Afghanistan: Taliban retake Kabul: BBC News Review

121,762 views ใƒป 2021-08-17

BBC Learning English


ูŠุฑุฌู‰ ุงู„ู†ู‚ุฑ ู†ู‚ุฑู‹ุง ู…ุฒุฏูˆุฌู‹ุง ููˆู‚ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุฃุฏู†ุงู‡ ู„ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ. ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุชุฑุฌู…ุฉ ุชุชู… ุชุฑุฌู…ุชู‡ุง ุขู„ูŠู‹ุง.

00:00
In Afghanistan, the Taliban have retaken Kabul after twenty years.
0
560
4720
ููŠ ุฃูุบุงู†ุณุชุงู† ุŒ ุงุณุชุนุงุฏุช ุทุงู„ุจุงู† ุงู„ุณูŠุทุฑุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ูƒุงุจูˆู„ ุจุนุฏ ุนุดุฑูŠู† ุนุงู…ู‹ุง.
00:05
I'm Catherine. This is News Review from BBC Learning English
1
5280
3360
ุฃู†ุง ูƒุงุซุฑูŠู†. ู‡ุฐุง News Review ู…ู† BBC Learning English
00:08
and today, joining me is Roy. Hello Roy.
2
8640
3400
ูˆุงู„ูŠูˆู… ุŒ ูŠู†ุถู… ุฅู„ูŠ ุฑูˆูŠ. ู…ุฑุญุจุง ุฑูˆูŠ.
00:12
Hello Catherine and hello everyone. If you would like to take a quiz
3
12040
4120
ู…ุฑุญุจุง ูƒุงุซุฑูŠู† ูˆู…ุฑุญุจุง ุจุงู„ุฌู…ูŠุน. ุฅุฐุง ูƒู†ุช ุชุฑุบุจ ููŠ ุฅุฌุฑุงุก ุงุฎุชุจุงุฑ ู‚ุตูŠุฑ
00:16
on the vocabulary around this story, head to our website
4
16160
3640
ุญูˆู„ ุงู„ู…ูุฑุฏุงุช ุงู„ู…ุชุนู„ู‚ุฉ ุจู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู‚ุตุฉ ุŒ ูุชูˆุฌู‡ ุฅู„ู‰ ู…ูˆู‚ุนู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ูˆูŠุจ
00:19
bbclearningenglish.com to take a quiz.
5
19800
4240
bbclearningenglish.com ู„ุฅุฌุฑุงุก ุงุฎุชุจุงุฑ.
00:24
Now, let's hear more about this story from this BBC News report:
6
24040
4560
ุงู„ุขู† ุŒ ุฏุนู†ุง ู†ุณู…ุน ุงู„ู…ุฒูŠุฏ ุนู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู‚ุตุฉ ู…ู† ุชู‚ุฑูŠุฑ ุจูŠ ุจูŠ ุณูŠ ู†ูŠูˆุฒ:
00:48
The Taliban have retaken the Afghan capital of Kabul,
7
48920
3560
ุงุณุชุนุงุฏุช ุทุงู„ุจุงู† ุงู„ุนุงุตู…ุฉ ุงู„ุฃูุบุงู†ูŠุฉ ูƒุงุจูˆู„ ุŒ
00:52
twenty years after they were removed.
8
52480
2800
ุจุนุฏ ุนุดุฑูŠู† ุนุงู…ู‹ุง ู…ู† ุฅุฒุงู„ุชู‡ุง.
00:55
The President has left the country and people are trying to evacuate.
9
55280
5680
ุบุงุฏุฑ ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณ ุงู„ุจู„ุงุฏ ูˆุงู„ู†ุงุณ ูŠุญุงูˆู„ูˆู† ุงู„ุฅุฎู„ุงุก.
01:00
Thank you, Roy. And you've been looking
10
60960
1840
ุดูƒุฑุง ู„ูƒ ุฑูˆูŠ. ูˆูƒู†ุช ุชู†ุธุฑ
01:02
at the headlines around this story.
11
62800
1520
ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุนู†ุงูˆูŠู† ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠุฉ ุญูˆู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู‚ุตุฉ.
01:04
You have three words and expressions for us today, don't you?
12
64320
3560
ู„ุฏูŠูƒ ุซู„ุงุซ ูƒู„ู…ุงุช ูˆุนุจุงุฑุงุช ู„ู†ุง ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ุŒ ุฃู„ูŠุณ ูƒุฐู„ูƒุŸ
01:07
What are they?
13
67880
1080
ู…ุง ู‡ู…ุŸ
01:08
We have: 'brace', 'engulfs' and 'sweep'.
14
68960
5800
ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง: "ุฏุนุงู…ุฉ" ูˆ " ุชุจุชู„ุน" ูˆ "ุงูƒุชุณุงุญ".
01:14
'Brace', 'engulfs' and 'sweep'. So, your first headline please.
15
74760
5440
"ุฏุนุงู…ุฉ" ูˆ "ุชุจุชู„ุน" ูˆ "ุงูƒุชุณุงุญ". ู„ุฐุง ุŒ ุนู†ูˆุงู†ูƒ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ู…ู† ูุถู„ูƒ.
01:20
Yes, my first headline comes from the UK,
16
80200
2680
ู†ุนู… ุŒ ูŠุฃุชูŠ ุฃูˆู„ ุนู†ูˆุงู† ู„ูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ู…ู„ูƒุฉ ุงู„ู…ุชุญุฏุฉ ุŒ
01:22
from the Financial Times, and it reads:
17
82880
3760
ู…ู† Financial Times ุŒ ูˆู†ุตู‡:
01:32
'Brace' โ€“ prepare for something difficult.
18
92960
2360
"Brace" - ุงุณุชุนุฏ ู„ุดูŠุก ุตุนุจ.
01:35
Now Roy, what can you tell us about 'brace'?
19
95320
2560
ุงู„ุขู† ุฑูˆูŠ ุŒ ู…ุงุฐุง ูŠู…ูƒู†ูƒ ุฃู† ุชุฎุจุฑู†ุง ุนู† "ุงู„ุฏุนุงู…ุฉ"ุŸ
01:37
Right. OK. So, this word is spelt: B-R-A-C-E.
20
97880
5760
ูŠู…ูŠู†. ู†ุนู…. ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุŒ ูŠุชู… ุชู‡ุฌุฆุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุฉ: B-R-A-C-E.
01:43
Now, Catherine, when you heard about
21
103640
2280
ุงู„ุขู† ุŒ ูƒุงุซุฑูŠู† ุŒ ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ุณู…ุนุช ุนู†
01:45
the UK having a third lockdown, how did you feel?
22
105920
4720
ุฅุบู„ุงู‚ ุงู„ู…ู…ู„ูƒุฉ ุงู„ู…ุชุญุฏุฉ ู„ู„ู…ุฑุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซุฉ ุŒ ูƒูŠู ุดุนุฑุชุŸ
01:50
Urgh... well, you know, I thought, 'Here we go again...
23
110640
3840
Urgh ... ุญุณู†ู‹ุง ุŒ ูƒู…ุง ุชุนู„ู… ุŒ ููƒุฑุช ุŒ 'ู‡ุง ู†ุญู† ู†ุนูŠุฏ ู…ุฑุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ...
01:54
another lockdown. Oh, it's going to be difficult.
24
114480
2840
ุฅุบู„ุงู‚ ุขุฎุฑ. ุฃูˆู‡ ุŒ ุณูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑ ุตุนุจู‹ุง.
01:57
I'm going to have to get myself mentally prepared.'
25
117320
3680
ุณุฃุถุทุฑ ุฅู„ู‰ ุฅุนุฏุงุฏ ู†ูุณูŠ ุฐู‡ู†ูŠู‹ุง.
02:01
So, I had a little talk with myself, I bought some extra chocolates,
26
121000
4160
ู„ุฐุง ุŒ ุชุญุฏุซุช ู‚ู„ูŠู„ุงู‹ ู…ุน ู†ูุณูŠ ุŒ ูˆุงุดุชุฑูŠุช ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุดูˆูƒูˆู„ุงุชุฉ ุงู„ุฅุถุงููŠุฉ ุŒ
02:05
and, sort of, nice jogging trousers and I got ready to stay at home.
27
125160
4520
ูˆุณุฑุงูˆูŠู„ ุงู„ุฑูƒุถ ุงู„ู„ุทูŠูุฉ ู†ูˆุนู‹ุง ู…ุง ูˆุงุณุชุนุฏุช ู„ู„ุจู‚ุงุก ููŠ ุงู„ู…ู†ุฒู„.
02:09
So, I got myself โ€“ mentally, I made myself feel really strong
28
129680
3680
ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุŒ ุญุตู„ุช ุนู„ู‰ ู†ูุณูŠ - ุนู‚ู„ูŠู‹ุง ุŒ ุฌุนู„ุช ู†ูุณูŠ ุฃุดุนุฑ ุจุงู„ู‚ูˆุฉ ุญู‚ู‹ุง
02:13
and decided I'm going to power through this lockdown.
29
133360
3360
ูˆู‚ุฑุฑุช ุฃู†ู†ูŠ ุณุฃุตู„ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุณู„ุทุฉ ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฅุบู„ุงู‚.
02:16
So, I had to really strengthen myself mentally.
30
136720
2400
ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุŒ ูƒุงู† ุนู„ูŠ ุญู‚ู‹ุง ุฃู† ุฃู‚ูˆูŠ ู†ูุณูŠ ุนู‚ู„ูŠู‹ุง.
02:19
So... Exactly. So, you 'braced' yourself mentally:
31
139120
4400
ุฐู„ูƒ ุจุงู„ุถุจุท. ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุŒ "ุงุณุชุนุฏุช" ุนู‚ู„ูŠู‹ุง: ู„ู‚ุฏ
02:23
you prepared yourself for an unpleasant or difficult situation.
32
143520
4640
ุฃุนุฏุช ู†ูุณูƒ ู„ู…ูˆู‚ู ุบูŠุฑ ุณุงุฑ ุฃูˆ ุตุนุจ.
02:28
And notice there as well โ€“ I said, 'Brace yourself.'
33
148160
2280
ูˆู„ุงุญุธ ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุฃูŠุถู‹ุง - ู‚ู„ุช ุŒ "ุงุณุชุนุฏูˆุง."
02:30
We commonly use it with words like 'brace myself', 'brace himself',
34
150440
3360
ู†ุณุชุฎุฏู…ู‡ุง ุนุงุฏุฉ ุจูƒู„ู…ุงุช ู…ุซู„ "ุงุณุชุนุฏ ู„ู†ูุณูŠ" ุŒ "ุงุณุชุนุฏ ู„ู†ูุณูƒ" ุŒ
02:33
'brace themselves' to talk about preparing for that negative situation.
35
153800
5560
"ุงุณุชุนุฏ ู„ู†ูุณูƒ" ู„ู„ุญุฏูŠุซ ุนู† ุงู„ุงุณุชุนุฏุงุฏ ู„ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูˆู‚ู ุงู„ุณู„ุจูŠ.
02:39
So... so, is it only about mental preparation.
36
159360
2840
ุฅุฐู† ... ุฅุฐู† ุŒ ูŠุชุนู„ู‚ ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑ ูู‚ุท ุจุงู„ุชุญุถูŠุฑ ุงู„ุนู‚ู„ูŠ.
02:42
It's just about, kind of, your... your own self and feelings.
37
162200
3560
ุฅู†ู‡ ู…ุฌุฑุฏ ู†ูˆุน ู…ู† ... ุฐุงุชูƒ ูˆู…ุดุงุนุฑูƒ.
02:45
No... no. It can also be used about 'bracing' yourself for a negative...
38
165760
5400
ู„ุง ู„ุง. ูŠู…ูƒู† ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู…ู‡ ุฃูŠุถู‹ุง ุญูˆู„ "ุชุฏุนูŠู…" ู†ูุณูƒ ู„ุดูŠุก ุณู„ุจูŠ ...
02:51
'bracing' your body for... For example, if you go on a plane,
39
171160
3080
02:54
they quite commonly read those instructions where they say,
40
174240
3440
02:57
'In the event of an accident,
41
177680
1920
ุญุงุฏุซ ุŒ ู…ู†
02:59
please โ€“ you know, you put your hands behind your head, I think โ€“
42
179600
2200
ูุถู„ูƒ - ูƒู…ุง ุชุนู„ู… ุŒ ุชุถุน ูŠุฏูŠูƒ ุฎู„ู ุฑุฃุณูƒ ุŒ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุง ุฃุนุชู‚ุฏ -
03:01
and you 'brace' yourself for impact, or 'brace for impact'.
43
181800
4000
ูˆุฃู†ุช "ุชุณุชุนุฏ" ู„ู„ุชุฃุซูŠุฑ ุŒ ุฃูˆ "ุชุณุชุนุฏ ู„ู„ุชุฃุซูŠุฑ".
03:05
Yeah... OK. And what about โ€“ is it only for people?
44
185800
2680
ู†ุนู… ู…ูˆุงูู‚. ูˆู…ุงุฐุง ุนู† - ู‡ู„ ู‡ูˆ ูู‚ุท ู„ู„ู†ุงุณุŸ
03:08
Can you brace things?
45
188480
2000
ู‡ู„ ูŠู…ูƒู†ูƒ ุฃู† ุชุณุชุนุฏ ู„ู„ุฃุดูŠุงุกุŸ
03:10
Yeah, yeah. It's a little bit different;
46
190480
2080
ู†ุนู… ู†ุนู…. ุงู†ู‡ุง ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ู‚ู„ูŠู„ุง.
03:12
for example, if you have a weakened wall in your house โ€“
47
192560
3840
ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ุŒ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ู„ุฏูŠูƒ ุฌุฏุงุฑ ุถุนูŠู ููŠ ู…ู†ุฒู„ูƒ -
03:16
maybe you're having some renovations and you notice that
48
196400
2280
ุฑุจู…ุง ูŠูƒูˆู† ู„ุฏูŠูƒ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุชุฌุฏูŠุฏุงุช ูˆู„ุงุญุธุช ุฃู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ
03:18
a wall is weak or some posts in the garden โ€“ maybe want to 'brace' that.
49
198680
4880
ุฌุฏุงุฑู‹ุง ุถุนูŠูู‹ุง ุฃูˆ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุฃุนู…ุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุฏูŠู‚ุฉ - ูุฑุจู…ุง ุชุฑูŠุฏ "ุชุฏุนูŠู…" ุฐู„ูƒ.
03:23
You want to support that. So, we use maybe a piece of wood
50
203560
3120
ุชุฑูŠุฏ ุฏุนู… ุฐู„ูƒ. ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุŒ ุฑุจู…ุง ู†ุณุชุฎุฏู… ู‚ุทุนุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฎุดุจ
03:26
or metal to reinforce the structure to support it and 'brace' it.
51
206680
5720
ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู…ุนุฏู† ู„ุชู‚ูˆูŠุฉ ุงู„ู‡ูŠูƒู„ ู„ุฏุนู…ู‡ ูˆ "ุฏุนุงุฆู…ู‡".
03:32
OK. And what about 'braces' on people's teeth?
52
212400
2960
ู†ุนู…. ูˆู…ุงุฐุง ุนู† "ุชู‚ูˆูŠู… ุงู„ุฃุณู†ุงู†" ุนู„ู‰ ุฃุณู†ุงู† ุงู„ู†ุงุณุŸ
03:35
I've heard them using that expression.
53
215360
1920
ุณู…ุนุชู‡ู… ูŠุณุชุฎุฏู…ูˆู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุชุนุจูŠุฑ.
03:37
Yeah, slightly different. It's those metal things that we put on our teeth
54
217280
4920
ู†ุนู… ุŒ ู…ุฎุชู„ู ู‚ู„ูŠู„ุงู‹. ุฅู†ู‡ุง ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ุฃุดูŠุงุก ุงู„ู…ุนุฏู†ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ู†ุถุนู‡ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุฃุณู†ุงู†ู†ุง
03:42
and it's used to support and correct their positions.
55
222200
4160
ูˆุชุณุชุฎุฏู… ู„ุฏุนู… ูˆุชุตุญูŠุญ ุฃูˆุถุงุนู‡ุง.
03:46
Thank you. Let's get a summary of that please:
56
226360
3080
ุดูƒุฑู‹ุง ู„ูƒ. ุฏุนู†ุง ู†ุญุตู„ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ู„ุฎุต ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ู…ู† ูุถู„ูƒ:
03:56
So, talking about difficult situations that we need to 'brace' for,
57
236720
3880
ุฅุฐู† ุŒ ุจุงู„ุญุฏูŠุซ ุนู† ุงู„ู…ูˆุงู‚ู ุงู„ุตุนุจุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ู†ุญุชุงุฌ ุฅู„ู‰ "ุงู„ุงุณุชุนุฏุงุฏ" ู„ู‡ุง ุŒ
04:00
we have a programme about the climate emergency, don't we, Roy?
58
240600
3120
ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง ุจุฑู†ุงู…ุฌ ุญูˆู„ ุญุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ุทูˆุงุฑุฆ ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุฎูŠุฉ ุŒ ุฃู„ูŠุณ ูƒุฐู„ูƒ ุฑูˆูŠุŸ
04:03
Where can we find that?
59
243720
1920
ุฃูŠู† ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู† ู†ุฌุฏ ุฐู„ูƒุŸ
04:05
All you need to do is click the link beneath.
60
245640
3760
ูƒู„ ู…ุง ุนู„ูŠูƒ ูุนู„ู‡ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู†ู‚ุฑ ููˆู‚ ุงู„ุงุฑุชุจุงุท ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุฃุณูู„ู‡.
04:09
And your second headline please.
61
249400
2240
ูˆุงู„ุนู†ูˆุงู† ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุงู„ุฎุงุต ุจูƒ ู…ู† ูุถู„ูƒ.
04:11
Yes. My second headline comes from Reuters and it reads:
62
251640
5640
ู†ุนู…. ุนู†ูˆุงู†ูŠ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ูŠุฃุชูŠ ู…ู† ุฑูˆูŠุชุฑุฒ ูˆู†ุตู‡:
04:23
'Engulfs' โ€“ affects powerfully; overwhelms.
63
263880
4720
"ุงู„ุงุจุชู„ุงุน" - ูŠุคุซุฑ ุจู‚ูˆุฉ ุ› ูŠุบู…ุฑ.
04:28
Yes. So, 'engulfs' is spelt: E-N-G-U-L-F-S.
64
268600
7600
ู†ุนู…. ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุŒ ูŠุชู… ุชู‡ุฌุฆุฉ ูƒู„ู…ุฉ "engulfs" : E-N-G-U-L-F-S.
04:36
And it basically means that a place
65
276200
2320
ูˆู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ุฃุณุงุณ ุฃู† ู…ูƒุงู†ู‹ุง
04:38
or a person has been almost overwhelmed by a negative situation.
66
278520
5000
ุฃูˆ ุดุฎุตู‹ุง ู‚ุฏ ุบู…ุฑู‡ ู…ูˆู‚ู ุณู„ุจูŠ ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง.
04:43
So, in the state of the headline โ€“ in the case of the headline โ€“
67
283520
3080
ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุŒ ููŠ ุญุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ุนู†ูˆุงู† ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠ - ููŠ ุญุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ุนู†ูˆุงู† -
04:46
it's saying that chaos has 'engulfed' the airport,
68
286600
3040
ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ุฃู† ุงู„ููˆุถู‰ ู‚ุฏ "ุงุฌุชุงุญุช" ุงู„ู…ุทุงุฑ ุŒ
04:49
which means there's people running around shouting,
69
289640
3000
ู…ู…ุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุฃุดุฎุงุตู‹ุง ูŠุฑูƒุถูˆู† ูˆูŠุตุฑุฎูˆู† ุŒ
04:52
nobody knows what's happening, no one knows who's in charge
70
292640
3320
ูˆู„ุง ุฃุญุฏ ูŠุนุฑู ู…ุง ูŠุญุฏุซ ุŒ ูˆู„ุง ุฃุญุฏ ูŠุนุฑู ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุณุคูˆู„
04:55
and there's a lot of panic.
71
295960
2040
ูˆู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุงู„ูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฐุนุฑ.
04:58
And it's happening everywhere, isn't it? It's just...
72
298000
1800
ูˆู‡ุฐุง ูŠุญุฏุซ ููŠ ูƒู„ ู…ูƒุงู† ุŒ ุฃู„ูŠุณ ูƒุฐู„ูƒุŸ ุฅู†ู‡ ูู‚ุท ...
04:59
it's not in, like, little... little parts of the airport.
73
299800
2840
ู„ูŠุณ ููŠ ุŒ ู…ุซู„ ุŒ ุฃุฌุฒุงุก ุตุบูŠุฑุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุทุงุฑ.
05:02
The idea of 'engulfs' means it's absolutely everywhere.
74
302640
2960
ุชุนู†ูŠ ููƒุฑุฉ "ุงู„ุงุจุชู„ุงุน" ุฃู†ู‡ุง ููŠ ูƒู„ ู…ูƒุงู† ุชู…ุงู…ู‹ุง. ููŠ
05:05
All over the airport. And if a person...
75
305600
3200
ุฌู…ูŠุน ุฃู†ุญุงุก ุงู„ู…ุทุงุฑ. ูˆุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุดุฎุต ...
05:08
it's โ€“ quite commonly we use it in the passive as well.
76
308800
2640
ูู‡ูˆ - ุจุดูƒู„ ุดุงุฆุน ู†ุณุชุฎุฏู…ู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุจู†ูŠ ู„ู„ู…ุฌู‡ูˆู„ ุฃูŠุถู‹ุง.
05:11
'He was engulfed', or 'they were engulfed',
77
311440
2280
"ู„ู‚ุฏ ุงุจุชู„ุนูˆุง" ุŒ ุฃูˆ "ุบูู…ุฑูˆุง" ุŒ
05:13
or 'the area was engulfed'.
78
313720
1960
ุฃูˆ "ุงู„ู…ู†ุทู‚ุฉ ุบูู…ุฑุช".
05:15
And do we say โ€“ what prepositions are we using then, with the passive?
79
315680
3120
ูˆู‡ู„ ู†ู‚ูˆู„ - ู…ุง ู‡ูŠ ุฃุญุฑู ุงู„ุฌุฑ ุงู„ุชูŠ ู†ุณุชุฎุฏู…ู‡ุง ุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒ ุŒ ู…ุน ุงู„ู…ุจู†ูŠ ู„ู„ู…ุฌู‡ูˆู„ุŸ
05:18
We commonly use it with 'in' or 'by'.
80
318800
2320
ู†ุญู† ู†ุณุชุฎุฏู…ู‡ุง ุจุดูƒู„ ุดุงุฆุน ู…ุน "in" ุฃูˆ "by".
05:21
So, you can be 'engulfed by' an emotion
81
321120
2280
ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุŒ ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู† "ุชุจุชู„ุนูƒ" ุนุงุทูุฉ
05:23
or you can be 'engulfed in' something.
82
323400
2320
ุฃูˆ ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู† "ุชู†ุบู…ุณ ููŠ" ุดูŠุก ู…ุง.
05:25
So, that's interesting; you're now talking about emotions rather than actions.
83
325720
3760
ู„ุฐุง ุŒ ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุซูŠุฑ ู„ู„ุงู‡ุชู…ุงู… ุ› ุฃู†ุช ุงู„ุขู† ุชุชุญุฏุซ ุนู† ุงู„ู…ุดุงุนุฑ ุจุฏู„ุงู‹ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃูุนุงู„.
05:29
The airport example was about, kind of, the physical situation,
84
329480
3720
ูƒุงู† ู…ุซุงู„ ุงู„ู…ุทุงุฑ ูŠุฏูˆุฑ ุญูˆู„ ุŒ ู†ูˆุนู‹ุง ู…ุง ุŒ ุงู„ูˆุถุน ุงู„ู…ุงุฏูŠ ุŒ
05:33
but you can also be 'engulfed' in or by an emotion, you're saying?
85
333200
4320
ูˆู„ูƒู† ูŠู…ูƒู†ูƒ ุฃูŠุถู‹ุง ุฃู† `` ุชู†ุบู…ุณ '' ุฃูˆ ุชู†ุบู…ุณ ููŠ ุนุงุทูุฉ ุŒ ูƒู…ุง ุชู‚ูˆู„ุŸ
05:37
Yeah. You can be 'engulfed' by fear. So, for example,
86
337520
2560
ู†ุนู…. ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู† "ูŠุจุชู„ุนูƒ" ุงู„ุฎูˆู. ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุŒ ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ุŒ
05:40
if something is too overwhelmingly frightening,
87
340080
3360
ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุดูŠุก ู…ุง ู…ุฎูŠู ู„ู„ุบุงูŠุฉ ุŒ
05:43
you can be just 'engulfed' by fear.
88
343440
3720
ููŠู…ูƒู†ูƒ ูู‚ุท ุฃู† "ูŠุจุชู„ุนูƒ" ุงู„ุฎูˆู.
05:47
So, that would mean, you know, you can't move,
89
347160
2000
ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุŒ ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุŒ ูƒู…ุง ุชุนู„ู…ูˆู† ุŒ ุฃู†ู‡ ู„ุง ูŠู…ูƒู†ูƒ ุงู„ุชุญุฑูƒ ุŒ
05:49
you can't talk to anybody, you're completely panicked,
90
349160
2560
ูˆู„ุง ูŠู…ูƒู†ูƒ ุงู„ุชุญุฏุซ ุฅู„ู‰ ุฃูŠ ุดุฎุต ุŒ ูˆุฃู†ุช ู…ุฐุนูˆุฑ ุชู…ุงู…ู‹ุง ุŒ
05:51
you can't think properly...
91
351720
1440
ูˆู„ุง ูŠู…ูƒู†ูƒ ุงู„ุชููƒูŠุฑ ุจุดูƒู„ ุตุญูŠุญ ...
05:53
Absolutley. ...because the fear is so strong
92
353160
1680
ุฃุจุณูˆู„ูˆุชู„ูŠ. ... ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ุฎูˆู ู‚ูˆูŠ ุฌุฏู‹ุง
05:54
and it's really taking over your entire person.
93
354840
3680
ูˆูŠุณุชูˆู„ูŠ ุญู‚ู‹ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุดุฎุตูƒ ุจุงู„ูƒุงู…ู„.
05:58
Absolutely. But it's not the only case that we use 'engulf'.
94
358520
3720
ู‚ุทุนุงู‹. ู„ูƒู†ู‡ุง ู„ูŠุณุช ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ูˆุญูŠุฏุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ู†ุณุชุฎุฏู… ููŠู‡ุง ูƒู„ู…ุฉ "ุงู„ุงุจุชู„ุงุน".
06:02
There is another meaning of 'engulf', which has this same idea
95
362240
2880
ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ู…ุนู†ู‰ ุขุฎุฑ ู„ู…ุตุทู„ุญ "ุงู„ุงุจุชู„ุงุน" ุŒ ูˆุงู„ุฐูŠ ู„ุฏูŠู‡ ู†ูุณ ููƒุฑุฉ
06:05
of being surrounded, or by... covered by something negative.
96
365120
4760
ูƒูˆู†ูƒ ู…ุญุงุทู‹ุง ุŒ ุฃูˆ ุจ ... ู…ุบุทู‰ ุจุดูŠุก ุณู„ุจูŠ.
06:09
For example, a building could be 'engulfed' in flames
97
369880
4000
ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ุŒ ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู† ` ` ุชุจุชู„ุน '' ุงู„ู†ูŠุฑุงู† ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุจู†ู‰
06:13
when it is completely on fire,
98
373880
2640
ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ุชุดุชุนู„ ููŠู‡ ุงู„ู†ูŠุฑุงู† ุชู…ุงู…ู‹ุง ุŒ
06:16
or an area or a country could be 'engulfed' by a snowstorm.
99
376520
4720
ุฃูˆ ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู† `` ุชุบู…ุฑ '' ู…ู†ุทู‚ุฉ ุฃูˆ ุจู„ุฏ ู…ุง ุจุนุงุตูุฉ ุซู„ุฌูŠุฉ. ู„ู‚ุฏ
06:21
We've just been talking about Greece. You know, isn't it โ€“
100
381240
2280
ุชุญุฏุซู†ุง ู„ู„ุชูˆ ุนู† ุงู„ูŠูˆู†ุงู†. ูƒู…ุง ุชุนู„ู…ูˆู† ุŒ ุฃู„ูŠุณ ูƒุฐู„ูƒ -
06:23
large parts of Greece are 'engulfed' in wildfires, right now.
101
383520
4440
ุฃุฌุฒุงุก ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ูŠูˆู†ุงู† "ุบุงุฑู‚ุฉ" ููŠ ุญุฑุงุฆู‚ ุงู„ุบุงุจุงุช ุŒ ุงู„ุขู†.
06:27
Yes, absolutely.
102
387960
1640
ู†ุนู… ุจุงู„ุชุงูƒูŠุฏ.
06:29
Thank you very much. Let's get a summary:
103
389600
3200
ุดูƒุฑุงู‹ ุฌุฒูŠู„ุงู‹. ุฏุนู†ุง ู†ุญุตู„ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ู„ุฎุต:
06:39
Yes. And talking of places being 'engulfed' in flames,
104
399440
3080
ู†ุนู…. ูˆุจุงู„ุญุฏูŠุซ ุนู† ุงู„ุฃู…ุงูƒู† ุงู„ุชูŠ "ุบู…ุฑุชู‡ุง" ุงู„ู†ูŠุฑุงู† ุŒ
06:42
we did cover the Notre Dame story, when Notre Dame Cathedral in France
105
402520
4520
ู‚ู…ู†ุง ุจุชุบุทูŠุฉ ู‚ุตุฉ ู†ูˆุชุฑุฏุงู… ุŒ ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ุงุดุชุนู„ุช ุงู„ู†ูŠุฑุงู† ููŠ ูƒุงุชุฏุฑุงุฆูŠุฉ ู†ูˆุชุฑุฏุงู… ููŠ ูุฑู†ุณุง
06:47
was 'engulfed' in flames. Roy, where can we find the video for that?
106
407040
4640
. ุฑูˆูŠ ุŒ ุฃูŠู† ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู† ู†ุฌุฏ ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ ุงู„ุฎุงุต ุจุฐู„ูƒุŸ
06:51
All you need to do is click the link below.
107
411680
3280
ูƒู„ ู…ุง ุนู„ูŠูƒ ูุนู„ู‡ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู†ู‚ุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฑุงุจุท ุฃุฏู†ุงู‡.
06:54
And now, let's have a look at our next headline.
108
414960
2560
ูˆุงู„ุขู† ุŒ ุฏุนูˆู†ุง ู†ู„ู‚ูŠ ู†ุธุฑุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุนู†ูˆุงู† ุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ.
06:57
Our next headline comes from Associated Press News and it reads:
109
417520
5400
ูŠุฃุชูŠ ุนู†ูˆุงู†ู†ุง ุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ู…ู† Associated Press News ูˆู‡ูˆ ูŠู‚ูˆู„:
07:10
'Sweep' โ€“ move powerfully and quickly.
110
430120
3440
"Sweep" - ุชุญุฑูƒ ุจู‚ูˆุฉ ูˆุจุณุฑุนุฉ.
07:13
Yes. So, this word is spelt: S-W-E-E-P.
111
433560
5480
ู†ุนู…. ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุŒ ูŠุชู… ุชู‡ุฌุฆุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุฉ : S-W-E-E-P.
07:19
Now, when you clean your house, Catherine โ€“
112
439040
2040
ุงู„ุขู† ุŒ ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ุชู‚ูˆู… ุจุชู†ุธูŠู ู…ู†ุฒู„ูƒ ุŒ ูƒุงุซุฑูŠู† -
07:21
now, I think this word is quite commonly used when talking about cleaning
113
441080
3000
ุงู„ุขู† ุŒ ุฃุนุชู‚ุฏ ุฃู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุฉ ุดุงุฆุนุฉ ุงู„ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ุญุฏูŠุซ ุนู† ุงู„ุชู†ุธูŠู
07:24
โ€“ how do you clean your house?
114
444080
1720
- ูƒูŠู ุชู†ุธู ู…ู†ุฒู„ูƒุŸ
07:25
Well, what I usually do is use a vacuum cleaner, but for the purposes
115
445800
4560
ุญุณู†ู‹ุง ุŒ ู…ุง ุฃูุนู„ู‡ ุนุงุฏุฉู‹ ู‡ูˆ ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ุงู„ู…ูƒู†ุณุฉ ุงู„ูƒู‡ุฑุจุงุฆูŠุฉ ุŒ ูˆู„ูƒู† ู„ุฃุบุฑุงุถ
07:30
of this programme, I'm going to tell you that I get a very...
116
450360
3840
ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุจุฑู†ุงู…ุฌ ุŒ ุณุฃุฎุจุฑูƒ ุฃู†ู†ูŠ ุฃุญุตู„ ุนู„ู‰
07:34
a small hand brush and I get down onto the floor
117
454200
4360
ูุฑุดุงุฉ ูŠุฏ ุตุบูŠุฑุฉ ุฌุฏู‹ุง ูˆุฃู†ุฒู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฃุฑุถ
07:38
and I move that brush slowly and very carefully around the floor,
118
458560
4280
ูˆุฃู‚ูˆู… ุจู†ู‚ู„ ุฐู„ูƒ ู‚ู… ุจุชู†ุธูŠู ุงู„ุฃุฑุถูŠุฉ ุจุจุทุก ูˆุญุฐุฑ ุดุฏูŠุฏ ุŒ
07:42
and I gather every tiny little piece of dust and dirt from the floor.
119
462840
6040
ูˆุฃุฌู…ุน ูƒู„ ู‚ุทุนุฉ ุตุบูŠุฑุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุบุจุงุฑ ูˆุงู„ุฃูˆุณุงุฎ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃุฑุถ.
07:48
So, I 'sweep' my floor with a brush.
120
468880
3080
ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุŒ ุฃู†ุง ุฃู‚ูˆู… ุจุชู†ุธูŠู ุฃุฑุถูŠ ุจูุฑุดุงุฉ.
07:51
Perfect. Now, obviously in the headline we're not talking
121
471960
3640
ู…ู…ุชุงุฒ. ุงู„ุขู† ุŒ ู…ู† ุงู„ูˆุงุถุญ ุฃู†ู†ุง ู„ุง ู†ุชุญุฏุซ ููŠ ุงู„ุนู†ูˆุงู† ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠ
07:55
about cleaning an airport, or cleaning an area,
122
475600
3200
ุนู† ุชู†ุธูŠู ู…ุทุงุฑ ุŒ ุฃูˆ ุชู†ุธูŠู ู…ู†ุทู‚ุฉ ุŒ
07:58
but in this sense it is a similar idea with that big movement.
123
478800
4160
ูˆู„ูƒู† ุจู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุนู†ู‰ ุŒ ูู‡ูŠ ููƒุฑุฉ ู…ู…ุงุซู„ุฉ ู„ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุงู„ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ.
08:02
And we usually talk about 'sweep' when a group of people
124
482960
4200
ูˆุนุงุฏุฉ ู…ุง ู†ุชุญุฏุซ ุนู† "ุงู„ูƒู†ุณ" ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ุชุชุญุฑูƒ ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃุดุฎุงุต
08:07
are moving into an area covering everything and...
125
487160
3720
ุฅู„ู‰ ู…ู†ุทู‚ุฉ ุชุบุทูŠ ูƒู„ ุดูŠุก ูˆ ...
08:10
Yeah, it's covering... they're not missing anything, are they?
126
490880
2600
ู†ุนู… ุŒ ุฅู†ู‡ุง ุชุบุทูŠ ... ู„ุง ูŠููˆุชูˆู† ุฃูŠ ุดูŠุก ุŒ ุฃู„ูŠุณ ูƒุฐู„ูƒุŸ
08:13
No. They're getting absolutely everything
127
493480
1920
ู„ุง ุŒ ุฅู†ู‡ู… ูŠุญุตู„ูˆู† ุนู„ู‰ ูƒู„ ุดูŠุก
08:15
and nothing... nothing escapes a 'sweep', does it?
128
495400
2880
ูˆู„ุง ุดูŠุก ... ู„ุง ุดูŠุก ูŠูู„ุช ู…ู† "ุงูƒุชุณุงุญ" ุŒ ุฃู„ูŠุณ ูƒุฐู„ูƒุŸ
08:18
Absolutely. And also, for example, it's not just about a group of people
129
498280
4400
ู‚ุทุนุงู‹. ูˆุฃูŠุถู‹ุง ุŒ ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ุŒ ู„ุง ูŠุชุนู„ู‚ ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑ ูู‚ุท ุจู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ู†ุงุณ
08:22
โ€“ maybe a government 'sweeps' into power,
130
502680
2800
- ุฑุจู…ุง ุชู‚ูˆู… ุญูƒูˆู…ุฉ "ุจุงู‚ุชุญุงู…" ุงู„ุณู„ุทุฉ ุŒ
08:25
which is a similar idea with talking about the Taliban here:
131
505480
3200
ูˆู‡ูŠ ููƒุฑุฉ ู…ู…ุงุซู„ุฉ ู„ู„ุญุฏูŠุซ ุนู† ุทุงู„ุจุงู† ู‡ู†ุง:
08:28
they are sweeping into power.
132
508680
2160
ุฅู†ู‡ู… ูŠูƒุชุณุญูˆู† ุงู„ุณู„ุทุฉ.
08:30
And that kind of means with, you know...
133
510840
1560
ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู†ูˆุน ู…ู† ุงู„ูˆุณุงุฆู„ ุŒ ูƒู…ุง ุชุนู„ู…ูˆู† ...
08:32
nothing can stop them, isn't it? Yeah.
134
512400
2360
ู„ุง ุดูŠุก ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู† ูŠูˆู‚ูู‡ู… ุŒ ุฃู„ูŠุณ ูƒุฐู„ูƒุŸ ู†ุนู….
08:34
It's the idea that it's complete, you know โ€“ this takeover of power.
135
514760
3040
ุฅู†ู‡ุง ููƒุฑุฉ ุฃู†ู‡ุง ูƒุงู…ู„ุฉ ุŒ ูƒู…ุง ุชุนู„ู…ูˆู† - ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุงุณุชูŠู„ุงุก ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุณู„ุทุฉ.
08:37
It's a large, quick and powerful movement.
136
517800
3320
ุฅู†ู‡ุง ุญุฑูƒุฉ ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ูˆุณุฑูŠุนุฉ ูˆู‚ูˆูŠุฉ. ู‡ู†ุงูƒ
08:41
Another way that we can use 'sweep'
137
521120
2000
ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ูŠู…ูƒู†ู†ุง ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ู‡ุง ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… "ุงูƒุชุณุงุญ"
08:43
is actually for a trend or something like this.
138
523120
2960
ูˆู‡ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุงู‚ุน ู„ุงุชุฌุงู‡ ุฃูˆ ุดูŠุก ู…ู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู‚ุจูŠู„.
08:46
So, for example, a new fashion style that everybody starts doing โ€“
139
526080
4120
ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุŒ ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ุŒ ุฃุณู„ูˆุจ ุฃุฒูŠุงุก ุฌุฏูŠุฏ ูŠุจุฏุฃ ุจู‡ ุงู„ุฌู…ูŠุน -
08:50
we can actually say it 'sweeps the nation'.
140
530200
3720
ูŠู…ูƒู†ู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุงู‚ุน ุฃู† ู†ู‚ูˆู„ ุฅู†ู‡ "ูŠูƒุชุณุญ ุงู„ุฃู…ุฉ".
08:53
Strong collocation there, isn't it? That phrase to 'sweep the nation'...
141
533920
3720
ุงุฑุชุตุงู ู‚ูˆูŠ ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุŒ ุฃู„ูŠุณ ูƒุฐู„ูƒุŸ ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ุนุจุงุฑุฉ "ู†ูƒุชุณุญ ุงู„ุฃู…ุฉ" ...
08:57
we use that a lot, don't we, in British English?
142
537640
2680
ู†ุณุชุฎุฏู…ู‡ุง ูƒุซูŠุฑู‹ุง ุŒ ุฃู„ูŠุณ ูƒุฐู„ูƒ ุŒ ุจุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุงู„ุจุฑูŠุทุงู†ูŠุฉุŸ
09:00
We do... we do. 'Sweep'...
143
540320
1960
ู†ุญู† ู†ูุนู„ ... ู†ุญู† ู†ูุนู„. "ุงูƒุชุณุงุญ" ...
09:02
to say that everybody's doing it or it's very, very popular.
144
542320
4200
ู„ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ุฃู† ุงู„ุฌู…ูŠุน ูŠูุนู„ ุฐู„ูƒ ุฃูˆ ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุชุญุธู‰ ุจุดุนุจูŠุฉ ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ุฌุฏู‹ุง.
09:06
Thank you very much. And let's see a summary:
145
546520
3640
ุดูƒุฑุงู‹ ุฌุฒูŠู„ุงู‹. ูˆู„ู†ุฑู‰ ู…ู„ุฎุตู‹ุง:
09:16
Now Roy, can you recap today's vocabulary?
146
556960
2800
ุงู„ุขู† ุฑูˆูŠ ุŒ ู‡ู„ ูŠู…ูƒู†ูƒ ุชู„ุฎูŠุต ู…ูุฑุฏุงุช ุงู„ูŠูˆู…ุŸ
09:19
Of course. We had 'brace' โ€“ prepare for something difficult.
147
559760
5640
ุจุงู„ุทุจุน. ูƒุงู† ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง "ุฏุนุงู…ุฉ" - ุงุณุชุนุฏ ู„ุดูŠุก ุตุนุจ.
09:25
'Engulfs' โ€“ affects powerfully; overwhelms.
148
565400
4840
"ุงู„ุงุจุชู„ุงุน" - ูŠุคุซุฑ ุจู‚ูˆุฉ ุ› ูŠุบู…ุฑ.
09:30
And we had 'sweep' โ€“ move powerfully and quickly.
149
570240
4320
ูˆูƒุงู† ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง "ุงูƒุชุณุงุญ" - ุชุญุฑูƒ ุจู‚ูˆุฉ ูˆุจุณุฑุนุฉ.
09:34
Thank you Roy. Now, don't forget that you can test yourself
150
574560
2480
ุดูƒุฑุง ู„ูƒ ุฑูˆูŠ. ุงู„ุขู† ุŒ ู„ุง ุชู†ุณ ุฃู†ู‡ ูŠู…ูƒู†ูƒ ุงุฎุชุจุงุฑ ู†ูุณูƒ
09:37
on the vocabulary for today's show on our website bbclearningenglish.com.
151
577040
4840
ุนู„ู‰ ู…ูุฑุฏุงุช ุนุฑุถ ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ุนู„ู‰ ู…ูˆู‚ุนู†ุง ุงู„ุฅู„ูƒุชุฑูˆู†ูŠ bbclearningenglish.com.
09:41
We are also all over social media.
152
581880
2280
ู†ุญู† ุฃูŠุถู‹ุง ู…ู†ุชุดุฑูˆู† ููŠ ุฌู…ูŠุน ูˆุณุงุฆู„ ุงู„ุชูˆุงุตู„ ุงู„ุงุฌุชู…ุงุนูŠ.
09:44
Thank you for joining us. See you next time.
153
584160
2480
ุดูƒุฑุง ู„ุงู†ุถู…ุงู…ูƒ ุฅู„ูŠู†ุง. ุฃุฑุงูƒ ุงู„ู…ุฑุฉ ุงู„ู‚ุงุฏู…ุฉ.
09:46
Bye.
154
586640
1440
ุงู„ูˆุฏุงุน.
ุญูˆู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูˆู‚ุน

ุณูŠู‚ุฏู… ู„ูƒ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูˆู‚ุน ู…ู‚ุงุทุน ููŠุฏูŠูˆ YouTube ุงู„ู…ููŠุฏุฉ ู„ุชุนู„ู… ุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ. ุณุชุฑู‰ ุฏุฑูˆุณ ุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ูŠุชู… ุชุฏุฑูŠุณู‡ุง ู…ู† ู‚ุจู„ ู…ุฏุฑุณูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ู…ู† ุฌู…ูŠุน ุฃู†ุญุงุก ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…. ุงู†ู‚ุฑ ู†ู‚ุฑู‹ุง ู…ุฒุฏูˆุฌู‹ุง ููˆู‚ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุนุฑูˆุถุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ูƒู„ ุตูุญุฉ ููŠุฏูŠูˆ ู„ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ ู…ู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ. ูŠุชู… ุชู…ุฑูŠุฑ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุงุช ุจุงู„ุชุฒุงู…ู† ู…ุน ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ. ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ู„ุฏูŠูƒ ุฃูŠ ุชุนู„ูŠู‚ุงุช ุฃูˆ ุทู„ุจุงุช ุŒ ูŠุฑุฌู‰ ุงู„ุงุชุตุงู„ ุจู†ุง ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ู†ู…ูˆุฐุฌ ุงู„ุงุชุตุงู„ ู‡ุฐุง.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7