ€“
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ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซุฉ ู‡ูŠ "up" - U-P -
05:46
but those two words, 'wake' and 'up',
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ูˆู„ูƒู† ู‡ุงุชูŠู† ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุชูŠู† ุŒ "ุงุณุชูŠู‚ุงุธ" ูˆ "up" ุŒ
05:48
are joined with a hyphen when you write them.
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ูŠุชู… ุฑุจุทู‡ู…ุง ุจุดุฑุทุฉ ุนู†ุฏ ูƒุชุงุจุชู‡ู…ุง.
05:51
And the final word is 'call' โ€“ C-A-L-L.
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ูˆุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุฉ ุงู„ุฃุฎูŠุฑุฉ ู‡ูŠ "ุฏุนูˆุฉ" - C-A-L-L.
05:54
So, you have 'a wake-up call'.
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ู„ุฐุง ุŒ ู„ุฏูŠูƒ "ู…ูƒุงู„ู…ุฉ ุฅูŠู‚ุงุธ".
05:56
Now, Tom, I'm sure you've had 'a wake-up call' in a hotel,
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ุงู„ุขู† ุŒ ุชูˆู… ุŒ ุฃู†ุง ู…ุชุฃูƒุฏ ู…ู† ุฃู† ู„ุฏูŠูƒ "ู…ูƒุงู„ู…ุฉ ุฅูŠู‚ุงุธ" ููŠ ุฃุญุฏ ุงู„ูู†ุงุฏู‚ ุŒ
06:00
haven't you, at some point in your life?
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ุฃู„ูŠุณ ูƒุฐู„ูƒ ุŒ ููŠ ู…ุฑุญู„ุฉ ู…ุง ู…ู† ุญูŠุงุชูƒุŸ
06:02
I have, yeah. 'A wake-up call' in a hotel
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ู„ุฏูŠ ู†ุนู…. "ู…ูƒุงู„ู…ุฉ ุฅูŠู‚ุงุธ" ููŠ ุงู„ูู†ุฏู‚
06:05
is when someone gives you a phone call to wake you up,
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ู‡ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ูŠู‚ูˆู… ุดุฎุต ู…ุง ุจู…ูƒุงู„ู…ุฉ ู‡ุงุชููŠุฉ ู„ุฅูŠู‚ุงุธูƒ
06:08
or stop you from sleeping.
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ุฃูˆ ู…ู†ุนูƒ ู…ู† ุงู„ู†ูˆู….
06:10
Yeah, so there's a bit of a shock, isn't it, when you're lying...
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ู†ุนู… ุŒ ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุงู„ู‚ู„ูŠู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ุตุฏู…ุฉ ุŒ ุฃู„ูŠุณ ูƒุฐู„ูƒ ุŒ ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ุชูƒุฐุจ ...
06:12
you wake up in a strange bed with the phone ringing and you're, like:
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ุชุณุชูŠู‚ุธ ููŠ ุณุฑูŠุฑ ุบุฑูŠุจ ู…ุน ุฑู†ูŠู† ุงู„ู‡ุงุชู ูˆุฃู†ุช ุŒ ู…ุซู„:
06:15
'Where am I? What's happening?'
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"ุฃูŠู† ุฃู†ุงุŸ ู…ุงุฐุง ูŠุญุฏุซุŸ'
06:17
It, sort of, makes you jump a bit, doesn't it?
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ุฅู†ู‡ ุŒ ู†ูˆุนู‹ุง ู…ุง ุŒ ูŠุฌุนู„ูƒ ุชู‚ูุฒ ู‚ู„ูŠู„ุงู‹ ุŒ ุฃู„ูŠุณ ูƒุฐู„ูƒุŸ
06:19
It's... it's alarming, yeah, and you could say it causes 'alarm', yeah.
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ุฅู†ู‡ ... ุฅู†ู‡ ู…ุฒุนุฌ ุŒ ู†ุนู… ุŒ ูˆูŠู…ูƒู†ูƒ ุงู„ู‚ูˆู„ ุฃู†ู‡ ูŠุณุจุจ "ุฅู†ุฐุงุฑู‹ุง" ุŒ ู†ุนู….
06:24
Yes, which is why we call it an 'alarm call' sometimes.
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ู†ุนู… ุŒ ูˆู„ู‡ุฐุง ู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง ุฃุญูŠุงู†ู‹ุง "ู…ูƒุงู„ู…ุฉ ุฅู†ุฐุงุฑ".
06:27
So, that's the kind of idea of 'a wake-up call' originally.
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ุฅุฐู† ุŒ ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ู†ูˆุน ููƒุฑุฉ "ู…ูƒุงู„ู…ุฉ ุฅูŠู‚ุงุธ" ููŠ ุงู„ุฃุตู„.
06:30
Now, in this context, we're not talking about hotels
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ุงู„ุขู† ุŒ ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุณูŠุงู‚ ุŒ ู†ุญู† ู„ุง ู†ุชุญุฏุซ ุนู† ุงู„ูู†ุงุฏู‚
06:33
and making you wake up in the morning,
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ูˆู†ุฌุนู„ูƒ ุชุณุชูŠู‚ุธ ููŠ ุงู„ุตุจุงุญ ุŒ
06:35
but we are talking about a shock:
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ู„ูƒู†ู†ุง ู†ุชุญุฏุซ ุนู† ุตุฏู…ุฉ:
06:38
something that, kind of, jolts you into reality
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ุดูŠุก ุŒ ู†ูˆุนู‹ุง ู…ุง ุŒ ูŠุฏูุนูƒ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ูˆุงู‚ุน
06:42
and makes you pay attention and take action.
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ูˆูŠุฌุนู„ูƒ ุชู†ุชุจู‡ ูˆุชุชุฎุฐ ุฅุฌุฑุงุกู‹.
06:45
OK. So, we're talking about 'wake-up call' again
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ู†ุนู…. ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุŒ ู†ุญู† ู†ุชุญุฏุซ ุนู† "ุฏุนูˆุฉ ู„ู„ุงุณุชูŠู‚ุงุธ" ู…ุฑุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู‰
06:48
in this serious context of climate change.
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ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุณูŠุงู‚ ุงู„ุฎุทูŠุฑ ู„ุชุบูŠุฑ ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุฎ.
06:50
Could you give us an example of when we can use 'wake-up call'
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ู‡ู„ ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู† ุชุนุทูŠู†ุง ู…ุซุงู„ุงู‹ ุนู† ุงู„ูˆู‚ุช ุงู„ุฐูŠ ูŠู…ูƒู†ู†ุง ููŠู‡ ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… "ู…ูƒุงู„ู…ุฉ ุฅูŠู‚ุงุธ"
06:53
in a more everyday context?
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ููŠ ุณูŠุงู‚ ูŠูˆู…ูŠ ุฃูƒุซุฑุŸ
06:56
Yes. Well, if you think about those lazy students, Tom.
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ู†ุนู…. ุญุณู†ู‹ุง ุŒ ุฅุฐุง ููƒุฑุช ููŠ ู‡ุคู„ุงุก ุงู„ุทู„ุงุจ ุงู„ูƒุณุงู„ู‰ ุŒ ุชูˆู….
06:58
I'm sure you weren't one but, you know, there's always that time
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ุฃู†ุง ู…ุชุฃูƒุฏ ู…ู† ุฃู†ูƒ ู„ู… ุชูƒู† ูˆุงุญุฏู‹ุง ุŒ ูˆู„ูƒู† ุŒ ูƒู…ุง ุชุนู„ู… ุŒ ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุฏุงุฆู…ู‹ุง ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ูˆู‚ุช
07:02
at university when you get fed up of working really hard
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ููŠ ุงู„ุฌุงู…ุนุฉ ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ุชุดุนุฑ ุจุงู„ู…ู„ู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ุนู…ู„ ุงู„ุฌุงุฏ ุฌุฏู‹ุง
07:05
and the grades slip a bit and there's...
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ูˆุชู†ุฎูุถ ุงู„ุฏุฑุฌุงุช ู‚ู„ูŠู„ุงู‹ ูˆู‡ู†ุงูƒ ...
07:07
Yeah, I heard... I heard about that time.
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ู†ุนู… ุŒ ู„ู‚ุฏ ุณู…ุนุช ... ุณู…ุนุช ุนู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูˆู‚ุช.
07:09
Never happened to me obviously.
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ู„ู… ูŠุญุฏุซ ู„ูŠ ุจุดูƒู„ ูˆุงุถุญ
07:11
Yes... I'm sure, I'm sure.
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ู†ุนู… ... ุฃู†ุง ู…ุชุฃูƒุฏ ุŒ ุฃู†ุง ู…ุชุฃูƒุฏ.
07:12
And then one day you get a grade, which is really quite low.
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ูˆุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒ ุฐุงุช ูŠูˆู… ุชุญุตู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุŒ ูˆู‡ูŠ ุญู‚ู‹ุง ู…ู†ุฎูุถุฉ ุฌุฏู‹ุง.
07:17
It's a D, maybe an E even,
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ุฅู†ู‡ D ุŒ ูˆุฑุจู…ุง E ุญุชู‰ ุŒ
07:19
and you go: 'Oh no... Right, party time's over.
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ูˆุชู‚ูˆู„: "ุฃูˆู‡ ู„ุง ... ุญุณู†ู‹ุง ุŒ ู„ู‚ุฏ ุงู†ุชู‡ู‰ ูˆู‚ุช ุงู„ุญูู„ุฉ.
07:23
I'm going to have to start working
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ุณุฃุถุทุฑ ุฅู„ู‰ ุจุฏุก ุงู„ุนู…ู„
07:25
because if I don't, I'm going to fail this course.'
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ู„ุฃู†ู†ูŠ ุฅุฐุง ู„ู… ุฃูุนู„ ุŒ ูุณุฃูุดู„ ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฏูˆุฑุฉ ุงู„ุชุฏุฑูŠุจูŠุฉ.
07:28
So, that bad grade โ€“ that D or that E โ€“
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ู„ุฐุง ุŒ ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุงู„ุณูŠุฆุฉ - ุชู„ูƒ D ุฃูˆ ุชู„ูƒ E -
07:32
was 'a wake-up call' because it makes you get back to reality, work harder.
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ูƒุงู†ุช "ู…ูƒุงู„ู…ุฉ ุฅูŠู‚ุงุธ" ู„ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุชุฌุนู„ูƒ ุชุนูˆุฏ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ูˆุงู‚ุน ุŒ ูˆุชุนู…ู„ ุจุฌุฏูŠุฉ ุฃูƒุจุฑ.
07:37
So, a serious warning that makes you change your behaviour
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ู„ุฐุง ุŒ ูุฅู† ุงู„ุชุญุฐูŠุฑ ุงู„ุฌุงุฏ ุงู„ุฐูŠ ูŠุฌุนู„ูƒ ุชุบูŠุฑ ุณู„ูˆูƒูƒ
07:41
is 'a wake-up call'.
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ู‡ูˆ "ู…ูƒุงู„ู…ุฉ ุฅูŠู‚ุงุธ".
07:43
So, low grades are 'a wake-up call' to lazy students and of course...
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ู„ุฐุง ุŒ ูุฅู† ุงู„ุฏุฑุฌุงุช ุงู„ู…ู†ุฎูุถุฉ ู‡ูŠ "ุฏุนูˆุฉ ู„ู„ุงุณุชูŠู‚ุงุธ" ู„ู„ุทู„ุงุจ ุงู„ูƒุณุงู„ู‰ ูˆุจุงู„ุทุจุน ..
07:47
Should be!
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ูŠุฌุจ ุฃู† ุชูƒูˆู† ูƒุฐู„ูƒ!
07:48
...and of course, anyone watching this is taking ownership of their education
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... ูˆุจุงู„ุทุจุน ุŒ ูุฅู† ุฃูŠ ุดุฎุต ูŠุดุงู‡ุฏ ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุฃุฎุฐ ู…ู„ูƒูŠุฉ ุชุนู„ูŠู…ู‡
07:52
and will not need that 'wake-up call'. Great.
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ูˆู„ู† ูŠุญุชุงุฌ ุฅู„ู‰ "ู…ูƒุงู„ู…ุฉ ุฅูŠู‚ุงุธ". ุนุธูŠู….
07:55
Let's have our summary slide please:
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ุฏุนู†ุง ู†ุญุตู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุดุฑูŠุญุฉ ุงู„ู…ู„ุฎุต ู…ู† ูุถู„ูƒ:
08:06
So, that was 'a wake-up call'
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ุฅุฐู† ุŒ ูƒุงู†ุช ู‡ุฐู‡ "ู…ูƒุงู„ู…ุฉ ุฅูŠู‚ุงุธ"
08:08
and you can watch that full report
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ูˆูŠู…ูƒู†ูƒ ู…ุดุงู‡ุฏุฉ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุชู‚ุฑูŠุฑ ุงู„ูƒุงู…ู„
08:10
and learn more vocabulary about that subject by going somewhere,
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ูˆู…ุนุฑูุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฒูŠุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ูุฑุฏุงุช ุญูˆู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุจุงู„ุฐู‡ุงุจ ุฅู„ู‰ ู…ูƒุงู† ู…ุง ุŒ
08:15
but where do people go, Roy?
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ูˆู„ูƒู† ุฅู„ู‰ ุฃูŠู† ูŠุฐู‡ุจ ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ูŠุง ุฑูˆูŠุŸ
08:17
All you need to do is click the link in the description below.
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ูƒู„ ู…ุง ุนู„ูŠูƒ ูุนู„ู‡ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู†ู‚ุฑ ููˆู‚ ุงู„ุงุฑุชุจุงุท ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุตู ุฃุฏู†ุงู‡.
08:21
Down below. Thank you.
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ุฃุณูู„ ุฃุฏู†ุงู‡. ุดูƒุฑู‹ุง ู„ูƒ.
08:23
Next, we had some big news in September.
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ุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒ ุŒ ุชู„ู‚ูŠู†ุง ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุฃุฎุจุงุฑ ุงู„ู…ู‡ู…ุฉ ููŠ ุณุจุชู…ุจุฑ.
08:27
What was it, Roy?
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ู…ุงุฐุง ูƒุงู† ูŠุง ุฑูˆูŠุŸ
08:28
Yes, we had a story that ABBA, the pop superstars of the 1970s,
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ู†ุนู… ุŒ ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง ู‚ุตุฉ ุฃู† ABBA ุŒ ู†ุฌูˆู… ุงู„ุจูˆุจ โ€‹โ€‹ููŠ ุงู„ุณุจุนูŠู†ูŠุงุช ุŒ
08:34
were planning a new album and a digital tour.
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ูƒุงู†ูˆุง ูŠุฎุทุทูˆู† ู„ุฃู„ุจูˆู… ุฌุฏูŠุฏ ูˆุฌูˆู„ุฉ ุฑู‚ู…ูŠุฉ.
08:38
Yeah, exciting news โ€“ well, for ABBA fans at least.
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ู†ุนู… ุŒ ุฃุฎุจุงุฑ ู…ุซูŠุฑุฉ - ุญุณู†ู‹ุง ุŒ ู„ู…ุดุฌุนูŠ ABBA ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฃู‚ู„.
08:42
And you and Neil discussed this and brought us the phrase 'damp squib'.
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ูˆู‚ุฏ ู†ุงู‚ุดุช ุฃู†ุช ูˆู†ูŠู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑ ูˆุฃุญุถุฑุง ู„ู†ุง ุนุจุงุฑุฉ "ุฑุทุจุฉ ุฑุทุจุฉ".
08:48
So, let's hear what you said:
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ู„ุฐุง ุฏุนู†ุง ู†ุณู…ุน ู…ุง ู‚ู„ุชู‡:
08:50
OK. Our next headline comes from the UK,
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ุญุณู†ู‹ุง. ูŠุฃุชูŠ ุนู†ูˆุงู†ู†ุง ุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ู…ู„ูƒุฉ ุงู„ู…ุชุญุฏุฉ ุŒ
08:53
from the Telegraph, and it reads:
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ู…ู† Telegraph ุŒ ูˆู†ุตู‡:
09:01
'Damp squib' โ€“ something less impressive than expected.
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"Damp squib" - ุดูŠุก ุฃู‚ู„ ุฅุซุงุฑุฉ ู„ู„ุฅุนุฌุงุจ ู…ู…ุง ูƒุงู† ู…ุชูˆู‚ุนู‹ุง.
09:06
Yeah. So, this is a very British expression and it's two words.
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ู†ุนู…. ุฅุฐู† ุŒ ู‡ุฐุง ุชุนุจูŠุฑ ุจุฑูŠุทุงู†ูŠ ู„ู„ุบุงูŠุฉ ูˆูŠุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† ูƒู„ู…ุชูŠู†.
09:11
The first word is 'damp' โ€“ D-A-M-P.
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ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุฉ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ "ุฑุทุจุฉ" - D-A-M-P.
09:15
The second word is 'squib', spelt S-Q-U-I-B โ€“
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ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ู‡ูŠ "squib" ุŒ ู…ูƒุชูˆุจุฉ S-Q-U-I-B - ู…ู†
09:20
very important that 'b' there.
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ุงู„ู…ู‡ู… ุฌุฏู‹ุง ุฃู† ุชูƒูˆู† "b" ู‡ู†ุงูƒ.
09:22
And what it means โ€“ it describes something. It's a noun...
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ูˆู…ุงุฐุง ุชุนู†ูŠ - ุฅู†ู‡ุง ุชุตู ุดูŠุฆู‹ุง ู…ุง. ุฅู†ู‡ ุงุณู… ...
09:25
a noun phrase and it describes something that is...
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ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุงุณู…ูŠุฉ ูˆูŠุตู ุดูŠุฆู‹ุง ู…ุง ...
09:28
it's... it's less than it was expected.
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ุฅู†ู‡ ... ุฃู‚ู„ ู…ู…ุง ูƒุงู† ู…ุชูˆู‚ุนู‹ุง.
09:30
So, you had high expectations and it didn't reach those expectations.
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ู„ุฐุง ุŒ ูƒุงู†ุช ู„ุฏูŠูƒ ุชูˆู‚ุนุงุช ุนุงู„ูŠุฉ ูˆู„ู… ุชุตู„ ุฅู„ู‰ ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ุชูˆู‚ุนุงุช.
09:35
Yeah. Now, this is a bit of a strange expression because
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ู†ุนู…. ุงู„ุขู† ุŒ ู‡ุฐุง ุชุนุจูŠุฑ ุบุฑูŠุจ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ู„ุฃู†
09:39
most people will understand the first part, 'damp', meaning slightly wet
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ู…ุนุธู… ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุณูŠูู‡ู…ูˆู† ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ุŒ "ุฑุทุจ" ุŒ ุจู…ุนู†ู‰ ุฑุทุจ ู‚ู„ูŠู„ุงู‹
09:44
and we can see how that can be... have a, sort of, negative meaning,
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ูˆูŠู…ูƒู†ู†ุง ุฃู† ู†ุฑู‰ ูƒูŠู ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ...
09:47
but 'squib' โ€“ what is a 'squib', Roy?
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- ู…ุง ู‡ูˆ "ุณูƒูˆูŠุจ" ุŒ ุฑูˆูŠุŸ
09:50
In the past, a 'squib' was used to refer to a small firework.
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ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุงุถูŠ ุŒ ุชู… ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ูƒู„ู…ุฉ "ุณูƒูˆูŠุจ" ู„ู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฃู„ุนุงุจ ุงู„ู†ุงุฑูŠุฉ ุงู„ุตุบูŠุฑุฉ.
09:56
So, this is going to give an idea.
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุŒ ุณูŠุนุทูŠ ู‡ุฐุง ููƒุฑุฉ.
09:58
So, you're right โ€“ that 'damp' word which is obviously still in use:
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ุฅุฐู† ุŒ ุฃู†ุช ู…ุญู‚ - ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุฉ "ุงู„ุฑุทุจุฉ" ุงู„ุชูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ูˆุงุถุญ ุฃู†ู‡ุง ู„ุง ุชุฒุงู„ ู‚ูŠุฏ ุงู„ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู…:
10:01
it means wet.
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ุฅู†ู‡ุง ุชุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ุฑุทุจ.
10:02
And the firework... if a wet firework...
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ูˆุงู„ุฃู„ุนุงุจ ุงู„ู†ุงุฑูŠุฉ ... ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†ุช ุงู„ุฃู„ุนุงุจ ุงู„ู†ุงุฑูŠุฉ ู…ุจุชู„ุฉ ...
10:05
if a firework is wet, it doesn't really...
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ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†ุช ุงู„ุฃู„ุนุงุจ ุงู„ู†ุงุฑูŠุฉ ู…ุจุชู„ุฉ ุŒ ูุฅู†ู‡ุง ู„ุง ุชุนู…ู„ ุญู‚ู‹ุง ...
10:09
it doesn't really work. Fireworks are best when they're dry.
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ู„ุง ุชุนู…ู„ ุญู‚ู‹ุง. ุงู„ุฃู„ุนุงุจ ุงู„ู†ุงุฑูŠุฉ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุฃูุถู„ ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ุชูƒูˆู† ุฌุงูุฉ.
10:12
So, this is what many people believe is the origin of this expression:
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ุฅุฐู† ุŒ ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุง ูŠุนุชู‚ุฏู‡ ูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ู‡ูˆ ุฃุตู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุชุนุจูŠุฑ:
10:16
just a wet firework that didn't... didn't go off.
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ู…ุฌุฑุฏ ู„ุนุจุฉ ู†ุงุฑูŠุฉ ู…ุจู„ู„ุฉ ู„ู… ุชู†ูุฌุฑ.
10:20
Yeah. And as we know, fireworks are exciting.
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ู†ุนู…. ูˆูƒู…ุง ู†ุนู„ู… ุŒ ุงู„ุฃู„ุนุงุจ ุงู„ู†ุงุฑูŠุฉ ู…ุซูŠุฑุฉ.
10:22
There's some expectation around how they are going to make you feel.
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ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุชูˆู‚ุนุงุช ุญูˆู„ ู…ุง ุณูˆู ูŠุฌุนู„ูˆู†ูƒ ุชุดุนุฑ ุจู‡.
10:26
You're going to be excited and full of joy.
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ุณุชูƒูˆู† ู…ุชุญู…ุณู‹ุง ูˆู…ู„ูŠุฆู‹ุง ุจุงู„ุจู‡ุฌุฉ.
10:29
If it's 'damp', that excitement is gone and that's the key to this meaning.
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ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุงู„ุฌูˆ "ุฑุทุจุงู‹" ุŒ ูุฅู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฅุซุงุฑุฉ ุชุฎุชููŠ ูˆู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู…ูุชุงุญ ู„ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุนู†ู‰.
10:35
It is. So... And we use it quite commonly,
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ุฅู†ู‡ุง. ู„ุฐุง ... ูˆู†ุญู† ู†ุณุชุฎุฏู…ู‡ุง ุจุดูƒู„ ุดุงุฆุน ุŒ
10:37
as I say, in British English informally โ€“
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ูƒู…ุง ู‚ู„ุช ุŒ ููŠ ุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุงู„ุจุฑูŠุทุงู†ูŠุฉ ุจุดูƒู„ ุบูŠุฑ ุฑุณู…ูŠ -
10:40
to say something is a disappointment.
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ู„ู‚ูˆู„ ุดูŠุฆู‹ุง ู…ุง ู…ุฎูŠุจ ู„ู„ุขู…ุงู„.
10:42
So, maybe you go to a restaurant and the food isn't very good
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ู„ุฐุง ุŒ ุฑุจู…ุง ุชุฐู‡ุจ ุฅู„ู‰ ู…ุทุนู… ูˆุงู„ุทุนุงู… ู„ูŠุณ ุฌูŠุฏู‹ุง ุฌุฏู‹ุง
10:46
and you say: 'Humph, that restaurant was a bit of a damp squib.'
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ูˆุชู‚ูˆู„: "ู‡ู…ู ุŒ ูƒุงู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุทุนู… ู‚ู„ูŠู„ู‹ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ุถุฑุจุงุช ุงู„ุฑุทุจุฉ."
10:49
Or a party โ€“ a terrible, terrible party.
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ุฃูˆ ุญูู„ุฉ - ุญูู„ุฉ ุฑู‡ูŠุจุฉ ูุธูŠุนุฉ.
10:52
Can you think of an example of a 'damp squib'?
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ู‡ู„ ูŠู…ูƒู†ูƒ ุงู„ุชููƒูŠุฑ ููŠ ู…ุซุงู„ ุนู„ู‰ "ุณุฎุฑูŠุฉ ุฑุทุจุฉ"ุŸ
10:56
Well, Roy, I know... you know,
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ุญุณู†ู‹ุง ุŒ ุฑูˆูŠ ุŒ ุฃุนู„ู… ... ูƒู…ุง ุชุนู„ู… ุŒ
10:57
I don't want to upset you here, because I know you organised it,
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ู„ุง ุฃุฑูŠุฏ ุฃู† ุฃุฒุนุฌูƒ ู‡ู†ุง ุŒ ู„ุฃู†ู†ูŠ ุฃุนู„ู… ุฃู†ูƒ ู†ุธู…ุชู‡ุง ุŒ
11:00
but last year's Learning English Christmas party...
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ู„ูƒู† ุญูู„ุฉ ุนูŠุฏ ุงู„ู…ูŠู„ุงุฏ ู„ุชุนู„ู… ุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุนุงู… ุงู„ู…ุงุถูŠ ...
11:04
Well, the Christmas party's usually quite good fun, but this year,
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ุญุณู†ู‹ุง ุŒ ุญูู„ุฉ ุงู„ูƒุฑูŠุณู…ุงุณ ุนุงุฏุฉู‹ ู…ุง ุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู…ุชุนุฉ ุฌุฏู‹ุง ุŒ ู„ูƒู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุนุงู… ุŒ
11:07
or last year, because we couldn't get together because of Covid,
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ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุนุงู… ุงู„ู…ุงุถูŠ ุŒ ู„ุฃู†ู†ุง ู„ู… ู†ุชู…ูƒู† ู…ู† ุงู„ุงุฌุชู…ุงุน ู…ุนู‹ุง ุจุณุจุจ Covid ุŒ
11:11
we had to do it virtually and I'm afraid to say
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ูƒุงู† ุนู„ูŠู†ุง ุฃู† ู†ูุนู„ ุฐู„ูƒ ุงูุชุฑุงุถูŠู‹ุง ูˆุฃุฎุดู‰ ุฃู† ุฃู‚ูˆู„
11:14
it was a 'damp squib', Roy.
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ุฅู†ู‡ ูƒุงู† "ุฎุฏุงุนู‹ุง ุฑุทุจู‹ุง" ุŒ ุฑูˆูŠ.
11:16
Yeah. Yeah, I agree. It was a...
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ู†ุนู…. ู†ุนู… ุŒ ุฃูˆุงูู‚. ู„ู‚ุฏ ูƒุงู†ุช ...
11:18
it was a bit of a let-down โ€“ not as good as expectations,
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ูƒุงู†ุช ู…ุฎูŠุจุฉ ู„ู„ุขู…ุงู„ ู‚ู„ูŠู„ุงู‹ - ู„ู… ุชูƒู† ุฌูŠุฏุฉ ู…ุซู„ ุงู„ุชูˆู‚ุนุงุช ุŒ
11:21
but we made the best of a bad situation.
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ู„ูƒู†ู†ุง ุญู‚ู‚ู†ุง ุฃูุถู„ ู…ุง ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูˆู‚ู ุงู„ุณูŠุฆ.
11:24
But you can say, yeah, it was a bit of a 'damp squib',
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ู„ูƒู† ูŠู…ูƒู†ูƒ ุงู„ู‚ูˆู„ ุŒ ู†ุนู… ุŒ ู„ู‚ุฏ ูƒุงู† ู†ูˆุนู‹ุง ู…ู† "ุงู„ุณุฎุฑูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฑุทุจุฉ" ุŒ
11:25
because the year before everybody was together and hopefully again โ€“
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ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ุนุงู… ุงู„ุณุงุจู‚ ูƒุงู† ุงู„ุฌู…ูŠุน ู…ุนู‹ุง ูˆู†ุฃู…ู„ ู…ุฑุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู‰ -
11:29
I have another opportunity this year,
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ู„ุฏูŠ ูุฑุตุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุนุงู… ุŒ
11:32
so hopefully my reputation this time will remain intact.
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุขู…ู„ ุฃู† ุชุธู„ ุณู…ุนุชูŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ุฑุฉ ูƒู…ุง ู‡ูŠ.
11:37
Ah... nice use of the word from that previous headline.
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ุขู‡ ... ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ู„ุทูŠู ู„ู„ูƒู„ู…ุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุนู†ูˆุงู† ุงู„ุณุงุจู‚.
11:40
One other thing to point out about this expression 'damp squib':
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ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุดูŠุก ุขุฎุฑ ูŠุฌุจ ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ุฅู„ูŠู‡ ุญูˆู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุชุนุจูŠุฑ "damp squib":
11:44
a lot of people get confused
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ูŠุดุนุฑ ุงู„ูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุจุงู„ุงุฑุชุจุงูƒ
11:46
because the word 'squib' is not used in modern English very often
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ู„ุฃู† ูƒู„ู…ุฉ "squib" ู„ุง ุชูุณุชุฎุฏู… ูƒุซูŠุฑู‹ุง ููŠ ุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุงู„ุญุฏูŠุซุฉ
11:51
and they think it's 'squid'. What's a 'squid', Roy?
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ูˆูŠุนุชู‚ุฏูˆู† ุฃู†ู‡ุง "ุญุจุงุฑ". ู…ุง ู‡ูˆ "ุงู„ุญุจุงุฑ" ุŒ ุฑูˆูŠุŸ
11:55
OK. So, yeah, this is absolutely true.
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ู†ุนู…. ู„ุฐุง ุŒ ู†ุนู… ุŒ ู‡ุฐุง ุตุญูŠุญ ุชู…ุงู…ู‹ุง.
11:58
Both native speakers of English and non-native speakers
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ูƒู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุชุญุฏุซูŠู† ุงู„ุฃุตู„ูŠูŠู† ู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ูˆุบูŠุฑ ุงู„ู†ุงุทู‚ูŠู† ุจู‡ุง
12:00
regularly get this wrong: they say 'damp squid'.
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ูŠุฎุทุฆูˆู† ุจุงู†ุชุธุงู…: ูŠู‚ูˆู„ูˆู† "ุงู„ุญุจุงุฑ ุงู„ุฑุทุจ".
12:04
A 'squid' is an animal that lives under the water
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"ุงู„ุญุจุงุฑ" ุญูŠูˆุงู† ูŠุนูŠุด ุชุญุช ุงู„ู…ุงุก ูˆูŠุดุจู‡
12:07
and it's kind of like an octopus,
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ุงู„ุฃุฎุทุจูˆุท ู†ูˆุนู‹ุง ู…ุง ุŒ
12:09
and it makes sense because a 'squid' would be damp,
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ูˆู‡ุฐุง ู…ู†ุทู‚ูŠ ู„ุฃู† "ุงู„ุญุจุงุฑ" ุณูŠูƒูˆู† ุฑุทุจู‹ุง ุŒ
12:12
but that's not the expression.
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ู„ูƒู† ู‡ุฐุง ู„ูŠุณ ุงู„ุชุนุจูŠุฑ.
12:13
We say 'damp squib' with a 'b'.
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ู†ู‚ูˆู„ "ุฑุทุจุฉ ุฑุฎูˆุฉ" ู…ุน "ุจ".
12:17
OK. Let's get a summary:
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ู†ุนู…. ุฏุนู†ุง ู†ุญุตู„ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ู„ุฎุต:
12:26
'Damp squib' โ€“ a great phrase,
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"Damp squib" - ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุฑุงุฆุนุฉ ุŒ
12:28
but hopefully one that doesn't describe your year,
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ู„ูƒู† ุขู…ู„ ุฃู„ุง ุชุตู ุนุงู…ูƒ ุŒ
12:31
or indeed this programme.
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ุฃูˆ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุจุฑู†ุงู…ุฌ ุจุงู„ูุนู„.
12:33
Now, Roy, could you recap some of the vocabulary
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ุงู„ุขู† ุŒ ุฑูˆูŠ ุŒ ู‡ู„ ูŠู…ูƒู†ูƒ ุชู„ุฎูŠุต ุจุนุถ ุงู„ู…ูุฑุฏุงุช
12:36
that we've heard about today please?
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ุงู„ุชูŠ ุณู…ุนู†ุง ุนู†ู‡ุง ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ู…ู† ูุถู„ูƒุŸ
12:38
Of course I can.
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ุจุงู„ุทุจุน ุงุณุชุทูŠุน.
12:39
We had 'bombshell' โ€“ describes a shocking event or piece of news.
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ูƒุงู† ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง "ู‚ู†ุจู„ุฉ" - ุชุตู ุญุฏุซู‹ุง ุตุงุฏู…ู‹ุง ุฃูˆ ุฎุจุฑู‹ุง ุตุงุฏู…ู‹ุง.
12:45
We had 'a wake-up call' โ€“ a shocking event which can cause changes
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ูƒุงู† ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง "ู…ูƒุงู„ู…ุฉ ุฅูŠู‚ุงุธ" - ุญุฏุซ ู…ุฑูˆุน ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู† ูŠุชุณุจุจ ููŠ ุชุบูŠูŠุฑุงุช
12:49
in behaviour or attitude.
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ููŠ ุงู„ุณู„ูˆูƒ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู…ูˆู‚ู. ูˆูƒุงู†
12:52
And we had 'damp squib' โ€“ something less impressive than expected.
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ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง "ุฑุทุจุฉ ุฑุทุจุฉ" - ุดูŠุก ุฃู‚ู„ ุฅุซุงุฑุฉ ู„ู„ุฅุนุฌุงุจ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุชูˆู‚ุน.
12:58
Thank you. And a reminder that you can test yourself
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ุดูƒุฑู‹ุง ู„ูƒ. ูˆุชุฐูƒูŠุฑ ุจุฃู†ู‡ ูŠู…ูƒู†ูƒ ุงุฎุชุจุงุฑ ู†ูุณูƒ ู…ู†
13:02
on the vocabulary you've heard today
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ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ู…ูุฑุฏุงุช ุงู„ุชูŠ ุณู…ุนุชู‡ุง ุงู„ูŠูˆู…
13:05
on our website at bbclearningenglish.com.
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ุนู„ู‰ ู…ูˆู‚ุนู†ุง ุงู„ุฅู„ูƒุชุฑูˆู†ูŠ bbclearningenglish.com.
13:09
Well, we're we're almost out of time,
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ุญุณู†ู‹ุง ุŒ ู„ู‚ุฏ ู†ูุฏ ุงู„ูˆู‚ุช ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง ุŒ
13:11
but from the whole of the News Review team โ€“
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ูˆู„ูƒู† ู…ู† ูุฑูŠู‚ News Review ุจุฃูƒู…ู„ู‡ -
13:13
that's me and Neil and Catherine and Tom
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ู‡ุฐุง ุฃู†ุง ูˆู†ูŠู„ ูˆูƒุงุซุฑูŠู† ูˆุชูˆู…
13:15
and of course you, Roy โ€“ we want to wish you a very happy New Year
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ูˆุจุงู„ุทุจุน ุฃู†ุช ุฑูˆูŠ - ู†ูˆุฏ ุฃู† ู†ุชู…ู†ู‰ ู„ูƒ ุนุงู…ู‹ุง ุฌุฏูŠุฏู‹ุง ุณุนูŠุฏู‹ุง ุฌุฏู‹ุง ูˆ
13:19
and of course we'll be back as usual every week in 2022.
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ุจุงู„ุทุจุน ุณู†ุนูˆุฏ ูƒุงู„ู…ุนุชุงุฏ ูƒู„ ุฃุณุจูˆุน ููŠ ุนุงู… 2022.
13:23
So, from me: Happy New Year!
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ู„ุฐุง ุŒ ู…ู†ูŠ: ุนุงู… ุฌุฏูŠุฏ ุณุนูŠุฏ!
13:26
Happy New Year everybody!
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ุณู†ู‡ ุฌุฏูŠุฏุฉ ุณุนูŠุฏุฉ ู„ู„ุฌู…ูŠุน!

Original video on YouTube.com
ุญูˆู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูˆู‚ุน

ุณูŠู‚ุฏู… ู„ูƒ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูˆู‚ุน ู…ู‚ุงุทุน ููŠุฏูŠูˆ YouTube ุงู„ู…ููŠุฏุฉ ู„ุชุนู„ู… ุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ. ุณุชุฑู‰ ุฏุฑูˆุณ ุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ูŠุชู… ุชุฏุฑูŠุณู‡ุง ู…ู† ู‚ุจู„ ู…ุฏุฑุณูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ู…ู† ุฌู…ูŠุน ุฃู†ุญุงุก ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…. ุงู†ู‚ุฑ ู†ู‚ุฑู‹ุง ู…ุฒุฏูˆุฌู‹ุง ููˆู‚ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุนุฑูˆุถุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ูƒู„ ุตูุญุฉ ููŠุฏูŠูˆ ู„ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ ู…ู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ. ูŠุชู… ุชู…ุฑูŠุฑ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุงุช ุจุงู„ุชุฒุงู…ู† ู…ุน ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ. ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ู„ุฏูŠูƒ ุฃูŠ ุชุนู„ูŠู‚ุงุช ุฃูˆ ุทู„ุจุงุช ุŒ ูŠุฑุฌู‰ ุงู„ุงุชุตุงู„ ุจู†ุง ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ู†ู…ูˆุฐุฌ ุงู„ุงุชุตุงู„ ู‡ุฐุง.

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