Mystery child illness: Cause found: BBC News Review

68,472 views ใƒป 2022-07-27

BBC Learning English


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ. ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืžืชื•ืจื’ืžื•ืช ืžืชื•ืจื’ืžื•ืช ื‘ืžื›ื•ื ื”.

00:01
Mystery child illness.
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ืžื—ืœืช ื™ืœื“ ืžืกืชื•ืจื™ืช.
00:02
A likely cause has been found. This is News Review from
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ื ืžืฆืื” ืกื™ื‘ื” ืกื‘ื™ืจื”. ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืกืงื™ืจืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœ
00:06
BBC Learning English.
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BBC Learning English.
00:07
I'm Neil. And I'm Beth. Stick with us
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ืื ื™ ื ื™ืœ. ื•ืื ื™ ื‘ืช'. ื”ื™ืฉืืจ ืื™ืชื ื•
00:10
and you can learn the vocabulary to talk about this
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ื•ืชื•ื›ืœ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืืช ืื•ืฆืจ ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ
00:13
story. Yes, you can.
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ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื–ื”. ื›ืŸ ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ.
00:14
And don't forget to subscribe to our channel, like this video,
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ื•ืืœ ืชืฉื›ื—ื• ืœื”ื™ืจืฉื ืœืขืจื•ืฅ ืฉืœื ื•, ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœื™ื™ืง ืœืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื”
00:17
and try the quiz on our website.
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ื•ืœื ืกื•ืช ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืืชืจ ืฉืœื ื•.
00:19
But now, today's story.
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ืื‘ืœ ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื•ื.
00:23
Hepatitis. A recent mysterious outbreak of the liver disease
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ื“ึทืœึถืงึถืช ื”ึทื›ึผึธื‘ึตื“. ื”ืชืคืจืฆื•ืช ืžืกืชื•ืจื™ืช ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ืžื—ืœืช ื”ื›ื‘ื“
00:28
has seriously affected over a thousand young children
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ื”ืฉืคื™ืขื” ืงืฉื•ืช ืขืœ ืœืžืขืœื” ืžืืœืฃ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื
00:32
from 35 countries across the world.
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ืž-35 ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื.
00:36
Until now, nobody knew why. But scientists in the UK
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ืขื“ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืœื ื™ื“ืข ืœืžื”. ืื‘ืœ ืžื“ืขื ื™ื ื‘ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื ื™ื”
00:42
say the likely cause is two common viruses which came back after the Covid
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ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจื” ื”ื™ื ืฉื ื™ ื•ื™ืจื•ืกื™ื ื ืคื•ืฆื™ื ืฉื—ื–ืจื• ืœืื—ืจ
00:49
lockdowns ended.
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ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื ืขื™ืœื” ืฉืœ ืงื•ื‘ื™ื“.
00:52
Beth, you've been looking at the headlines.
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ื‘ืช', ื”ืกืชื›ืœืช ืขืœ ื”ื›ื•ืชืจื•ืช.
00:55
What's the vocabulary?
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ืžื” ืื•ืฆืจ ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื?
00:56
We have 'get to the bottom of', 'culprit', and 'constellation'.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• 'ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืชื—ืชื™ืช ', 'ืืฉื' ื•'ืงื•ื ืกื˜ืœืฆื™ื”'.
01:01
This is News Review from BBC Learning English.
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืกืงื™ืจืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœ BBC Learning English.
01:09
Let's have a look at our first headline. This one comes
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ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืœื ื• . ื–ื” ืžื’ื™ืข
01:13
from The Sun.
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ืžื”ืฉืžืฉ.
01:22
We're looking at 'get to the bottom of' something.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืกืชื›ืœื™ื ืขืœ 'ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืชื—ืชื™ืช ' ืžืฉื”ื•.
01:25
And this is about discovering the truth, isn't it?
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ื•ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื›ืืŸ ื‘ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ื”ืืžืช, ืœื?
01:28
Yeah. That's right.
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ื›ึผึตืŸ. ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ.
01:29
If we get to the bottom of something, we find out the cause
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ืื ื ื’ื™ืข ืœืขื•ืžืงื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉื”ื•, ื ื’ืœื” ืืช ื”ืกื™ื‘ื”
01:33
of a particular situation.
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ืœืžืฆื‘ ืžืกื•ื™ื.
01:34
So in the headline,
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ืื– ื‘ื›ื•ืชืจืช,
01:36
the mystery illness is the thing that people don't understand.
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ืžื—ืœืช ื”ืžืกืชื•ืจื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ืœื ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื.
01:40
But scientists have been investigating. They're trying to get to the bottom of it.
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ืื‘ืœ ืžื“ืขื ื™ื ื—ืงืจื•. ื”ื ืžื ืกื™ื ืœืจื“ืช ืœืขื•ืžืงื•.
01:45
Now, obviously, disease is a really serious matter.
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉืžื—ืœื” ื”ื™ื ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืจืฆื™ื ื™ ื‘ืืžืช.
01:49
Is this expression only for serious things?
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ื”ืื ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืจืง ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืจืฆื™ื ื™ื™ื?
01:52
Well, not always serious problems,
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืœื ืชืžื™ื“ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืจืฆื™ื ื™ื•ืช,
01:55
but certainly negative situations.
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ืžืฆื‘ื™ื ืฉืœื™ืœื™ื™ื.
01:57
So the police would try to get to the bottom of a crime.
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ืื– ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ืชื ืกื” ืœืจื“ืช ืœืขื•ืžืงื• ืฉืœ ืคืฉืข.
02:00
Yeah. And now a crime is both negative and serious.
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ื›ึผึตืŸ. ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืคืฉืข ื”ื•ื ืฉืœื™ืœื™ ื•ื—ืžื•ืจ ื›ืื—ื“.
02:04
Yeah, but we could also say
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ื›ืŸ, ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ื’ื ืœื•ืžืจ
02:07
'someone stole my pen', which is obviously negative, but not so serious.
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'ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื’ื ื‘ ืœื™ ืืช ื”ืขื˜', ื•ื–ื” ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืฉืœื™ืœื™, ืื‘ืœ ืœื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื—ืžื•ืจ.
02:12
I'm trying to get to the bottom of it.
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ืื ื™ ืžื ืกื” ืœืจื“ืช ืœืขื•ืžืงื•.
02:14
Yeah. Well, I've seen Beth's pen,
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ื›ึผึตืŸ. ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืจืื™ืชื™ ืืช ื”ืขื˜ ืฉืœ ื‘ืช'
02:17
and it's really not serious.
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ื•ื–ื” ืžืžืฉ ืœื ืจืฆื™ื ื™.
02:18
I can tell you. But anyway,
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ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืกืคืจ ืœืš. ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงืจื”,
02:20
you might want to get to the bottom of it.
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ืื•ืœื™ ื›ื“ืื™ ืœืš ืœืจื“ืช ืœืขื•ืžืงื•.
02:23
How formal or informal is this expression? It's informal,
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ืขื“ ื›ืžื” ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื”ื–ื” ืจืฉืžื™ ืื• ืœื ืจืฉืžื™ ? ื–ื” ืœื ืจืฉืžื™,
02:27
so you can use it in conversation, and you wouldn't really see it in official reports.
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ืื– ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื• ื‘ืฉื™ื—ื”, ื•ืœื ื‘ืืžืช ืชืจืื” ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื™ื ืจืฉืžื™ื™ื.
02:33
OK. Well, I'm glad we've got to the bottom of that piece of vocabulary.
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ. ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืื ื™ ืฉืžื— ืฉื”ื’ืขื ื• ืœืชื—ืชื™ืช ืื•ืฆืจ ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ื”ื–ื”.
02:37
Let's have a look, one more time.
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ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืกืชื›ืœ, ืขื•ื“ ืคืขื ืื—ืช.
02:46
Now, let's have our next headline, please.
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื‘ื•ืื• ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ื‘ืื” ืฉืœื ื• , ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื”.
02:48
This one comes from the Mail.
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ื–ื” ืžื’ื™ืข ืžื”ื“ื•ืืจ.
02:58
Well, it's a long headline,
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื–ื• ื›ื•ืชืจืช ืืจื•ื›ื”,
03:01
but we're looking at one word in particular.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืกืชื›ืœื™ื ืขืœ ืžื™ืœื” ืื—ืช ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“.
03:04
And it is 'culprit'.
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ื•ื–ื” 'ืืฉื'.
03:07
Are you a fan of crime drama, Beth?
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ื”ืื ืืช ืžืขืจื™ืฆื” ืฉืœ ื“ืจืžืช ืคืฉืข, ื‘ืช'?
03:09
I love a good crime drama.
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ืื ื™ ืื•ื”ื‘ ื“ืจืžืช ืคืฉืข ื˜ื•ื‘ื”.
03:11
OK, so you will know that the culprit is the person who committed the crime.
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ, ืื– ืชื“ืข ืฉื”ืืฉื ื”ื•ื ื”ืื“ื ืฉื‘ื™ืฆืข ืืช ื”ืคืฉืข.
03:16
Yes. Detectives look for the culprit.
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ื›ืŸ. ื”ื‘ืœืฉื™ื ืžื—ืคืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ืืฉื.
03:19
But in this headline,
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ื–ื•,
03:20
we are not talking about a person that is guilty of a crime.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืื“ื ืฉืืฉื ื‘ืคืฉืข.
03:24
But, actually, the cause of a bad situation.
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ืื‘ืœ, ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืœืžืฆื‘ ืจืข.
03:27
So, the culprit is not only a person.
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ืื–, ื”ืืฉื ื”ื•ื ืœื ืจืง ืื“ื.
03:30
That's right. So, for example, we can say that the wildfires
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ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ. ืื–, ืœืžืฉืœ, ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ืฉืจื™ืคื•ืช
03:34
that we've been seeing recently.
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ืฉืจืื™ื ื• ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื”.
03:36
They have been caused by heatwaves,
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ื”ื ื ื’ืจืžื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื’ืœื™ ื—ื•ื,
03:37
and scientists say that climate change is the culprit.
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ื•ืžื“ืขื ื™ื ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ืืงืœื™ื ื”ื•ื ื”ืืฉื.
03:41
Yeah. Now, culprit, crime - it all sounds very formal.
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ื›ึผึตืŸ. ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืืฉื, ืคืฉืข - ื”ื›ืœ ื ืฉืžืข ืžืื•ื“ ืจืฉืžื™.
03:46
Is it formal? Always?
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ื”ืื ื–ื” ืคื•ืจืžืœื™? ืชืžื™ื“?
03:48
Well, it is and it isn't.
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื–ื” ื›ืŸ ื•ื–ื” ืœื.
03:50
It kind of depends on the context,
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ื–ื” ื“ื™ ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ,
03:52
like so many of these things.
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ื›ืžื• ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื”.
03:54
So, if you saw in an official report of a serious crime, then,
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ืื– ืื ืจืื™ืช ื‘ื“ื•ื— ืจืฉืžื™ ืฉืœ ืคืฉืข ื—ืžื•ืจ, ืื–
03:58
of course it's formal.
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ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืฉื–ื” ืจืฉืžื™.
03:59
But, we can also use it for not so serious situations - like more informal.
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ืื‘ืœ, ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื• ื’ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžืฆื‘ื™ื ืœื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืจืฆื™ื ื™ื™ื - ื›ืžื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื ืคื•ืจืžืœื™.
04:04
Yeah. And it's used as a kind of exaggeration to make it kind of funny
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ื›ึผึตืŸ. ื•ื–ื” ืžืฉืžืฉ ื›ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ ื”ื’ื–ืžื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฆื—ื™ืง ืืช
04:08
that saying that something, someone is a culprit when it's just not that serious.
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ื–ื” ืฉืื•ืžืจื™ื ืžืฉื”ื•, ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื”ื•ื ืืฉื ื›ืฉื–ื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœื ื›ื–ื” ืจืฆื™ื ื™.
04:14
True, true. like this pen that I stole. ย 
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ืืžืช ืืžืช. ื›ืžื• ื”ืขื˜ ื”ื–ื” ืฉื’ื ื‘ืชื™.
04:19
Right. Let's look at that again.
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ื™ืžื™ืŸ. ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื–ื” ืฉื•ื‘.
04:29
Let's have the next headline, then, please.
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ืื– ื‘ื•ื ื ืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ื‘ืื”, ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื”.
04:31
This one is from The Scientist.
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ื–ื” ืžื”ืžื“ืขืŸ.
04:40
According to preprints, preprints are a kind of academic scientific research paper,
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ืขืœ ืคื™ ื˜ื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ืžื•ืงื“ืžื•ืช, ื˜ืจื•ื ื˜ื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ื”ืŸ ืžืขื™ืŸ ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ืžื—ืงืจ ืžื“ืขื™ืช ืืงื“ืžื™ืช,
04:46
there are many related causes for this liver disease in children
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ื™ืฉื ืŸ ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื•ืช ืœืžื—ืœืช ื›ื‘ื“ ื–ื• ื‘ื™ืœื“ื™ื.
04:50
In fact, what they call a constellation.
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืžื” ืฉื”ื ืžื›ื ื™ื ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื. ืื‘ืœ ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช
04:53
A constellation is a group of stars, though, Beth.
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ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื ื”ื™ื ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืฉืœ ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื, ื‘ืช'.
04:56
So what's the connection?
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ืื– ืžื” ื”ืงืฉืจ?
04:58
Yeah. You're right. So a constellation is a group
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ื›ึผึตืŸ. ืืชื” ืฆื•ื“ืง. ืื– ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื ื”ื™ื ืงื‘ื•ืฆื”
05:01
of stars that form a pattern. For example,
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ืฉืœ ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื ื”ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืชื‘ื ื™ืช. ืœืžืฉืœ,
05:04
everyone knows 'The Plough'. That's the one
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ื›ื•ืœื ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื ืืช 'ื”ืžื—ืจืฉื”'. ื–ื” ื–ื”
05:06
that looks like a giant spoon.
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ืฉื ืจืื” ื›ืžื• ื›ืคื™ืช ืขื ืงื™ืช.
05:08
Yeah. And 'Orion'.
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ื›ึผึตืŸ. ื•'ืื•ืจื™ื•ืŸ'.
05:10
That's the one with the stars that make up the belt. But constellation
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ื–ื” ื–ื” ืขื ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื ืฉืžืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ื—ื’ื•ืจื”. ืื‘ืœ
05:14
here is not being used to talk about stars.
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ื›ืืŸ ืœื ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื.
05:18
It's to say that there is a group of things that are very similar.
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ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืžืื•ื“ ื“ื•ืžื™ื.
05:22
And, of course, stars in a constellation look very similar to us.
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ื•ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืงื•ื ืกื˜ืœืฆื™ื” ื ืจืื™ื ืžืื•ื“ ื“ื•ืžื™ื ืœื ื•.
05:26
And that's the connection. Exactly. Yeah.
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ื•ื–ื” ื”ืงืฉืจ. ื‘ึผึฐื“ึดื™ื•ึผืง. ื›ึผึตืŸ.
05:28
So in the headline,
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ืื– ื‘ื›ื•ืชืจืช,
05:29
they are suggesting
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ื”ื ืžืฆื™ืขื™ื
05:30
that there's a group of similar things that are causing this illness.
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ืฉื™ืฉ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื“ื•ืžื™ื ืฉื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืœืžื—ืœื” ื”ื–ื•.
05:35
Now, let's have a look at the pronunciation
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ื›ืขืช, ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื”ื”ื’ื™ื™ื”
05:37
of this word 'constellation'. Four syllables.
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ืฉืœ ื”ืžื™ืœื” ื”ื–ื• 'ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื'. ืืจื‘ืข ื”ื‘ืจื•ืช.
05:40
But where's the stress? con-ste-LLA-tion.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื™ืคื” ื”ืœื—ืฅ? ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื.
05:43
It's on the third syllable. 'Constellation'.
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ื–ื” ื‘ื”ื‘ืจื” ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช. 'ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื'.
05:46
OK, let's look at that again.
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ, ื‘ื•ื ื ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื–ื” ืฉื•ื‘.
05:55
We've had 'get to the bottom of' -
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ื”ื™ื” ืœื ื• 'ืœืœื›ืช ืœืขื•ืžืง' -
05:56
find out what happened.
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ื’ืœื” ืžื” ืงืจื”.
05:58
'Culprits' - who or what is responsible
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'ืืฉืžื™ื' - ืžื™ ืื• ืžื” ืื—ืจืื™
06:02
for something bad happening.
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ืฉืžืฉื”ื• ืจืข ืงื•ืจื”.
06:03
And it's not just used for crime dramas. And 'constellation' -
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ื•ื–ื” ืœื ืžืฉืžืฉ ืจืง ืœื“ืจืžื•ืช ืคืฉืข. ื•'ืงื•ื ืกื˜ืœืฆื™ื”' -
06:07
a group of things that are related.
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ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืงืฉื•ืจื™ื.
06:10
Don't forget there's a quiz on our website
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ืืœ ืชืฉื›ื— ืฉื™ืฉ ื—ื™ื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืืชืจ ืฉืœื ื•
06:13
www.bbclearningenglish.com Thank you for joining us,
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www.bbclearningenglish.com ืชื•ื“ื” ืฉื”ืฆื˜ืจืคืช ืืœื™ื ื•,
06:16
and goodbye. Bye.
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ื•ืœื”ืชืจืื•ืช. ื‘ื™ื™.
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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