Mystery child illness: Cause found: BBC News Review

69,187 views ใƒป 2022-07-27

BBC Learning English


ูŠุฑุฌู‰ ุงู„ู†ู‚ุฑ ู†ู‚ุฑู‹ุง ู…ุฒุฏูˆุฌู‹ุง ููˆู‚ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุฃุฏู†ุงู‡ ู„ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ. ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุชุฑุฌู…ุฉ ุชุชู… ุชุฑุฌู…ุชู‡ุง ุขู„ูŠู‹ุง.

00:01
Mystery child illness.
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ู…ุฑุถ ุงู„ุทูู„ ุงู„ุบุงู…ุถ.
00:02
A likely cause has been found. This is News Review from
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ุชู… ุงู„ุนุซูˆุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจุจ ู…ุญุชู…ู„. ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ุฑุงุฌุนุฉ ุงู„ุฃุฎุจุงุฑ ู…ู†
00:06
BBC Learning English.
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BBC Learning English.
00:07
I'm Neil. And I'm Beth. Stick with us
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ุฃู†ุง ู†ูŠู„. ูˆุฃู†ุง ุจูŠุซ. ุงุจู‚ ู…ุนู†ุง
00:10
and you can learn the vocabulary to talk about this
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ูˆูŠู…ูƒู†ูƒ ุชุนู„ู… ุงู„ู…ูุฑุฏุงุช ู„ู„ุชุญุฏุซ ุนู† ู‡ุฐู‡
00:13
story. Yes, you can.
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ุงู„ู‚ุตุฉ. ู†ุนู… ุชุณุชุทูŠุน.
00:14
And don't forget to subscribe to our channel, like this video,
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ูˆู„ุง ุชู†ุณ ุงู„ุงุดุชุฑุงูƒ ููŠ ู‚ู†ุงุชู†ุง ุŒ ู…ุซู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ ุŒ
00:17
and try the quiz on our website.
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ูˆุฌุฑุจ ุงู„ุงุฎุชุจุงุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ูˆู‚ุนู†ุง.
00:19
But now, today's story.
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ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ุขู† ุŒ ู‚ุตุฉ ุงู„ูŠูˆู….
00:23
Hepatitis. A recent mysterious outbreak of the liver disease
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ุงู„ุชู‡ุงุจ ุงู„ูƒุจุฏ. ุฃุซุฑ ุงู„ุชูุดูŠ ุงู„ุบุงู…ุถ ุงู„ุฃุฎูŠุฑ ู„ู…ุฑุถ ุงู„ูƒุจุฏ ุจุดูƒู„
00:28
has seriously affected over a thousand young children
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ุฎุทูŠุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† ุฃู„ู ุทูู„
00:32
from 35 countries across the world.
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ู…ู† 35 ุฏูˆู„ุฉ ุญูˆู„ ุงู„ุนุงู„ู….
00:36
Until now, nobody knew why. But scientists in the UK
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ุญุชู‰ ุงู„ุขู† ุŒ ู„ู… ูŠุนุฑู ุฃุญุฏ ู„ู…ุงุฐุง. ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ุนู„ู…ุงุก ููŠ ุงู„ู…ู…ู„ูƒุฉ ุงู„ู…ุชุญุฏุฉ
00:42
say the likely cause is two common viruses which came back after the Covid
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ูŠู‚ูˆู„ูˆู† ุฅู† ุงู„ุณุจุจ ุงู„ู…ุญุชู…ู„ ู‡ูˆ ููŠุฑูˆุณุงู† ุดุงุฆุนุงู† ุนุงุฏุง ุจุนุฏ
00:49
lockdowns ended.
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ุงู†ุชู‡ุงุก ุนู…ู„ูŠุงุช ุฅุบู„ุงู‚ Covid.
00:52
Beth, you've been looking at the headlines.
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ุจูŠุซ ุŒ ู„ู‚ุฏ ูƒู†ุช ุชุจุญุซ ููŠ ุงู„ุนู†ุงูˆูŠู† ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠุฉ.
00:55
What's the vocabulary?
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ู…ุง ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู…ูุฑุฏุงุชุŸ
00:56
We have 'get to the bottom of', 'culprit', and 'constellation'.
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ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง "ุงู„ูˆุตูˆู„ ุฅู„ู‰ ู‚ุงุน " ูˆ "ุงู„ุฌุงู†ูŠ" ูˆ "ูƒูˆูƒุจุฉ".
01:01
This is News Review from BBC Learning English.
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ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ุฑุงุฌุนุฉ ุงู„ุฃุฎุจุงุฑ ู…ู† BBC Learning English.
01:09
Let's have a look at our first headline. This one comes
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ุฏุนูˆู†ุง ู†ู„ู‚ูŠ ู†ุธุฑุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุนู†ูˆุงู†ู†ุง ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ . ู‡ุฐุง ูˆุงุญุฏ ูŠุฃุชูŠ
01:13
from The Sun.
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ู…ู† ุงู„ุดู…ุณ.
01:22
We're looking at 'get to the bottom of' something.
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ู†ุญู† ู†ุจุญุซ ููŠ "ุงู„ูˆุตูˆู„ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุณูู„ูŠ ู…ู†" ุดูŠุก ู…ุง.
01:25
And this is about discovering the truth, isn't it?
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ูˆู‡ุฐุง ูŠุชุนู„ู‚ ุจุงูƒุชุดุงู ุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ุŒ ุฃู„ูŠุณ ูƒุฐู„ูƒุŸ
01:28
Yeah. That's right.
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ู†ุนู…. ุตุญูŠุญ.
01:29
If we get to the bottom of something, we find out the cause
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ุฅุฐุง ูˆุตู„ู†ุง ุฅู„ู‰ ุฃุณูู„ ุดูŠุก ู…ุง ุŒ ูุฅู†ู†ุง ู†ูƒุชุดู ุณุจุจ
01:33
of a particular situation.
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ู…ูˆู‚ู ู…ุนูŠู†.
01:34
So in the headline,
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ู„ุฐุง ููŠ ุงู„ุนู†ูˆุงู† ุŒ
01:36
the mystery illness is the thing that people don't understand.
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ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ ุงู„ุบุงู…ุถ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ุงู„ุฐูŠ ู„ุง ูŠูู‡ู…ู‡ ุงู„ู†ุงุณ.
01:40
But scientists have been investigating. They're trying to get to the bottom of it.
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ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ุนู„ู…ุงุก ูƒุงู†ูˆุง ูŠุญู‚ู‚ูˆู†. ุฅู†ู‡ู… ูŠุญุงูˆู„ูˆู† ุงู„ูˆุตูˆู„ ุฅู„ู‰ ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑ.
01:45
Now, obviously, disease is a really serious matter.
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ุงู„ุขู† ุŒ ู…ู† ุงู„ูˆุงุถุญ ุฃู† ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ ุฃู…ุฑ ุฎุทูŠุฑ ุญู‚ู‹ุง.
01:49
Is this expression only for serious things?
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ู‡ู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุชุนุจูŠุฑ ุนู† ุงู„ุฃุดูŠุงุก ุงู„ุฌุงุฏุฉ ูู‚ุทุŸ
01:52
Well, not always serious problems,
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ุญุณู†ู‹ุง ุŒ ู„ูŠุณุช ุฏุงุฆู…ู‹ุง ู…ุดุงูƒู„ ุฎุทูŠุฑุฉ ุŒ
01:55
but certainly negative situations.
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ูˆู„ูƒู†ู‡ุง ุจุงู„ุชุฃูƒูŠุฏ ู…ูˆุงู‚ู ุณู„ุจูŠุฉ.
01:57
So the police would try to get to the bottom of a crime.
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุณุชุญุงูˆู„ ุงู„ุดุฑุทุฉ ุงู„ูˆุตูˆู„ ุฅู„ู‰ ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุฌุฑูŠู…ุฉ.
02:00
Yeah. And now a crime is both negative and serious.
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ู†ุนู…. ูˆุงู„ุขู† ุฃุตุจุญุช ุงู„ุฌุฑูŠู…ุฉ ุณู„ุจูŠุฉ ูˆุฎุทูŠุฑุฉ.
02:04
Yeah, but we could also say
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ู†ุนู… ุŒ ู„ูƒู† ูŠู…ูƒู†ู†ุง ุฃูŠุถู‹ุง ุฃู† ู†ู‚ูˆู„
02:07
'someone stole my pen', which is obviously negative, but not so serious.
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"ุดุฎุต ู…ุง ุณุฑู‚ ู‚ู„ู…ูŠ" ุŒ ูˆู‡ูˆ ุฃู…ุฑ ุณู„ุจูŠ ูˆุงุถุญ ุŒ ู„ูƒู†ู‡ ู„ูŠุณ ุจู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฎุทูˆุฑุฉ.
02:12
I'm trying to get to the bottom of it.
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ุฃุญุงูˆู„ ุงู„ูˆุตูˆู„ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุณูู„ูŠ ู…ู†ู‡.
02:14
Yeah. Well, I've seen Beth's pen,
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ู†ุนู…. ุญุณู†ู‹ุง ุŒ ู„ู‚ุฏ ุฑุฃูŠุช ู‚ู„ู… ุจูŠุซ ุŒ
02:17
and it's really not serious.
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ูˆู‡ูˆ ุญู‚ู‹ุง ู„ูŠุณ ุฌุฏูŠู‹ุง.
02:18
I can tell you. But anyway,
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ุงุณุชุทูŠุน ุงู† ุงู‚ูˆู„ ู„ูƒู…. ู„ูƒู† ุนู„ู‰ ุฃูŠ ุญุงู„ ุŒ
02:20
you might want to get to the bottom of it.
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ู‚ุฏ ุชุฑุบุจ ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุตูˆู„ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุณูู„ูŠ ู…ู†ู‡.
02:23
How formal or informal is this expression? It's informal,
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ู…ุง ู…ุฏู‰ ุฑุณู…ูŠุฉ ุฃูˆ ุบูŠุฑ ุฑุณู…ูŠุฉ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุชุนุจูŠุฑุŸ ุฅู†ู‡ ุบูŠุฑ ุฑุณู…ูŠ ุŒ
02:27
so you can use it in conversation, and you wouldn't really see it in official reports.
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ู„ุฐุง ูŠู…ูƒู†ูƒ ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู…ู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุฏุซุฉ ุŒ ูˆู„ู† ุชุฑุงู‡ ุญู‚ู‹ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุชู‚ุงุฑูŠุฑ ุงู„ุฑุณู…ูŠุฉ.
02:33
OK. Well, I'm glad we've got to the bottom of that piece of vocabulary.
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ู†ุนู…. ุญุณู†ู‹ุง ุŒ ุฃู†ุง ุณุนูŠุฏ ู„ุฃู†ู†ุง ุชูˆุตู„ู†ุง ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุณูู„ูŠ ู…ู† ู‚ุทุนุฉ ุงู„ู…ูุฑุฏุงุช ู‡ุฐู‡.
02:37
Let's have a look, one more time.
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ุฏุนูˆู†ุง ู†ู„ู‚ูŠ ู†ุธุฑุฉ ุŒ ู…ุฑุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู‰.
02:46
Now, let's have our next headline, please.
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ุงู„ุขู† ุŒ ุฏุนูˆู†ุง ู†ุญุตู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุนู†ูˆุงู† ุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุŒ ู…ู† ูุถู„ูƒ.
02:48
This one comes from the Mail.
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ู‡ุฐุง ูˆุงุญุฏ ูŠุฃุชูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ุจุฑูŠุฏ.
02:58
Well, it's a long headline,
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ุญุณู†ู‹ุง ุŒ ุฅู†ู‡ ุนู†ูˆุงู† ุทูˆูŠู„ ุŒ
03:01
but we're looking at one word in particular.
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ู„ูƒู†ู†ุง ู†ู†ุธุฑ ุฅู„ู‰ ูƒู„ู…ุฉ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ูˆุฌู‡ ุงู„ุฎุตูˆุต.
03:04
And it is 'culprit'.
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ูˆู‡ูˆ "ุงู„ู…ุฐู†ุจ".
03:07
Are you a fan of crime drama, Beth?
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ู‡ู„ ุฃู†ุช ู…ู† ู…ุญุจูŠ ุงู„ุฏุฑุงู…ุง ุงู„ุฅุฌุฑุงู…ูŠุฉ ุŒ ุจูŠุซุŸ
03:09
I love a good crime drama.
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ุฃุญุจ ุงู„ุฏุฑุงู…ุง ุงู„ุฅุฌุฑุงู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฌูŠุฏุฉ.
03:11
OK, so you will know that the culprit is the person who committed the crime.
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ุญุณู†ู‹ุง ุŒ ุณุชุนุฑู ุฃู† ุงู„ุฌุงู†ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุดุฎุต ุงู„ุฐูŠ ุงุฑุชูƒุจ ุงู„ุฌุฑูŠู…ุฉ.
03:16
Yes. Detectives look for the culprit.
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ู†ุนู…. ุงู„ู…ุญู‚ู‚ูˆู† ูŠุจุญุซูˆู† ุนู† ุงู„ุฌุงู†ูŠ.
03:19
But in this headline,
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ู„ูƒู† ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุนู†ูˆุงู† ุŒ
03:20
we are not talking about a person that is guilty of a crime.
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ู„ุง ู†ุชุญุฏุซ ุนู† ุดุฎุต ู…ุฐู†ุจ ุจุงุฑุชูƒุงุจ ุฌุฑูŠู…ุฉ.
03:24
But, actually, the cause of a bad situation.
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ูˆู„ูƒู† ุŒ ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุงู‚ุน ุŒ ุณุจุจ ุงู„ูˆุถุน ุงู„ุณูŠุฆ.
03:27
So, the culprit is not only a person.
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ุฅุฐู† ุŒ ุงู„ุฌุงู†ูŠ ู„ูŠุณ ู…ุฌุฑุฏ ุดุฎุต.
03:30
That's right. So, for example, we can say that the wildfires
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ุตุญูŠุญ. ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุŒ ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ุŒ ูŠู…ูƒู†ู†ุง ุงู„ู‚ูˆู„ ุฃู† ุญุฑุงุฆู‚ ุงู„ุบุงุจุงุช
03:34
that we've been seeing recently.
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ุงู„ุชูŠ ู†ุดู‡ุฏู‡ุง ู…ุคุฎุฑู‹ุง.
03:36
They have been caused by heatwaves,
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ู„ู‚ุฏ ู†ุชุฌุช ุนู† ู…ูˆุฌุงุช ุงู„ุญุฑ ุŒ
03:37
and scientists say that climate change is the culprit.
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ูˆูŠู‚ูˆู„ ุงู„ุนู„ู…ุงุก ุฅู† ุชุบูŠุฑ ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุฎ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุฌุงู†ูŠ.
03:41
Yeah. Now, culprit, crime - it all sounds very formal.
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ู†ุนู…. ุงู„ุขู† ุŒ ุงู„ุฌุงู†ูŠ ุŒ ุงู„ุฌุฑูŠู…ุฉ - ูƒู„ ุดูŠุก ูŠุจุฏูˆ ุฑุณู…ูŠู‹ุง ู„ู„ุบุงูŠุฉ.
03:46
Is it formal? Always?
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ู‡ู„ ู‡ูˆ ุฑุณู…ูŠุŸ ุฏุงุฆู…ุงู‹ุŸ
03:48
Well, it is and it isn't.
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ุญุณู†ู‹ุง ุŒ ุฅู†ู‡ ูƒุฐู„ูƒ ูˆู„ูŠุณ ูƒุฐู„ูƒ.
03:50
It kind of depends on the context,
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ูŠุนุชู…ุฏ ู†ูˆุนู‹ุง ู…ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุณูŠุงู‚ ุŒ
03:52
like so many of these things.
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ู…ุซู„ ุงู„ูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฃุดูŠุงุก.
03:54
So, if you saw in an official report of a serious crime, then,
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ู„ุฐุง ุŒ ุฅุฐุง ุฑุฃูŠุช ููŠ ุชู‚ุฑูŠุฑ ุฑุณู…ูŠ ุฌุฑูŠู…ุฉ ุฎุทูŠุฑุฉ ุŒ ูู‡ูŠ
03:58
of course it's formal.
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ุจุงู„ุทุจุน ุฑุณู…ูŠุฉ.
03:59
But, we can also use it for not so serious situations - like more informal.
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ู„ูƒู† ูŠู…ูƒู†ู†ุง ุฃูŠุถู‹ุง ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู…ู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูˆุงู‚ู ุบูŠุฑ ุงู„ุฎุทูŠุฑุฉ - ู…ุซู„ ุบูŠุฑ ุงู„ุฑุณู…ูŠุฉ.
04:04
Yeah. And it's used as a kind of exaggeration to make it kind of funny
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ู†ุนู…. ูˆูŠุชู… ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู…ู‡ ูƒู†ูˆุน ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุจุงู„ุบุฉ ู„ุฌุนู„ ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑ ู…ุถุญูƒู‹ุง ุฃู†
04:08
that saying that something, someone is a culprit when it's just not that serious.
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ุชู‚ูˆู„ ุดูŠุฆู‹ุง ู…ุง ุŒ ุดุฎุต ู…ุง ู…ุฐู†ุจ ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ู„ุง ูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑ ุจู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฎุทูˆุฑุฉ.
04:14
True, true. like this pen that I stole. ย 
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ุญู‚ูŠู‚ูŠ ุญู‚ูŠู‚ูŠ. ู…ุซู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู‚ู„ู… ุงู„ุฐูŠ ุณุฑู‚ุชู‡.
04:19
Right. Let's look at that again.
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ูŠู…ูŠู†. ุฏุนูˆู†ุง ู†ู†ุธุฑ ุฅู„ู‰ ุฐู„ูƒ ู…ุฑุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู‰.
04:29
Let's have the next headline, then, please.
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ุฏุนูˆู†ุง ู†ุญุตู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุนู†ูˆุงู† ุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุŒ ุฅุฐู† ุŒ ู…ู† ูุถู„ูƒ.
04:31
This one is from The Scientist.
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ู‡ุฐุง ู…ู† The Scientist.
04:40
According to preprints, preprints are a kind of academic scientific research paper,
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ูˆูู‚ู‹ุง ู„ู„ุทุจุนุงุช ุงู„ู…ุณุจู‚ุฉ ุŒ ุชุนุฏ ุงู„ู…ุทุจูˆุนุงุช ุงู„ู…ุณุจู‚ุฉ ู†ูˆุนู‹ุง ู…ู† ุฃูˆุฑุงู‚ ุงู„ุจุญุซ ุงู„ุนู„ู…ูŠ ุงู„ุฃูƒุงุฏูŠู…ูŠ ุŒ
04:46
there are many related causes for this liver disease in children
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ูˆู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุงู„ุนุฏูŠุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃุณุจุงุจ ุฐุงุช ุงู„ุตู„ุฉ ุจู…ุฑุถ ุงู„ูƒุจุฏ ู‡ุฐุง ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ุฃุทูุงู„
04:50
In fact, what they call a constellation.
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ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุงู‚ุน ุŒ ู…ุง ูŠุณู…ูˆู†ู‡ ูƒูˆูƒุจุฉ.
04:53
A constellation is a group of stars, though, Beth.
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ุงู„ูƒูˆูƒุจุฉ ู‡ูŠ ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ู†ุฌูˆู… ุŒ ุจูŠุซ.
04:56
So what's the connection?
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ุฅุฐู† ู…ุง ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุตู„ุฉุŸ
04:58
Yeah. You're right. So a constellation is a group
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ู†ุนู…. ุฃู†ุช ุนู„ู‰ ุญู‚. ู„ุฐุง ูุฅู† ุงู„ูƒูˆูƒุจุฉ ู‡ูŠ ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ
05:01
of stars that form a pattern. For example,
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ู…ู† ุงู„ู†ุฌูˆู… ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชุดูƒู„ ู†ู…ุทู‹ุง. ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ุŒ
05:04
everyone knows 'The Plough'. That's the one
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ูŠุนุฑู ุงู„ุฌู…ูŠุน "ุงู„ู…ุญุฑุงุซ". ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ
05:06
that looks like a giant spoon.
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ุงู„ุฐูŠ ูŠุดุจู‡ ุงู„ู…ู„ุนู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ุงู‚ุฉ.
05:08
Yeah. And 'Orion'.
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ู†ุนู…. ูˆ "ุฃูˆุฑูŠูˆู†".
05:10
That's the one with the stars that make up the belt. But constellation
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ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ู…ุน ุงู„ู†ุฌูˆู… ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชุดูƒู„ ุงู„ุญุฒุงู…. ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ูƒูˆูƒุจุฉ
05:14
here is not being used to talk about stars.
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ู‡ู†ุง ู„ุง ุชูุณุชุฎุฏู… ู„ู„ุญุฏูŠุซ ุนู† ุงู„ู†ุฌูˆู….
05:18
It's to say that there is a group of things that are very similar.
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ุฅู†ู‡ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃุดูŠุงุก ู…ุชุดุงุจู‡ุฉ ุฌุฏู‹ุง.
05:22
And, of course, stars in a constellation look very similar to us.
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ูˆุจุงู„ุทุจุน ุŒ ุชุจุฏูˆ ุงู„ู†ุฌูˆู… ููŠ ูƒูˆูƒุจุฉ ู…ุดุงุจู‡ุฉ ุฌุฏู‹ุง ู„ู†ุง.
05:26
And that's the connection. Exactly. Yeah.
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ูˆู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุฑุงุจุท. ุจุงู„ุถุจุท. ู†ุนู….
05:28
So in the headline,
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ู„ุฐุง ููŠ ุงู„ุนู†ูˆุงู† ุŒ
05:29
they are suggesting
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ูŠู‚ุชุฑุญูˆู†
05:30
that there's a group of similar things that are causing this illness.
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ุฃู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃุดูŠุงุก ุงู„ู…ุชุดุงุจู‡ุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชุณุจุจ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ.
05:35
Now, let's have a look at the pronunciation
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ุงู„ุขู† ุŒ ุฏุนูˆู†ุง ู†ู„ู‚ูŠ ู†ุธุฑุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ู†ุทู‚
05:37
of this word 'constellation'. Four syllables.
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ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุฉ "ูƒูˆูƒุจุฉ". ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ู…ู‚ุงุทุน ู„ูุธูŠุฉ.
05:40
But where's the stress? con-ste-LLA-tion.
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ู„ูƒู† ุฃูŠู† ุงู„ุชูˆุชุฑุŸ ูƒูˆูƒุจุฉ.
05:43
It's on the third syllable. 'Constellation'.
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ุฅู†ู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ู‚ุทุน ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ. 'ูƒูˆูƒุจุฉ'.
05:46
OK, let's look at that again.
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ุญุณู†ู‹ุง ุŒ ู„ู†ู„ู‚ ู†ุธุฑุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุฐู„ูƒ ู…ุฑุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู‰. ู„ู‚ุฏ
05:55
We've had 'get to the bottom of' -
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ูƒุงู† ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง "ุงู„ูˆุตูˆู„ ุฅู„ู‰ ุฃุณูู„" -
05:56
find out what happened.
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ุงูƒุชุดู ู…ุง ุญุฏุซ.
05:58
'Culprits' - who or what is responsible
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"ุงู„ู…ุฐู†ุจูˆู†" - ู…ู† ุฃูˆ ู…ุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุณุคูˆู„
06:02
for something bad happening.
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ุนู† ุญุฏูˆุซ ุดูŠุก ุณูŠุก.
06:03
And it's not just used for crime dramas. And 'constellation' -
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ูˆู„ุง ูŠุชู… ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู…ู‡ ูู‚ุท ููŠ ุงู„ุฏุฑุงู…ุง ุงู„ุฅุฌุฑุงู…ูŠุฉ. ูˆ "ูƒูˆูƒุจุฉ" -
06:07
a group of things that are related.
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ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃุดูŠุงุก ุงู„ู…ุชุฑุงุจุทุฉ.
06:10
Don't forget there's a quiz on our website
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ู„ุง ุชู†ุณ ุฃู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุงุฎุชุจุงุฑู‹ุง ู‚ุตูŠุฑู‹ุง ุนู„ู‰ ู…ูˆู‚ุนู†ุง ุงู„ุฅู„ูƒุชุฑูˆู†ูŠ
06:13
www.bbclearningenglish.com Thank you for joining us,
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www.bbclearningenglish.com ุดูƒุฑู‹ุง ู„ูƒ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู†ุถู…ุงู…ูƒ ุฅู„ูŠู†ุง ุŒ
06:16
and goodbye. Bye.
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ูˆุฏุงุนู‹ุง. ุงู„ูˆุฏุงุน.
ุญูˆู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูˆู‚ุน

ุณูŠู‚ุฏู… ู„ูƒ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูˆู‚ุน ู…ู‚ุงุทุน ููŠุฏูŠูˆ YouTube ุงู„ู…ููŠุฏุฉ ู„ุชุนู„ู… ุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ. ุณุชุฑู‰ ุฏุฑูˆุณ ุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ูŠุชู… ุชุฏุฑูŠุณู‡ุง ู…ู† ู‚ุจู„ ู…ุฏุฑุณูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ู…ู† ุฌู…ูŠุน ุฃู†ุญุงุก ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…. ุงู†ู‚ุฑ ู†ู‚ุฑู‹ุง ู…ุฒุฏูˆุฌู‹ุง ููˆู‚ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุนุฑูˆุถุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ูƒู„ ุตูุญุฉ ููŠุฏูŠูˆ ู„ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ ู…ู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ. ูŠุชู… ุชู…ุฑูŠุฑ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุงุช ุจุงู„ุชุฒุงู…ู† ู…ุน ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ. ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ู„ุฏูŠูƒ ุฃูŠ ุชุนู„ูŠู‚ุงุช ุฃูˆ ุทู„ุจุงุช ุŒ ูŠุฑุฌู‰ ุงู„ุงุชุตุงู„ ุจู†ุง ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ู†ู…ูˆุฐุฌ ุงู„ุงุชุตุงู„ ู‡ุฐุง.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7