How to Say NO! ๐Ÿ™…โ€โ™€๏ธ English Conversation & Pronunciation Skills

198,274 views ใƒป 2019-04-25

mmmEnglish


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
I'm Emma from mmmEnglish
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็งใฏmmmEnglishใฎEmma
00:02
and today we're going to practise some different ways
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ใงใ™ใ€‚ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏ
00:05
of saying 'no' in English.
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ใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใงใ€Œใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ•ใพใ–ใพใชๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’็ทด็ฟ’ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:08
Absolutely not!
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็ตถๅฏพ้•ใ†๏ผ
00:10
What? Hell no!
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ไฝ•๏ผŸ ๅœฐ็„๏ผ
00:12
I'm afraid I can't!
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ใงใใชใ„ใฎใงใฏใชใ„ใ‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™๏ผ
00:13
Not in a million years!
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็™พไธ‡ๅนดใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“๏ผ
00:15
I'm all good thanks!
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ใ‚ˆใ‚ใ—ใใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ—ใพใ™๏ผ
00:17
No way!
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ใจใ‚“ใงใ‚‚ใชใ„๏ผ
00:18
Forget it!
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ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใฆใใ ใ•ใ„๏ผ
00:20
Yeah right!
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ใˆใˆใ€ใใฎ้€šใ‚Š๏ผ
00:21
I'm afraid that's not possible!
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ใใ‚Œใฏไธๅฏ่ƒฝใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™๏ผ
00:22
Nah!
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ใ„ใ‚„๏ผ
00:23
I'd love to, but I can't.
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ใ—ใŸใ„ใฎใงใ™ใŒใ€ใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
00:26
It's just not possible.
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ใใ‚Œใฏไธๅฏ่ƒฝใงใ™ใ€‚
00:28
Fat chance!
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ใƒ•ใ‚กใƒƒใƒˆใƒใƒฃใƒณใ‚น๏ผ
00:30
Yeah, there are lots of different ways
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ใˆใˆ
00:33
to say 'no' in English.
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ใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใงใ€Œใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ๆ–นๆณ•ใฏใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
00:35
Can you think of any others?
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ไป–ใซๆ€ใ„ใคใใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
00:36
I'm sure you can think of more!
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ใ‚‚ใฃใจ่€ƒใˆใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™๏ผ
00:38
Write them in the comments below this video.
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ใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎไธ‹ใฎใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใซใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ๆ›ธใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎๆฏๅ›ฝ่ชžใง
00:41
Saying no can sometimes be a difficult thing to do
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ใ•ใˆใ€ใƒŽใƒผใจ่จ€ใ†ใฎใฏ้›ฃใ—ใ„ใ“ใจ
00:44
even in your own native language.
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ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
00:47
I don't like saying no either.
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็งใ‚‚ใƒŽใƒผใจ่จ€ใ†ใฎใฏๅฅฝใใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
00:50
I don't like refusing someone,
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็งใฏ่ชฐใ‹ใ‚’ๆ‹’ๅฆใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใฏ
00:51
I don't want to hurt their feelings.
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ๅฅฝใใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€็งใฏๅฝผใ‚‰ใฎๆฐ—ๆŒใกใ‚’ๅ‚ทใคใ‘ใŸใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
00:53
But saying no is a part of life, we say no in so many
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใƒŽใƒผใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใฏไบบ็”Ÿใฎไธ€้ƒจใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€็งใŸใก
00:58
different ways, at different times of the day.
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ใฏไธ€ๆ—ฅใฎใ•ใพใ–ใพใชๆ™‚้–“ใซใ€้žๅธธใซๅคšใใฎ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใงใƒŽใƒผใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:01
And when you're learning a language, understanding
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่จ€่ชžใ‚’ๅญฆใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ
01:04
the nuances of context and tone and body language
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ใ€ๆ–‡่„ˆใจใƒˆใƒผใƒณใจใƒœใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒฉใƒณใ‚ฒใƒผใ‚ธใฎใƒ‹ใƒฅใ‚ขใƒณใ‚นใ‚’็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹
01:08
are so, so important.
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ใ“ใจใฏใจใฆใ‚‚้‡่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚ ่ชฐใ‹ใ‚’่ชคใฃ
01:11
It's so important that you get your message across
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ใฆๆ€’ใ‚‰ใ›ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใชใใ€ใƒกใƒƒใ‚ปใƒผใ‚ธใ‚’ๆ˜Ž็ขบใซไผใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒ้žๅธธใซ้‡่ฆใงใ™
01:14
clearly
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01:14
without offending someone accidentally.
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ใ€‚
01:17
Because it's quite easy to say no in the wrong way
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่‹ฑ่ชžใง้–“้•ใฃใŸ่จ€ใ„ๆ–นใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใจใฆใ‚‚็ฐกๅ˜ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰
01:21
in English.
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ใงใ™ใ€‚
01:22
And today I'm going to show you a whole lot of
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ใใ—ใฆไปŠๆ—ฅ
01:24
different ways to say no, some casual and relaxed,
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ใฏใ€ใƒŽใƒผใจ่จ€ใ†ใ•ใพใ–ใพใชๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ‚ซใ‚ธใƒฅใ‚ขใƒซใงใƒชใƒฉใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใ—ใŸๆ–นๆณ•
01:28
some formal and more polite,
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ใ€ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒžใƒซใง็คผๅ„€ๆญฃใ—ใ„ๆ–นๆณ•
01:30
and some rude ones which,
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ใ€ๅคฑ็คผใชๆ–นๆณ•ใชใฉใ€
01:33
I think you should try to avoid.
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้ฟใ‘ใ‚‹ในใใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:35
Now before we start saying no,
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใƒŽใƒผใจ่จ€ใ†ๅ‰ใซใ€ใƒชใƒณใ‚ดใƒ€
01:37
I really want you to think about saying yes
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ใƒฉใƒณใ‚ฒใƒผใ‚ธใƒžใƒฉใ‚ฝใƒณใซใ‚คใ‚จใ‚นใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใ‚’่€ƒใˆใฆใปใ—ใ„
01:40
to the Lingoda Language Marathon.
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ใ€‚
01:42
I've just registered yesterday!
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ๆ˜จๆ—ฅ็™ป้Œฒใ—ใพใ—ใŸ๏ผ
01:45
I spent a week trying to find reasons why I shouldn't.
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็งใฏ1้€ฑ้–“ใ‹ใ‘ใฆใ€ใ™ในใใงใชใ„็†็”ฑใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
01:49
No I'm too busy or
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ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ๅฟ™ใ—ใ™ใŽใ‚‹
01:51
I'm going on holidays right in the middle of it.
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ใ‹ใ€ใใฎ็œŸใฃๅชไธญใซไผ‘ๆš‡ใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
01:54
But then I bit the bullet.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰็งใฏๅผพไธธใ‚’ๅ™›ใฟใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
01:56
I said yes to the full marathon.
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็งใฏใƒ•ใƒซใƒžใƒฉใ‚ฝใƒณใซใ€Œใฏใ„ใ€ใจ็ญ”ใˆใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
02:01
If you haven't heard about
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ใƒชใƒณใ‚ดใƒ€ใƒฉใƒณใ‚ฒใƒผใ‚ธใƒžใƒฉใ‚ฝใƒณใซใคใ„ใฆ่žใ„ใŸใ“ใจใŒใชใ„ๆ–นใฎ
02:02
the Lingoda Language Marathon,
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02:03
I explain everything in detail up here.
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ใŸใ‚ใซใ€ใ“ใ“ใงใ™ในใฆใ‚’่ฉณใ—ใ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:07
But let's be real,
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ใงใ‚‚ๆœฌๅฝ“ใฎ
02:08
if I'm going to make it through ninety days
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ใ“ใจใ‚’่จ€ใˆใฐใ€90ๆ—ฅ้–“
02:11
of language lessons, I'm going to need your support.
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ใฎ่ชžๅญฆใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’็ต‚ใˆใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎใ‚ตใƒใƒผใƒˆใŒๅฟ…่ฆใซใชใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
02:14
So I've created a popup Facebook group
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ใใ“ใงใ€Lingoda LanguageMarathonใซ
02:16
that's just for mmmEnglish students who've also
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ใ‚‚็™ป้Œฒใ—ใŸmmmEnglishใฎๅญฆ็”Ÿๅฐ‚็”จใฎใƒใƒƒใƒ—ใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—Facebookใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใ‚’ไฝœๆˆใ—ใพใ—ใŸ
02:19
signed up to the Lingoda Language Marathon.
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ใ€‚
02:22
This group is so that we can support each other
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ใ“ใฎใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใฏใ€ใƒžใƒฉใ‚ฝใƒณใ‚’้€šใ˜ใฆ3ใ‹ๆœˆ้–“ใ€ใŠไบ’ใ„ใ‚’ใ‚ตใƒใƒผใƒˆใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
02:25
through the marathon, for three months and hopefully,
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ใงใใ‚Œใฐใ€
02:29
we can all complete the marathon
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ๅ…จๅ“กใŒใƒžใƒฉใ‚ฝใƒณใ‚’ๅฎŒไบ†ใ—
02:31
and get our full refund!
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ใฆๅ…จ้กๆ‰•ใ„ๆˆปใ—ใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
02:33
If you want to join the marathon
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ใƒžใƒฉใ‚ฝใƒณ
02:35
and take the challenge with me,
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ใซๅ‚ๅŠ ใ—ใฆ็งใจไธ€็ท’ใซๆŒ‘ๆˆฆใ—ใŸใ„
02:37
then use the link and the instructions
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ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ไปฅไธ‹ใฎ่ชฌๆ˜Žใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใจๆ‰‹้ †ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆ
02:39
in the description below
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02:41
and then come find the Facebook group
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ใ€Facebookใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใฎ
02:43
The Lingoda mmmMarathon.
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The LingodammmMarathonใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
02:47
All right today we're going to talk about
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ไปŠๆ—ฅ
02:48
a whole bunch of ways to say no in English.
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ใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžใงใƒŽใƒผใจ่จ€ใ†ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใƒŽใƒผใจ่จ€ใ†ใจใ
02:52
Not only are the words that you choose important,
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ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ้ธใถ่จ€่‘‰ใฏ้‡่ฆใงใ‚ใ‚‹
02:55
when you say no but also
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ใ ใ‘ใงใชใใ€
02:57
your tone of voice and the way that you say those words
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅฃฐใฎ่ชฟๅญใจใ‚ใชใŸใŒใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’่จ€ใ†ๆ–นๆณ•
03:00
is also equally as important.
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ใ‚‚ๅŒๆง˜ใซ้‡่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚ ่ชฐใ‹ใ‚’ๆ€’ใ‚‰ใ›ใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€
03:03
Sometimes you really need to say no politely
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ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซไธๅฏงใซ่จ€ใ†ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
03:06
so that you don't offend someone.
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ใ€‚
03:09
And other times you need to be a little more forceful,
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ใใ—ใฆไป–ใฎๆ™‚ใซใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—ๅŠ›ๅผทใ
03:12
you need to use a bit of attitude.
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ใชใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅฐ‘ใ—ใฎๆ…‹ๅบฆใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
03:14
You'll see this dial up here to show you
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ใ“ใฎใƒ€ใ‚คใƒคใƒซใŒใ“ใ“ใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ€ใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชๅ…จไฝ“ใง
03:17
how rude or how polite the expression is
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่กจ็พใŒใฉใ‚Œใปใฉๅคฑ็คผใพใŸใฏ็คผๅ„€ๆญฃใ—ใ„ใ‹ใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Š
03:20
all the way through this video, all right?
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ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:23
And we're going to practise saying
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ใใ—ใฆ
03:24
each of these expressions together naturally
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ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ่กจ็พใฎใใ‚Œใžใ‚Œใ‚’่‡ช็„ถใซไธ€็ท’ใซ่จ€ใ†็ทด็ฟ’ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ€ๆญฃใ—ใ„
03:28
so that you can make sure you're saying no
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่จ€ใ„ๆ–นใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’็ขบ่ชใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ—ใพใ™
03:30
the right way.
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ใ€‚
03:34
Hello?
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏ๏ผŸ
03:37
Thank you so much for inviting me.
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ๆ‹›ๅพ…ใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใฆใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€‚
03:40
I really would love to go, but I can't make it today.
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ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ่กŒใใŸใ„ใฎใงใ™ใŒใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏ่กŒใ‘ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
03:43
I've just got too much on.
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ใ‚„ใ‚Šใ™ใŽใงใ™ใ€‚
03:45
That was a really polite way to say no to someone,
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ€่ชฐใ‹ใซใƒŽใƒผใจ่จ€ใฃใฆ
03:48
to decline an offer from them.
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ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใ‹ใ‚‰ใฎ็”ณใ—ๅ‡บใ‚’ๆ–ญใ‚‹ใ€ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซไธๅฏงใชๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
03:51
Firstly, you're saying that you really like
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ๆœ€ๅˆใซใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ขใฎ้ŸณใŒๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๅฅฝใใ ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™
03:54
the sound of the idea, you'd love to do it,
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ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‚„ใ‚ŠใŸใ„
03:57
but
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03:59
then you're adding a 'but' and you're explaining
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ใงใ™ใ€ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ€Œใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ—ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ
04:02
that you can't.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใงใใชใ„ใจ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:03
All right? So it's quite a polite way of saying no.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซไธๅฏงใช่จ€ใ„ๆ–นใงใ™ใ€‚
04:07
You're saying
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใฏ
04:17
Now there's quite a bit of flexibility in this expression.
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ใ€ใ“ใฎ่กจ็พใซใฏใ‹ใชใ‚ŠใฎๆŸ”่ปŸๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
04:20
You can replace the verb 'go' with any verb.
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ๅ‹•่ฉžใ€Œgoใ€ใฏไปปๆ„ใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใซ็ฝฎใๆ›ใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
04:32
So you're politely turning down someone's offer.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่ชฐใ‹ใฎ็”ณใ—ๅ‡บใ‚’ไธๅฏงใซๆ–ญใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:36
And if you're responding to something that someone
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ใพใŸใ€่ชฐใ‹ใŒ่จ€ใฃใŸใ“ใจใซๅฟœ็ญ”ใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏ
04:38
said, you don't even need to use the verb at all
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ใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใฏใพใฃใŸใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
04:42
because the action has actually
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ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€
04:44
already been made clear when they asked you.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒใ‚ใชใŸใซๅฐ‹ใญใŸใจใใซใ€ใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏใ™ใงใซๆ˜Ž็ขบใซใชใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:50
The action's 'hang out'
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ใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใฎใ€Œใƒใƒณใ‚ฐใ‚ขใ‚ฆใƒˆใ€
04:57
So you don't always need to include the verb.
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ใชใฎใงใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ๅธธใซๅซใ‚ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
04:59
Another way to express the same feeling is to say
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ๅŒใ˜ๆฐ—ๆŒใกใ‚’่กจ็พใ™ใ‚‹ๅˆฅใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใฏ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™
05:06
And all of these examples are polite ways of saying
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ใใ—ใฆใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎไพ‹ใฏใ™ในใฆ่ชฐใ‹ใซใƒŽใƒผใจ่จ€ใ†ไธๅฏงใชๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ™
05:10
no to someone.
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ใ€‚
05:12
You know when you genuinely do wish that you could
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ
05:14
accept their invitation, that you could actually go,
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฎๆ‹›ๅพ…ใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซ่กŒใใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆœ›ใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆ
05:18
but you have to say no.
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ใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใƒŽใƒผใจ่จ€ใ‚ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
05:20
But also, this expression is
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใพใŸใ€ใ“ใฎ่กจ็พใฏ
05:22
really useful for those times when
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ใ€
05:25
someone's inviting you to something and you
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่ชฐใ‹ใŒใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ไฝ•ใ‹ใซๆ‹›ๅพ…ใ—ใฆใ„ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ
05:27
really want to go.
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ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ่กŒใใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใซๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใกใพใ™ใ€‚
05:29
Maybe you don't want to hurt the other person's feelings
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่กŒใใŸใใชใ„ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆ็›ธๆ‰‹ใฎๆฐ—ๆŒใกใ‚’ๅ‚ทใคใ‘ใŸใ‚Šใ€ๆฐ—ๅˆ†ใ‚’ๅฎณใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ—ใŸใใชใ„ใฎใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
05:32
or make them feel bad
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05:34
by telling them that you don't want to go.
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ใ€‚
05:36
So this is a useful expression
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€
05:39
if you're talking to someone that you care about
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ๆฐ—ใซใชใ‚‹ไบบใ‚„ๅฐŠๆ•ฌใ™ใ‚‹ไบบใจ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใซไพฟๅˆฉใช่กจ็พใงใ™
05:42
or someone that you respect.
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ใ€‚
05:44
You could either use it on a friend who you love
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆ„›ใ—
05:48
and you don't want to disappoint
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ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅคฑๆœ›ใ•ใ›ใŸใใชใ„ๅ‹ไบบใ€
05:50
or your boss or a client
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ใพใŸใฏใ‚ใชใŸ
05:53
who you need to treat with respect.
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ใŒๆ•ฌๆ„ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆๆ‰ฑใ†ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚ใชใŸใฎไธŠๅธใพใŸใฏใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚คใ‚ขใƒณใƒˆใซใใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
05:56
So it's quite versatile like that.
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ้žๅธธใซ็”จ้€”ใŒๅบƒใ„ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
05:58
By being quite polite it's also a little formal.
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้žๅธธใซ็คผๅ„€ๆญฃใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใงใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๅฐ‘ใ—ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒžใƒซใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
06:02
Now let's talk about how to say this.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่จ€ใ†ๆ–นๆณ•ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
06:07
So when spoken, 'I' and 'would' are usually contracted.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€่ฉฑใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใจใใ€ใ€Œ็งใ€ใจใ€Œใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€ใฏ้€šๅธธๅŽ็ธฎใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:11
They're spoken together.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏไธ€็ท’ใซ่ฉฑใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:13
It's a little more natural to say 'I'd'
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ใ€Œ็งใฏใ€ใฎไปฃใ‚ใ‚Šใซใ€Œ็งใฏใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใฎใŒใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—่‡ช็„ถใช
06:16
instead of 'I would'
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06:17
so you'll hear most native speakers say this.
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ใฎใงใ€ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎใƒใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใŒใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใฎใ‚’่žใใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
06:23
And 'love' is a stressed word in this sentence.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ€Œๆ„›ใ€ใฏใ“ใฎๆ–‡ใฎๅผท่ชฟใ•ใ‚ŒใŸ่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
06:28
So it's said very clearly.
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซๆ˜Ž็ขบใซ่จ€ใ‚ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:32
'to' is unstressed so the sound reduces down
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ใ€Œtoใ€ใซใฏใ‚นใƒˆใƒฌใ‚นใŒใชใ„ใŸใ‚ใ€้Ÿณ
06:36
to the schwa.
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ใฏใ‚ทใƒฅใƒฏใพใงๆธ›ๅฐ‘ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:41
And then, the main verb is stressed.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ไธปๅ‹•่ฉžใŒๅผท่ชฟใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
06:50
And don't overlook the importance of the comma here.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ“ใงใฎใ‚ณใƒณใƒžใฎ้‡่ฆๆ€งใ‚’่ฆ‹่ฝใจใ•ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
06:54
You need to pause because the pause is very important.
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ไธ€ๆ™‚ๅœๆญขใฏ้žๅธธใซ้‡่ฆใชใฎใงใ€ไธ€ๆ™‚ๅœๆญขใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
07:04
So hear how those sounds reduce,
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ้ŸณใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆธ›ๅฐ‘ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹่žใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€
07:06
'but' becomes
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ใ€Œใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€
07:12
I'm going to need you to come into work on Sunday,
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็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใซไป•ไบ‹ใซๆฅใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€
07:15
okay?
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07:15
On Sunday?
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ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
ๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใซ๏ผŸ
07:17
I'm afraid I can't,
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07:19
I've got my parents visiting from interstate.
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ๆใ‚Œๅ…ฅใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ๅทž้š›ใ‹ใ‚‰ไธก่ฆชใ‚’่จชใญใฆใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
07:21
This one is a little more confusing because
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07:24
usually we think of the word 'afraid'
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้€šๅธธใ€ใ€Œๆใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใฏๆ€–ใ„ใจๆ€ใ†ใฎใงใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—ๆททไนฑใ—ใพใ™
07:28
as being scared.
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ใ€‚
07:30
But we're not scared in this situation,
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€็งใŸใกใฏใ“ใฎ็Šถๆณใ‚’ๆใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
07:32
we just need to say no in a more formal
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ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๆญฃๅผใงๆ•ฌๆ„ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใƒŽใƒผใจ่จ€ใ†ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Š
07:35
and respectful way.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:39
means I'm sorry to tell you that I can't.
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็”ณใ—่จณใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
07:44
Or I wish I could help you but I can't.
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ใพใŸใฏ็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๅŠฉใ‘ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚Œใฐใ„ใ„ใฎใงใ™ใŒใ€็งใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
07:47
This expression is often used in more formal situations
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ใ“ใฎ่กจ็พใฏใ€ไธŠๅธใ‚„ไป–ใฎๅŒๅƒšใชใฉใฎ้‡่ฆใชไบบ็‰ฉใ‹ใ‚‰
07:51
when you need to decline an invitation or a request
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ใฎๆ‹›ๅพ…ใ‚„ใƒชใ‚ฏใ‚จใ‚นใƒˆใ‚’ๆ‹’ๅฆใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใซใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๆญฃๅผใช็Šถๆณใงใ‚ˆใไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œ
07:55
from someone important
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07:56
like your boss or another colleague.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:59
So it's perfect to use this expression
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€
08:02
in a professional context
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08:04
where you need to answer someone respectfully
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่ชฐใ‹ใซๆ•ฌๆ„ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆ็ญ”ใˆใ‚‹
08:06
but you need to make it clear that you
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ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใŒใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ˜Ž็ขบใซใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅฐ‚้–€็š„ใชๆ–‡่„ˆใงใ“ใฎ่กจ็พใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใฏๅฎŒ็’ง
08:09
cannot do something.
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ใงใ™ใ€‚
08:12
Now compare this to our previous expression here
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ๅ‰ใฎๅผใจๆฏ”่ผƒใ—ใฆใ€
08:16
we're suggesting that we'd really like to do it.
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ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใ‚„ใ‚ŠใŸใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆๆกˆใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:19
Maybe just maybe,
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ใŸใถใ‚“ใ€ใŸใถใ‚“ใ€
08:22
there's a way that you can convince me to do it.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็งใซใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ชฌๅพ—ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
08:25
But now, we're actually
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ไปŠใ€็งใŸใกใฏๅฎŸ้š›
08:27
being quite forceful and direct.
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ใซ้žๅธธใซๅŠ›ๅผทใใ€็›ดๆŽฅ็š„ใซใชใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:31
means that you really actually can't do it.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅฎŸ้š›ใซใใ‚Œใ‚’่กŒใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:34
You don't have any interest in trying to make it happen.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅฎŸ็พใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซ่ˆˆๅ‘ณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
08:42
I have to work the night shift.
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็งใฏๅคœๅ‹คใ‚’ใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
08:57
Let's focus on the pronunciation for a moment.
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ๅฐ‘ใ—ใฎ้–“ใ€็™บ้Ÿณใซ็„ฆ็‚นใ‚’ๅฝ“ใฆใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
09:00
The contraction, 'I'm' is unstressed
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็ธฎ็ด„ใ€ŒI'mใ€ใฏใ‚นใƒˆใƒฌใ‚นใŒใชใ„
09:04
so when it's spoken by a native speaker,
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ใฎใงใ€ๆฏๅ›ฝ่ชž่ฉฑ่€…ใŒ่ฉฑใ™
09:07
it's very weak, you may just hear
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ใจใใฏ้žๅธธใซๅผฑใใ€่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใใฎใŸใ‚
09:13
or
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09:26
So that contracted sound really just becomes
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ใ€็ธฎ็ด„้ŸณใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซ
09:30
the consonant only.
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ใฏๅญ้Ÿณใ ใ‘ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
09:34
Hey Em, I'm going to grab a coffee, do you want one?
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ใญใˆใ‚จใƒ ใ€็งใฏใ‚ณใƒผใƒ’ใƒผใ‚’้ฃฒใ‚€ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚ŒใŒๆฌฒใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
09:40
It's not that this phrase is rude but
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ใ“ใฎใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใŒๅคฑ็คผใชใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€
09:42
this is quite informal language.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซ้žๅ…ฌๅผใช่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
09:51
Believe it or not,
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ไฟกใ˜ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€
09:52
in some contexts, all of these expressions
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็Šถๆณใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ่กจ็พใฏใ™ในใฆใ€
09:54
are informal ways of saying no thanks.
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ๆ„Ÿ่ฌใ—ใชใ„ใจใ„ใ†้žๅ…ฌๅผใช่จ€ใ„ๆ–นใงใ™ใ€‚
09:58
So all of these expressions are common
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ่กจ็พใฏใ™ในใฆใ€
10:00
especially when you're talking to friends or family
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็‰นใซใ‚ซใ‚ธใƒฅใ‚ขใƒซใช็Šถๆณใงๅ‹ไบบใ‚„ๅฎถๆ—ใ€ๅŒๅƒšใจ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใซใ‚ˆใ่ฆ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚Œ
10:02
or coworkers
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10:04
in a casual context.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:06
They're commonly used
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10:07
when someone offers you something.
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่ชฐใ‹ใŒใ‚ใชใŸใซไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๆไพ›ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใซใ‚ˆใไฝฟใ‚ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
10:10
And less commonly used as a way to
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ๆ‹›ๅพ…็Šถใซๅฟœ็ญ”ใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใจใ—ใฆใ‚ใพใ‚Šไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใฆ
10:13
respond to an invitation, so I wouldn't say
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ใ„ใชใ„ใฎใงใ€็งใฏๆญฃใ—ใ่จ€ใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“
10:20
Right? But I would say
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ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ—ใ‹ใ—
10:26
If someone offers you a ride to work,
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ใ€่ชฐใ‹ใŒใ‚ใชใŸใซไป•ไบ‹ใธใฎไน—ใ‚Š็‰ฉใ‚’ๆไพ›ใ™ใ‚‹
10:28
but you'd rather walk, you might say
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ใŒใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ‚€ใ—ใ‚ๆญฉใใ“ใจใ‚’ๆœ›ใ‚€ใชใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
10:34
Or if you're Australian or you're talking to an Australian
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ใพใŸใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ‚ชใƒผใ‚นใƒˆใƒฉใƒชใ‚ขไบบใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ‚ชใƒผใ‚นใƒˆใƒฉใƒชใ‚ขไบบใจ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰
10:44
Now I know that some of you are living in
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ไปŠ็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎไฝ•ไบบใ‹ใŒ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’่ฉฑใ™ใ“ใจใซไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™
10:47
English-speaking countries, and this expression
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ใ“ใฎ่กจ็พ
10:49
is a useful one to know
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ใฏใ€ใƒฌใ‚นใƒˆใƒฉใƒณใงๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚‹ใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใก
10:51
if you are working in a restaurant
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10:54
and you have the situation where you're
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ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:57
asking a customer if they want to order
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้กงๅฎขใซใ‚‚ใฃใจ้ฃŸใน็‰ฉใ‚„้ฃฒใฟ็‰ฉใ‚’ๆณจๆ–‡ใ—ใŸใ„ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ‚’ๅฐ‹ใญใ‚‹็ŠถๆณใŒใ‚ใ‚Š
10:59
more food or drinks and they say
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ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ
11:04
Well it would be really good to know what that means,
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ใ‚ˆใ็ŸฅใฃใฆใŠใใจๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ่‰ฏใ„ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏใฉใ†ใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณ
11:07
right?
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ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
11:08
It means no thanks.
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ใใ‚Œใฏๆ„Ÿ่ฌใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
11:10
It's a little confusing.
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ๅฐ‘ใ—็ด›ใ‚‰ใ‚ใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
11:12
Have you ever had a native speaker say something
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ๆฏๅ›ฝ่ชž่ฉฑ่€…ใซใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ“ใจใ‚’่จ€ใ‚ใ›ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใง
11:15
like this to you and you've been
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11:17
completely confused by it?
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ๅฎŒๅ…จใซๆททไนฑใ—ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
11:24
If you have, I'd love to hear about it.
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ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€็งใฏใใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆ่žใ„ใฆใฟใŸใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
11:27
Tell me in the comments, tell me what happened
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ใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใงๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
11:29
when you were completely confused.
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ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅฎŒๅ…จใซๆททไนฑใ—ใŸใจใใซไฝ•ใŒ่ตทใ“ใฃใŸใฎใ‹ๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
11:32
Now these phrases are often followed by
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็พๅœจใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใฎๅพŒใซใฏใ€
11:35
'thanks though' or 'thanks anyway'
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ใ€Œใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œใจใซใ‹ใใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€ใŒ็ถšใใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€Œ
11:44
Adding 'thanks though' just helps to soften
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่ฟฝๅŠ ใ€
11:47
the expression a little bit and show the person
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ใฏใ€่กจ็พใ‚’ๅฐ‘ใ—ๅ’Œใ‚‰ใ’
11:50
that you appreciate the offer
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ใ€ใ‚ชใƒ•ใ‚กใƒผใซๆ„Ÿ่ฌใ—ใฆ
11:52
but you're not interested.
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ใ„ใ‚‹ใŒ่ˆˆๅ‘ณใŒใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’็›ธๆ‰‹ใซ็คบใ™ใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใกใพใ™ใ€‚
11:54
So it's a little more polite.
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—ไธๅฏงใงใ™ใ€‚
11:56
Now I want to highlight
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ใ“ใ“ใง
11:57
how native speakers will say these words because
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ใ€ใƒใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใŒใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚’ๅผท่ชฟใ—ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใชใœใชใ‚‰
12:00
when they come out, they usually sound a bit
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ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใŒๅ‡บใฆใใ‚‹ใจใใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ้€šๅธธๅฐ‘ใ—ใผใ‚„ใ‘ใฆ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™
12:04
blurry.
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ใ€‚
12:11
Again, the unstressed contraction
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ‚นใƒˆใƒฌใ‚นใฎใชใ„ๅŽ็ธฎ
12:14
reduces down here and we hardly hear it!
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ใฏใ“ใ“ใงๆธ›ๅฐ‘ใ—ใ€ใปใจใ‚“ใฉ่žใ“ใˆใพใ›ใ‚“๏ผ
12:18
And because we had a consonant sound
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ใพใŸ
12:20
at the end of 'I'm',
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ใ€ใ€ŒI'mใ€ใฎๆœ€ๅพŒใซๅญ้ŸณใŒใ‚ใฃใŸใฎใง
12:22
in natural pronunciation, we link that consonant sound
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ใ€่‡ช็„ถใช็™บ้Ÿณใงใ€ใใฎๅญ้Ÿณ
12:26
to the vowel sound following.
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ใ‚’ๆฌกใฎๆฏ้Ÿณใซใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
12:28
And this is a really common feature in
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ่‡ช็„ถใซ่ฉฑใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใงๆœฌๅฝ“ใซไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใชๆฉŸ่ƒฝใงใ™
12:31
naturally spoken English.
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ใ€‚
12:33
Native speakers will do this all the time.
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ใƒใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใฏๅธธใซใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่กŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
12:36
This lesson here will explain how consonant sounds
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ใ“ใ“ใงใฎใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใงใฏใ€ๅญ้ŸณใŒ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎๆฏ้Ÿณใซใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™
12:39
link to vowel sounds in spoken English.
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ใ€‚
12:42
So you can check it out
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800
12:42
if you want to learn more about it.
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ
ใใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚‚ใฃใจ็Ÿฅใ‚ŠใŸใ„ใชใ‚‰ใฐใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
12:44
But again, sometimes
242
764940
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒ
12:46
the tiny little vowel sound just disappears
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ใ€ๅฐใ•ใชๆฏ้ŸณใŒ
12:49
and it just sounds like
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ๆถˆใˆใฆใ€ๆฌกใฎ
12:59
Most importantly for you though is how to
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ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใซใจใฃใฆๆœ€ใ‚‚้‡่ฆใชใฎใฏใ€
13:02
hear and recognise these really common
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๆœฌๅฝ“ใซไธ€่ˆฌ็š„
13:05
casual expressions. So when you hear these sort of
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ใชใ‚ซใ‚ธใƒฅใ‚ขใƒซใช่กจ็พใ‚’ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ„ใฆ่ช่ญ˜ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ†ใ„ใ†
13:08
muffled expressions,
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ใ“ใ‚‚ใฃใŸ่กจๆƒ…ใ‚’่žใ„
13:11
recognise them as people saying no thanks.
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ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ๆ„Ÿ่ฌใ—ใชใ„ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใ ใจ่ช่ญ˜ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
13:20
Okay now I want you to think about a situation
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ใ•ใฆใ€็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซใ‚ใชใŸใŒใƒŽใƒผใจ่จ€ใ†ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹็Šถๆณใซใคใ„ใฆ่€ƒใˆใฆๆฌฒใ—ใ„ใฎใงใ™
13:22
where you need to say no
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13:24
but in a stronger way.
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ใŒใ€ใ‚‚ใฃใจๅผทใ„ๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ€‚
13:27
Like when there's no option to negotiate.
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ไบคๆธ‰ใ™ใ‚‹้ธๆŠž่‚ขใŒใชใ„ใจใใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€‚
13:30
The answer is just no, right?
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็ญ”ใˆใฏใƒŽใƒผใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
13:34
Like when you've worked twelve hours straight
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้ŽๅŽป2้€ฑ้–“ใ€ๆฏŽๆ—ฅ12ๆ™‚้–“้€ฃ็ถšใงๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใฆ
13:37
every day for the last two weeks
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13:39
and your colleague comes up to you and says
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ใ€ๅŒๅƒšใŒใ‚ใชใŸใฎใจใ“ใ‚ใซๆฅใฆใ€ใ‹ใชใ‚ŠๅŠ›ๅผทใใชใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใจใใฎใ‚ˆใ†
13:45
You need to be quite forceful, right?
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ใซใญใ€‚
13:48
And say something like
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ใใ—ใฆ
13:51
I'm spending the day with my family tomorrow.
260
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ใ€ๆ˜Žๆ—ฅๅฎถๆ—ใจไธ€็ท’ใซไธ€ๆ—ฅใ‚’้Žใ”ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ“ใจใ‚’่จ€ใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
13:54
So 'absolutely not' is a strong way of saying no.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ€Œ็ตถๅฏพใซใชใ„ใ€ใฏใ€ใƒŽใƒผใจ่จ€ใ†ๅผทๅŠ›ใชๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ™ใ€‚
13:59
You're saying there is zero possibility
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็งใŒ
14:02
that I'll change my mind about this and say yes, right?
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ใ“ใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆ่€ƒใˆใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใฆใ€Œใฏใ„ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใฏใ‚ผใƒญใ ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
14:05
Like if you just got married and your
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็ตๅฉšใ—ใŸใฐใ‹ใ‚Šใงใ€
14:08
new husband or wife's best friend asked if they could
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ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ๅคซใ‚„ๅฆปใฎ่ฆชๅ‹ใŒๆ–ฐๅฉšๆ—…่กŒใงใ‚ใชใŸใจไธ€็ท’ใซๆฅใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ๅฐ‹ใญใŸๅ ดๅˆใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ
14:11
come with you on the honeymoon.
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ใ€‚
14:17
But even though 'absolutely not' is strong,
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ€Œ็ตถๅฏพใซใชใ„ใ€ใฏๅผทใ„ใงใ™ใŒ
14:20
maybe even a little harsh,
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ใ€ๅฐ‘ใ—ๅŽณใ—ใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œ
14:23
it's not necessarily rude, right?
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ใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ๅฟ…ใšใ—ใ‚‚ๅคฑ็คผใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
14:25
And there are a few other ways to say no in a firm way.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€็ขบๅ›บใŸใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใงใƒŽใƒผใจ่จ€ใ†ไป–ใฎใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
14:30
We can say that the idea is
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ใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ขใฏๆฌกใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ
14:35
Or we could say
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่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใพใŸใฏ็งใŸใกใฏ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™
14:40
And these expressions are similar in strength
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ใใ—ใฆใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ่กจ็พใฏๅผทใ•
14:42
and in meaning but these are also quite
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ใจๆ„ๅ‘ณใŒไผผใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ้žๅธธใซ
14:45
serious and more formal expressions.
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ๆทฑๅˆปใงใ‚ˆใ‚Šๆญฃๅผใช่กจ็พใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
14:53
Are you kidding me?
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็งใ‚’ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‹ใฃใฆใ‚‹ใฎ๏ผŸ
14:54
All right, let's change the tone a little.
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ใ‚ˆใ—ใ€ๅฐ‘ใ—้Ÿณ่‰ฒใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใฆใฟใ‚ˆใ†ใ€‚
14:57
We want to clearly say no still
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ใพใ ใฏใฃใใ‚Šใจใฏ่จ€ใ„ใŸใใชใ„ใฎ
15:00
but we want to say it in a less serious way.
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ใงใ™ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใปใฉๆทฑๅˆปใงใฏใชใ„ๆ–นๆณ•ใง่จ€ใ„ใŸใ„ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
15:03
Like if your brother said
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ๅ…„ใŒ่จ€ใฃใŸ
15:12
Now all of these expressions
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ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ่กจ็พ
15:14
are a little softer because they're funny,
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ใฏใ™ในใฆ้ข็™ฝใ„ใฎใงๅฐ‘ใ—ๆŸ”ใ‚‰ใ‹ใ
15:17
they kind of make the situation lighter.
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ใชใ‚Šใ€็ŠถๆณใŒ่ปฝใใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
15:24
Now all of these phrases that I've just introduced
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ไปŠใ€็งใŒ็ดนไป‹ใ—ใŸใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใฏ
15:27
are firm and strong.
285
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ใ™ในใฆใ—ใฃใ‹ใ‚Šใ—ใฆใ„ใฆๅผทใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
15:29
But there are some that are appropriate in formal
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๆญฃๅผใช
15:32
situations and some that aren't.
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็Šถๆณใซ้ฉใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใจใใ†ใงใชใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
15:35
So
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰
15:36
and
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ใ€
15:38
are okay for friends and family,
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ๅ‹ไบบใ‚„ๅฎถๆ—ใ€
15:41
informal situations
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้žๅ…ฌๅผใช็Šถๆณใ€
15:43
or when someone's driving you crazy.
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ใพใŸใฏ่ชฐใ‹ใŒใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๅคขไธญใซใ•ใ›ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใฏๅคงไธˆๅคซใงใ™ใ€‚
15:45
And
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ใใ—ใฆ
15:49
and
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ใ€
15:52
they're sort of a bit more formal.
295
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ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒžใƒซใงใ™ใ€‚
15:54
All right so let's take it one step further.
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ใงใฏใ€ใ•ใ‚‰ใซไธ€ๆญฉ้€ฒใ‚“ใงใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
16:00
What? You want me to write your assignment for you?
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ไฝ•๏ผŸ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็งใซใ‚ใชใŸใฎใŸใ‚ใซใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่ชฒ้กŒใ‚’ๆ›ธใ„ใฆๆฌฒใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
16:04
Fat chance!
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ใƒ•ใ‚กใƒƒใƒˆใƒใƒฃใƒณใ‚น๏ผ
16:07
Like the previous situations, I'm definitely
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ๅ‰ใฎ็Šถๆณใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€็งใฏ้–“้•ใ„ใชใ
16:10
one hundred percent saying no there.
300
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100ใƒ‘ใƒผใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใใ“ใซใƒŽใƒผใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
16:13
But this time I'm responding with sarcasm.
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ใงใ‚‚ไปŠๅ›žใฏ็šฎ่‚‰ใงๅฏพๅฟœใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
16:17
Now sarcasm is a type of humour in English
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็พๅœจใ€็šฎ่‚‰ใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎใƒฆใƒผใƒขใ‚ขใฎไธ€็จฎใงใ‚ใ‚Š
16:21
where we criticise someone or something
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16:24
in a way that's
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16:26
quite funny for others but a bit annoying or maybe even
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ใ€ไป–ใฎไบบใซใจใฃใฆใฏ้žๅธธใซ้ข็™ฝใ„ๆ–นๆณ•ใง่ชฐใ‹ใพใŸใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๆ‰นๅˆค
16:29
embarrassing to the person that you're criticising.
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ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆ‰นๅˆคใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใซใฏๅฐ‘ใ—่ฟทๆƒ‘ใพใŸใฏๆฅใšใ‹ใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใ•ใˆใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
16:33
So saying no in a sarcastic way can be rude.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€็šฎ่‚‰ใชๆ–นๆณ•ใงใƒŽใƒผใจ่จ€ใ†ใฎใฏๅคฑ็คผใงใ™ใ€‚
16:37
It can sometimes be funny but you need to be extremely
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้ข็™ฝใ„ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€
16:40
careful about how you use it
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16:42
because it's very easy to offend someone.
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่ชฐใ‹ใ‚’ๆ€’ใ‚‰ใ›ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใจใฆใ‚‚็ฐกๅ˜ใชใฎใงใ€ไฝฟใ„ๆ–นใซใฏ็ดฐๅฟƒใฎๆณจๆ„ใ‚’ๆ‰•ใ†ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
16:45
Now there are a lot of different ways to say no
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ไปŠใ€็šฎ่‚‰ใชๆ–นๆณ•ใงใƒŽใƒผใจ่จ€ใ†ๅคšใใฎ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
16:48
in a sarcastic way.
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ใ€‚
16:49
Like
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ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ
16:58
Can you think of any others?
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไป–ใฎใ“ใจใ‚’่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
16:59
Now all of these expressions are used quite similarly
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็พๅœจใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ่กจ็พใฏใ™ในใฆใพใฃใŸใๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œ
17:03
so in a situation when
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ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€
17:06
someone asks you a favour that's too big
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่ชฐใ‹ใŒใ‚ใชใŸใซๅคงใใ™ใŽใ‚‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏใฐใ‹ใ’ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใช่ณ›ๆˆใ‚’ๆฑ‚ใ‚ใŸๅ ดๅˆใซไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™
17:10
or too ridiculous.
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ใ€‚
17:12
Or maybe they're just annoying you by asking it.
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ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅฐ‹ใญใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๆ‚ฉใพใ›ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
17:33
But you do need to be careful about
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ใŸใ ใ—ใ€
17:35
how you're using these expressions.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅผใฎไฝฟ็”จๆ–นๆณ•ใซใฏๆณจๆ„ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
17:37
If you're joking around, they can be really fun.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅ†—่ซ‡ใ‚’่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๆฅฝใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
17:40
When they're used in the wrong context,
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17:44
like if your boss came into your office and said
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ไธŠๅธใŒใ‚ใชใŸใฎใ‚ชใƒ•ใ‚ฃใ‚นใซๆฅใฆใ€
17:47
"I need that report finished by the end of the day"
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ใ€Œใใฎใƒฌใƒใƒผใƒˆใ‚’1ๆ—ฅใฎ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚ŠใพใงใซๅฎŒๆˆใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸๅ ดๅˆใชใฉใ€้–“้•ใฃใŸใ‚ณใƒณใƒ†ใ‚ญใ‚นใƒˆใงไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€
17:50
don't say "Fat chance!"
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ใ€Œใƒ•ใ‚กใƒƒใƒˆใƒใƒฃใƒณใ‚น๏ผใ€ใจใฏ่จ€ใ‚ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
17:53
Unless you want to be fired!
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่งฃ้›‡ใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใใชใ„ใฎใงใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐ๏ผ
17:55
Right
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17:56
so I introduced a whole lot of different ways of saying
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ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€็งใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžใงใƒŽใƒผใจ่จ€ใ†ใ•ใพใ–ใพใชๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใใ—ใฆใ€ๆญฃใ—ใ„ๆ–นๆณ•ใง
17:59
no in English
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18:01
and how important it is to learn how to say no
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ใƒŽใƒผใจ่จ€ใ†ๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’ๅญฆใถใ“ใจใŒใ„ใ‹ใซ้‡่ฆใ‹ใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ—ใŸ
18:05
in the right way.
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ใ€‚
18:06
And I'm sure you've heard of many of those expressions
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไปฅๅ‰ใซใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ่กจ็พใฎๅคšใใ‚’่žใ„ใŸ
18:09
before but if there were some new ones
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ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚‹
18:11
that you learnt today, then tell me about them
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ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅญฆใ‚“ใ ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎๆ–ฐใ—ใ„่กจ็พใŒใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€ใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใงใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใซใคใ„ใฆๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
18:14
in the comments.
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ใ€‚ ใใฎๆ–ฐใ—ใ„่กจ็พ
18:15
Make sure you write about a situation
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18:18
where you think it might be appropriate to use
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ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒ้ฉๅˆ‡ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹็Šถๆณใซใคใ„ใฆๅฟ…ใšๆ›ธใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
18:20
that new expression.
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ใ€‚
18:22
I'm going to go down and check out
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18:24
all of those comments once this lesson's finished.
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ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใŒ็ต‚ไบ†ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ไธ‹ใซ็งปๅ‹•ใ—ใฆใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใ‚’ใ™ในใฆใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
18:26
If you've got any questions about saying no in English
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่‹ฑ่ชžใงใ€Œใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ่ณชๅ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆ
18:30
then drop them in the comments below this video
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ใฏใ€ใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎไธ‹ใฎใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใซใƒ‰ใƒญใƒƒใƒ—ใ—
18:33
and make sure you hit the subscribe button
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18:35
if you haven't already, just to show me that you support
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ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใพใ ่กŒใฃใฆใ„ใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใ‚ตใƒ–ใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใƒœใ‚ฟใƒณใ‚’ๆŠผใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใ“ใ“ใงใ€mmmEnglishใง่กŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ใ‚ตใƒใƒผใƒˆใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็คบใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
18:39
what I do here at mmmEnglish.
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ใ€‚
18:41
You might be interested in this lesson here
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ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใซ่ˆˆๅ‘ณใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
18:43
where I'll teach you some useful expressions to help you
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ใ“ใ“ใงใฏใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใง่จˆ็”ปใ‚’ใ‚ญใƒฃใƒณใ‚ปใƒซใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎไพฟๅˆฉใช่กจ็พใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
18:47
cancel your plans in English or
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ใพใŸใฏ
18:50
here's another one that I think you'll enjoy.
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ใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆฅฝใ—ใ‚ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ†ๅˆฅใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใงใ™ใ€‚
18:52
I'll see you in there!
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ใใกใ‚‰ใงใŠไผšใ„ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†๏ผ
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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