The biggest risks facing cities -- and some solutions | Robert Muggah

翻译人员: Xingyu Xu 校对人员: Sophie Leaf

So, here's a prediction.

有一个预言是这样的

If we get our cities right,

如果我们搞好了城市

we just might survive the 21st century.

我们就可以平安活过二十一世纪

We get them wrong,

反之，如果我们弄糟了

and we're done for.

我们就完蛋了

Cities are the most extraordinary experiment in social engineering

在人类目前为止的所有社会工程里

that we humans have ever come up with.

城市是最伟大的尝试

如果你生活在城市

If you live in a city,

and even if you live in a slum --

甚至是和全世界百分之二十的城市人口一样

which 20 percent of the world's urban population does --

住在贫民窟里

you're likely to be healthier, wealthier, better educated

你都会比别人更加健康，富有，有教养

and live longer than your country cousins.

并且比你那些住在乡村的表亲们长寿

There's a reason why three million people are moving to cities

每个星期就有三百万的人移居城市

这不是没有原因的

every single week.

Cities are where the future happens first.

未来的第一步总发生在城市里

They're open, they're creative, they're dynamic, they're democratic,

这里开放，创新，具有活力，民主

城市是国际化的

they're cosmopolitan,

they're sexy.

让人着迷的

They're the perfect antidote to reactionary nationalism.

也是反动民族主义的解药

但是城市有它黑暗的一面

But cities have a dark side.

它只占据世界百分之三的面积

They take up just three percent of the world's surface area,

但却消耗着百分之七十五的能源

but they account for more than 75 percent of our energy consumption,

and they emit 80 percent of our greenhouse gases.

并且产生百分之八十的温室气体

There are hundreds of thousands of people who die in our cities

每年有数以千计的人

在城市里死于暴力行为

every single year from violence,

and millions more who are killed as a result of car accidents

而死于车祸和污染

更有数百万人

and pollution.

In Brazil, where I live,

我居住在巴西

we've got 25 of the 50 most homicidal cities on the planet.

全球50个谋杀率最高的城市中， 巴西一国占据25个

And a quarter of our cities have chronic water shortages --

并且四分之一的城市 有长期水资源短缺的问题

and this, in a country with 20 percent of the known water reserves.

还是在全国百分之二十已知水储量的基础上

So cities are dual-edged.

所以城市具有两面性

Part of the problem is that,

其中的问题是

避开人们熟悉的东西方大城市不讲

apart from a handful of megacities in the West and the Far East,

we don't know that much about the thousands of cities

我们不了解那些

在非洲、拉丁美洲、亚洲的成百上千的城市

in Africa, in Latin America, in Asia,

where 90 percent of all future population growth is set to take place.

而那里却有未来百分之九十的人口增长

为什么会产生这样的知识缺口呢？

So why this knowledge gap?

Well, part of the problem

有一部分原因是

is that we still see the world through the lens of nation-states.

我们还在透过民族国家的视角看世界

我们还封闭在十七世纪的模式里

We're still locked in a 17th-century paradigm

狭隘，崇尚国家最高统治权

of parochial national sovereignty.

And yet, in the 1600's,

然而，在十七世纪里

when nation-states were really coming into their own,

当民族国家进入全盛时期

less than one percent of the world's population

全世界少于百分之一的人口

resided in a city.

居住于城市

今天，城市人口增长到百分之五十四

Today, it's 54 percent.

And by 2050, it will be closer to 70 percent.

更甚，2050年前 城市人口将增长到百分之七十

世界改变了

So the world has changed.

We have these 193 nation-states,

如今全世界有193个国家

但是我们有同样多数量的城市

but we have easily as many cities that are beginning to rival them

可以在力量和影响上与之竞争

in power and influence.

Just look at New York.

以纽约为例

The Big Apple has 8.5 million people

大苹果城（纽约别名）拥有850万人口

and an annual budget of 80 billion dollars.

年度财物预算800亿美元

城市GDP1.5万亿美元

Its GDP is 1.5 trillion,

which puts it higher than Argentina and Australia,

总计超过阿根廷和澳大利亚

尼日利亚和南非

Nigeria and South Africa.

它拥有大约4万位警员

Its roughly 40,000 police officers

means it has one of the largest police departments in the world,

是全世界最大规模的警察局之一

rivaling all but the largest nation-states.

可与国相竞

But cities like New York

但是像纽约

or São Paulo

圣保罗

or Johannesburg

约翰尼斯堡

达卡

or Dhaka

or Shanghai --

或者上海

they're punching above their weight economically,

它们在经济上影响力巨大

but below their weight politically.

却在政治领域上稍逊一筹

我们要改变这种状态

And that's going to have to change.

如果想要改变

Cities are going to have to find their political voice

城市必须寻找它的政治发言权

if we want to change things.

Now, I want to talk to you a little bit about the risks

现在，我想和你们谈一谈

城市面临的风险

that cities are facing --

some of the big mega-risks.

那些巨大的风险

我也会简短地提出一些解决方案

I'm also going to talk to you briefly about some of the solutions.

I'm going to do this using a big data visualization

我会用一个由卡耐基梅隆CREATE研究室

that was developed with Carnegie Mellon's CREATE Lab and my institute,

和我个人的，以及许多其他的研究室

所开发的大数据可视化的方法

along with many, many others.

I want you to first imagine the world not as made up of nation-states,

我想要你去想象一个 不是由国家所组成的世界

but as made up of cities.

而是由城市所组成的世界

现在你所看到的是一个个单独的城市

What you see here is every single city

他们都拥有至少25万城市人口

with a population of a quarter million people or more.

暂时不谈技术细节

Now, without going into technical detail,

圆点越红，城市越脆弱

the redder the circle, the more fragile that city is,

and the bluer the circle, the more resilient.

圆点越蓝，城市越具有韧性

Fragility occurs when the social contract comes unstuck.

城市的脆弱性源于社会契约的紊乱

And what we tend to see is a convergence of multiple kinds of risks:

这表现于一下几方面

income inequality,

收于不平等

poverty,

贫困

青年失业

youth unemployment,

different issues around violence,

不同的社会暴力问题

even exposure to droughts, cyclones and earthquakes.

甚至遭遇干旱，飓风和地震

Now obviously, some cities are more fragile than others.

一些城市是明显比其他脆弱

The good news, if there is any,

但好消息是，

脆弱性不是永久的

is that fragility is not a permanent condition.

Some cities that were once the most fragile cities in the world,

有一些城市曾经很脆弱

像哥伦比亚首都波哥大

like Bogotá in Colombia

or Ciudad Juárez in Mexico,

或者是墨西哥的华雷斯成

现在已经超过世界国家平均水平

have now fallen more around the national average.

The bad news is that fragility is deepening,

而坏消息是总体脆弱性在加深

尤其是在世界上那些最贫困的地区

especially in those parts of the world that are most vulnerable,

北非，中东

in North Africa, the Middle East,

东南亚与中南亚地区

in South Asia and Central Asia.

There, we're seeing fragility rising way beyond scales we've ever seen before.

在那里，它们的的脆弱性 以我们无法想象的程度在加深

When cities become too fragile they can collapse,

当它积累到一定程度时， 城市将会崩溃

整个垮掉衰竭

tip over and fail.

And when that happens,

到那时

we have explosive forms of migration:

它将会产生无数形式的移民

refugees.

难民

There are more than 22 million refugees in the world today,

今天世界上存在两千两百万难民

more than at any other time since the second world war.

自第二次世界大战后至今为止最多数量

Now, there's not one refugee crisis;

而现在，这可不止一个危机

there are multiple refugee crises.

而是多重难民危机

And contrary to what you might read in the news,

而且与你在新闻中读到不同的是

很大一部分的难民

the vast majority of refugees aren't fleeing from poor countries

不是前往更好的城市

to wealthy countries,

they're moving from poor cities into even poorer cities --

而是条件更差，更贫困的城市

often, cities nearby.

也就是所谓的邻近城市

Every single dot on this map represents an agonizing story

地图上每一个小点都讲诉着一个痛心的故事

它们代表着挣扎和苦难

of struggle and survival.

但我想简单的告诉你地图上没有什么

But I want to briefly tell you about what's not on that map,

and that's internal displacement.

那就是境内流离失所者

There are more than 36 million people who have been internally displaced

在这个世界上

有超过3千6百万的人失去了他们的家

around the world.

These are people living in refugee-like conditions,

他们活得像那些逃亡者

但是缺少了自己国家的保护和帮助

but lacking the equivalent international protection and assistance.

And to understand their plight,

为了了解他们的困境

I want to zoom in briefly on Syria.

我想去放大叙利亚

Syria suffered one of the worst droughts in its history between 2007 and 2010.

2007年到2010年， 叙利亚经历了有史以来最严重的干旱

摧毁了百分之七十五的农作物

More than 75 percent of its agriculture and 85 percent of its livestock

和百分之八十五的家畜

were wiped out.

And in the process, over a million people moved into cities

而在这之间，超过一百万人逃离去别的城市

like Aleppo, Damascus and Homs.

像阿勒波，大马士革和霍姆斯

As food prices began to rise,

当食物价格上涨时

you also had equivalent levels of social unrest.

也会产生同等级的社会不安

And when the regime of President Assad began cracking down,

当阿萨德总统的政权开始崩塌的时候

you had an explosion of refugees.

难民的数量急剧膨胀

You also had over six million internally displaced people,

同时超过6百万的人流离失所

many of whom when on to become refugees.

他们中很多人也都成为了难民

And they didn't just move to neighboring countries like Jordan

他们不仅仅逃亡到周边的国家，像约旦

黎巴嫩或者土耳其

or Lebanon or Turkey.

They also moved up north towards Western Europe.

他们也向北边迁移去西欧

See, over 1.4 million Syrians made the perilous journey

超过一百四十万的叙利亚人

从地中海地区到土耳其

through the Mediterranean and up through Turkey

为的是抵达这两个国家

to find their way into two countries, primarily:

Germany and Sweden.

德国和瑞士

现在，气候变了

Now, climate change --

not just drought, but also sea level rise,

不仅是干旱， 也产生了海平面上升的问题

这对城市来说

is probably one of the most severe existential threats

将是最严重的威胁之一

that cities face.

That's because two-thirds of the world's cities are coastal.

那是因为全世界有三分之二都是临海城市

超过一百五十万人口住在低洼、 容易被淹没的沿海地区

Over 1.5 billion people live in low-lying, flood-prone coastal areas.

What you see here is a map that shows sea level rise

你现在看到的是海平面上升的地图

in relation to changes in temperature.

和温度变化有关

Climate scientists predict that we're going to see

气候学家预测未来

在所有地方都会上升3至30英尺左右

anywhere between three and 30 feet of sea level rise

在本世纪末之前

this side of the century.

And it's not just low island nation-states that are going to suffer --

不仅是岛屿国家将受影响

Kiribati or the Maldives or the Solomons or Sri Lanka --

基里巴斯、马尔代夫 或者是所罗门斯或者是斯里兰卡

它们将受到严重影响

and they will suffer,

but also massive cities like Dhaka,

同样的，类似达卡这样的大城市，

like Hong Kong,

香港

like Shanghai.

上海

Cities of 10, 20, 30 million people or more

那些一千万人口以上的城市

都将被淹没

are literally going to be wiped off the face of this earth.

They're going to have to adapt, or they're going to die.

他们没有选择，若不能适应， 要不然就是死

I want to take you also all the way over to the West,

我们来看一看西方国家

因为这不只是亚洲 或者非洲或者拉丁美洲的问题

because this isn't just a problem in Asia or Africa or Latin America,

this is a problem also in the West.

这也是一些西方国家的问题

This is Miami.

这是迈阿密

Many of you know Miami is one of the wealthiest cities

你们都知道迈阿密

是美国最富有的城市之一

也是最受洪灾影响的城市之一

in the United States;

it's also one of the most flood-prone.

从2017这一年 我们已经看出来了它的受影响程度

That's been made painfully evident by natural disasters throughout 2017.

但是迈阿密是建立在湿地上的城市， 它的基础是多空石灰岩

But Miami is built on porous limestone -- a swamp.

There's no way any kind of flood barrier

世界上不存在任何一种拦洪坝

可以阻挡洪水渗透进来

is going to keep the water from seeping in.

As we scroll back,

当我们往后看

and we look across the Caribbean and along the Gulf,

越过加勒比海和沿途的海湾

we begin to realize

我们就会意识到

that those cities that have suffered worst from natural crises --

那些受到自然灾害影响的城市—

太子湾，新奥尔良，休斯顿—

Port-au-Prince, New Orleans, Houston --

as severe and as awful as those situations have been,

都经历过十分可怕的自然灾害

they're a dress rehearsal for what's to come.

但他们随时都为未知的未来做好准备

No city is an island.

没有城市一个孤岛

Every city is connected to its rural hinterland

每一个城市都与它内地所连接

in complex ways --

在很多方面—

很多时候食物产量都会受影响

often, in relation to the production of food.

I want to take you to the northern part of the Amazon, in Rondônia.

现在我们去看亚马逊的北边，隆多尼亚

它是世界上最大的森林碳化池

This is one of the world's largest terrestrial carbon sinks,

每年吸取百万吨的二氧化碳

processing millions of carbon every single year.

你现在看到的是一条三十年的路

What you see here is a single road over a 30-year period.

在道路的两边是家畜的牧场

On either side you see land being cleared for pasture, for cattle,

但也是黄豆和糖的生产地

but also for soy and sugar production.

You're seeing deforestation on a massive scale.

我们未来将会看到巨大规模的森林砍伐

The red area here implies a net loss of forest over the last 14 years.

这个红色的区域是超过十四年的森里净亏损

The blue, if you could see it -- there's not much --

如果你可以看到的话， 蓝色的区域其实没有很多

可以看出红色区域的不断增加

implies there's been an incremental gain.

Now, as grim and gloomy as the situation is -- and it is --

现在，情况险峻

there is a little bit of hope.

我们的希望少之又少

See, the Brazilian government,

巴西政府

from the national to the state to the municipal level,

从国家到省级再到地方

都推出了全方位—格状的—公园和保护区

has also introduced a whole range -- a lattice -- of parks and protected areas.

虽然不完美，且无法随时限制侵蚀

And while not perfect, and not always limiting encroachment,

它们多少对森林砍伐具有填塞作用

they have served to tamp back deforestation.

The same applies not just in Brazil but all across the Americas,

这种情况不仅仅在巴西， 还横跨整个美洲

到美国，加拿大和全世界

into the United States, Canada and around the world.

So let's talk about solutions.

因此我们要来聊聊解决方案

Despite climate denial at the highest levels,

虽然最高层否认全球变暖的说法

cities are taking action.

城市却在采取一定的行动

You know, when the US pulled out of the Paris Climate Agreement,

当美国推出巴黎气候协议

hundreds of cities in the United States and thousands more around the world

美国数百个城市以及全球数千个城市

doubled down on their climate commitments.

都投入了两倍的气候承诺

（掌声）

(Applause)

And when the White House cracked down on so-called "undocumented migrants"

当白宫取缔在庇护城市中所谓的

“无证移民”

in sanctuary cities,

hundreds of cities and counties and states sat up in defiance

数百个城市，郡，州都十分反对

并且拒绝执行该法令

and refused to enact that order.

(Applause)

（掌声）

城市正在作出相应的行动

So cities are and can take action.

But we're going to need to see a lot more of it,

但是我们需要更多

especially in the global south.

尤其是南半球的那些城市

You see, parts of Africa and Latin America are urbanizing

非洲和南美的一些区域在工业化前

就已经开始城市化

before they industrialize.

They're growing at three times the global average

他们的人口增长

比世界平均超出3倍

in terms their population.

And this is putting enormous strain on infrastructure and services.

这样会给社会基础设施和服务 增加巨大的压力

Now, there is a golden opportunity.

现在，有一个绝好的机会

It's a small opportunity but a golden one: in the next 10 to 20 years,

机会很小，但确是一个金钥匙: 在接下来的10年至20年期间，

to really start designing in principles of resilience into our cities.

去真正将社会恢复力注入我们的城市

只采用一个方法是行不通的

There's not one single way of doing this,

but there are a number of ways that are emerging.

但是我们有很多选择

And I've spoken with hundreds of urban planners,

我个人已经和数百位城市规划者，

development specialists,

开发专家，

architects and civic activists,

建筑师和民权运动人士谈过，

and a number of recurring principles keep coming out.

这些原则都是我们的必谈话题

I just want to pass on six.

这里我想告诉大家6个原则

First: cities need a plan

第一：城市需要计划

和一个实行策略

and a strategy to implement it.

I mean, it sounds crazy,

这样说可能听起来很不可思议

but the vast majority of world cities don't actually have a plan

但世界上大部分的城市实则是没有计划

or a vision.

或者未来的构想

人们忙着处理眼前的问题， 却忽略了远观计划

They're too busy putting out daily fires to think ahead strategically.

I mean, every city wants to be creative,

每个城市都需要创意

happy, liveable, resilient --

快乐，宜居，有恢复力—

who doesn't?

谁不想要？

The challenge is, how do you get there?

可问题是，你如何做到呢？

所以城市政府的角色很重要

And urban governance plays a key role.

You could do worse than take a page from the book of Singapore.

你可以选择步新加坡的后尘， 或者更糟

1971年，新加坡 制定了一个50年的都市化策略

In 1971, Singapore set a 50-year urban strategy

每五年就更新一次

and renews it every five years.

新加坡教会我们的， 不只是持续的重要性

What Singapore teaches us is not just the importance of continuity,

but also the critical role of autonomy and discretion.

也是自治和考虑周到的重要角色

Cities need the power to be able to issue debt,

城市需要发行债券的权利

to raise taxes,

去提高税收

有效分区

to zone effectively,

和建造负担得起的住房

to build affordable housing.

城市需要一个权利下放的革命

What cities need is nothing less than a devolution revolution,

and this is going to require renegotiating the terms of the contract

这将需要重新考虑一些和国家的契约

with a nation-state.

Second:

第二：

你需要绿化

you've got to go green.

Cities are already leading global decarbonization efforts.

城市已经在努力带领全球低碳化

They're investing in congestion pricing schemes,

他们在投资阔塞定价法

排放减量的气候目标

in climate reduction emission targets,

in biodiversity, in parks and bikeways and walkways

生物多样性、公园、自行车道和人行道

and everything in between.

以及其间的所有事情

There's an extraordinary menu of options they have to choose from.

他们的选择数不尽数

One of the great things is,

其中很好的一件事情是

很多城市已经在太阳能 和风能领域注入重大投资

cities are already investing heavily in renewables -- in solar and wind --

not just in North America, but especially in Western Europe and parts of Asia.

不只是在北美，也在西欧 和亚洲某些区域

今天我们的世界拥有太阳能发电厂的城市

There are more than 8,000 cities right now in the world today

超过8000个

with solar plants.

There are 300 cities that have declared complete energy autonomy.

其中三百个城市已经可以能源自主化

One of my favorite stories comes from Medellín,

我最喜欢的一个故事来自麦德林

which invested in a municipal hydroelectric plant,

麦德林投资了一座水力发电厂

which doesn't only service its local needs,

它不只满足当地的需求

but allows the city to sell excess energy back onto the national grid.

还可以将对于的能源卖给全国电力网

然而这不是个例

And it's not alone.

还有上千个其他相似的城市

There are a thousand other cities just like it.

Third: invest in integrated and multi-use solutions.

第三：投资在整合性和多用性解决方案上

The most successful cities are those that are going to invest in solutions

那些投资在解决方案上的， 往往是那些最成功的城市

可以同时解决多个问题

that don't solve just one problem, but that solve multiple problems.

Take the case of integrated public transport.

用公共运输系统为例

When done well --

当它设计得当的时候

迅速运转的巴士运输，

rapid bus transit,

light rail,

轻轨铁路，

bikeways, walkways, boatways --

自行车道，人行道，水路

these can dramatically reduce emissions and congestion.

能急剧减少排放和交通阻塞

But they can do a lot more than that.

还不只如此

他们可以改善公众健康

They can improve public health.

They can reduce dispersion.

他们可以减少分散

They can even increase safety.

他们可以增加安全性

首尔就提供了一个很好的例子

A great example of this comes from Seoul.

You see, Seoul's population doubled over the last 30 years,

过去30年，首尔的人口增加一倍

但是它的排碳量几乎不变

but the footprint barely changed.

How?

这是为什么？

Well, 75 percent of Seoul's residents get to work

百分之75的首尔居民所使用的上班方式

using what's been described as

是被称为

世界上最高效的公共运输系统

one of the most extraordinary public transport systems

in the world.

And Seoul used to be car country.

然而首尔过去是个汽车国家

Next, fourth:

接着第四：

build densely but also sustainably.

密集的建设也要注意永存性

无计划扩展是城市的死穴

The death of all cities is the sprawl.

Cities need to know how to build resiliently,

城市需要有韧性得建造

but also in a way that's inclusive.

也要有包容性

This is a picture right here of Dallas-Fort Worth.

这是一张达拉斯沃斯堡的图片

And what you see is its population also doubled over the last 30 years.

你现在看到是过去30年增加一倍的人口

But as you can see, it spread into edge cities and suburbia

但同时也可以用我们的肉眼看到

散布在边缘和郊区的人口

as far as the eye can see.

城市需要学会留白建设

Cities need to know when not to build,

so as not to reproduce urban sprawl

以此避免盲目扩展

and slums of downward accountability.

和贫民区

The problem with Dallas-Forth Worth is

达拉斯沃斯堡的问题是

只有百分之五的居民 有机会使用公交系统

just five percent of its residents get to work using public transport -- five.

而百分之九十五的居民使用车

Ninety-five percent use cars,

which partly explains why it's got some of the longest commuting times

这也就解释了为什么它在北美

拥有最长通勤时间的记录

in North America.

Singapore, by contrast, got it right.

相比之下，新加坡就是一个正面的例子

They built vertically

他们垂直建设

and built in affordable housing to boot.

同时也建造了居民负担得起的住房

Fifth: steal.

第五：偷窃

The smartest cities are nicking, pilfering, stealing,

最聪明的城市要学会做一个小偷

left, right and center.

左边，右边，中间

They don't have time to waste.

他们没有可以浪费的时间

他们需要最新的科技

They need tomorrow's technology today,

and they're going to leapfrog to get there.

而且他们需要跳跃式前进

This is New York,

这是纽约

but it's not just New York that's doing a lot of stealing,

但不仅是纽约在偷，

新加坡，首尔，麦德林也在

it's Singapore, it's Seoul, it's Medellín.

要达到城市复兴

The urban renaissance is only going to be enabled

城市需要借鉴、分享彼此的经验

when cities start borrowing from one another.

最后：全球联盟化

And finally: work in global coalitions.

You know, there are more than 200 inner-city coalitions in the world today.

今天的世界上有超过200个城市内联盟

There are more city coalitions

城市联盟的数目

than there are coalitions for nation-states.

比国家联盟还要多

Just take a look at the Global Parliament of Mayors,

看看全球市长议会

set up by the late Ben Barber,

为已故的本杰明巴布尔

在推动城市权利运动时所创立

who was driving an urban rights movement.

Or consider the C40,

还有C40

a marvelous network of cities that has gathered thousands together

这个惊人的城市网， 将数千个城市聚集在一起

to deliver clean energy.

以提供清洁能源

Or look at the World Economic Forum,

或者世界经济论坛

which is developing smart city protocols.

它在发展智能城市协议

Or the 100 Resilient Cities initiative,

或者100恢复型城市方案

which is leading a resilience revival.

去引领恢复力的重振

ICLEI, UCLG, Metropolis --

ICLEI, UCLG, 国际化大都市

these are the movements of the future.

这些是通往未来的方向

它们都意识到当城市聚集在一起

What they all realize is that when cities work together,

they can amplify their voice,

就可以放大它们的声音

not just on the national stage, but on the global stage.

不再只局限于国家舞台， 也在世界舞台上

And with a voice comes, potentially, a vote --

而这些声音的回声就是—选票权

and then maybe even a veto.

甚至是否决权

当国家建立在全体的国家主权上

When nation-states default on their national sovereignty,

cities have to step up.

城市得站起来

They can't wait.

它们不可以等待

And they don't need to ask for permission.

它们不需要寻求许可

They can exert their own sovereignty.

它们可以行使自己的主权

它们懂得地区和全球

They understand that the local and the global

已经真正的联合在一起

have really, truly come together,

that we live in a global, local world,

我们住在一个全球的地方性世界

and we need to adjust our politics accordingly.

我们也需要改变相应的政策

As I travel around the world and meet mayors and civic leaders,

当我巡游世界，与各个市长 和文明领袖们见面时

I'm amazed by the energy, enthusiasm and effectiveness

他们在工作上所表现处的能量，热情和效率

they bring to their work.

都让我感到惊奇

They're pragmatists.

他们是实用主义者

他们是问题解决者

They're problem-solvers.

They're para-diplomats.

他们是平行外交官

与此同时，国际上的不确定性很高

And in this moment of extraordinary international uncertainty,

当我们的多国制度瘫痪时

when our multilateral institutions are paralyzed

and our nation-states are in retreat,

我们的民族国家也在倒退

cities and their leaders are our new 21st-century visionaries.

城市和它们的领导是我们21世界的前瞻者

他们值得——不，他们有权利取得一席之地

They deserve -- no, they have a right to -- a seat at the table.

Thank you.

谢谢

（掌声）

(Applause)